F. Gültekin, Sumeyye Koc, Özalp Ekinci, A. Kanık, Büşra Üstündağ
BACKGROUND: Sweetened beverages (SBs) have been linked to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), possibly because they contain sugar, caffeine, artificial colors, sweeteners, and preservatives. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to show how SBs affect ADHD and to investigate the potential contribution of the various ingredients in SBs to this effect. METHODS: The study consisted of 239 children, ranging from 6 to 10 years old, divided into two groups: 111 with ADHD, diagnosed by a doctor in the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic, and 128 in the control group, who were selected from schools. The modified Food Consumption Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) with 17 sweetened beverages was used in the assessment of beverage consumption. The consumption record was taken together with the brands of the beverages and the label information of the products was examined and the amounts of sugar, caffeine, artificial colors, sweeteners and preservatives in the beverages were calculated. Maximum food additives consumed (mg/day/kg b.w.) values of food additives were calculated according to body weight. To establish the relationship between ADHD and beverage consumption, logistic regression analysis was conducted. RESULTS: Children with ADHD consumed more fruit juice, carbonated beverages, flavored beverages, sugary milk, sugar, caffeine, sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate compared to their healthy peers (p < 0.05). The logistic regression analysis revealed that drinking fruit juice, sugary milk, carbonated beverages, and flavored drinks was significantly associated with ADHD (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The consumption of sweetened beverages containing sugar, caffeine, and food additives could potentially effect children’s behavior.
{"title":"Is There any Connection Between ADHD and the Additives in Sweetened Beverages?","authors":"F. Gültekin, Sumeyye Koc, Özalp Ekinci, A. Kanık, Büşra Üstündağ","doi":"10.3233/mnm-230034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-230034","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Sweetened beverages (SBs) have been linked to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), possibly because they contain sugar, caffeine, artificial colors, sweeteners, and preservatives. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to show how SBs affect ADHD and to investigate the potential contribution of the various ingredients in SBs to this effect. METHODS: The study consisted of 239 children, ranging from 6 to 10 years old, divided into two groups: 111 with ADHD, diagnosed by a doctor in the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic, and 128 in the control group, who were selected from schools. The modified Food Consumption Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) with 17 sweetened beverages was used in the assessment of beverage consumption. The consumption record was taken together with the brands of the beverages and the label information of the products was examined and the amounts of sugar, caffeine, artificial colors, sweeteners and preservatives in the beverages were calculated. Maximum food additives consumed (mg/day/kg b.w.) values of food additives were calculated according to body weight. To establish the relationship between ADHD and beverage consumption, logistic regression analysis was conducted. RESULTS: Children with ADHD consumed more fruit juice, carbonated beverages, flavored beverages, sugary milk, sugar, caffeine, sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate compared to their healthy peers (p < 0.05). The logistic regression analysis revealed that drinking fruit juice, sugary milk, carbonated beverages, and flavored drinks was significantly associated with ADHD (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The consumption of sweetened beverages containing sugar, caffeine, and food additives could potentially effect children’s behavior.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43188761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yasmany Armas Diaz, Zexiu Qi, Bei Yang, Nohora Milena Martínez López, Mercedes Briones Urbano, Danila Cianciosi
Betalains are water-soluble, nitrogen-containing vacuolar pigment and can be divided into two subclasses: the yellow – orange betaxanthins and the red – violet betacyanin. These pigments can be found mainly in Latin America, but also in some parts of Asia, Africa, Australia and in the Mediterranean area. In this work an overview related with the status of research about betalains extracted from Opuntia spp and the enforces made to evaluate their positive incidence in the human body is provided. Several studies enhance their anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. They also exhibit antimicrobial and antidiabetic effect. Taking into account these properties, betalains seem to be a promising natural alternative as a colorant to replace the synthetic ones in the food additive industry. In addition, the use of Opuntia spp fruits as possible colorant sources in the Food Industry, may contribute positively to the sustainable development in semi-arid regions.
{"title":"Betalains: the main bioactive compounds of Opuntia spp and their possible health benefits in the Mediterranean diet","authors":"Yasmany Armas Diaz, Zexiu Qi, Bei Yang, Nohora Milena Martínez López, Mercedes Briones Urbano, Danila Cianciosi","doi":"10.3233/mnm-230027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-230027","url":null,"abstract":"Betalains are water-soluble, nitrogen-containing vacuolar pigment and can be divided into two subclasses: the yellow – orange betaxanthins and the red – violet betacyanin. These pigments can be found mainly in Latin America, but also in some parts of Asia, Africa, Australia and in the Mediterranean area. In this work an overview related with the status of research about betalains extracted from Opuntia spp and the enforces made to evaluate their positive incidence in the human body is provided. Several studies enhance their anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. They also exhibit antimicrobial and antidiabetic effect. Taking into account these properties, betalains seem to be a promising natural alternative as a colorant to replace the synthetic ones in the food additive industry. In addition, the use of Opuntia spp fruits as possible colorant sources in the Food Industry, may contribute positively to the sustainable development in semi-arid regions.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47513028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Sulistyowati, D. Handayani, Setyawati Soeharto, Xu-Feng Huang, A. Rudijanto
BACKGROUND: Brown rice contains nutrients that significantly reduce the incidence of obesity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of brown rice as a functional food on the reduction of obesity incidence through the pathways of gut microbiota dysbiosis. METHODS: In this study, we used white rats (Rattus norvegicus albus), which were divided into five groups, i.e., Normal, High fructose feed diet (HFFD), HFFD + Brown rice (BR) I, HFFD + BR II, HFFD + BR III. The parameters were SCFA concentration, FFAR3 expression, and Firmicutes– Bacteroidetes ratio. RESULTS: The rats fed HFFD + BR III diet with a high intake of brown rice resulted in a greater reduction in abdominal circumference. The group of rats fed the HFFD had a higher BFI than the other rats. The brown rice intervention reduced the Lee index, a higher concentration of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), and led to a higher reduction in Firmicutes– Bacteroidetes ratio. The brown rice intervention also increased the FFAR3 expression in the rat ileal L cells. CONCLUSIONS: Brown rice has significant benefits for reducing obesity, as evidenced by the improvement in the abdominal circumference, Lee index, and BFI through the improvement of intestinal dysbiosis and increase in SCFA concentration and FFAR3 expression.
{"title":"Brown rice improves obesity parameters and dysbiosis of gut microbiota","authors":"E. Sulistyowati, D. Handayani, Setyawati Soeharto, Xu-Feng Huang, A. Rudijanto","doi":"10.3233/mnm-220108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-220108","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Brown rice contains nutrients that significantly reduce the incidence of obesity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of brown rice as a functional food on the reduction of obesity incidence through the pathways of gut microbiota dysbiosis. METHODS: In this study, we used white rats (Rattus norvegicus albus), which were divided into five groups, i.e., Normal, High fructose feed diet (HFFD), HFFD + Brown rice (BR) I, HFFD + BR II, HFFD + BR III. The parameters were SCFA concentration, FFAR3 expression, and Firmicutes– Bacteroidetes ratio. RESULTS: The rats fed HFFD + BR III diet with a high intake of brown rice resulted in a greater reduction in abdominal circumference. The group of rats fed the HFFD had a higher BFI than the other rats. The brown rice intervention reduced the Lee index, a higher concentration of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), and led to a higher reduction in Firmicutes– Bacteroidetes ratio. The brown rice intervention also increased the FFAR3 expression in the rat ileal L cells. CONCLUSIONS: Brown rice has significant benefits for reducing obesity, as evidenced by the improvement in the abdominal circumference, Lee index, and BFI through the improvement of intestinal dysbiosis and increase in SCFA concentration and FFAR3 expression.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44354242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hilda Del Carmen Silva Cambranis, Marvel Del Carmen Valencia Gutiérrez, Rafael Enrique Meneses López, María De Jesús García Ramírez, Magnolia Del Rosario López Méndez
Nutritional education in Mexico is a necessary strategy to address the serious public health problem that is currently being experienced, since the population is suffering from chronic degenerative diseases, such as obesity, dyslipidemias, arterial hypertension and pathologies that unfortunately are already present in children thanks to a poor and unbalanced diet. Seeking alternatives for food orientation and for reducing these health problems, the Mediterranean diet was taken as an inspiring model. This healthy pattern, which has been recognized by UNESCO as an intangible cultural heritage of humanity, is characterized by several structural elements, such as the promotion of regional and seasonal food, the respect of the nature, the cooking food at home, the consumption of a moderate amount of food, the promotion of family ties and communication, the practice of daily physical exercise and adequate rest. The proposal for a Mediterranean-based Mayan diet model also aims to integrate the entity’s native resources, promote food security in the southeast region of Mexico nd preserve the ancient recipes that have been inherited from our Mayan ancestors.
{"title":"Mayan diet model based on the Mediterranean diet as a nutritional alternative for southeastern Mexico","authors":"Hilda Del Carmen Silva Cambranis, Marvel Del Carmen Valencia Gutiérrez, Rafael Enrique Meneses López, María De Jesús García Ramírez, Magnolia Del Rosario López Méndez","doi":"10.3233/mnm-230023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-230023","url":null,"abstract":" Nutritional education in Mexico is a necessary strategy to address the serious public health problem that is currently being experienced, since the population is suffering from chronic degenerative diseases, such as obesity, dyslipidemias, arterial hypertension and pathologies that unfortunately are already present in children thanks to a poor and unbalanced diet. Seeking alternatives for food orientation and for reducing these health problems, the Mediterranean diet was taken as an inspiring model. This healthy pattern, which has been recognized by UNESCO as an intangible cultural heritage of humanity, is characterized by several structural elements, such as the promotion of regional and seasonal food, the respect of the nature, the cooking food at home, the consumption of a moderate amount of food, the promotion of family ties and communication, the practice of daily physical exercise and adequate rest. The proposal for a Mediterranean-based Mayan diet model also aims to integrate the entity’s native resources, promote food security in the southeast region of Mexico nd preserve the ancient recipes that have been inherited from our Mayan ancestors.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44148225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) inhabit not only arid areas but are among common domestic animals that are normally kept for numerous uses. It’s raw milk (CM) is believed to have exceptional nutraceutical value in addition to it’s other uses similar to camel itself. This study aimed to evaluate hypotensive efficacy of raw CM within context of chemical induced hypertension model in albino rats. Rats received the chemical; L-NAME (50 mg/kg body weight/day, p.o.) and amlodipine (10 mg/kg/day, p.o.) as negative and positive controls for 4 weeks. Rats of treatment group received concurrently L-NAME (50 mg/kg body weight /day, p.o.) and raw milk of camel at (100, 300, and 500 mg/kg body weight/day p.o.) respectively for 4 weeks. Result showed significant decrease (p < 0.001) in treatment relative to negative control in all measured parameters viz systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressures in accordance to the used dosages. Also elevated levels of liver/kidney biomarkers in negative control became reduced compared to normal and positive controls courtesy of CM treatment. In conclusion, obtained data revealed CM to be effective in controlling hypertension. The bioactive constituents present in CM appeared likely to be responsible for the observed effect of antioxidant action and ACE inhibition. Evidence is thus provided from research findings that raw CM can afford efficient hypotensive effect.
{"title":"Camel (Camelus dromedarius) raw milk’s hypotensive roles within chemical induced hypertension model in rats","authors":"R. A. Dogondaji, M. Lawal, R. Wasagu, A. Yakubu","doi":"10.3233/mnm-220099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-220099","url":null,"abstract":"Dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) inhabit not only arid areas but are among common domestic animals that are normally kept for numerous uses. It’s raw milk (CM) is believed to have exceptional nutraceutical value in addition to it’s other uses similar to camel itself. This study aimed to evaluate hypotensive efficacy of raw CM within context of chemical induced hypertension model in albino rats. Rats received the chemical; L-NAME (50 mg/kg body weight/day, p.o.) and amlodipine (10 mg/kg/day, p.o.) as negative and positive controls for 4 weeks. Rats of treatment group received concurrently L-NAME (50 mg/kg body weight /day, p.o.) and raw milk of camel at (100, 300, and 500 mg/kg body weight/day p.o.) respectively for 4 weeks. Result showed significant decrease (p < 0.001) in treatment relative to negative control in all measured parameters viz systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressures in accordance to the used dosages. Also elevated levels of liver/kidney biomarkers in negative control became reduced compared to normal and positive controls courtesy of CM treatment. In conclusion, obtained data revealed CM to be effective in controlling hypertension. The bioactive constituents present in CM appeared likely to be responsible for the observed effect of antioxidant action and ACE inhibition. Evidence is thus provided from research findings that raw CM can afford efficient hypotensive effect.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41634245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carla Guzmán, G. Muñoz, P. Araneda, P. Arancibia, Felipe Gacitúa
BACKGROUND: Polyphenols are a group of compounds distributed in foods of plant origin and have been considered as effective protective agents against chronic diseases. To date, there are limited data on polyphenol intakes worldwide. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to describe the intake of polyphenols and their subclasses in Chile based on data extracted from the National Food Consumption Survey 2010 –2012 (ENCA). METHODS: A total of 3658 participants were selected from whom information on food consumption frequency, anthropometric, clinical, socioeconomic and lifestyle variables were available. RESULTS: The mean intake value of total polyphenols was 979.5 + 695.5 mg/day. A higher intake was observed in men than in women. In addition, among adults, there is a higher consumption in the South macrozone. An increase in the intake of total polyphenols was evidenced when the population belonged to the high socioeconomic stratum, and the most consumed types were flavonoids and phenolic acids. CONCLUSION: Due to the growing evidence that shows a protective effect of polyphenol consumption, it is necessary to carry out more research related to the consumption of these compounds, promoting the consumption of foods that provide them and thus contributing to improve the current epidemiological.
{"title":"Dietary intake of polyphenols in adults and older adults residing in Chile: A population-based study","authors":"Carla Guzmán, G. Muñoz, P. Araneda, P. Arancibia, Felipe Gacitúa","doi":"10.3233/mnm-230010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-230010","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Polyphenols are a group of compounds distributed in foods of plant origin and have been considered as effective protective agents against chronic diseases. To date, there are limited data on polyphenol intakes worldwide. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to describe the intake of polyphenols and their subclasses in Chile based on data extracted from the National Food Consumption Survey 2010 –2012 (ENCA). METHODS: A total of 3658 participants were selected from whom information on food consumption frequency, anthropometric, clinical, socioeconomic and lifestyle variables were available. RESULTS: The mean intake value of total polyphenols was 979.5 + 695.5 mg/day. A higher intake was observed in men than in women. In addition, among adults, there is a higher consumption in the South macrozone. An increase in the intake of total polyphenols was evidenced when the population belonged to the high socioeconomic stratum, and the most consumed types were flavonoids and phenolic acids. CONCLUSION: Due to the growing evidence that shows a protective effect of polyphenol consumption, it is necessary to carry out more research related to the consumption of these compounds, promoting the consumption of foods that provide them and thus contributing to improve the current epidemiological.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43974420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pelin Baltacı, Özlem Tanrıöver, H. Yavuzer, D. Erdinçler, Ozan Emre Eyupoglu
BACKGROUND: In this study, our aim was to investigate the quality of dietary intake of elderly individuals and to identify the factors that may be associated with their diet quality. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 198 elderly participants. Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) was used to evaluate nutritional status. The frequency of dietary intake was assessed using the Elderly Diet Index (EDI) score. RESULTS: The median age of study population was 76.0 years. The median EDI score was 27.0, moreover, only 27.3%of the study population had moderate or high diet quality. The results of the univariate analysis revealed that having an average or a poor appetite reduced the diet quality in the elderly which was statistically significantly (p = 0.010 and p = 0.019, respectively), and each point increase in the MNA score statistically significantly increased the chance of moderate/good diet quality by 1.16 times. CONCLUSIONS: The poor diet quality of the elderly was associated with their education, appetite, nutritional, and smoking status.
{"title":"Evaluation of diet quality and associated factors in geriatric outpatients: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Pelin Baltacı, Özlem Tanrıöver, H. Yavuzer, D. Erdinçler, Ozan Emre Eyupoglu","doi":"10.3233/mnm-220112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-220112","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: In this study, our aim was to investigate the quality of dietary intake of elderly individuals and to identify the factors that may be associated with their diet quality. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 198 elderly participants. Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) was used to evaluate nutritional status. The frequency of dietary intake was assessed using the Elderly Diet Index (EDI) score. RESULTS: The median age of study population was 76.0 years. The median EDI score was 27.0, moreover, only 27.3%of the study population had moderate or high diet quality. The results of the univariate analysis revealed that having an average or a poor appetite reduced the diet quality in the elderly which was statistically significantly (p = 0.010 and p = 0.019, respectively), and each point increase in the MNA score statistically significantly increased the chance of moderate/good diet quality by 1.16 times. CONCLUSIONS: The poor diet quality of the elderly was associated with their education, appetite, nutritional, and smoking status.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44572126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siham Mekki, M. Belhocine, M. Bouzouina, B. Chaouad, Abassia Mostari
Medicinal plants offer an important therapeutic resource in treatment of male infertility. We aim to evaluate the possible therapeutic effects of Salvia balansae on metabolic disorders and testicular dysfunction resulting from a high-fat diet (HFD). Antioxidant activity of aqueous extract of S. balansae leaves was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, 2,2’-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assay and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assay. Antidiabetic activity was determined by α-amylase inhibition. In vivo, HFD was administered in Wistar rats for 18 weeks and aqueous extract of S. balansae for the last 6 weeks (200 mg/Kg of body weight/day). At the term of experimentation, testosterone and some plasma parameters were analyzed and removed testes were subjected to a histomorphometric study. Our results show high levels of phenolic components in aqueous extract of S. balansae and significant antioxidant and antidiabetic activity. HFD increases body weight, causes type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, liver failure and inflammation. Also, HFD decreases testosterone and alters testis histological structure (seminiferous tubular degeneration, impaired spermatogenesis and interstitial fibrosis). Treatment of HFD rats with extract of S. balansae normalizes body weight and plasma parameters, increases testosterone and regenerates testicular structure and function. In summary, S. balansae could reduce metabolic complications induced by HFD and serve the basis for developing a new therapy for testicular dysfunction.
{"title":"Therapeutic effects of Salvia balansae on metabolic disorders and testicular dysfunction mediated by a high-fat diet in Wistar rats","authors":"Siham Mekki, M. Belhocine, M. Bouzouina, B. Chaouad, Abassia Mostari","doi":"10.3233/mnm-220094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-220094","url":null,"abstract":"Medicinal plants offer an important therapeutic resource in treatment of male infertility. We aim to evaluate the possible therapeutic effects of Salvia balansae on metabolic disorders and testicular dysfunction resulting from a high-fat diet (HFD). Antioxidant activity of aqueous extract of S. balansae leaves was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, 2,2’-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assay and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assay. Antidiabetic activity was determined by α-amylase inhibition. In vivo, HFD was administered in Wistar rats for 18 weeks and aqueous extract of S. balansae for the last 6 weeks (200 mg/Kg of body weight/day). At the term of experimentation, testosterone and some plasma parameters were analyzed and removed testes were subjected to a histomorphometric study. Our results show high levels of phenolic components in aqueous extract of S. balansae and significant antioxidant and antidiabetic activity. HFD increases body weight, causes type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, liver failure and inflammation. Also, HFD decreases testosterone and alters testis histological structure (seminiferous tubular degeneration, impaired spermatogenesis and interstitial fibrosis). Treatment of HFD rats with extract of S. balansae normalizes body weight and plasma parameters, increases testosterone and regenerates testicular structure and function. In summary, S. balansae could reduce metabolic complications induced by HFD and serve the basis for developing a new therapy for testicular dysfunction.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47858363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wusa Makena, J. Hambolu, U. Umana, A. I. Iliya, J. Timbuak, S. Bazabang
BACKGROUND: The liver is a vital organ responsible for regulating the normal glucose homeostasis in the body system, and hepatic glucose metabolic dysregulation is one of the most critical elements in the pathogenesis of DM. METHOD: Twenty-five healthy rats aged seven weeks were divided into the following main groups; non-diabetic, diabetic untreated, diabetic treated with 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of MC fruit, and diabetic treated with Metformin (500 mg/kg). Different models of in vitro antioxidant assays of MC fruit were also determined. RESULTS: The results showed that MC fruit has high antioxidant potential against DPPH, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, good reducing ferric power, significant Inhibition of lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant activities. The FBG levels decreased significantly in MC fruit treatment groups compared to diabetes control (DC) rats. The histology of the hepatic tissue of the diabetic untreated rats revealed a marked depletion in glycogen granules and hepatic DNA. These negative features were ameliorated in the MC fruit treated rats, as consistent glycogen granule storage and improved hepatic DNA presence were observed in the MC fruit treated rats. CONCLUSION: MC fruit reduces blood glucose levels in a diabetic rat model, and it also preserves the hepatic DNA and glycogen granules. MC fruit has a significant in vitro antioxidant activity.
{"title":"Antidiabetic and in vitro antioxidant potential of Mormodica charantia L. fruit in Experimentally Induced Wistar Rat Model of Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"Wusa Makena, J. Hambolu, U. Umana, A. I. Iliya, J. Timbuak, S. Bazabang","doi":"10.3233/mnm-220035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-220035","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The liver is a vital organ responsible for regulating the normal glucose homeostasis in the body system, and hepatic glucose metabolic dysregulation is one of the most critical elements in the pathogenesis of DM. METHOD: Twenty-five healthy rats aged seven weeks were divided into the following main groups; non-diabetic, diabetic untreated, diabetic treated with 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of MC fruit, and diabetic treated with Metformin (500 mg/kg). Different models of in vitro antioxidant assays of MC fruit were also determined. RESULTS: The results showed that MC fruit has high antioxidant potential against DPPH, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, good reducing ferric power, significant Inhibition of lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant activities. The FBG levels decreased significantly in MC fruit treatment groups compared to diabetes control (DC) rats. The histology of the hepatic tissue of the diabetic untreated rats revealed a marked depletion in glycogen granules and hepatic DNA. These negative features were ameliorated in the MC fruit treated rats, as consistent glycogen granule storage and improved hepatic DNA presence were observed in the MC fruit treated rats. CONCLUSION: MC fruit reduces blood glucose levels in a diabetic rat model, and it also preserves the hepatic DNA and glycogen granules. MC fruit has a significant in vitro antioxidant activity.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43959167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cactus has been used in traditional folk medicine because of its role in treating a number of diseases and conditions. Prickly pear fruit is an excellent source of secondary metabolites (i.e., betalains, flavonoids, and ascorbic acid) with health-promoting properties against many common human diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, rheumatic pain, gastric mucosa diseases and asthma. In addition, prickly pears are potential candidates for the development of low-cost functional foods because they grow with low water requirements in arid regions of the world. This review describes the main bioactive compounds found in this fruit and shows the in vitro and some clinical studies about the fruit of most important cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) and its relationship with some chronic diseases. Even though a lot of effort have been done to study the relationship between this fruit and the human health, more studies on Opuntia ficus-indica could help better understand its pharmacological mechanism of action to provide clear scientific evidence to explain its traditional uses, and to identify its therapeutic potential in other diseases.
{"title":"Prickly pear fruits from Opuntia ficus-indica varieties as a source of potential bioactive compounds in the Mediterranean diet","authors":"Yasmany Armas Díaz, Michele Machì, Alessia Salinari, Cristina Mazas Pérez-Oleaga, Nohora Milena Martínez López, Mercedes Briones Urbano, Danila Cianciosi","doi":"10.3233/mnm-220102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-220102","url":null,"abstract":"Cactus has been used in traditional folk medicine because of its role in treating a number of diseases and conditions. Prickly pear fruit is an excellent source of secondary metabolites (i.e., betalains, flavonoids, and ascorbic acid) with health-promoting properties against many common human diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, rheumatic pain, gastric mucosa diseases and asthma. In addition, prickly pears are potential candidates for the development of low-cost functional foods because they grow with low water requirements in arid regions of the world. This review describes the main bioactive compounds found in this fruit and shows the in vitro and some clinical studies about the fruit of most important cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) and its relationship with some chronic diseases. Even though a lot of effort have been done to study the relationship between this fruit and the human health, more studies on Opuntia ficus-indica could help better understand its pharmacological mechanism of action to provide clear scientific evidence to explain its traditional uses, and to identify its therapeutic potential in other diseases.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42467161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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