Sergen Tuğgüm, Çiğdem Bozkır, S. Aslan, A. Yılmaz, A. Çelikkol
BACKGROUND: Type-2 diabetes with an increasing prevalence is a public health problem. Irisin and vaspin, which are secreted a majority from adipose tissue, are discovered hormones recently, and their effects on diabetes are studied. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to the effects of diet on these hormones levels in diabetic rats. METHODS: In this study, ten-week-old 18 Wistar-Albino rats were divided into three groups randomly. The diabetic group (n = 6) was fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Other rats were divided into two control groups, one of them (n = 6) was fed a control diet (CD), and the other group (n = 6) was fed HFD. The feeding time for all groups was 4 weeks. Streptozotocin (STZ) was used for diabetes induction in rats. RESULTS: At the end of the four weeks, the body weight of the diabetic group decreased significantly. In the diabetic group compared to the control groups, it was observed that besides high fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride, total cholesterol levels, and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) scores. Vaspin levels were significantly higher in diabetic rats, while irisin levels were similar between groups. Besides, vaspin level correlation with biochemical parameters such as glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and HOMA-IR score was significant. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this study showed that besides the evidence that vaspine is a hormone associated with diabetes, diet composition could give an opinion about the type-2 diabetes process by looking at hormone levels.
{"title":"Evaluation of vaspin and irisin hormones levels in diabetic rats and relationship with diet","authors":"Sergen Tuğgüm, Çiğdem Bozkır, S. Aslan, A. Yılmaz, A. Çelikkol","doi":"10.3233/mnm-211586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-211586","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Type-2 diabetes with an increasing prevalence is a public health problem. Irisin and vaspin, which are secreted a majority from adipose tissue, are discovered hormones recently, and their effects on diabetes are studied. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to the effects of diet on these hormones levels in diabetic rats. METHODS: In this study, ten-week-old 18 Wistar-Albino rats were divided into three groups randomly. The diabetic group (n = 6) was fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Other rats were divided into two control groups, one of them (n = 6) was fed a control diet (CD), and the other group (n = 6) was fed HFD. The feeding time for all groups was 4 weeks. Streptozotocin (STZ) was used for diabetes induction in rats. RESULTS: At the end of the four weeks, the body weight of the diabetic group decreased significantly. In the diabetic group compared to the control groups, it was observed that besides high fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride, total cholesterol levels, and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) scores. Vaspin levels were significantly higher in diabetic rats, while irisin levels were similar between groups. Besides, vaspin level correlation with biochemical parameters such as glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and HOMA-IR score was significant. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this study showed that besides the evidence that vaspine is a hormone associated with diabetes, diet composition could give an opinion about the type-2 diabetes process by looking at hormone levels.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42078953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Boon Kheng Chai, D. Murugan, Mustafa Mohd Rais, Mustafa Al-Shagga, S. Mohankumar
BACKGROUND: Insulin sensitizers have been used to treat Type 2 diabetes. However, their non-negligible side effects have led to cardiovascular concerns and the withdrawal of a member, rosiglitazone. OBJECTIVE: We combined conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) with rosiglitazone to test for amelioration of side effects posed by rosiglitazone in vivo. METHODS: We utilized ApoE null mice fed with Western diet (WD) to test our hypothesis. Mice were fed WD, with or without CLA administration, for 12 weeks. CLA utilized in our study consisted of a 1:1 ratio of 95% pure c9,t11, and t10,c12 isomers at a concentration of 0.1% w/v in fat-free milk. Starting from Week 12, select mice received rosiglitazone. RESULTS: It was found that mice receiving CLA from Week 0 and rosiglitazone from Week 12 had the lowest body weight and exacerbated hepatomegaly. Although these mice had attenuated insulin resistance compared to mice receiving only Western diet, they display a marked increase in total plasma cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Mice receiving early CLA administration developed hyperleptinemia, which was not restored by rosiglitazone. CONCLUSION: Taken together, against the background of ApoE null genotype and WD feeding, simultaneous administration of 1:1 CLA and rosiglitazone led to dyslipidemic lipoatrophy.
{"title":"Conjugated linoleic acid isomers induced dyslipidemia and lipoatrophy are exacerbated by rosiglitazone in ApoE null mice fed a Western diet","authors":"Boon Kheng Chai, D. Murugan, Mustafa Mohd Rais, Mustafa Al-Shagga, S. Mohankumar","doi":"10.3233/mnm-211562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-211562","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Insulin sensitizers have been used to treat Type 2 diabetes. However, their non-negligible side effects have led to cardiovascular concerns and the withdrawal of a member, rosiglitazone. OBJECTIVE: We combined conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) with rosiglitazone to test for amelioration of side effects posed by rosiglitazone in vivo. METHODS: We utilized ApoE null mice fed with Western diet (WD) to test our hypothesis. Mice were fed WD, with or without CLA administration, for 12 weeks. CLA utilized in our study consisted of a 1:1 ratio of 95% pure c9,t11, and t10,c12 isomers at a concentration of 0.1% w/v in fat-free milk. Starting from Week 12, select mice received rosiglitazone. RESULTS: It was found that mice receiving CLA from Week 0 and rosiglitazone from Week 12 had the lowest body weight and exacerbated hepatomegaly. Although these mice had attenuated insulin resistance compared to mice receiving only Western diet, they display a marked increase in total plasma cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Mice receiving early CLA administration developed hyperleptinemia, which was not restored by rosiglitazone. CONCLUSION: Taken together, against the background of ApoE null genotype and WD feeding, simultaneous administration of 1:1 CLA and rosiglitazone led to dyslipidemic lipoatrophy.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41497184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Mohajeri, Reza Mohajery, A. Nemati, F. Pourfarzi
BACKGROUND: The healthy diet is important to maintain immunity against infection. This study aimed to assess and compare the consumption of functional foods, some antioxidants, and dietary inflammatory index between Iranian COVID-19 patients and healthy persons. METHODS: This case-control study was conducted between 1000 (500 cases and 500 controls) adults aged 18–65years in Iran, that were sampling based on the snowball method and their information was collected electronically. The dietary intake was assessed using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). RESULTS: There was a significant difference (p = 0.044) in vitamin D consumption between healthy people and COVID-19 patients. Vitamin E intake in healthy participants was significantly (p = 0.041) more than COVID-19 patients. There was a significant difference in Zinc (p = 0.011), selenium (p = 0.021), and vitamin C (p = 0.023) between healthy persons and COVID-19 patients. Healthy participants’ consumption of onion (56.5±7.82 g/day), garlic (4.32±0.01 g/day) and oat (6.32±0.71 g/day) was significantly (p≤0.05) more than COVID-19 patients. With the increase of each unit in the score of the dietary inflammatory index, the risk of COVID-19 incidence increased 1.63 times (OR = 1.63 95% CI: 1.54–1.72). There was an inverse association between the consumption of antioxidants and functional foods with the risk of COVID-19 incidence in the study population (p≤0.05). CONCLUSION: Healthy people consumption of antioxidants and functional foods was more than COVID-19 patients and there was a significant inverse association between the risk of COVID- 19 incidence with the consumption of functional foods and antioxidants. Increasing the dietary inflammatory index score increased the risk of COVID- 19 incidence. There is a need for further clinical trials to confirm the effect of consuming functional foods and antioxidants on the prevention or treatment of COVID-19.
{"title":"The difference in the dietary inflammatory index, functional food, and antioxidants intake between COVID -19 patients and healthy persons","authors":"M. Mohajeri, Reza Mohajery, A. Nemati, F. Pourfarzi","doi":"10.3233/mnm-211521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-211521","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The healthy diet is important to maintain immunity against infection. This study aimed to assess and compare the consumption of functional foods, some antioxidants, and dietary inflammatory index between Iranian COVID-19 patients and healthy persons. METHODS: This case-control study was conducted between 1000 (500 cases and 500 controls) adults aged 18–65years in Iran, that were sampling based on the snowball method and their information was collected electronically. The dietary intake was assessed using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). RESULTS: There was a significant difference (p = 0.044) in vitamin D consumption between healthy people and COVID-19 patients. Vitamin E intake in healthy participants was significantly (p = 0.041) more than COVID-19 patients. There was a significant difference in Zinc (p = 0.011), selenium (p = 0.021), and vitamin C (p = 0.023) between healthy persons and COVID-19 patients. Healthy participants’ consumption of onion (56.5±7.82 g/day), garlic (4.32±0.01 g/day) and oat (6.32±0.71 g/day) was significantly (p≤0.05) more than COVID-19 patients. With the increase of each unit in the score of the dietary inflammatory index, the risk of COVID-19 incidence increased 1.63 times (OR = 1.63 95% CI: 1.54–1.72). There was an inverse association between the consumption of antioxidants and functional foods with the risk of COVID-19 incidence in the study population (p≤0.05). CONCLUSION: Healthy people consumption of antioxidants and functional foods was more than COVID-19 patients and there was a significant inverse association between the risk of COVID- 19 incidence with the consumption of functional foods and antioxidants. Increasing the dietary inflammatory index score increased the risk of COVID- 19 incidence. There is a need for further clinical trials to confirm the effect of consuming functional foods and antioxidants on the prevention or treatment of COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46206814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Chetoui, K. Kaoutar, Abdesslam El Kardoudi, K. Boutahar, Soufiane Elmoussaoui, F. Chigr, M. Najimi
BACKGROUND: Meeting physical activity (PA) guidelines and decreasing sedentary time (SED-time) are cornerstones in the management of diabetes. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the level of PA, SED-time, and related factors among Moroccan diabetes patients. METHODS: From February to June 2019, 1143 patients with type 2 diabetes took part in a cross-sectional survey. PA and SED-time were assessed through a face-to-face interview using International PA Questionnaire. RESULTS: The PA recommendations were achieved by 77.7% of participants and they were significantly higher in males using oral antidiabetic alone, in normal and overweight participants, and in those with duration less than 7 years. While in females, this level was significantly higher only in participants with a family history of diabetes. The mean SED-time was high (35.66±16.88 hours/week) and increased with age, BMI, duration of diabetes, among widowers and divorced, illiterate and among those with low level of PA. CONCLUSIONS: The PA level and SED-time were high. Furthermore, participants with high SED-time have low levels of PA, which represents a combined risk of sitting and inactivity in this subgroup. As a result, patients should be encouraged to participate regularly in PA and also to minimize their SED-time.
{"title":"Physical activity and sedentary time levels among Moroccan type 2 diabetes patients","authors":"A. Chetoui, K. Kaoutar, Abdesslam El Kardoudi, K. Boutahar, Soufiane Elmoussaoui, F. Chigr, M. Najimi","doi":"10.3233/mnm-211504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-211504","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Meeting physical activity (PA) guidelines and decreasing sedentary time (SED-time) are cornerstones in the management of diabetes. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the level of PA, SED-time, and related factors among Moroccan diabetes patients. METHODS: From February to June 2019, 1143 patients with type 2 diabetes took part in a cross-sectional survey. PA and SED-time were assessed through a face-to-face interview using International PA Questionnaire. RESULTS: The PA recommendations were achieved by 77.7% of participants and they were significantly higher in males using oral antidiabetic alone, in normal and overweight participants, and in those with duration less than 7 years. While in females, this level was significantly higher only in participants with a family history of diabetes. The mean SED-time was high (35.66±16.88 hours/week) and increased with age, BMI, duration of diabetes, among widowers and divorced, illiterate and among those with low level of PA. CONCLUSIONS: The PA level and SED-time were high. Furthermore, participants with high SED-time have low levels of PA, which represents a combined risk of sitting and inactivity in this subgroup. As a result, patients should be encouraged to participate regularly in PA and also to minimize their SED-time.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48429081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Today, individuals with eating disorders or orthorexia nervosa (ON) are increasing. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the association between ON, eating attitudes, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms among healthcare and non-healthcare professionals. METHODS: The present study was cross-sectional, and conducted by 310 healthcare, and non-healthcare professionals. Data on demographic characteristics, the Orthorexia Nervosa Evaluation Scale (ORTO-15), the Eating Attitudes Test-40 (EAT-40), and the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) were obtained by a questionnaire form. Additionally, the body weight and height of participants were taken to calculate the body mass index (BMI). Data were analyzed with SPSS statistical package 24.0. RESULTS: The ORTO-15 score of 30.3% of healthcare professionals and 27.1% of non-healthcare professionals were ≤40 (p: 0.616). The EAT-40 scores were found to be ≥30 in 7.7% of healthcare professionals and 4.5% of non-healthcare professionals (p: 0.081). According to the MOCI scores, the possibility of obsessive-compulsive symptoms was high in 29.7% of healthcare professionals (p < 0.001). There was a weak negative correlation between ORTO-15 and EAT-40 (r: –0.176, p: 0.002) and MOCI (r: –0.170, p: 0.003); and EAT-40 and MOCI (r:0.166, p: 0.03). CONCLUSION: Further studies are required to understand the relationship between ON and eating disorders that are included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5) criteria.
{"title":"Orthorexia nervosa: The relationship with obsessive-compulsive symptoms and eating attitudes among individuals with and without healthcare professionals","authors":"H. Demir, H. Bayram","doi":"10.3233/mnm-210015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-210015","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Today, individuals with eating disorders or orthorexia nervosa (ON) are increasing. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the association between ON, eating attitudes, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms among healthcare and non-healthcare professionals. METHODS: The present study was cross-sectional, and conducted by 310 healthcare, and non-healthcare professionals. Data on demographic characteristics, the Orthorexia Nervosa Evaluation Scale (ORTO-15), the Eating Attitudes Test-40 (EAT-40), and the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) were obtained by a questionnaire form. Additionally, the body weight and height of participants were taken to calculate the body mass index (BMI). Data were analyzed with SPSS statistical package 24.0. RESULTS: The ORTO-15 score of 30.3% of healthcare professionals and 27.1% of non-healthcare professionals were ≤40 (p: 0.616). The EAT-40 scores were found to be ≥30 in 7.7% of healthcare professionals and 4.5% of non-healthcare professionals (p: 0.081). According to the MOCI scores, the possibility of obsessive-compulsive symptoms was high in 29.7% of healthcare professionals (p < 0.001). There was a weak negative correlation between ORTO-15 and EAT-40 (r: –0.176, p: 0.002) and MOCI (r: –0.170, p: 0.003); and EAT-40 and MOCI (r:0.166, p: 0.03). CONCLUSION: Further studies are required to understand the relationship between ON and eating disorders that are included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5) criteria.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42428113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renzetti Pamela, Velasco Verónica, Coppola Liliana, Disarò Jacopo, Scatigna Maria
BACKGROUND: A healthy diet is a major factor in childhood for proper mental and physical development, and schools are valuable settings for promoting nutritional health. Teachers have a key role as educators and as a link between children, families, and institutions. OBJECTIVES: The study aims at describing the teachers’ profile and to evaluate the level of adherence of their schools to the recommendations by Health Promoting Schools concerning nutritional issues. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 131 Spanish and Italian teachers from kindergartens and primary schools. RESULTS: The lack of a structured approach to school food emerged, as well as a low quality level of food consumption at school. Among the positive aspects, there is the compliance with the dietary reference values for the intake of nutrients and energy of meals supplied by cafeterias and the collaboration with nutritionists in health services, but other desirable circumstances are neglected (e.g. training courses for staff, the involvement of students, supply of water and vegetables such as healthy drinks and snacks). CONCLUSION: The study confirmed the need to train teachers and to strengthen school action plans, particularly the agenda around the sustainability of the school food and nutrition environment.
{"title":"Nutrition in the comprehensive approach of Health Promoting Schools: Survey on attitudes, knowledge and experiences in a sample of European teachers","authors":"Renzetti Pamela, Velasco Verónica, Coppola Liliana, Disarò Jacopo, Scatigna Maria","doi":"10.3233/mnm-211520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-211520","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: A healthy diet is a major factor in childhood for proper mental and physical development, and schools are valuable settings for promoting nutritional health. Teachers have a key role as educators and as a link between children, families, and institutions. OBJECTIVES: The study aims at describing the teachers’ profile and to evaluate the level of adherence of their schools to the recommendations by Health Promoting Schools concerning nutritional issues. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 131 Spanish and Italian teachers from kindergartens and primary schools. RESULTS: The lack of a structured approach to school food emerged, as well as a low quality level of food consumption at school. Among the positive aspects, there is the compliance with the dietary reference values for the intake of nutrients and energy of meals supplied by cafeterias and the collaboration with nutritionists in health services, but other desirable circumstances are neglected (e.g. training courses for staff, the involvement of students, supply of water and vegetables such as healthy drinks and snacks). CONCLUSION: The study confirmed the need to train teachers and to strengthen school action plans, particularly the agenda around the sustainability of the school food and nutrition environment.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45584539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder, and previous studies have shown that the Mediterranean diet (MeDi) can be effective in reducing the incidence and progression of the disease. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine an association between adherence to MeDi and the risk of PD in adults by meta-analysis of cohort studies. METHODS: Online databases including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched up to March 2021. Cohort studies that examined the association of PD risk with adherence to MeDi were included. A pooled relative risk with a 95% confidence interval was calculated by a random effects meta-analysis. As well, bias assessment, assessment of heterogeneity, sensitivity, and subgroup analyses were carried out. The primary outcome was Parkinson’s incidence. RESULTS: Overall four papers on PD risk were included in the present systematic review and meta-analysis. The effect size of the summary for the risk of overall PD, comparing the highest with the lowest adherence to MeDi, was 0.76 (95% CI: 0.59, 0.98), indicating a significant inverse association. CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to MeDi has a protective role against PD. Also, adhering to this dietary pattern at a younger age may be more beneficial in reducing the risk of PD. However, we suggest more prospective cohort studies in this regard.
背景:帕金森病(PD)是一种慢性神经退行性疾病，既往研究表明地中海饮食(MeDi)可有效降低该病的发病率和进展。目的:本研究的目的是通过队列研究的荟萃分析，确定成人坚持服用MeDi与PD风险之间的关系。方法:检索截止到2021年3月的在线数据库，包括Scopus、PubMed、Web of Science和b谷歌Scholar。纳入了检查PD风险与坚持使用medii相关的队列研究。通过随机效应荟萃分析计算出95%置信区间的综合相对风险。此外，还进行了偏倚评估、异质性评估、敏感性评估和亚组分析。主要终点是帕金森病的发病率。结果:本系统综述和荟萃分析共纳入了4篇关于帕金森病风险的论文。总体PD风险的总结效应大小，比较最高和最低依从MeDi，为0.76 (95% CI: 0.59, 0.98)，表明显著负相关。结论:坚持服用medii对帕金森病具有保护作用。此外，在年轻时坚持这种饮食模式可能对降低帕金森病的风险更有益。然而，我们建议在这方面进行更多的前瞻性队列研究。
{"title":"Association between Mediterranean diet and Parkinson’s disease in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies","authors":"M. Keramati, Vali Musazadeh, S. Kheirouri","doi":"10.3233/mnm-210019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-210019","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder, and previous studies have shown that the Mediterranean diet (MeDi) can be effective in reducing the incidence and progression of the disease. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine an association between adherence to MeDi and the risk of PD in adults by meta-analysis of cohort studies. METHODS: Online databases including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched up to March 2021. Cohort studies that examined the association of PD risk with adherence to MeDi were included. A pooled relative risk with a 95% confidence interval was calculated by a random effects meta-analysis. As well, bias assessment, assessment of heterogeneity, sensitivity, and subgroup analyses were carried out. The primary outcome was Parkinson’s incidence. RESULTS: Overall four papers on PD risk were included in the present systematic review and meta-analysis. The effect size of the summary for the risk of overall PD, comparing the highest with the lowest adherence to MeDi, was 0.76 (95% CI: 0.59, 0.98), indicating a significant inverse association. CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to MeDi has a protective role against PD. Also, adhering to this dietary pattern at a younger age may be more beneficial in reducing the risk of PD. However, we suggest more prospective cohort studies in this regard.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48272471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: It has been reported that the quality of life and diet quality in individuals with rheumatological diseases are poor and may adversely affect the course of the disease. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to compare the quality of life and diet of individuals with Behçet’s Disease (BD) compared to healthy controls. METHODS: This study was planned as a case-control study, and 60 adult patients with BD were compared with age (±1) and sex paired match healthy controls concerning the quality of life and diet. Diet quality was assessed using nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and the mean adequacy ratio (MAR) values calculated from 24 h dietary food recall and obesity was also evaluated by various anthropometric measurements. The Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) was used to evaluate the quality of life (QoL). In addition, the 24-hour physical activities were recorded to calculate physical activity levels (PAL). Data were analyzed by SPSS 25.0 via paired sample t-test and McNemar (and McNemar-Bowkers) test. p < 0.05 was deemed significant. RESULTS: The findings showed that cases were more obese (p = 0.005), less physically active (p < 0.001), had lower QoL (p < 0.01 for all subscales) and had higher Beck depression scores (p = 0.001). Controls had higher means of energy (p < 0.001), CHO% (p = 0.025), fat% (p = 0.004), and fiber (p = 0.007) intake and mean MAR value (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Compared to healthy controls, patients with BD were more obese, had lower QoL and lower diet quality. Therefore, people with BD should be evaluated for comorbid diseases and be supported by health professionals, such as dietitians and psychologists.
{"title":"Quality of life and diet: A paired match study on Behçet’s disease","authors":"Murat Urhan, R. Meseri, F. Oksel","doi":"10.3233/mnm-211571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-211571","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: It has been reported that the quality of life and diet quality in individuals with rheumatological diseases are poor and may adversely affect the course of the disease. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to compare the quality of life and diet of individuals with Behçet’s Disease (BD) compared to healthy controls. METHODS: This study was planned as a case-control study, and 60 adult patients with BD were compared with age (±1) and sex paired match healthy controls concerning the quality of life and diet. Diet quality was assessed using nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and the mean adequacy ratio (MAR) values calculated from 24 h dietary food recall and obesity was also evaluated by various anthropometric measurements. The Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) was used to evaluate the quality of life (QoL). In addition, the 24-hour physical activities were recorded to calculate physical activity levels (PAL). Data were analyzed by SPSS 25.0 via paired sample t-test and McNemar (and McNemar-Bowkers) test. p < 0.05 was deemed significant. RESULTS: The findings showed that cases were more obese (p = 0.005), less physically active (p < 0.001), had lower QoL (p < 0.01 for all subscales) and had higher Beck depression scores (p = 0.001). Controls had higher means of energy (p < 0.001), CHO% (p = 0.025), fat% (p = 0.004), and fiber (p = 0.007) intake and mean MAR value (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Compared to healthy controls, patients with BD were more obese, had lower QoL and lower diet quality. Therefore, people with BD should be evaluated for comorbid diseases and be supported by health professionals, such as dietitians and psychologists.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43514558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ashor, Thaer M. M. Al-Rammahi, Vian Mohammed Abdulrazzaq, M. Siervo
BACKGROUND: Healthy dietary patterns are typically associated with improved metabolic and cardiovascular health in population-based cohorts. This study aims to investigate whether a healthy dietary score, derived from UK Diabetes and Diet Questionnaire (UKDDQ), is significantly associated with measures of metabolic health and nutritional status in patients with T2DM. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 85 patients with T2DM (age: 51.7±9.4, BMI: 30.6±5.3) and 20 healthy volunteers (age: 48.4±8.6, BMI: 29.5±5) recruited from the Al-Hassan Diabetes and Endocrinology Specialized Center, Karbala, Iraq. Body weight, height and body mass index (BMI) and resting clinic blood pressure were measured. All participants completed the UKDDQ to assess the quality of the diet. Metabolic and nutritional biomarkers were measured in fasting blood samples. A composite nutritional heathy index score (CNHI-score) based on the sum of z-scores for plasma vitamin A, C and E concentrations was derived. RESULTS: In patients with T2DM the UKDDQ score was associated with lower fasting blood glucose (FBG) (r = –0.33; P < 0.01), hemoglobin A1C (r = –0.49; P < 0.001), total cholesterol (TC) (r = –0.26; P = 0.02) concentrations. In patients with T2DM, the CNHI-score significantly associated with UKDDQ (r = 0.43; P < 0.001). In addition, a higher CNHI-score was associated with FBG (r = –0.61; P < 0.001), HbA1C (r = –0.83; P < 0.001), TC (r = –0.30; P < 0.01) and triglyceride (r = –0.30; P < 0.01) concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: A healthy diet is associated with a higher concentration of anti-oxidant vitamins and better glycemic and lipid profile in healthy subjects and in patients with T2DM.
{"title":"Adherence to a healthy dietary pattern is associated with greater anti-oxidant capacity and improved glycemic control in Iraqi patients with Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"A. Ashor, Thaer M. M. Al-Rammahi, Vian Mohammed Abdulrazzaq, M. Siervo","doi":"10.3233/mnm-210016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-210016","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Healthy dietary patterns are typically associated with improved metabolic and cardiovascular health in population-based cohorts. This study aims to investigate whether a healthy dietary score, derived from UK Diabetes and Diet Questionnaire (UKDDQ), is significantly associated with measures of metabolic health and nutritional status in patients with T2DM. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 85 patients with T2DM (age: 51.7±9.4, BMI: 30.6±5.3) and 20 healthy volunteers (age: 48.4±8.6, BMI: 29.5±5) recruited from the Al-Hassan Diabetes and Endocrinology Specialized Center, Karbala, Iraq. Body weight, height and body mass index (BMI) and resting clinic blood pressure were measured. All participants completed the UKDDQ to assess the quality of the diet. Metabolic and nutritional biomarkers were measured in fasting blood samples. A composite nutritional heathy index score (CNHI-score) based on the sum of z-scores for plasma vitamin A, C and E concentrations was derived. RESULTS: In patients with T2DM the UKDDQ score was associated with lower fasting blood glucose (FBG) (r = –0.33; P < 0.01), hemoglobin A1C (r = –0.49; P < 0.001), total cholesterol (TC) (r = –0.26; P = 0.02) concentrations. In patients with T2DM, the CNHI-score significantly associated with UKDDQ (r = 0.43; P < 0.001). In addition, a higher CNHI-score was associated with FBG (r = –0.61; P < 0.001), HbA1C (r = –0.83; P < 0.001), TC (r = –0.30; P < 0.01) and triglyceride (r = –0.30; P < 0.01) concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: A healthy diet is associated with a higher concentration of anti-oxidant vitamins and better glycemic and lipid profile in healthy subjects and in patients with T2DM.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47647632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Kaur, Ng Choon Ming, Yap Wern Lli, Teoh Ai Ni, Chew Wan Ling
BACKGROUND: Recognizing food groups consumption in young adults offers an opportunity to improve dietary pattern in early adulthood. OBJECTIVE: Hence, this cross-sectional study aimed to determine food groups’ intake of young adults and to identify food groups associated with adiposity. METHODS: Youths aged 18–25 years old from private universities in Klang Valley, Malaysia, participated in the study (n = 294). Three days 24-hour dietary recall assessed youths’ food groups intake. Adiposity (BMI, body fat percentage, visceral fat level, waist circumference) was determined based on standard protocol. Height was measured using SECA 206 body meter, while weight, body fat percentage, and visceral fat level were measured using the Omron HBF-356 Body Fat Analyzer. Waist circumference was determined using a measuring tape. RESULTS: In total, 49.3% and 34.7% of youths were overweight/obese and abdominally obese, respectively. The median visceral fat level was 4 (6). Youths consumed 214 (247) kcal of ultra-processed foods daily and exceeded the sugar [32.43 (41.20) g] and sodium recommendation [2425.26 (1455.18) mg]. Fruits [0.29±0.72 servings/day], vegetables [0.95±0.77 servings/day] and milk [0.24±0.38 servings/day] were below recommendations. Increased intake of meat and sodium were associated with higher BMI, waist circumference, body fat percentage, and visceral fat (p < 0.001). Greater intake of ultra-processed food was associated with high BMI (p = 0.009), waist circumference (p = 0.046), and visceral fat (p = 0.014). Besides, high sugar intake was associated with greater BMI (p = 0.003), body fat percentage (p = 0.020), and visceral fat (p = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS: Meat, sugar, sodium, and ultra-processed foods were high-risk foods associated with adiposity among young adults. There is a need to improve education and support to promote healthy eating for chronic disease prevention related to metabolic abnormalities.
{"title":"Identifying dietary pattern associated with adiposity among Malaysian young adults","authors":"S. Kaur, Ng Choon Ming, Yap Wern Lli, Teoh Ai Ni, Chew Wan Ling","doi":"10.3233/mnm-211541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-211541","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Recognizing food groups consumption in young adults offers an opportunity to improve dietary pattern in early adulthood. OBJECTIVE: Hence, this cross-sectional study aimed to determine food groups’ intake of young adults and to identify food groups associated with adiposity. METHODS: Youths aged 18–25 years old from private universities in Klang Valley, Malaysia, participated in the study (n = 294). Three days 24-hour dietary recall assessed youths’ food groups intake. Adiposity (BMI, body fat percentage, visceral fat level, waist circumference) was determined based on standard protocol. Height was measured using SECA 206 body meter, while weight, body fat percentage, and visceral fat level were measured using the Omron HBF-356 Body Fat Analyzer. Waist circumference was determined using a measuring tape. RESULTS: In total, 49.3% and 34.7% of youths were overweight/obese and abdominally obese, respectively. The median visceral fat level was 4 (6). Youths consumed 214 (247) kcal of ultra-processed foods daily and exceeded the sugar [32.43 (41.20) g] and sodium recommendation [2425.26 (1455.18) mg]. Fruits [0.29±0.72 servings/day], vegetables [0.95±0.77 servings/day] and milk [0.24±0.38 servings/day] were below recommendations. Increased intake of meat and sodium were associated with higher BMI, waist circumference, body fat percentage, and visceral fat (p < 0.001). Greater intake of ultra-processed food was associated with high BMI (p = 0.009), waist circumference (p = 0.046), and visceral fat (p = 0.014). Besides, high sugar intake was associated with greater BMI (p = 0.003), body fat percentage (p = 0.020), and visceral fat (p = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS: Meat, sugar, sodium, and ultra-processed foods were high-risk foods associated with adiposity among young adults. There is a need to improve education and support to promote healthy eating for chronic disease prevention related to metabolic abnormalities.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44246974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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