Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.12989/MWT.2021.12.1.001
Minsu Jung, M. Yaqub, Wontae Lee
This study optimized the chemical cleaning process of discarded RO membranes for reuse in less demanding separation processes. The effect of physicochemical parameters, including the temperature, cleaning time, pH of the cleaning solution, and addition of additives, on the cleaning process was investigated. The membrane performance was evaluated by testing the flux recovery rate and salt rejection before and after the cleaning process. High temperatures (45-50oC) resulted in a better flux recovery rate of 71% with more than 80% salt rejection. Equal time for acid and base cleaning 3-3 h presented a 72.43% flux recovery rate with salt rejection above 85%. During acid and base cleaning, the best results were achieved at pH values of 3.0 and 12.0, respectively. Moreover, 0.05% concentration of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid presented 72.3% flux recovery, while 69.2% flux was achieved using sodium dodecyl sulfate with a concentration of 0.5%; both showed >80% salt rejection, indicating no damage to the active layer of the membrane. Conversely, 0.5% concentration of sodium percarbonate showed 83.1% flux recovery and 0.005% concentration of sodium hypochlorite presented 85.2% flux recovery, while a high concentration of these chemicals resulted in oxidation of the membrane that caused a reduction in salt rejection.
{"title":"Optimization of chemical cleaning of discarded reverse osmosis membranes for reuse","authors":"Minsu Jung, M. Yaqub, Wontae Lee","doi":"10.12989/MWT.2021.12.1.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/MWT.2021.12.1.001","url":null,"abstract":"This study optimized the chemical cleaning process of discarded RO membranes for reuse in less demanding separation processes. The effect of physicochemical parameters, including the temperature, cleaning time, pH of the cleaning solution, and addition of additives, on the cleaning process was investigated. The membrane performance was evaluated by testing the flux recovery rate and salt rejection before and after the cleaning process. High temperatures (45-50oC) resulted in a better flux recovery rate of 71% with more than 80% salt rejection. Equal time for acid and base cleaning 3-3 h presented a 72.43% flux recovery rate with salt rejection above 85%. During acid and base cleaning, the best results were achieved at pH values of 3.0 and 12.0, respectively. Moreover, 0.05% concentration of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid presented 72.3% flux recovery, while 69.2% flux was achieved using sodium dodecyl sulfate with a concentration of 0.5%; both showed >80% salt rejection, indicating no damage to the active layer of the membrane. Conversely, 0.5% concentration of sodium percarbonate showed 83.1% flux recovery and 0.005% concentration of sodium hypochlorite presented 85.2% flux recovery, while a high concentration of these chemicals resulted in oxidation of the membrane that caused a reduction in salt rejection.","PeriodicalId":18416,"journal":{"name":"Membrane Water Treatment","volume":"12 1","pages":"001"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66495066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.12989/MWT.2021.12.1.043
D. S. Lakshmi, M. Saxena, Shivakarthik Ekambaram, B. Sivaraman
The Commercial polymeric membranes like Polysulfone (PSF), Polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) and Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) which are an integral part of water purification investigation were chosen for the shockwave (SW) exposure experiment. These membranes were prepared by blending polymer (wt. %) / DMF (solvent) followed by phaseinversion casting technique. Shockwaves are generated by using Reddy Tube lab module (Table-top Shocktube) with range of pressure (1.5, 2.5 and 5 bar). Understanding the changes in membrane before and after shock wave treatment by parameters, i.e., pure water flux (PWF), rejection (%), porosity, surface roughness (AFM), morphology (SEM) and contact angle which can significantly affect the membrane's performance. Flux values PSf membranes shows increase, 465 (pristine) to 524 (1.5wt%) LMH at 50 Psi pressure and similar enhancement was observed at 100Psi (625 to 696 LMH). Porosity also shows improvement from 73.6% to 76.84% for 15wt% PSf membranes. It was observed that membranes made of polymers such as PAN and PSF (of high w/w %) exhibits some resistance against shockwaves impact and are stable compared to other membranes. Shockwave pressure of up to 1.5 bar was sufficient enough to change properties which are crucial for performance. Membranes exposed to a maximum pressure of 5 bar completely scratched the surface and with minimum pressure of 1.5bar is optimum enough to improve the water flux and other parameters. Initial results proved that SW may be suitable alternative route to minimize/control membrane fouling and improve efficiency.
{"title":"Exploration of shockwaves on polymeric membranephysical properties and performance","authors":"D. S. Lakshmi, M. Saxena, Shivakarthik Ekambaram, B. Sivaraman","doi":"10.12989/MWT.2021.12.1.043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/MWT.2021.12.1.043","url":null,"abstract":"The Commercial polymeric membranes like Polysulfone (PSF), Polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) and Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) which are an integral part of water purification investigation were chosen for the shockwave (SW) exposure experiment. These membranes were prepared by blending polymer (wt. %) / DMF (solvent) followed by phase\u0002inversion casting technique. Shockwaves are generated by using Reddy Tube lab module (Table-top Shocktube) with range of pressure (1.5, 2.5 and 5 bar). Understanding the changes in membrane before and after shock wave treatment by parameters, i.e., pure water flux (PWF), rejection (%), porosity, surface roughness (AFM), morphology (SEM) and contact angle which can significantly affect the membrane's performance. Flux values PSf membranes shows increase, 465 (pristine) to 524 (1.5wt%) LMH at 50 Psi pressure and similar enhancement was observed at 100Psi (625 to 696 LMH). Porosity also shows improvement from 73.6% to 76.84% for 15wt% PSf membranes. It was observed that membranes made of polymers such as PAN and PSF (of high w/w %) exhibits some resistance against shockwaves impact and are stable compared to other membranes. Shockwave pressure of up to 1.5 bar was sufficient enough to change properties which are crucial for performance. Membranes exposed to a maximum pressure of 5 bar completely scratched the surface and with minimum pressure of 1.5bar is optimum enough to improve the water flux and other parameters. Initial results proved that SW may be suitable alternative route to minimize/control membrane fouling and improve efficiency.","PeriodicalId":18416,"journal":{"name":"Membrane Water Treatment","volume":"12 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66495701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.12989/MWT.2021.12.1.037
Zhipeng Tang, Yongbin Zhang
This paper presents the multiscale calculation results of the very fast volume transport in micro/nano cylindrical tubes with the wall slippage. There simultaneously occurs the adsorbed layer flow and the intermediate continuum fluid flow which are respectively on different scales. The modeled fluid is water and the tube wall is somewhat hydrophobic. The calculation shows that the power loss on the tube no more than 1.0 Watt/m can generate the wall slippage even if the fluid-tube wall interfacial shear strength is 1 MPa; The power loss on the scale 104 Watt/m produces the volume flow rate through the tube more than one hundred times higher than the classical hydrodynamic theory calculation even if the fluid-tube wall interfacial shear strength is 1 MPa. When the wall slippage occurs, the volume flow rate through the tube is in direct proportion to the power loss on the tube but in inverse proportion to the fluid-tube wall interfacial shear strength. For low interfacial shear strengths such as no more than 1 kPa, the transport in the tube appears very fast with the magnitude more than 4 orders higher than the classical calculation if the power loss on the tube is on the scale 104 Watt/m.
本文给出了考虑壁面滑移的微纳圆柱管内快速体积输运的多尺度计算结果。同时存在不同尺度的吸附层流动和中间连续流体流动。模拟的流体是水，管壁有点疏水。计算表明，当流体-管壁界面抗剪强度为1 MPa时，管壁上功率损失不大于1.0 w /m即可产生管壁滑移;在功率损失为104瓦特/米的情况下，即使流体-管壁界面抗剪强度为1 MPa，通过管道的体积流量也比经典流体力学理论计算高出100倍以上。当管壁发生滑移时，管道的体积流量与管道上的功率损失成正比，而与流体-管壁界面剪切强度成反比。当界面剪切强度较低，如不大于1kpa时，管内输运速度非常快，功率损失为104瓦/米时，输运量比经典计算值高出4个数量级以上。
{"title":"Fast transport with wall slippage","authors":"Zhipeng Tang, Yongbin Zhang","doi":"10.12989/MWT.2021.12.1.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/MWT.2021.12.1.037","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the multiscale calculation results of the very fast volume transport in micro/nano cylindrical tubes with the wall slippage. There simultaneously occurs the adsorbed layer flow and the intermediate continuum fluid flow which are respectively on different scales. The modeled fluid is water and the tube wall is somewhat hydrophobic. The calculation shows that the power loss on the tube no more than 1.0 Watt/m can generate the wall slippage even if the fluid-tube wall interfacial shear strength is 1 MPa; The power loss on the scale 104 Watt/m produces the volume flow rate through the tube more than one hundred times higher than the classical hydrodynamic theory calculation even if the fluid-tube wall interfacial shear strength is 1 MPa. When the wall slippage occurs, the volume flow rate through the tube is in direct proportion to the power loss on the tube but in inverse proportion to the fluid-tube wall interfacial shear strength. For low interfacial shear strengths such as no more than 1 kPa, the transport in the tube appears very fast with the magnitude more than 4 orders higher than the classical calculation if the power loss on the tube is on the scale 104 Watt/m.","PeriodicalId":18416,"journal":{"name":"Membrane Water Treatment","volume":"12 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66495518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.12989/MWT.2021.12.1.023
A. Topaloğlu, Y. Yildirim
A POM-membrane was fabricated by immobilizing a keggin type polyoxometalate (POM) H5PV2Mo10O40 onto the surface of microporous flat-sheet polymeric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVFD) membrane using a chemical deposition method. The POM-membrane was characterized by FT-IR, SEM and EDX to confirm existing of the POM onto the membrane surface. The POM-membrane was used to remove an anionic textile dye (Reactive Black 5 named as an RB5) from aqueous phases with a cross-flow membrane filtration and a batch adsorption system. The dye removal efficiency of the POM-membrane using the cross-flow membrane filtration system and the batch adsorption system was about 88% and 98%, respectively. The influence factors such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, pH, and initial dye concentration were investigated to understand the adsorption mechanism of the RB5 dye onto the POM-membrane. To find the best fitting isotherm model, Langmuir, Freundlich, BET and Harkins-Jura isotherm models were used to analyze the experimental data. The isotherm analysis showed that the Langmuir isotherm model was found to the best fit for the adsorption data (R 2=0.9982, qmax=24.87 mg/g). Also, adsorption kinetic models showed the pseudo second order kinetic model was found the best model to fit the experimental data (R2=0.9989, q=8.29 mg/g, C0=15 ppm). Moreover, after four times regeneration with HNO3 acid, the POM-membrane showed high regenerability without losing dye adsorption capacity.
{"title":"Removal of reactive black 5 dye by using polyoxometalate-membrane","authors":"A. Topaloğlu, Y. Yildirim","doi":"10.12989/MWT.2021.12.1.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/MWT.2021.12.1.023","url":null,"abstract":"A POM-membrane was fabricated by immobilizing a keggin type polyoxometalate (POM) H5PV2Mo10O40 onto the surface of microporous flat-sheet polymeric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVFD) membrane using a chemical deposition method. The POM-membrane was characterized by FT-IR, SEM and EDX to confirm existing of the POM onto the membrane surface. The POM-membrane was used to remove an anionic textile dye (Reactive Black 5 named as an RB5) from aqueous phases with a cross-flow membrane filtration and a batch adsorption system. The dye removal efficiency of the POM-membrane using the cross-flow membrane filtration system and the batch adsorption system was about 88% and 98%, respectively. The influence factors such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, pH, and initial dye concentration were investigated to understand the adsorption mechanism of the RB5 dye onto the POM-membrane. To find the best fitting isotherm model, Langmuir, Freundlich, BET and Harkins-Jura isotherm models were used to analyze the experimental data. The isotherm analysis showed that the Langmuir isotherm model was found to the best fit for the adsorption data (R 2=0.9982, qmax=24.87 mg/g). Also, adsorption kinetic models showed the pseudo second order kinetic model was found the best model to fit the experimental data (R2=0.9989, q=8.29 mg/g, C0=15 ppm). Moreover, after four times regeneration with HNO3 acid, the POM-membrane showed high regenerability without losing dye adsorption capacity.","PeriodicalId":18416,"journal":{"name":"Membrane Water Treatment","volume":"12 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66495310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.12989/MWT.2021.12.1.011
Nurcan Öztürk, Murat Yazar, A. Gundogdu, C. Duran, H. Şentürk, M. Soylak
A novel activated carbon produced from cherry laurel (Laurocerasus officinalisRoem.) seeds (CLSAC) by chemical activation with ZnCl2 was used as an adsorbent to remove Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solutions. CLSAC was characterized by several techniques and the adsorption experiments were performed in a batch model adsorption technique. The effects of various experimental parameters were investigated as a function of solution pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) concentration, CLSAC concentration, and temperature. The monolayer adsorption capacity of CLSAC was found to be 41.67 mg g-1 for 5.0 g L-1 of CLSAC concentration and, it was concluded that CLSAC can be used as an effective adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) from waters and wastewaters.
以樱桃月桂(Laurocerasus officinalisRoem.)种子(CLSAC)为原料，采用ZnCl2化学活化法制备了一种新型活性炭作为吸附剂去除水中的Cr(VI)离子。采用多种技术对CLSAC进行了表征，并在间歇式模型吸附技术下进行了吸附实验。考察了不同实验参数对溶液pH、接触时间、初始Cr(VI)浓度、CLSAC浓度和温度的影响。当CLSAC浓度为5.0 g L-1时，CLSAC的单层吸附量为41.67 mg g-1，可以作为一种有效的水、废水中Cr(VI)的吸附剂。
{"title":"Application of cherry laurel seeds activated carbon as a new adsorbent for Cr(VI) removal","authors":"Nurcan Öztürk, Murat Yazar, A. Gundogdu, C. Duran, H. Şentürk, M. Soylak","doi":"10.12989/MWT.2021.12.1.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/MWT.2021.12.1.011","url":null,"abstract":"A novel activated carbon produced from cherry laurel (Laurocerasus officinalisRoem.) seeds (CLSAC) by chemical activation with ZnCl2 was used as an adsorbent to remove Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solutions. CLSAC was characterized by several techniques and the adsorption experiments were performed in a batch model adsorption technique. The effects of various experimental parameters were investigated as a function of solution pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) concentration, CLSAC concentration, and temperature. The monolayer adsorption capacity of CLSAC was found to be 41.67 mg g-1 for 5.0 g L-1 of CLSAC concentration and, it was concluded that CLSAC can be used as an effective adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) from waters and wastewaters.","PeriodicalId":18416,"journal":{"name":"Membrane Water Treatment","volume":"12 1","pages":"011"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66495138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.12989/MWT.2020.11.6.391
H. Yoon, Y. Lim, S. Maeng, Yongsuk Hong, S. Byun, Hyun-Chul Kim, Byoungsoo Kim, Sungpyo Kim
In recent years, the generation of disinfectant by-products (DBPs) in drinking water system has been highlighted for their potential negative impact on humans. A commonly used disinfectant, chlorine, produces a by-product which is highly hazardous and a known carcinogen. This study investigated the toxic effects of DBPs from several organic matter as a function of contact time with chlorine-based disinfectants were investigated using zebrafish. The results indicated that the generation of DBPs was dependent on the composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in water. Suwannee river natural organic matter and experimental site water sample (complex DOM) were almost 2.5 times higher than that of a single dissolved organic matter, such as microcystin-LR (MCLR) at 120 min. The behavior of zebrafish was significantly affected by complex composition DOM. In vivo biomarker analysis result from lipid profile analysis, reaction in vivo showed different depending on the composition of the DOM. Through this study, the effect of DBPs were observed via lipid metabolic and movement changes in aquatic organisms can be considered as a new biomarker for the drinking water risk assessment.
{"title":"Impact of DBPs on the fate of zebrafish; Behavioral and lipid profile changes","authors":"H. Yoon, Y. Lim, S. Maeng, Yongsuk Hong, S. Byun, Hyun-Chul Kim, Byoungsoo Kim, Sungpyo Kim","doi":"10.12989/MWT.2020.11.6.391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/MWT.2020.11.6.391","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the generation of disinfectant by-products (DBPs) in drinking water system has been highlighted for their potential negative impact on humans. A commonly used disinfectant, chlorine, produces a by-product which is highly hazardous and a known carcinogen. This study investigated the toxic effects of DBPs from several organic matter as a function of contact time with chlorine-based disinfectants were investigated using zebrafish. The results indicated that the generation of DBPs was dependent on the composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in water. Suwannee river natural organic matter and experimental site water sample (complex DOM) were almost 2.5 times higher than that of a single dissolved organic matter, such as microcystin-LR (MCLR) at 120 min. The behavior of zebrafish was significantly affected by complex composition DOM. In vivo biomarker analysis result from lipid profile analysis, reaction in vivo showed different depending on the composition of the DOM. Through this study, the effect of DBPs were observed via lipid metabolic and movement changes in aquatic organisms can be considered as a new biomarker for the drinking water risk assessment.","PeriodicalId":18416,"journal":{"name":"Membrane Water Treatment","volume":"11 1","pages":"391"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44631250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.12989/MWT.2020.11.6.375
Ezgi Bezirhan Arikan, Yasin Ozay, B. Unal, V. Vatanpour, N. Dizge
In this study, household waste plastic garbage bag recycling industry wastewater was treated by a membrane process to recycle water for using in the bags washing process. Two different ultrafiltration (UP150 and UP005) and nanofiltration (NF270 and NF90) membranes were tested. The steady-state permeate flux was obtained 14.9 and 19.2 L/m2.h at 5 bar for UP150 and UP005 membranes, respectively. However, the steady-state permeate flux was 12.9 and 8.9 L/m2.h at 20 bar for NF270 and NF90 membranes, respectively. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) was also tested for all membrane permeates and the highest COD removal efficiency was obtained for NF90 membrane. Thus, optimization was carried out using NF90 membrane and the effect of transmembrane pressure (10, 20, 30 bar) and solution pH (5, 7, 9) on COD removal efficiency was tested. The results showed that the highest steady-state permeate flux (23.5 L/m2.h) and COD removal efficiency (95.1%) were obtained at 30 bar and pH 9. After the optimization of the membrane type and operating conditions, 75% recovery was obtained to re-use in the bags washing process. The concentrate stream was treated by an activated sludge process to manage membrane concentrate and to provide discharge standards. The maximum COD removal efficiency in biological treatment for membrane concentrate stream was 96.2% under steady-state condition using a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) operated at 10 days of sludge retention time and 12 h of hydraulic retention time. The proposed combined process including membrane and activated sludge processes was successfully used to recover wastewater.
{"title":"Treatability of household waste plastic garbage bag recycling industry wastewater with membrane","authors":"Ezgi Bezirhan Arikan, Yasin Ozay, B. Unal, V. Vatanpour, N. Dizge","doi":"10.12989/MWT.2020.11.6.375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/MWT.2020.11.6.375","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, household waste plastic garbage bag recycling industry wastewater was treated by a membrane process to recycle water for using in the bags washing process. Two different ultrafiltration (UP150 and UP005) and nanofiltration (NF270 and NF90) membranes were tested. The steady-state permeate flux was obtained 14.9 and 19.2 L/m2.h at 5 bar for UP150 and UP005 membranes, respectively. However, the steady-state permeate flux was 12.9 and 8.9 L/m2.h at 20 bar for NF270 and NF90 membranes, respectively. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) was also tested for all membrane permeates and the highest COD removal efficiency was obtained for NF90 membrane. Thus, optimization was carried out using NF90 membrane and the effect of transmembrane pressure (10, 20, 30 bar) and solution pH (5, 7, 9) on COD removal efficiency was tested. The results showed that the highest steady-state permeate flux (23.5 L/m2.h) and COD removal efficiency (95.1%) were obtained at 30 bar and pH 9. After the optimization of the membrane type and operating conditions, 75% recovery was obtained to re-use in the bags washing process. The concentrate stream was treated by an activated sludge process to manage membrane concentrate and to provide discharge standards. The maximum COD removal efficiency in biological treatment for membrane concentrate stream was 96.2% under steady-state condition using a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) operated at 10 days of sludge retention time and 12 h of hydraulic retention time. The proposed combined process including membrane and activated sludge processes was successfully used to recover wastewater.","PeriodicalId":18416,"journal":{"name":"Membrane Water Treatment","volume":"11 1","pages":"375"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45122343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.12989/MWT.2020.11.6.407
Aqsa Naz, H. Masood, Samreen Ehsan, Tayyab Tahir
In the present research, batch adsorption of anionic dye such as Acid Black 1 (AB1) in aqueous solution onto biosorbent Acacia concinna was investigated at room temperature. The effect of various physico-chemical parameters such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration and temperature on the percentage removal of dye were investigated. Adsorption kinetics was investigated using linear and nonlinear form of pseudo first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models but experimental data for adsorption of AB1 dye in aqueous mixture onto biosorbent Acacia concinna was fitted well to pseudo-second order model with maximum value of regression coefficient (0.9995). Linear and nonlinear forms of Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin, and Dubinin– Radushkevich (D–R) were used to reveal experimental data but experimental data for adsorption of AB1 dye in aqueous mixture onto biosorbent Acacia concinna fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm model with adsorption capacity 3.21✕10-4 Adsorption thermodynamic study showed that adsorption of AB1 dye onto adsorbent Acacia concinna was endothermic and spontaneous process. This study revealed that biosorbent Acacia concinna was good biosorbent for removal of dyes from aqueous solution.
{"title":"Removal of acid black 1 by Acacia Concinna; adsorption kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamic study","authors":"Aqsa Naz, H. Masood, Samreen Ehsan, Tayyab Tahir","doi":"10.12989/MWT.2020.11.6.407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/MWT.2020.11.6.407","url":null,"abstract":"In the present research, batch adsorption of anionic dye such as Acid Black 1 (AB1) in aqueous solution onto biosorbent Acacia concinna was investigated at room temperature. The effect of various physico-chemical parameters such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration and temperature on the percentage removal of dye were investigated. Adsorption kinetics was investigated using linear and nonlinear form of pseudo first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models but experimental data for adsorption of AB1 dye in aqueous mixture onto biosorbent Acacia concinna was fitted well to pseudo-second order model with maximum value of regression coefficient (0.9995). Linear and nonlinear forms of Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin, and Dubinin– Radushkevich (D–R) were used to reveal experimental data but experimental data for adsorption of AB1 dye in aqueous mixture onto biosorbent Acacia concinna fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm model with adsorption capacity 3.21✕10-4 Adsorption thermodynamic study showed that adsorption of AB1 dye onto adsorbent Acacia concinna was endothermic and spontaneous process. This study revealed that biosorbent Acacia concinna was good biosorbent for removal of dyes from aqueous solution.","PeriodicalId":18416,"journal":{"name":"Membrane Water Treatment","volume":"11 1","pages":"407-416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45087906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.12989/MWT.2020.11.6.383
S. Kertész, Szabolcs Gyula Szerencsés, G. Veréb, J. Csanádi, Z. László, C. Hodúr
Before discharge into sewage or living waters, dairy effluents need to be effectively treated to meet the requirements defined by environmental protection regulations. In addition to the commonly used technologies, membrane separation might offer a novel solution with many remarkable advantages. Although membrane fouling often limits its industrial scale application, module vibration can reduce membrane fouling. In this study, multi-stage membrane separations with ultrafiltration (UF), as pre-filtration, and nanofiltration (NF) were investigated. On the one hand, our aim was to separate the wastewater to reach the cleanest permeate possible, on the other hand to achieve the highest organic content in the smallest volume for further energetic utilization. Firstly, with one-stage separations the effects of Vibratory Shear Enhanced Processing (VSEP) on shear rate, fluxes and rejections were investigated. These tests revealed that vibration has a positive effect on fluxes and rejections. Secondly, two types of multi-stage UF/NF separation experiments were carried out and membrane fluxes, COD rejections and flux decreasing rates were examined. In type 1, permeates of nanofiltered UF permeates achieved the lowest organic load in purified wastewater to meet European environmental threshold limits for living waters. In type 2, concentrates of nanofiltered UF concentrates reached the highest possible volume reduction ratio (VRR) resulting in higher organic content in a smaller volume, which could increase the efficiency of biogas production as an alternative post-treatment for waste management.
{"title":"Single- and multi-stage dairy wastewater treatment by vibratory membrane separation processes","authors":"S. Kertész, Szabolcs Gyula Szerencsés, G. Veréb, J. Csanádi, Z. László, C. Hodúr","doi":"10.12989/MWT.2020.11.6.383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/MWT.2020.11.6.383","url":null,"abstract":"Before discharge into sewage or living waters, dairy effluents need to be effectively treated to meet the requirements defined by environmental protection regulations. In addition to the commonly used technologies, membrane separation might offer a novel solution with many remarkable advantages. Although membrane fouling often limits its industrial scale application, module vibration can reduce membrane fouling. In this study, multi-stage membrane separations with ultrafiltration (UF), as pre-filtration, and nanofiltration (NF) were investigated. On the one hand, our aim was to separate the wastewater to reach the cleanest permeate possible, on the other hand to achieve the highest organic content in the smallest volume for further energetic utilization. Firstly, with one-stage separations the effects of Vibratory Shear Enhanced Processing (VSEP) on shear rate, fluxes and rejections were investigated. These tests revealed that vibration has a positive effect on fluxes and rejections. Secondly, two types of multi-stage UF/NF separation experiments were carried out and membrane fluxes, COD rejections and flux decreasing rates were examined. In type 1, permeates of nanofiltered UF permeates achieved the lowest organic load in purified wastewater to meet European environmental threshold limits for living waters. In type 2, concentrates of nanofiltered UF concentrates reached the highest possible volume reduction ratio (VRR) resulting in higher organic content in a smaller volume, which could increase the efficiency of biogas production as an alternative post-treatment for waste management.","PeriodicalId":18416,"journal":{"name":"Membrane Water Treatment","volume":"11 1","pages":"383"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46769449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.12989/MWT.2020.11.5.333
H. Rashidi, N. M. Sulaiman, N. Hashim, L. Bradford, Hashem Asgharnejad, M. Larijani
Advances in industrial development and waste management over several decades have reduced many of the impacts that previously affected ecosystems, however, there are still processes which discharge hazardous materials into environments. Among industries that produce industrial wastewaters, textile manufacturing processes play a noticeable role. This study was conducted to test a novel continuous combined commercial membrane treatment using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ultrafiltration (UF), and polyamide (PA) nanofiltration (NF) membranes for textile wastewater treatment. The synthetic textile wastewater used in this study contained sodium silicate, wax, and five various reactive dyes. The results indicate that the removal efficiency for physical particles (wax and resin) was 95% through the UF membrane under optimum conditions. Applying UF and NF hybrid treatment resulted in total effective removal of dye from all synthetic samples. The efficiency of sodium silicate removal was measured to be between 2.5 to 4.5% and 13 to 16% for UF and NF, respectively. The chemical oxygen demand in all samples was reduced by more than 85% after treatment by NF.
{"title":"Development of the ultra/nano filtration system for textile industry wastewater treatment","authors":"H. Rashidi, N. M. Sulaiman, N. Hashim, L. Bradford, Hashem Asgharnejad, M. Larijani","doi":"10.12989/MWT.2020.11.5.333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/MWT.2020.11.5.333","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in industrial development and waste management over several decades have reduced many of the impacts that previously affected ecosystems, however, there are still processes which discharge hazardous materials into environments. Among industries that produce industrial wastewaters, textile manufacturing processes play a noticeable role. This study was conducted to test a novel continuous combined commercial membrane treatment using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ultrafiltration (UF), and polyamide (PA) nanofiltration (NF) membranes for textile wastewater treatment. The synthetic textile wastewater used in this study contained sodium silicate, wax, and five various reactive dyes. The results indicate that the removal efficiency for physical particles (wax and resin) was 95% through the UF membrane under optimum conditions. Applying UF and NF hybrid treatment resulted in total effective removal of dye from all synthetic samples. The efficiency of sodium silicate removal was measured to be between 2.5 to 4.5% and 13 to 16% for UF and NF, respectively. The chemical oxygen demand in all samples was reduced by more than 85% after treatment by NF.","PeriodicalId":18416,"journal":{"name":"Membrane Water Treatment","volume":"11 1","pages":"333-344"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44281807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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