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Novel use of a servosphere to study apodous insects: Investigation of blow fly post-feeding larval dispersal. 利用伺服层研究有节昆虫的新方法:调查吹蝇食后幼虫的扩散。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12745
Molly Mactaggart, Amoret P Whitaker, Keith N Wilkinson, Martin J R Hall

Blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) are arguably the most important providers of an estimate of minimum post-mortem interval in forensic investigations. They usually undergo a post-feeding dispersal from the body. While previous studies have looked at dispersal of groups of larvae, recording the dispersal activity of individual larvae has not previously been demonstrated. A servosphere was used here to record the speed, directionality and phototaxis of individual post-feeding larvae of two species of blow fly on a smooth plastic surface over time. The servosphere rotates to compensate for the movement of an insect placed at its apex, thereby enabling its unimpeded locomotion in any direction to be studied and behavioural changes to external stimuli recorded. To our knowledge, the servosphere has not previously been used to study apodous insects. The objective of our study was to compare dispersal behaviour of Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy and Protophormia terraenovae (Robineau-Desvoidy), both common primary colonisers of human and animal cadavers, but showing different post-feeding dispersal strategies. Larvae of C. vicina generally disperse from the body while those of P. terraenovae remain on or close to the body. Our aims were to study (1) changes in dispersal speed over a 1-h period; (2) changes in dispersal speed once a day for 4 days, between the end of feeding and onset of pupariation; and (3) response of dispersing larvae to light. We demonstrated that (1) the movement of three C. vicina larvae tracked for 1 continuous hour on 1 day slowed from an average of 3 to <1.7 mms-1; (2) the average speed of 20 larvae of C. vicina (4.08 mms-1) recorded for 5 min once per day over a 4-day period between onset of dispersal and pupariation was significantly greater than that of P. terraenovae (2.36 mms-1; p < 0.0001), but that speed of both species increased slightly over the 4 days; (3) the responses of larvae of C. vicina to changes in light direction from the four cardinal directions of the compass, showed that they exhibited a strong negative phototactic response within 5 s, turning to move at approximately 180° away from the new light position. While conducted to observe larval calliphorid post-feeding behaviour, the results of this proof of concept study show that apodous insects can be studied on a servosphere to produce both qualitative and quantitative data.

吹蝇(双翅目:Calliphoridae)可以说是法医调查中估算尸体最小间隔时间的最重要工具。它们通常在进食后从尸体上飞散。以前的研究关注的是幼虫群体的散布情况,但记录单个幼虫的散布活动还没有得到证实。本研究使用伺服球记录两种吹蝇个体在光滑塑料表面上进食后随时间变化的速度、方向性和趋光性。伺服圈会旋转,以补偿置于其顶端的昆虫的运动,从而使其能够不受阻碍地朝任何方向运动,并记录其对外界刺激的行为变化。据我们所知,伺服圈以前从未用于研究有足昆虫。我们研究的目的是比较Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy和Protophormia terraenovae (Robineau-Desvoidy)的扩散行为。C.vicina的幼虫一般从尸体上扩散,而P.terraenovae的幼虫则留在尸体上或靠近尸体。我们的目的是研究(1)1小时内分散速度的变化;(2)从取食结束到化蛹开始的4天内每天一次分散速度的变化;以及(3)分散幼虫对光的反应。我们证明:(1)在一天中连续跟踪一小时的三条C. vicina幼虫的运动速度从平均3条减慢到-1条;(2)在开始散布到化蛹的4天时间里,每天记录一次20条C. vicina幼虫的平均速度(4.08 mms-1),每次5分钟,其速度明显高于P.
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引用次数: 0
Morphological and molecular data on the bat flies, Basilia silvae (Brèthes, 1913) and Trichobius parasiticus Gervais, 1844 parasitizing Chilean bats. 寄生于智利蝙蝠的蝙蝠蝇 Basilia silvae (Brèthes, 1913) 和 Trichobius parasiticus Gervais, 1844 的形态学和分子数据。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12744
Dante Lobos-Ovalle, Angel Herrera-Mares, Ali Z Lira-Olguin, Juan Luis Allendes, Annia Rodríguez-San Pedro, Lucila Moreno-Salas, Juan E Uribe, Maria Carolina Silva-de la Fuente

Among mammals, bats harbour the greatest taxonomic diversity of ectoparasitic arthropods. This is mainly due to their high mobility, wide distribution range and gregarious social behaviour. In Chile, 17 species of bats have been reported; however, their ectoparasitic arthropofauna has been little studied. There are currently 12 taxa recorded, belonging to two classes and associated with only four species of bats. This study aimed to investigate the diversity of parasitic flies associated with bats in three ecoregions: Atacama Desert, Chilean Matorral and Valdivian temperate forest. During 2021, using mist nets, bats were captured in Anzota caves (Atacama Desert ecoregion), Huelquén and Alto Jahuel (Chilean Matorral ecoregion), Cherquenco and San Patricio (Valdivian temperate forest). Each bat was carefully checked during a 15-min interval for the collection of ectoparasites. The arthropods were deposited in vials with 96% ethanol. A total of 26 bats corresponding to three species (Vespertilionidae: Histiotus magellanicus Philippi, 1866, Myotis arescens (Osgood, 1943); Phyllostomidae: Desmodus rotundus (Geoffroy, 1810)) were captured from which a total of 142 ectoparasitic arthropods were collected. Bat flies were separated/identified under a stereomicroscope. Additionally, from the fieldwork, we report the presence of other ectoparasites associated with Chilean bats. In our study, we report new host-parasite associations between Trichobius parasiticus Gervais, 1844 (Diptera: Streblidae) on D. rotundus, and Basilia silvae (Brèthes, 1913) (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) in M. arescens in Chile. Our study extended the latitudinal range of distribution for B. silvae to Araucanía region, and we report for first time T. parasiticus in the country. Additionally, partial sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase I gene were obtained from these specimens. Although there is slight morphological variation in the specimens of T. parasiticus, phylogenetic analyses suggest that they correspond to the same species. The sequences generated for B. silvae represent the first for the species. Authors recommend the use of an integrative approach in the identification of ectoparasites in poorly studied ecoregions and hosts. The integration of different markers is necessary to determine more precisely the phylogenetic relationships between South American populations and species of the genera Basilia and Trichobius.

在哺乳动物中,蝙蝠所蕴藏的体外寄生节肢动物在分类学上具有最大的多样性。这主要是由于它们的高流动性、广泛的分布范围和群居的社会行为。据报道,智利有 17 种蝙蝠,但对其体外寄生节肢动物的研究却很少。目前记录在案的有 12 个分类群,分属两个类别,仅与 4 种蝙蝠有关。这项研究旨在调查三个生态区域中与蝙蝠相关的寄生蝇的多样性:阿塔卡马沙漠、智利马托拉尔和瓦尔迪温带森林。2021 年期间,使用雾网在安佐塔洞穴(阿塔卡马沙漠生态区)、韦尔肯和上贾胡埃尔(智利马托拉尔生态区)、切尔昆科和圣帕特里西奥(瓦尔迪温带森林)捕获了蝙蝠。每隔 15 分钟对每只蝙蝠进行一次仔细检查,以收集体外寄生虫。节肢动物被保存在装有 96% 乙醇的小瓶中。共捕获了 26 只蝙蝠,分别属于三个物种(蝙蝠科:Histiotus magellanicus Philippi, 1866, Myotis arescens (Osgood, 1943);蝙蝠属:Desmodus rotundus (Geoffroy, 1810)),从中共收集到 142 种体外寄生节肢动物。在体视显微镜下对蝙蝠蝇进行了分离和鉴定。此外,我们还报告了与智利蝙蝠有关的其他体外寄生虫。在我们的研究中,我们报告了智利蝙蝠身上寄生的 Trichobius parasiticus Gervais, 1844 (Diptera: Streblidae) 与 M. arescens 身上寄生的 Basilia silvae (Brèthes, 1913) (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) 之间新的寄主-寄生虫关系。我们的研究将 B. silvae 的纬度分布范围扩大到了阿劳卡尼亚地区,并首次报告了智利的寄生虫。此外,我们还从这些标本中获得了细胞色素 c 氧化酶 I 基因的部分序列。虽然寄生蝇标本的形态略有不同,但系统发生学分析表明它们属于同一物种。为 B. silvae 生成的序列是该物种的第一个序列。作者建议在对生态区和寄主研究较少的地区使用综合方法鉴定外寄生虫。有必要整合不同的标记物,以便更准确地确定南美洲种群与 Basilia 属和 Trichobius 属物种之间的系统发育关系。
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引用次数: 0
Ecological determinants of leishmaniasis vector, Lutzomyia spp.: A scoping review 利什曼病病媒 Lutzomyia spp:范围综述。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12741
Sydney DeWinter, Keana Shahin, Christopher Fernandez-Prada, Amy L. Greer, J. Scott Weese, Katie M. Clow
<p><i>Leishmania</i> spp. are zoonotic parasites transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies, including those of the <i>Lutzomyia</i> genus, which can cause leishmaniases in both humans and dogs. <i>Lutzomyia</i> spp. are established in many countries in South and Central America and some areas of the southern United States, with suspected potential of these vectors to undergo further range expansion due to climate change. A scoping review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extensions for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines to describe the current state of knowledge on the key ecological factors associated with <i>Lutzomyia</i> spp. survival, reproduction and establishment. The following electronic databases were searched for eligible studies published from 1 January 1990, to the date of search, 26 April 2023: CAB Direct (CABI), MEDLINE (via Ovid), Biological Sciences Database and Environmental Sciences Database. Primary research articles that were available in English and focused on ecological factors associated with <i>Lutzomyia</i> spp., such as climatic and habitat factors, geographic range, seasonality and temporality, and host abundance, were eligible for inclusion in the study. Following de-duplication, a total of 167 studies were included in Level 1 screening, 64 studies were included in Level 2 screening and 31 studies met the criteria for data extraction. Study locations included Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela, the United States, Mexico and Canada, with some studies including multiple regions. A total of 31 different <i>Lutzomyia</i> spp. were assessed across these studies, with most (51.6%) of the studies focused on <i>Lutzomyia longipalpis.</i> Eligible studies investigated factors such as seasonality (<i>n</i> = 5), temperature (<i>n</i> = 19), precipitation (<i>n</i> = 13), humidity (<i>n</i> = 2), vegetation presence or requirements (<i>n</i> = 13), ecotypes (<i>n</i> = 7), and/or community type (i.e., urban, suburban, rural) (<i>n</i> = 5). <i>Lutzomyia</i> spp. activity was found to be higher during the rainy season, and peak when temperatures were between 20 and 25°C. <i>Lutzomyia</i> spp. were also found to preferentially reside in tropical or subtropical forests, which are characterised by their lack of a distinct dry season and high precipitation. This scoping review summarised the current state of the literature on the ecological factors associated with the survival, activity and reproduction of <i>Lutzomyia</i> spp. While there appears to be some consensus in the literature regarding some ecological requirements (such as seasonality, temperature and habitat features), overall, there is a lack of published research in this topic. This poses a significant challenge for future studies, which aim to predict the future distribution of <i>Lutzomyia</i> spp. in the context of climate and land use changes. Additional ecological research is urgently needed on <
利什曼原虫是由噬血沙蝇(包括 Lutzomyia 属沙蝇)传播的人畜共患寄生虫,可导致人类和狗患利什曼病。Lutzomyia spp.已在南美洲和中美洲的许多国家以及美国南部的一些地区定居,由于气候变化,怀疑这些病媒的分布范围有可能进一步扩大。我们按照《系统综述和元分析扩展优选报告项目》(PRISMA-ScR)指南进行了一次范围界定综述,以描述与 Lutzomyia spp.生存、繁殖和建立相关的关键生态因素的知识现状。在以下电子数据库中搜索了 1990 年 1 月 1 日至 2023 年 4 月 26 日发表的符合条件的研究:CAB Direct (CABI)、MEDLINE(通过 Ovid)、生物科学数据库和环境科学数据库。以英文发表的主要研究文章均可纳入本研究,这些文章侧重于与 Lutzomyia 相关的生态因素,如气候和栖息地因素、地理范围、季节性和时间性以及寄主丰度。经过去重后,共有 167 项研究被纳入一级筛选,64 项研究被纳入二级筛选,31 项研究符合数据提取标准。研究地点包括阿根廷、巴西、哥伦比亚、秘鲁、委内瑞拉、美国、墨西哥和加拿大,部分研究涉及多个地区。这些研究共评估了 31 种不同的 Lutzomyia 属种,其中大部分(51.6%)研究的重点是 Lutzomyia longipalpis。符合条件的研究调查了季节性(5 项)、温度(19 项)、降水(13 项)、湿度(2 项)、植被存在或要求(13 项)、生态类型(7 项)和/或群落类型(即城市、郊区、农村)(5 项)等因素。研究发现,雨季时 Lutzomyia spp.的活性较高,气温在 20-25°C 之间时达到峰值。研究还发现 Lutzomyia spp.喜欢栖息在热带或亚热带森林中,这些森林的特点是没有明显的旱季,降水量大。虽然文献中似乎对某些生态要求(如季节性、温度和栖息地特征)达成了一些共识,但总体而言,该主题的公开研究还很缺乏。这给未来的研究带来了巨大挑战,因为未来的研究旨在预测在气候和土地利用变化的背景下 Lutzomyia spp.鉴于 Lutzomyia 与人类和动物健康的相关性,迫切需要对 Lutzomyia 进行更多的生态学研究。
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引用次数: 0
First record of ectoparasites (Phthiraptera and Acari) from the Andean condor (Vultur gryphus) in Colombia Primer registro de ectoparásitos (Phthiraptera y Acari) del Cóndor Andino (Vultur gryphus) en Colombia 哥伦比亚安第斯秃鹰(Vultur gryphus)体外寄生虫(Phthiraptera 和 Acari)的首次记录。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12743
Horwald A. B. Llano, Laura N. Robayo-Sánchez, Alejandro Ramírez-Hernández, Jesús A. Cortés-Vecino, Daisy A. Gómez-Ruiz, Julio C. Aguirre-Ramírez

Several species of ectoparasites, including chewing lice and mites are closely associated with their hosts. The Andean condor (Vultur gryphus) is globally listed as vulnerable by the IUCN and its population has been steadily declining in recent decades suggesting a potential extinction of associated entomofauna. The purpose of this study was to record the species of ectoparasites infesting three individuals of Andean condor found dead in the ‘Páramo del Almorzadero’ Santander Department, Northeastern Colombia. One juvenile (male) and two adults (male and female) Andean condors received for necropsy were carefully examined for ectoparasite infestation. Specimens were collected and preserved in ethanol (70%) for taxonomic studies. Morphologic identification and morphometric records were made under light microscopy. Some specimens were also prepared for scanning electron microscopy and others were subjected to DNA extraction to amplify and obtain sequences of the cytochrome-C oxidase subunit I (COI) gene for phylogenetic analyses. Lice were collected from the juvenile condor and the adult female and identified as Falcolipeurus assesor (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) in the juvenile condor (8 females, 19 males and 8 nymphs) and the adult (1 female); Colpocephalum trichosum (Phthiraptera: Amblycera) in the juvenile (19 females, 24 males and 1 nymph) and the adult (2 females, 2 males and 3 nymphs); and Cuculiphilus zonatus (Phthiraptera: Amblycera) in the juvenile (40 females, 43 males and 15 nymphs) and the adult (1 male and 2 nymphs). Moreover, one mite collected from the juvenile condor was identified as Ancyralges cathartinus (Acari: Astigmata) (1 female). Morphometric data was obtained for the adult stages of F. assesor (6 females and 13 males), C. trichosum (9 females and 9 males) and C. zonatus (10 females and 10 males). We obtained the first DNA sequences of COI for F. assessor, and C. trichosum, where phylogenetic tree analysis showed that F. assessor is more closely related to Falcolipeurus marginalis, and C. trichosum to Colpocephalum kelloggi. This represents the first record of parasites in Andean condor from Colombia and contributes to the knowledge of chewing lice and mites associated with an endemic and endangered bird species. Further studies on Andean condor ectoparasites should be focused on documenting host–parasite interactions and potential health impacts in these wild birds.

包括咀嚼虱和螨虫在内的几种体外寄生虫与宿主密切相关。安第斯秃鹫(Vultur gryphus)被世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)列为全球易危物种,近几十年来其数量持续下降,这表明与之相关的体内寄生虫可能会灭绝。本研究的目的是记录在哥伦比亚东北部桑坦德省 "Páramo del Almorzadero "发现的三只安第斯秃鹫尸体上寄生的外寄生虫种类。对接收的一只幼年(雄性)和两只成年(雄性和雌性)安第斯秃鹰的尸体进行了仔细的外寄生虫侵扰检查。采集的标本保存在乙醇(70%)中,用于分类研究。在光学显微镜下进行形态鉴定和形态计量记录。部分标本还准备用于扫描电子显微镜,其他标本则进行了 DNA 提取,以扩增并获得细胞色素-C 氧化酶亚单位 I(COI)基因的序列,用于系统发育分析。从秃鹰幼鸟和成年雌鸟身上采集的虱子被鉴定为秃鹰幼鸟(8 只雌鸟、19 只雄鸟和 8 只若虫)和成年雌鸟(1 只雌鸟)身上的 Falcolipeurus assesor(Phthiraptera: Ischnocera);秃鹰幼鸟身上的 Colpocephalum trichosum(Phthiraptera:Cuculiphiluszonatus(Phthiraptera:Amblycera),幼鸟(19 只雌鸟、24 只雄鸟和 1 只若虫)和成鸟(2 只雌鸟、2 只雄鸟和 3 只若虫);以及 Cuculiphilus zonatus(Phthiraptera:Amblycera),幼鸟(40 只雌鸟、43 只雄鸟和 15 只若虫)和成鸟(1 只雄鸟和 2 只若虫)。此外,从秃鹰幼鸟身上采集到的一只螨虫被鉴定为 Ancyralges cathartinus(Acari:Astigmata)(1 只雌螨)。我们获得了 F. assesor(6 只雌螨和 13 只雄螨)、C. trichosum(9 只雌螨和 9 只雄螨)和 C. zonatus(10 只雌螨和 10 只雄螨)的成螨形态数据。我们首次获得了 F. assessor 和 C. trichosum 的 COI DNA 序列,系统发生树分析表明 F. assessor 与 Falcolipeurus marginalis 的亲缘关系更近,而 C. trichosum 与 Colpocephalum kelloggi 的亲缘关系更近。这是哥伦比亚首次记录安第斯秃鹰体内的寄生虫,有助于了解与这种特有的濒危鸟类相关的嚼虱和螨虫。对安第斯秃鹰体外寄生虫的进一步研究应侧重于记录宿主与寄生虫之间的相互作用以及对这些野生鸟类健康的潜在影响。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of a mass trapping strategy to prevent mosquito nuisance in campsites of southern France 对法国南部露营地防止蚊虫滋扰的大规模诱捕战略进行评估。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12740
Paulina A. Pontifes, Jean-Baptiste Ferre, Jéremy Lavergne, Nicolas Sidos, David Roiz

Mosquito traps, historically used for surveillance and research, have gained prominence as a tool for mosquito control, amidst concern over the environmental impact and increased resistance to insecticide-based methods. In this study, we tested the effectiveness of a mass trapping barrier design with two types of traps, Mosquito Magnet (MM) traps and BG-Protector (BGP) traps. This experiment was conducted in three coastal camping areas in southern France between summer and autumn 2022, where the presence of floodwater mosquito species with anthropophilic preferences like Aedes caspius represents a year-long nuisance. MM traps were set around the campsite as a barrier to interfere with mosquitoes from entering the campsites, whereas BGP traps were set within the campsites, with the aim of diverting mosquitoes away from humans at peak activity hours. Over 210,000 mosquitoes of 11 species from 4 genera were collected by both trap types across treatment campsites, with no significant differences in mosquito community samplings between BGP and MM traps. Barrier traps effectively targeted Ae. caspius, reducing total mosquito abundance in two of the three study sites by 34% and 55%. This study provides valuable insights into the efficacy and feasibility of using mass trapping barriers as a complementary control strategy for mosquito species in wetlands.

蚊子诱捕器历来用于监测和研究,但随着对环境影响的担忧以及对杀虫剂方法的抗药性的增加,它作为一种蚊子控制工具的地位日益突出。在这项研究中,我们用两种类型的诱捕器,即蚊子磁铁(MM)诱捕器和 BG-保护器(BGP)诱捕器,测试了大规模诱捕屏障设计的有效性。该实验于 2022 年夏季至秋季在法国南部的三个沿海露营区进行,在这些露营区,像卡皮伊蚊这样具有嗜人偏好的洪水蚊种常年滋扰。MM诱捕器设置在露营地周围,作为干扰蚊子进入露营地的屏障,而BGP诱捕器则设置在露营地内,目的是在活动高峰期将蚊子从人类身边引开。两种类型的诱捕器都在处理过的营地收集到了 4 个属 11 个种的 21 万多只蚊子,BGP 和 MM 型诱捕器在蚊子群落采样方面没有显著差异。阻隔性诱捕器有效地针对了食蚁兽,使三个研究地点中两个地点的蚊子总数量分别减少了 34% 和 55%。这项研究为使用大规模障碍物诱捕器作为湿地蚊虫物种的辅助控制策略的有效性和可行性提供了宝贵的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Clash of mosquito wings: Larval interspecific competition among the mosquitoes, Culex pipiens, Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti reveals complex population dynamics in shared habitats 蚊子翅膀的碰撞:喙库蚊、白纹伊蚊和埃及伊蚊之间的幼虫种间竞争揭示了共同生境中复杂的种群动态。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12742
Fatma Bursali, Derya Ulug, Mustapha Touray

Globalisation, climate change and international trade are the factors contributing to the spread of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) and Ae. aegypti into new areas. In newly invaded habitats, these non-native species can serve as arbovirus disease vectors or increase the risk of disease spill over. These mosquitoes continue to emerge in new areas where they have or will have overlapping ranges with other resident mosquito species. The study investigates how invasive Aedes mosquitoes compete with the native Culex pipiens in Türkiye, which might affect the overall mosquito population dynamics and disease transmission risks. Both Aedes species exhibited contrasting responses to interspecific competition with Cx. pipiens. While Ae. albopictus suffers reduced emergence primarily in larger containers with abundant food, Ae. aegypti surprisingly thrives in mixed cultures under all food conditions. Adult Cx. pipiens emergence drops by half against Ae. albopictus and under specific conditions with Ae. aegypti. Competition influences mosquito size differently across species and life stages. Culex pipiens females grow larger when competing with Ae. aegypti, potentially indicating resource advantage or compensatory strategies. However, Ae. albopictus size shows more nuanced responses, suggesting complex interactions at play. Understanding how invasive and native mosquitoes interact with each other can provide insights into how they adapt and coexist in shared habitats. This knowledge can inform effective control strategies. The study highlights the differential responses of invasive Aedes species and the potential for managing populations based on their competitive interactions with the native Cx. pipiens. It can contribute to improved monitoring and prediction systems for the spread of invasive mosquitoes and the associated disease risks.

全球化、气候变化和国际贸易是白纹伊蚊(双翅目:Culicidae)和埃及伊蚊向新地区扩散的因素。在新入侵的栖息地,这些非本地物种可能成为虫媒病毒疾病的传播媒介,或增加疾病蔓延的风险。这些蚊子不断出现在新的地区,它们已经或将要与其他常驻蚊子物种的活动范围重叠。这项研究调查了入侵伊蚊如何与图尔基耶的本地库蚊竞争,这可能会影响整个蚊子种群动态和疾病传播风险。两种伊蚊在与喙库蚊的种间竞争中表现出截然不同的反应。白纹伊蚊主要是在食物丰富的较大容器中出现率较低,而埃及伊蚊则在所有食物条件下的混合培养中出人意料地茁壮成长。在与白纹伊蚊的竞争中,琵线蝇成虫的出现率下降了一半,而在与埃及伊蚊的特定条件下,琵线蝇成虫的出现率也下降了一半。竞争对不同物种和生命阶段的蚊子体型的影响不同。喙库蚊雌蚊在与埃及伊蚊竞争时体型变大,这可能表明资源优势或补偿策略。然而,白纹伊蚊的体型则表现出更细微的反应,这表明存在着复杂的相互作用。了解入侵蚊子和本地蚊子如何相互作用,可以让人们了解它们如何适应和共存于共同的栖息地。这些知识可以为有效的控制策略提供依据。这项研究强调了入侵伊蚊物种的不同反应,以及根据它们与本地喙蚊的竞争性相互作用来管理种群的潜力。该研究有助于改进对入侵蚊子传播及相关疾病风险的监测和预测系统。
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引用次数: 0
Are Rattus rattus fleas invasive? Evaluation of flea communities in invasive and native rodents in Chile 鼠蚤是入侵性的吗?评估智利入侵啮齿动物和本地啮齿动物中的跳蚤群落。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12739
Nicol Lizama-Schmeisser, Elaine Serafin de Castro, Mario Espinoza-Carniglia, Yessica Herrera, María Carolina Silva-de La Fuente, Marcela Lareschi, Lucila Moreno

Co-invasion, characterized by the simultaneous introduction of hosts and parasites with the latter establishing themselves in native hosts, is a phenomenon of ecological concern. Rattus rattus, a notorious invasive species, has driven the extinction and displacement of numerous avian and mammalian species and serves as a key vector for diseases affecting both humans and wildlife. Among the parasites hosted by R. rattus are fleas, which exhibit obligate parasitic behaviour, a generalist nature and high prevalence, increasing the likelihood of flea invasion. Simultaneously, invasive species can serve as hosts for native parasites, leading to potential amplification or dilution of parasite populations in the environment. In Chile, R. rattus has been present since the 17th century because of the arrival of the Spanish colonizers through the ports and has spread throughout urban, rural and wild Chilean territories. This study aims to evaluate whether co-invasion of native fleas of invasive rats occurs on native rodents in Chile and to determine whether black rats have acquired flea native to Chile during their invasion. For this, we captured 1132 rodents from 26 localities (20° S–53° S). Rattus rattus was found coexisting with 11 native rodent species and two species of introduced rodents. Among the native rodents, Abrothrix olivacea and Oligoryzomys longicaudatus exhibited more extensive sympatry with R. rattus. We identified 14 flea species associated with R. rattus, of which only three were native to rats: Xenopsylla cheopis, Leptopsylla segnis and Nosopsyllus fasciatus. These three species presented a higher parasite load in black rats compared to native fleas. Leptopsylla segnis and N. fasciatus were also found associated with native rodent species that cohabit with R. rattus. The remaining species associated with R. rattus were fleas of native rodents, although they were less abundant compared to those associated with native rodents, except for Neotyphloceras pardinasi and Sphinctopsylla ares. Although there has been evidence of flea transmission from rats to native species, the prevalence and abundance were relatively low. Therefore, it cannot be definitively concluded that these fleas have established themselves in native rodent populations, and hence, they cannot be classified as invasive fleas. This study underscores R. rattus’ adaptability to diverse environmental and geographical conditions in Chile, including its capacity to acquire fleas from native rodents. This aspect has critical implications for public health, potentially facilitating the spread of pathogens across various habitats where these rats are found.

共同入侵的特点是同时引入宿主和寄生虫,后者在本地宿主中建立自己的地位,这是一个令人担忧的生态现象。鼠类是一种臭名昭著的入侵物种,它已导致许多鸟类和哺乳动物物种灭绝和迁移,并成为影响人类和野生动物疾病的主要媒介。鼠蚤寄生的寄生虫中包括跳蚤,它们表现出强制性寄生行为、通性和高流行率,增加了跳蚤入侵的可能性。同时,入侵物种可以作为本地寄生虫的宿主,导致环境中寄生虫种群的潜在扩大或稀释。在智利,由于西班牙殖民者通过港口抵达,鼠蚤自 17 世纪以来就一直存在,并已遍布智利的城市、农村和野生区域。本研究旨在评估入侵鼠的本地跳蚤是否同时入侵智利本地啮齿动物,并确定黑鼠在入侵过程中是否获得了智利本地跳蚤。为此,我们从 26 个地点(南纬 20 度-53 度)捕获了 1132 只啮齿动物。结果发现,黑鼠与 11 种本地啮齿动物和 2 种外来啮齿动物共存。在本地啮齿动物中,Abrothrix olivacea和Oligoryzomys longicaudatus与Rattus有更广泛的共生关系。我们发现了 14 种与鼠类相关的跳蚤,其中只有 3 种是鼠类的原生跳蚤:Xenopsylla cheopis、Leptopsylla segnis 和 Nosopsyllus fasciatus。与本地跳蚤相比,这三种跳蚤在黑鼠体内的寄生虫量更大。还发现 Leptopsylla segnis 和 N. fasciatus 与与 R. rattus 共存的本地啮齿动物物种有关。除了 Neotyphloceras pardinasi 和 Sphinctopsylla ares 外,其余与 R. rattus 相关的物种都是本地啮齿类动物的跳蚤,但与本地啮齿类动物相关的跳蚤数量较少。虽然有证据表明跳蚤从老鼠传播到本地物种,但其流行率和数量都相对较低。因此,还不能明确断定这些跳蚤已经在本地啮齿动物种群中建立了自己的地位,因此不能将它们归类为入侵跳蚤。这项研究强调了鼠蚤对智利各种环境和地理条件的适应能力,包括从本地啮齿动物身上获取跳蚤的能力。这对公共卫生具有重要影响,可能会促进病原体在这些老鼠出没的不同栖息地传播。
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引用次数: 0
Correction to “An investigation of acaricidal activity of benzyl alcohol on Rhipicephalus annulatus and Rhipicephalus sanguineus and its synergistic or antagonistic interaction with commonly used acaricides” 对 "苯甲醇对环斑笛蝉和笛蝉的杀螨活性及其与常用杀螨剂的协同或拮抗作用的研究 "的更正。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12737

Aboelhadid, S.M., Ibrahium, S.M., Abdel-Baki, A.S., Hassan, K.M., Arafa, W.M., Aboud, H.M. et al. (2024) An investigation of the acaricidal activity of benzyl alcohol on Rhipicephalus annulatus and Rhipicephalus sanguineus and its synergistic or antagonistic interaction with commonly used acaricides. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 38(1), 1–12. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/mve.12698

In the affiliation of the author Khaled Mahmoud Hassan, the institution ‘Department of Animal Health Research Institute, Beni-Suef, Egypt’ was incorrect. This should read: Department of Parasitology, Beni-Suef Laboratory, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Beni-Suef, Egypt.

We apologize for this error.

Aboelhadid, S.M., Ibrahium, S.M., Abdel-Baki, A.S., Hassan, K.M., Arafa, W.M., Aboud, H.M. et al. (2024) An investigation of the acaricidal activity of benzyl alcohol on Rhipicephalus annulatus and Rhipicephalus sanguineus and its synergistic or antagonistic interaction with commonly used acaricides.医学与兽医昆虫学》,38(1),1-12。https://doi.org/10.1111/mve.12698In 作者 Khaled Mahmoud Hassan 的单位 "Department of Animal Health Research Institute, Beni-Suef, Egypt "有误。应改为我们对这一错误深表歉意。
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引用次数: 0
Correction to “D-limonene nanoemulsion: Lousicidal activity, stability, and effect on the cuticle of Columbicola columbae” 更正 "D-柠檬烯纳米乳液:杀鼠活性、稳定性和对哥伦布虫角质层的影响"。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12736

Gadelhaq, S.M., Aboelhadid, S.M., Abdel-Baki, A.S., Hassan, K.M., Arafa, W.M., Ibrahium, S.M. et al. (2023) D-limonene nanoemulsion: lousicidal activity, stability, and effect on the cuticle of Columbicola columbae. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 37(1), 63–75. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/mve.12607

In the affiliation of the author Khaled Mahmoud Hassan, the institution ‘Department of Animal Health Research Institute, Beni-Suef, Egypt’ was incorrect. This should read: Department of Parasitology, Beni-Suef Laboratory, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Beni-Suef, Egypt.

We apologize for this error.

Gadelhaq,S.M.,Aboelhadid,S.M.,Abdel-Baki,A.S.,Hassan,K.M.,Arafa,W.M.,Ibrahium,S.M. et al. (2023) D-柠檬烯纳米乳液:杀螨活性、稳定性及对哥伦布螨角质层的影响。医学与兽医昆虫学》,37(1),63-75。https://doi.org/10.1111/mve.12607In 作者 Khaled Mahmoud Hassan 的单位 "Department of Animal Health Research Institute, Beni-Suef, Egypt "有误。应为我们对这一错误深表歉意。
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引用次数: 0
Climate correlates of bluetongue incidence in southern Portugal 葡萄牙南部蓝舌病发病率与气候的关系
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12738
Frederico Mestre, Ana Luísa Pereira, Miguel B. Araújo

Model forecasts of the spatiotemporal occurrence dynamics of diseases are necessary and can help understand and thus manage future disease outbreaks. In our study, we used ecological niche modelling to assess the impact of climate on the vector suitability for bluetongue disease, a disease affecting livestock production with important economic consequences. Specifically, we investigated the relationship between the occurrence of bluetongue outbreaks and the environmental suitability of each of the four vector species studied. We found that the main vector for bluetongue disease, Culicoides imicola, a typically tropical and subtropical species, was a strong predictor for disease outbreak occurrence in a region of southern Portugal from 2004 to 2021. The results highlight the importance of understanding the climatic factors that might influence vector presence to help manage infectious disease impacts. When diseases impact economically relevant species, the impacts go beyond mortality and have important economic consequences.

对疾病的时空发生动态进行模型预测很有必要,这有助于了解并进而管理未来的疾病爆发。在我们的研究中,我们使用生态位建模来评估气候对蓝舌病病媒适宜性的影响,蓝舌病是一种影响畜牧业生产并造成重要经济后果的疾病。具体来说,我们调查了蓝舌病爆发与所研究的四种病媒的环境适宜性之间的关系。我们发现,蓝舌病的主要传播媒介 Culicoides imicola(一种典型的热带和亚热带物种)是 2004 年至 2021 年葡萄牙南部地区蓝舌病爆发发生的有力预测因素。这些结果凸显了了解可能影响病媒存在的气候因素的重要性,有助于管理传染病的影响。当疾病影响到经济上相关的物种时,其影响不仅仅是死亡率,还会产生重要的经济后果。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Medical and Veterinary Entomology
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