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Trust Signals: An Intersectional Approach to Understanding Women of Color’s News Trust 信任信号:理解有色人种女性新闻信托的交叉方法
2区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.17645/mac.v11i4.7106
Chelsea Peterson-Salahuddin
Journalism scholars have increasingly become concerned with how our changing media environment has shifted traditional understandings of how news outlets create trust with audiences. While many scholars have focused on broad avenues of building trust with audiences through transparency, community engagement, and funding, arguably less attention has been paid to how audience members’ social positionality—determined by factors such as race, class, and socioeconomic status—can shape their varying understanding of what makes a news source trustworthy. Thus, in this study, I conducted focus groups with US women of color, a community marginalized minimally along race and gender, to understand how their positionality shapes how they conceptualize news trust. Through eight focus groups with N = 45 women of color, I found while participants used known antecedents of news trust, these were often more specifically rooted in their own experiences with racism, heterosexism, and classism. Further, participants had varying conceptualizations around antecedents of trust, such as accuracy and bias. Through these findings, I suggest how news organizations can better establish trust across marginalized communities.
新闻学者越来越关注我们不断变化的媒体环境如何改变了对新闻媒体如何与受众建立信任的传统理解。虽然许多学者关注的是通过透明度、社区参与和资助来与受众建立信任的广泛途径,但可以说,很少有人关注受众成员的社会地位(由种族、阶级和社会经济地位等因素决定)如何影响他们对新闻来源值得信赖的不同理解。因此,在这项研究中,我对美国有色人种女性(一个在种族和性别方面被边缘化程度最低的群体)进行了焦点小组讨论,以了解她们的地位如何影响她们对新闻信任的概念。通过<em>N</em>我发现,虽然参与者使用了已知的新闻信任先例,但这些先例往往更具体地根植于她们自己对种族主义、异性恋和阶级歧视的经历。此外,参与者对信任的前提有不同的概念,如准确性和偏见。通过这些发现,我建议新闻机构如何更好地在边缘化社区建立信任。
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引用次数: 0
Charting the Impacts of Media Discourses on the European Integration Project 绘制媒体话语对欧洲一体化项目的影响
2区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.17645/mac.v11i4.7526
Ana Pérez-Escoda, Tetyana Lokot
The over-exposure to information facilitated by the hybrid media system and social networks is a key factor contributing to the increasing polarization of public opinion on major political issues. The European integration project is one of the major political processes affected by information manipulation and disinformation. In this regard, social networks have become powerful tools for nurturing news siloes or “echo chambers,” influencing people’s perceptions of important political issues in a manner that could have a destabilizing effect on democratic processes and institutions. In this context, the role of media discourses and their circulation among networked publics has become particularly relevant, leading audiences to adopt different views supporting or rejecting the European project. This thematic issue features a range of articles considering how the Europeanization process is impacted by discourses circulating in the hybrid media system or threatened by the destructive dynamics of disinformation and polarization.
混合媒体系统和社会网络促成的信息过度暴露是导致重大政治问题上公众意见日益两极分化的关键因素。欧洲一体化项目是受信息操纵和虚假信息影响的主要政治进程之一。在这方面,社交网络已经成为培育新闻孤岛或“回音室”的有力工具,以一种可能对民主进程和制度产生不稳定影响的方式影响人们对重要政治问题的看法。在这种背景下,媒体话语的作用及其在网络化公众中的流通变得尤为重要,引导受众采取支持或拒绝欧洲项目的不同观点。这期专题特刊刊载一系列文章,探讨在混合媒体系统中流通的话语如何影响欧洲化进程,或如何受到假资讯和两极分化的破坏性动力的威胁。
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引用次数: 0
Measuring Receptivity to Eurosceptic Media Discourses in the Vicinity of War: Evidence from Romania 在战争附近测量对欧洲怀疑主义媒体话语的接受程度:来自罗马尼亚的证据
2区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.17645/mac.v11i4.7122
Mihnea S. Stoica, Andreea Voina
Ever since its accession to the EU, Romania was considered an exceptional case among member states, given the unwavering high levels of popular support for the EU. However, the most recent elections held in Romania brought about the unexpected emergence of the Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR), a far-right populist party that strongly opposes the European project, which it accuses of resembling “a harmful hegemony.” The war in Ukraine represented another chance for AUR to bash the EU for its reaction in supporting Ukraine. The current article examines the degree to which anti-EU appeals of AUR influence Eurosceptic attitudes in Romania. In doing so, the present research pursues two distinct, but complementary goals. The first is to perform a content analysis of Eurosceptic narratives disseminated by AUR through its main social media channels since the start of the war. The second goal is then, employing four logistic regression models and using unique data collected through an online interactive survey, to test which of these narratives matter the most in shaping Eurosceptic attitudes. The article allows us to develop a nuanced understanding of what triggered a change of heart in a significant part of the Romanian electorate vis-à-vis the EU and the influence of Eurosceptic media discourse in this sense.
自从加入欧盟以来,罗马尼亚一直被认为是成员国中的一个例外,因为它对欧盟的支持率一直很高。然而,罗马尼亚最近举行的选举出人意料地出现了罗马尼亚人联盟(AUR),这是一个极右翼民粹主义政党,强烈反对欧洲项目,并指责该项目类似于“有害的霸权”。乌克兰战争是AUR抨击欧盟支持乌克兰的反应的又一次机会。当前的文章考察了反欧盟的呼吁在多大程度上影响了罗马尼亚的欧洲怀疑态度。在这样做的过程中,目前的研究追求两个不同的,但互补的目标。首先是对战争开始以来AUR通过其主要社交媒体渠道传播的欧洲怀疑主义言论进行内容分析。第二个目标是,采用四种逻辑回归模型,并使用通过在线互动调查收集的独特数据,来测试这些叙述中哪一种对形成欧洲怀疑论者的态度最重要。这篇文章让我们得以细致入微地了解,是什么引发了罗马尼亚相当一部分选民对-à-vis欧盟的态度改变,以及欧洲怀疑主义媒体话语在这方面的影响。
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引用次数: 1
Rhetorics of Hope and Outrage: Emotion and Cynicism in the Coverage the Schengen Accession 希望与愤怒的修辞:申根加入报道中的情感与玩世不恭
2区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.17645/mac.v11i4.7137
Radu M. Meza
Discourses on European integration and Euroscepticism have benefitted from increased interest after Brexit. Researchers point out that there is a great variance from one national context to another and that there is a gap in the literature concerning non-elite discourses and perspectives from Central and Eastern European countries such as Romania. The Eurobarometer findings of early 2023 indicate a shift in Romanian public opinion towards Euroscepticism. To better understand the potential causes for these shifts, we approach the politicisation of the issue in Romania through an analysis of online news headlines and related social media news sharing metadata. In the aftermath of the decision not to accept Romania and Bulgaria, this research investigates shifts in the media framing of the Schengen issue and EU over two months (from October 15 to December 15, 2022) in the 14 most accessed Romanian online news sites (with more than 10 million visits per month). Quantitative analysis of news headlines (N = 3,362) shows that the coverage focuses on Romanian politicians in power and emphasises conflict. Furthermore, the analysis of the interactions produced by news sharing of the analysed sample shows the impact of the political rhetoric encouraging the boycotting of Austrian companies in retaliation for the denial of Schengen Area accession: scapegoating and disenchantment with politics and politicians. The two-step approach used and results that use Facebook interactions as indicators of public resonance of politicisation and strategic framing may be replicated in future research.
有关欧洲一体化和欧洲怀疑主义的论述受益于英国退欧后人们对其兴趣的增加。研究人员指出,在不同的国家背景下,存在着很大的差异,而且关于罗马尼亚等中欧和东欧国家的非精英话语和观点的文献存在空白。欧洲晴雨表在2023年初的调查结果表明,罗马尼亚公众舆论正转向疑欧主义。为了更好地了解这些转变的潜在原因,我们通过分析在线新闻标题和相关社交媒体新闻分享元数据来探讨罗马尼亚问题的政治化。在决定不接受罗马尼亚和保加利亚之后,本研究调查了14个访问量最大的罗马尼亚在线新闻网站(每月访问量超过1000万)在两个月内(2022年10月15日至12月15日)对申根问题和欧盟的媒体框架的变化。新闻标题定量分析(<em>N</em>= 3,362)表明,报道的重点是罗马尼亚当权的政客,并强调冲突。此外,对所分析样本的新闻分享所产生的相互作用的分析表明,鼓励抵制奥地利公司以报复拒绝加入申根地区的政治言论的影响:替罪羊和对政治和政治家的失望。使用的两步方法和使用Facebook互动作为政治化和战略框架的公众共鸣指标的结果可能会在未来的研究中得到复制。
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引用次数: 1
Who Watches the Watchdog? Understanding Media Systems as Information Regimes 谁看看门狗?将媒体系统理解为信息制度
2区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.17645/mac.7216
Mart Ots, Peter Berglez, Lars Nord
This article explores institutions that monitor news media performance. It opens up critical inquiry into how knowledge about media systems is shaped, shared, and bounded in society. Using Sweden as an illustrative and data-rich case, we first map the overall media monitoring structure in Sweden. Second, we examine the kind of knowledge and data about media that monitoring institutions produce, including their motives and the underlying values they support. Third, we extrapolate questions about implicit and explicit motives to participate in an “information regime.” Fourth, by means of media system theory, we discuss the international relevance of the Swedish case to understand media monitoring systems in other parts of the world.
本文探讨了监控新闻媒体表现的机构。它开启了对媒体系统知识如何在社会中形成、共享和结合的批判性探究。以瑞典为例,数据丰富,我们首先绘制了瑞典的整体媒体监控结构。其次,我们研究了监控机构产生的关于媒体的知识和数据,包括它们的动机和它们所支持的潜在价值观。第三,我们推断有关参与“信息制度”的隐性和显性动机的问题。第四,借助媒体系统理论,我们讨论了瑞典案例的国际相关性,以了解世界其他地区的媒体监控系统。
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引用次数: 0
Emotional Resonance and Identity Recognition in Chinese Late Adolescent Digital Music Consumption 中国青少年后期数字音乐消费的情感共鸣与身份认同
2区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.17645/mac.v11i4.7099
Lina Li, Yubin Li, Jing Wu, Hao Gao
This study conducts qualitative research on late adolescent digital music users aged 17–19 to explore their emotional resonance and identities in digital music consumption. The findings indicate that late adolescents are highly dependent on music, with it playing a significant role in their lives, particularly in meeting emotional needs and shaping identities. Late-adolescent digital music users seek to assert themselves through unique and unconventional music tastes. The study also uncovers the coexistence of personalization and socialization in their music-listening behaviors, dividing them into “music-experienced” and “music-socialized” groups. Regarding emotional motivation, the music-experienced group listens to music for personal empathy, while the music-socialized group seeks interpersonal emotional resonance through music-based social interaction. From a practical perspective, this study suggests that the digital music industry should focus on the emotional value generated by music and balance users’ personalization and socialization needs.
本研究对17-19岁的青少年后期数字音乐用户进行定性研究,探讨他们在数字音乐消费中的情感共鸣和身份认同。研究结果表明,青少年晚期高度依赖音乐,音乐在他们的生活中扮演着重要的角色,尤其是在满足情感需求和塑造身份方面。青少年后期的数字音乐用户寻求通过独特和非传统的音乐品味来维护自己。研究还揭示了其音乐聆听行为中个性化与社会化并存的特点,并将其划分为“音乐体验型”群体和“音乐社会化型”群体。在情感动机方面,音乐体验组听音乐是为了个人共情,而音乐社交组则通过音乐社交来寻求人际情感共鸣。从实践角度出发,本研究建议数字音乐产业应关注音乐所产生的情感价值,平衡用户的个性化和社会化需求。
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引用次数: 1
Tethered Disparities: Adolescent Smartphone Use in Rural and Urban China 捆绑差异:中国农村和城市青少年智能手机使用情况
2区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.17645/mac.v11i4.7181
Huan Chen, Zixue Tai
The pervasive penetration of the smartphone has disproportionately affected adolescents and youth more than any other sociodemographic group. Inspired by the conceptual framework of the digital divide in internet use, this research aims to interrogate the multi-dimensional aspects of disparities in smartphone use among teens in China. Measurement was developed to assess the first-, second-, and third-level divide as manifested in smartphone access and engagement in a variety of activities, different skill sets, and myriad outcomes and consequences. Results from a cross-sectional survey of 1,511 at-school teens show various patterns of divide along the lines of age, gender, and rural/mid-sized-city/metropolitan location.
智能手机的普及对青少年的影响比任何其他社会人口群体都要大。受互联网使用中数字鸿沟概念框架的启发,本研究旨在探究中国青少年智能手机使用差异的多维方面。开发了测量方法来评估第一、第二和第三层次的鸿沟,这体现在智能手机的使用和参与各种活动、不同的技能组合以及无数的结果和后果上。对1511名在校青少年进行的横断面调查结果显示,在年龄、性别、农村/中等城市/大都市位置等方面存在着不同的差异。
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引用次数: 1
A Deliberative Democracy Framework for Analysing Trust in Journalists: An Application to Italy 分析记者信任的协商民主框架:意大利的应用
2区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.17645/mac.7251
Sergio Splendore, Diego Garusi, Augusto Valeriani
In the current public sphere, the “deliberative model of democracy” may represent both the necessary benchmark and the best lens through which to view developments in the public debate. Democracy can never become really deliberative without the active participation of news media. The assumption of this article is that if news media are to disseminate knowledge, trust in them is crucial. This article examines an aspect neglected by studies on media trust: trust in journalists. It presents the results of a longitudinal survey carried out in May and September 2020 in Italy, right at the end of the first mass Covid-19 lockdown (Wave 1) and after the first pandemic summer (Wave 2), therefore a time when there was a great need for quality information. The main findings reveal that the use of social media decreases trust in journalists; furthermore, those who mainly rely on political institutions’ social media accounts for information place less trust in journalists than those who mainly rely on journalistic sources on those platforms. Instead, the use of traditional media (radio, television, newspapers) increases trust in journalists.
在当前的公共领域,“审议式民主模式”可能既是必要的基准,也是观察公共辩论发展的最佳视角。没有新闻媒体的积极参与,民主永远不可能成为真正的审议。本文的假设是,如果新闻媒体要传播知识,对它们的信任是至关重要的。本文考察了媒体信任研究中被忽视的一个方面:对记者的信任。它介绍了2020年5月和9月在意大利进行的一项纵向调查的结果,当时正值第一次Covid-19大规模封锁结束(第一波)和第一次大流行夏季(第二波)之后,因此非常需要高质量的信息。主要研究结果显示,社交媒体的使用降低了对记者的信任;此外,主要依赖政治机构社交媒体账户获取信息的人对记者的信任程度低于主要依赖这些平台上的新闻来源的人。相反,传统媒体(广播、电视、报纸)的使用增加了对记者的信任。
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引用次数: 0
Factors Affecting Trust in Chinese Digital Journalism: Approach Based on Folk Theories 影响中国数字新闻信任的因素:基于民间理论的分析
2区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.17645/mac.v11i4.7169
Shaoqiang Liu, Jinghong Xu, Zi’an Zhao, Xiaojun Li
Trust in online digital news has become a significant concern affecting social cohesion in China. Under the framework of folk theories, we interviewed urban and rural residents’ perceptions and imaginations of digital news credibility in China’s digital journalism environment. The study finds that digital media giants in China are utilised by both urban and rural residents. Regarding the behaviour of news avoidance, scepticism of digital news accounts for only a tiny fraction of the reasons held by news avoiders. Chinese urban and rural residents have similar perceptions about the impact of news forms, quality of information, and individual stances on digital news, while rural residents show uncertainty about the transparency of news production, which may be related to their education level and media literacy. The relationship between recommendation algorithms and news trust is overlooked by respondents. In addition, news seekers are more likely to display herd behaviours, which may mislead their judgment of news credibility. News avoiders may refuse to consume news because of their distaste for China’s digital news atmosphere, such as the ubiquity of unpleasant emotions, preconceived opinions, and attention-grabbing clickbait headlines.
对网络数字新闻的信任已经成为影响中国社会凝聚力的一个重要问题。在民间理论的框架下,我们采访了中国数字新闻环境下城乡居民对数字新闻可信度的感知和想象。研究发现,中国的城市和农村居民都在使用数字媒体巨头。关于新闻回避行为,对数字新闻的怀疑只占新闻回避者持有的原因的一小部分。中国城市和农村居民对新闻形式、信息质量和个人立场对数字新闻的影响有着相似的看法,而农村居民对新闻生产的透明度表现出不确定性,这可能与他们的教育水平和媒介素养有关。被调查者忽略了推荐算法与新闻信任之间的关系。此外,新闻寻求者更容易表现出从众行为,这可能会误导他们对新闻可信度的判断。新闻回避者可能会拒绝消费新闻,因为他们厌恶中国的数字新闻氛围,比如无处不在的不愉快情绪、先入为主的观点和吸引眼球的标题党标题。
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引用次数: 0
Conceptualising Liveness and Visibility in the News Repertoires of Adolescents in a Polymedia Environment 多媒体环境下青少年新闻曲目的概念化、活动性和可视性
2区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-11 DOI: 10.17645/mac.v11i4.7076
Dejan Jontes, Tanja Oblak Črnič, Breda Luthar
Based on the assumptions that digital media are used as integrated structures or “polymedia repertoires” and that media practices cannot be treated as unrelated practices performed on distinct platforms, the present study examined the digital sociability of young people and their media prosumption in a polymedia environment. Data were collected from group interviews of 67 12- to 19-year-olds and 59 personal visualised media sketches. The study focused on teenage engagement with news as part of their media repertoires and their understanding of what news is in the context of general platform sociability conditions, including a state of permanent connectedness and constant anticipation of something new. Their sociability based on permanent activity and affective engagement was enabled and framed by the algorithmically produced regime of visibility and the promise of liveness. The findings indicated that an important consequence of the increased fragmentation of activities is the naturalisation of the performance of multiple media practices at the same time. Although the complexity of such performance, even among teenagers, revealed socially distinctive categories, clear hierarchies between types of practices—such as watching news or pop culture, online shopping and doing homework—and the cultural differentiation of the dominant contexts for these practices—such as school and leisure—were eroded. The contexts of school, home, and leisure thus collapse, and the definition of important news journalism becomes highly unstable, with the distinction between pop and politics generally disintegrating.
基于数字媒体被用作集成结构或“多媒体库”的假设,以及媒体实践不能被视为在不同平台上进行的不相关实践,本研究考察了年轻人的数字社交能力及其在多媒体环境中的媒体消费。数据收集自67名12至19岁青少年的小组访谈和59名个人可视化媒体草图。这项研究的重点是青少年对新闻的参与,这是他们媒体曲目的一部分,以及他们在一般平台社交条件下对新闻的理解,包括永久连接的状态和对新事物的持续期待。他们基于永久活动和情感参与的社交能力是由算法产生的可见性和活力承诺机制实现和框架的。研究结果表明,活动碎片化增加的一个重要后果是同时进行多种媒体实践的自然化。尽管这种表现的复杂性,甚至在青少年中,揭示了社会上独特的类别,不同类型的实践之间明确的等级制度-例如看新闻或流行文化,网上购物和做作业-以及这些实践的主要背景的文化差异-例如学校和休闲-被侵蚀了。因此,学校、家庭和休闲的环境崩溃了,重要新闻的定义变得非常不稳定,流行和政治之间的区别普遍消失了。
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引用次数: 1
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Media and Communication
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