Pub Date : 2006-09-01DOI: 10.1109/UPEC.2006.367590
Z. Bo, J.H. He, X.Z. Dong, B. Caunce, A. Klimek
This paper presents a new integrated protection scheme based on distance protection technique. An integrated protection relay is installed at a substation and interfaced to every line through the CTs and busbar VT. The relay is also interfaced to the substation communication network which is communicated with all neighboring substations. The directional detection, phase selection and adaptive distance algorithms are implemented into the relay with multiple distance settings for the protection of every line sections connected to the substation busbar. When a fault occurs on any of the line associated with the substation, the relay will firstly determine the faulted direction, then the faulted phase. The distance algorithm together with the relevant setting will then apply to the faulted line/phase to determine the fault location. The relay will trip instantly when a zone 1 fault is detected. The relay will communicate with relevant relay at remote ends to determine whether to trip or restrain when a zone 2 fault is detected. The paper includes studies of a typical multi section system, which shows that the new scheme not only offer the new protection features for individual power line, but also provide the characteristics of integrated protection
{"title":"An Integrated Protection Scheme Based on a Distance Approach","authors":"Z. Bo, J.H. He, X.Z. Dong, B. Caunce, A. Klimek","doi":"10.1109/UPEC.2006.367590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC.2006.367590","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new integrated protection scheme based on distance protection technique. An integrated protection relay is installed at a substation and interfaced to every line through the CTs and busbar VT. The relay is also interfaced to the substation communication network which is communicated with all neighboring substations. The directional detection, phase selection and adaptive distance algorithms are implemented into the relay with multiple distance settings for the protection of every line sections connected to the substation busbar. When a fault occurs on any of the line associated with the substation, the relay will firstly determine the faulted direction, then the faulted phase. The distance algorithm together with the relevant setting will then apply to the faulted line/phase to determine the fault location. The relay will trip instantly when a zone 1 fault is detected. The relay will communicate with relevant relay at remote ends to determine whether to trip or restrain when a zone 2 fault is detected. The paper includes studies of a typical multi section system, which shows that the new scheme not only offer the new protection features for individual power line, but also provide the characteristics of integrated protection","PeriodicalId":184186,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st International Universities Power Engineering Conference","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133252094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-09-01DOI: 10.1109/UPEC.2006.367504
M. Zhang, Haigang Wang, Xinzhou Dong, Z.Q. Bow, B. Caunce, A. Klimek
A novel criterion for neutral current differential protection is presented in this paper, which is based on a full research into exist neutral current differential protection schemes used in transmission lines. Compared to traditional ones, the novel criterion can improve the sensitivity under internal fault conditions and improve reliability under external fault conditions. More importantly, the novel criterion overcomes the deficiency of sensitivity of traditional criteria under single-pole open condition and possesses more satisfactory performance. The applicable range of the novel criterion is given by theoretic analysis and simulation results are presented to verify the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed criterion
{"title":"A Novel Criterion for Neutral Current Differential Protection","authors":"M. Zhang, Haigang Wang, Xinzhou Dong, Z.Q. Bow, B. Caunce, A. Klimek","doi":"10.1109/UPEC.2006.367504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC.2006.367504","url":null,"abstract":"A novel criterion for neutral current differential protection is presented in this paper, which is based on a full research into exist neutral current differential protection schemes used in transmission lines. Compared to traditional ones, the novel criterion can improve the sensitivity under internal fault conditions and improve reliability under external fault conditions. More importantly, the novel criterion overcomes the deficiency of sensitivity of traditional criteria under single-pole open condition and possesses more satisfactory performance. The applicable range of the novel criterion is given by theoretic analysis and simulation results are presented to verify the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed criterion","PeriodicalId":184186,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st International Universities Power Engineering Conference","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133405334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-09-01DOI: 10.1109/UPEC.2006.367579
T.D. Garnett, R. McMahon, E. Abdi-Jalebi
Measuring current is fundamental to electrical engineering. Wireless current sensing systems, which do not involve the insertion of a sensor into a circuit, are attractive. This paper describes the implementation and performance of such a system using the recently introduced ZigBee wireless protocol. The system uses a Rogowski coil as the sensor, and a transmitter unit incorporating an integrator, microcontroller and ZigBee transmitter module. The receiver has a further ZigBee module, and a further microcontroller driving a liquid crystal display giving a current readout. Testing shows that the system works, with a linearity error of less than 0.04 A and a potential battery lifetime of eight months
{"title":"Applications of Zigbee Wireless Technology for Industrial Instrumentation","authors":"T.D. Garnett, R. McMahon, E. Abdi-Jalebi","doi":"10.1109/UPEC.2006.367579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC.2006.367579","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring current is fundamental to electrical engineering. Wireless current sensing systems, which do not involve the insertion of a sensor into a circuit, are attractive. This paper describes the implementation and performance of such a system using the recently introduced ZigBee wireless protocol. The system uses a Rogowski coil as the sensor, and a transmitter unit incorporating an integrator, microcontroller and ZigBee transmitter module. The receiver has a further ZigBee module, and a further microcontroller driving a liquid crystal display giving a current readout. Testing shows that the system works, with a linearity error of less than 0.04 A and a potential battery lifetime of eight months","PeriodicalId":184186,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st International Universities Power Engineering Conference","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123683094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to analyze the dynamic performance for hydro-generator under loss of excitation (LOE) condition more effectively, based on MATALB, a mathematical model of hydro-generator under LOE condition is constructed in this paper. The model includes synchronous generator model, speed governor model, hydraulic turbine model, excitation regulation model and transmission line model. Several types of LOE faults are simulated by the model, and the simulation waveforms of related electrical quantities are compared with theoretical analysis result, thereby the feasibility of simulation model is proved
{"title":"Simulation Analysis of Dynamic Performance for Hydro-Generator Under Loss of Excitation Condition","authors":"Kanjun Zhang, Xianggen Yin, Deshu Chen, Zhe Zhang, Wei Chen","doi":"10.1109/UPEC.2006.367536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC.2006.367536","url":null,"abstract":"In order to analyze the dynamic performance for hydro-generator under loss of excitation (LOE) condition more effectively, based on MATALB, a mathematical model of hydro-generator under LOE condition is constructed in this paper. The model includes synchronous generator model, speed governor model, hydraulic turbine model, excitation regulation model and transmission line model. Several types of LOE faults are simulated by the model, and the simulation waveforms of related electrical quantities are compared with theoretical analysis result, thereby the feasibility of simulation model is proved","PeriodicalId":184186,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st International Universities Power Engineering Conference","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130178840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-09-01DOI: 10.1109/UPEC.2006.367580
G. Sooriyakumarv, R. Perryman, S. Dodds
As part of the design process of surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM), a combination of analytical calculation and finite element analysis (FEA) is proposed for the cogging torque calculation. The analytical methods are recommended for the initial design iterations in view of their high computational speed. In general, however, finite element analysis is more accurate and is therefore recommended for the final design iterations. In order to obtain continuity when switching from analytical calculations to FEA, two modifications are made to the equations upon which the analytical methods are based in order to improve accuracy. This is demonstrated by comparing the results from the unmodified and modified analytical method with those using the finite element method through their application using the nominal parameters of a Control Techniques Dynamics CTD 142UMC300 motor. Air-gap flux density calculations are compared as well as cogging torque calculations
{"title":"Improved Cogging Calculation Methods for Surface Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors","authors":"G. Sooriyakumarv, R. Perryman, S. Dodds","doi":"10.1109/UPEC.2006.367580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC.2006.367580","url":null,"abstract":"As part of the design process of surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM), a combination of analytical calculation and finite element analysis (FEA) is proposed for the cogging torque calculation. The analytical methods are recommended for the initial design iterations in view of their high computational speed. In general, however, finite element analysis is more accurate and is therefore recommended for the final design iterations. In order to obtain continuity when switching from analytical calculations to FEA, two modifications are made to the equations upon which the analytical methods are based in order to improve accuracy. This is demonstrated by comparing the results from the unmodified and modified analytical method with those using the finite element method through their application using the nominal parameters of a Control Techniques Dynamics CTD 142UMC300 motor. Air-gap flux density calculations are compared as well as cogging torque calculations","PeriodicalId":184186,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st International Universities Power Engineering Conference","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127081007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-09-01DOI: 10.1109/UPEC.2006.367776
A. Sendegeya, M. Amelin, L. Soder, E. Lugujjo, I. P. Da Silva
Uncertainties in demand and supply are among the challenging aspects when planning isolated power systems as well as one of the reasons why plans are not as optimal as expected. Most consumers in these areas are price sensitive and their sensitivity may change over time. To be able to estimate the outcome of certain investments in such markets with uncertainties, it is important to have a realistic modelling of the market. The modelling of markets can be performed using probability methods. This paper presents a methodology using Monte Carlo simulation to analyse the impact of price sensitivity of consumers on the probability distribution of tariff as a basis for making decision during planning. The stochastic nature of the market due to uncertainties in sensitivity, demand and supply has been modelled explicitly by random variables of given distributions. The developed model has been demonstrated on a small test system. The results include probability distributions showing the impact on the tariff levels for various system configurations.
{"title":"Consumer Price Sensitivity Impact on Tariff Level in Isolated Rural Power Systems","authors":"A. Sendegeya, M. Amelin, L. Soder, E. Lugujjo, I. P. Da Silva","doi":"10.1109/UPEC.2006.367776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC.2006.367776","url":null,"abstract":"Uncertainties in demand and supply are among the challenging aspects when planning isolated power systems as well as one of the reasons why plans are not as optimal as expected. Most consumers in these areas are price sensitive and their sensitivity may change over time. To be able to estimate the outcome of certain investments in such markets with uncertainties, it is important to have a realistic modelling of the market. The modelling of markets can be performed using probability methods. This paper presents a methodology using Monte Carlo simulation to analyse the impact of price sensitivity of consumers on the probability distribution of tariff as a basis for making decision during planning. The stochastic nature of the market due to uncertainties in sensitivity, demand and supply has been modelled explicitly by random variables of given distributions. The developed model has been demonstrated on a small test system. The results include probability distributions showing the impact on the tariff levels for various system configurations.","PeriodicalId":184186,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st International Universities Power Engineering Conference","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121554609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-09-01DOI: 10.1109/UPEC.2006.367532
Xiang Yu, C. Mao, Jiming Lu
An adaptive optimal excitation controller (AOEC) is presented. The generator and the power grid connected are identified as an object controlled with recursive least square technique. Then the parameters identified are provided to a special 3 order discrete Riccati equation which is solved in real time to get optimal gain matrix. Dynamic simulations were carried out on a physical model of a single machine infinite bus system to verify the effectiveness of the AOEC. Some experiments were also carried out in Gezouba hydropower plant. The AOEC has operated in Gezhouba hydropower plant since March, 2003. Its reliability is verified.
{"title":"Industrial Application of the Adaptive Optimal Excitation Controller","authors":"Xiang Yu, C. Mao, Jiming Lu","doi":"10.1109/UPEC.2006.367532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC.2006.367532","url":null,"abstract":"An adaptive optimal excitation controller (AOEC) is presented. The generator and the power grid connected are identified as an object controlled with recursive least square technique. Then the parameters identified are provided to a special 3 order discrete Riccati equation which is solved in real time to get optimal gain matrix. Dynamic simulations were carried out on a physical model of a single machine infinite bus system to verify the effectiveness of the AOEC. Some experiments were also carried out in Gezouba hydropower plant. The AOEC has operated in Gezhouba hydropower plant since March, 2003. Its reliability is verified.","PeriodicalId":184186,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st International Universities Power Engineering Conference","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122431841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-09-01DOI: 10.1109/UPEC.2006.367503
J. Lara, A. Cabello, V. Guzmán, M. Giménez, J. Restrepo
This work presents an approach to the selection of the voltage space vector produced by a matrix converter (MC) used in the implementation of an induction motor direct torque control (DTC) in order to improve the machine's dynamic response and limit the start-up currents. The selection strategy chooses the space vectors that reduce generated electromagnetic torque ripple and improve the MC input power factor. Final space vector selection is performed taking into account the optimised DTC selection table, the MC current vector required to minimise the converter input displacement factor, and the torque ripple minimisation function. The simulation results, obtained using a system model, show the method efficiency
{"title":"Induction Motor Direct Torque Control Using Matrix Converters","authors":"J. Lara, A. Cabello, V. Guzmán, M. Giménez, J. Restrepo","doi":"10.1109/UPEC.2006.367503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC.2006.367503","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents an approach to the selection of the voltage space vector produced by a matrix converter (MC) used in the implementation of an induction motor direct torque control (DTC) in order to improve the machine's dynamic response and limit the start-up currents. The selection strategy chooses the space vectors that reduce generated electromagnetic torque ripple and improve the MC input power factor. Final space vector selection is performed taking into account the optimised DTC selection table, the MC current vector required to minimise the converter input displacement factor, and the torque ripple minimisation function. The simulation results, obtained using a system model, show the method efficiency","PeriodicalId":184186,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st International Universities Power Engineering Conference","volume":"328 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122834886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-09-01DOI: 10.1109/UPEC.2006.367770
S. Mohammadi, H. Keivani, M. Bakhshi, A. Mohammadi, M. Askari, F. Kavehnia
This paper provides an intelligence method for medium and long-term energy demand forecasting of a complicated electrical system. In this method we use energy data of several past years to train an adaptive network based on fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). We use this intelligence network to estimate the time series behaviour of energy consumption for several future years. Several simulations have been arranged to examine the efficiency of method.
{"title":"Demand Forecasting Using Time Series Modelling and ANFIS Estimator","authors":"S. Mohammadi, H. Keivani, M. Bakhshi, A. Mohammadi, M. Askari, F. Kavehnia","doi":"10.1109/UPEC.2006.367770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC.2006.367770","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides an intelligence method for medium and long-term energy demand forecasting of a complicated electrical system. In this method we use energy data of several past years to train an adaptive network based on fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). We use this intelligence network to estimate the time series behaviour of energy consumption for several future years. Several simulations have been arranged to examine the efficiency of method.","PeriodicalId":184186,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st International Universities Power Engineering Conference","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123295823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-09-01DOI: 10.1109/UPEC.2006.367644
P. Mitra, S. Chowdhury, S. Chowdhury, S. Pal, Y. Song, G. Taylor
In this paper the authors report on the design, simulation and validation of a fuzzy logic based automatic voltage regulator (AVR) to improve the stability of single-machine and multi-machine power systems. The authors have first tested the performances of both the fuzzy-based AVR and the conventional AVR for a single-machine -infinite-bus test system and have compared their performances. It has been observed that the stabilization of both terminal voltage and power angle are improved with the application of fuzzy-based AVR. Secondly, the performances of both fuzzy-based AVR and a conventional AVR are tested for stabilizing a disturbance due to a local fault occurring near one generator in a four-machine-two-area network. Here also, it is observed that the performance of the fuzzy-based AVR is superior to the conventional AVR in multi-machine environment.
{"title":"Performance of a Fuzzy Logic Based Automatic Voltage Regulator in Single and Multi-Machine Environment","authors":"P. Mitra, S. Chowdhury, S. Chowdhury, S. Pal, Y. Song, G. Taylor","doi":"10.1109/UPEC.2006.367644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC.2006.367644","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the authors report on the design, simulation and validation of a fuzzy logic based automatic voltage regulator (AVR) to improve the stability of single-machine and multi-machine power systems. The authors have first tested the performances of both the fuzzy-based AVR and the conventional AVR for a single-machine -infinite-bus test system and have compared their performances. It has been observed that the stabilization of both terminal voltage and power angle are improved with the application of fuzzy-based AVR. Secondly, the performances of both fuzzy-based AVR and a conventional AVR are tested for stabilizing a disturbance due to a local fault occurring near one generator in a four-machine-two-area network. Here also, it is observed that the performance of the fuzzy-based AVR is superior to the conventional AVR in multi-machine environment.","PeriodicalId":184186,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st International Universities Power Engineering Conference","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124020651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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