Thi Dung Nguyen, B. D. Mai, Thi Tam Doan, Nguyen Thanh Thao Vo, Quang Luan Le, Thi Loan Ha
BACKGROUND: Stachys affinis Bunge (S. affinis) tubers are rich in carbohydrate with a large amount of stachyose which had been proven to have antidiabetic potential. OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to evaluate hypoglycemic effects of tuber extract of Stachys affinis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. METHODS: The stachyose content of the extract was determined by UPLC. Diabetes was induced by the administration of single dose of streptozotocin (170 mg/kg). The hypoglycemic effects of the extract were evaluated by comparing fasting blood glucose level, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity between groups treated with the S. affinis tuber extract (at doses of 750 mg/kg and 1500 mg/kg) and diabetic control group over 28 days of treatment. RESULTS: The daily treatment with the extract at doses of 750 mg/kg and 1500 mg/kg significantly reduced fasting blood glucose level from 278.12 mg/dL to 127.50 mg/dL, and 238.97 mg/dL to 177.12 mg/dL (p < 0.01), respectively. Besides, the treatment also improved the sensitivity of diabetic treated mice to insulin (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The study revealed that the S. affinis tuber extract demonstrated significant hypoglycemic effects.
{"title":"Hypoglycemic effects of Stachys affinis Bunge in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice","authors":"Thi Dung Nguyen, B. D. Mai, Thi Tam Doan, Nguyen Thanh Thao Vo, Quang Luan Le, Thi Loan Ha","doi":"10.3233/mnm-230043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-230043","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Stachys affinis Bunge (S. affinis) tubers are rich in carbohydrate with a large amount of stachyose which had been proven to have antidiabetic potential. OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to evaluate hypoglycemic effects of tuber extract of Stachys affinis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. METHODS: The stachyose content of the extract was determined by UPLC. Diabetes was induced by the administration of single dose of streptozotocin (170 mg/kg). The hypoglycemic effects of the extract were evaluated by comparing fasting blood glucose level, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity between groups treated with the S. affinis tuber extract (at doses of 750 mg/kg and 1500 mg/kg) and diabetic control group over 28 days of treatment. RESULTS: The daily treatment with the extract at doses of 750 mg/kg and 1500 mg/kg significantly reduced fasting blood glucose level from 278.12 mg/dL to 127.50 mg/dL, and 238.97 mg/dL to 177.12 mg/dL (p < 0.01), respectively. Besides, the treatment also improved the sensitivity of diabetic treated mice to insulin (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The study revealed that the S. affinis tuber extract demonstrated significant hypoglycemic effects.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70143286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annisa Ayuningtyas, K. Djamiatun, Tri Winarni Agustini, Luthfia Dewi
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) appears to be the fundamental cause of morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Improving the level of lipoprotein ratios using natural ingredients was widely used. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine antioxidant source-Litopenaeus vannamei shell powder (LVSP) to rebalance the lipoprotein ratios in diabetic rats. METHODS: A-14 days prior to streptozotocin (STZ) injection, male Wistar rats (n = 30) were evenly grouped into non-intervention (C–), pre-intervention high-fat diet (C+), pre-intervention high-fat diet with LVSP dose 0.89 g/body weight (BW), pre-intervention high-fat diet with LVSP dose 1.77 g/BW (T2), and pre-intervention high-fat diet with astaxanthin 0.09 mg/BW (T3). RESULTS: A reduction of LDL, total cholesterol (TC), and TC/HDL, LDL/HDL, and LDL/TC ratio was observed (p < 0.001). A negative, strong correlation was found between the change of adiponectin to the change of TC (r=–0.94), LDL (r=–0.92), TC/HDL (r=–0.94), LDL/HDL (r=–0.91), and LDL/TC (r=–0.82). The magnitude of improvement showed a dose-dependent manner, and the high dose delineated a comparable effect to astaxanthin. CONCLUSION: The present study brought a profound finding on the potential of LV to reduce cardiovascular index in T2DM rats.
{"title":"L. vannamei shells reduces atherogenic index of plasma: A preclinical study in diabetic rats","authors":"Annisa Ayuningtyas, K. Djamiatun, Tri Winarni Agustini, Luthfia Dewi","doi":"10.3233/mnm-230048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-230048","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) appears to be the fundamental cause of morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Improving the level of lipoprotein ratios using natural ingredients was widely used. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine antioxidant source-Litopenaeus vannamei shell powder (LVSP) to rebalance the lipoprotein ratios in diabetic rats. METHODS: A-14 days prior to streptozotocin (STZ) injection, male Wistar rats (n = 30) were evenly grouped into non-intervention (C–), pre-intervention high-fat diet (C+), pre-intervention high-fat diet with LVSP dose 0.89 g/body weight (BW), pre-intervention high-fat diet with LVSP dose 1.77 g/BW (T2), and pre-intervention high-fat diet with astaxanthin 0.09 mg/BW (T3). RESULTS: A reduction of LDL, total cholesterol (TC), and TC/HDL, LDL/HDL, and LDL/TC ratio was observed (p < 0.001). A negative, strong correlation was found between the change of adiponectin to the change of TC (r=–0.94), LDL (r=–0.92), TC/HDL (r=–0.94), LDL/HDL (r=–0.91), and LDL/TC (r=–0.82). The magnitude of improvement showed a dose-dependent manner, and the high dose delineated a comparable effect to astaxanthin. CONCLUSION: The present study brought a profound finding on the potential of LV to reduce cardiovascular index in T2DM rats.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41326405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Erratum to: Dietary vitamin D intake and sun exposure are not associated with type 1 diabetic schoolchildren and adolescents: A first report in Algeria","authors":"","doi":"10.3233/mnm-239001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-239001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48988998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Papadopoulos, Constantine Anagnostopoulos, Athanasios Zisimopoulos, Maria I. Panopoulou, Dimitrios Papazoglou, A. Grapsa, Thaleia Tente, Ioannis Tentes
BACKGROUND: Carbohydrates as starch are a staple part of human diet. Upon starch digestion, glucose is absorbed, eliciting an insulin response. Glucose absorption kinetics (rapid or slow) depend on starch structure. Products made from wholemeal/wholegrain flour cause moderate glycemic and insulinemic responses and support a healthy lifestyle. OBJECTIVE: To review the nutritional value in terms of the in vivo glycemic and insulinemic index and the in vitro digestibility characteristics of six wholemeal/wholegrain commercial bakery products. METHODS: We analyzed in vitro the rapidly- and slowly- available glucose (RAG and SAG), the rapidly- and slowly- digestible starch (RDS and SDS), and the resistant starch (RS) fraction of the six wholemeal/wholegrain products against one white type of bread. The glycemic (GI) and the insulinemic index (II) were estimated in vivo in a group of eleven healthy individuals. RESULTS: The glycemic indices of the wholemeal/wholegrain flour biscuits and breads were low, (range 28 ± 3.2 to 41 ± 3.9, Mean+SEM) correlating with the insulinemic indices. RAG positively correlated with both GI and II, with fiber having a marginal correlation. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that both conventional and non-conventional wholemeal/wholegrain bakery products have low GI and moderate II, correlating to in vitro starch digestibility and type of processing.
{"title":"Correlation between the in vitro starch digestibility and the glycemic/insulinemic index of biscuits and bread made from non-conventional wholemeal/wholegrain flours","authors":"C. Papadopoulos, Constantine Anagnostopoulos, Athanasios Zisimopoulos, Maria I. Panopoulou, Dimitrios Papazoglou, A. Grapsa, Thaleia Tente, Ioannis Tentes","doi":"10.3233/mnm-220115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-220115","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Carbohydrates as starch are a staple part of human diet. Upon starch digestion, glucose is absorbed, eliciting an insulin response. Glucose absorption kinetics (rapid or slow) depend on starch structure. Products made from wholemeal/wholegrain flour cause moderate glycemic and insulinemic responses and support a healthy lifestyle. OBJECTIVE: To review the nutritional value in terms of the in vivo glycemic and insulinemic index and the in vitro digestibility characteristics of six wholemeal/wholegrain commercial bakery products. METHODS: We analyzed in vitro the rapidly- and slowly- available glucose (RAG and SAG), the rapidly- and slowly- digestible starch (RDS and SDS), and the resistant starch (RS) fraction of the six wholemeal/wholegrain products against one white type of bread. The glycemic (GI) and the insulinemic index (II) were estimated in vivo in a group of eleven healthy individuals. RESULTS: The glycemic indices of the wholemeal/wholegrain flour biscuits and breads were low, (range 28 ± 3.2 to 41 ± 3.9, Mean+SEM) correlating with the insulinemic indices. RAG positively correlated with both GI and II, with fiber having a marginal correlation. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that both conventional and non-conventional wholemeal/wholegrain bakery products have low GI and moderate II, correlating to in vitro starch digestibility and type of processing.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43548503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: The risk of developing an eating disorder can increase with obesity and body weight gain in adolescents. Eating disorders can cause serious physical and psychological problems. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to determine the frequency of eating disorders in adolescents and examine the relationship between obesity and weight gain. METHODS: The sample was selected from a population of high school students between the ages of 14–19. The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) was used to determine the frequency of eating disorders. The relationship between anthropometric measurements and the EDE-Q was evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 387 students, 67.4% of the sample female, were included in the study. When the students are evaluated according to BMI classification, 74.67% of the students are in the normal category, 16.53% are overweight, and 5.42% are obese. While female students received a total score of 1.36±1.45 on the scale, male students received a score of 0.85±0.97 (p < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between body weight and BMI, EDE-Q’s total score, and sub-dimension scores (p < 0.05). Additionally, the regression analysis revealed that the total score on the scale was significantly associated with body weight and BMI. EDE-Q’s total score increased by 1 unit, there was an increase of approximately 3.01 kg in body weight and 1.19 kg/m2 in BMI. CONCLUSION: In adolescents, the risk of developing an eating disorder can increase with obesity and body weight gain. Early diagnosis and treatment of eating disorders can help prevent long-term health problems.
{"title":"Body weight gain in adolescents can increase the risk of developing an eating disorder","authors":"Tuba Tekin, Nurcan Bağlam","doi":"10.3233/mnm-230033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-230033","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The risk of developing an eating disorder can increase with obesity and body weight gain in adolescents. Eating disorders can cause serious physical and psychological problems. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to determine the frequency of eating disorders in adolescents and examine the relationship between obesity and weight gain. METHODS: The sample was selected from a population of high school students between the ages of 14–19. The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) was used to determine the frequency of eating disorders. The relationship between anthropometric measurements and the EDE-Q was evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 387 students, 67.4% of the sample female, were included in the study. When the students are evaluated according to BMI classification, 74.67% of the students are in the normal category, 16.53% are overweight, and 5.42% are obese. While female students received a total score of 1.36±1.45 on the scale, male students received a score of 0.85±0.97 (p < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between body weight and BMI, EDE-Q’s total score, and sub-dimension scores (p < 0.05). Additionally, the regression analysis revealed that the total score on the scale was significantly associated with body weight and BMI. EDE-Q’s total score increased by 1 unit, there was an increase of approximately 3.01 kg in body weight and 1.19 kg/m2 in BMI. CONCLUSION: In adolescents, the risk of developing an eating disorder can increase with obesity and body weight gain. Early diagnosis and treatment of eating disorders can help prevent long-term health problems.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47430361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vasileia Antoniou, S. Chrysostomou, K. Giannakou, Elena Hadjimbei
OBJECTIVE: To assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices toward added sugar intake among Cypriot university students. METHODS: This cross- sectional study was conducted among 200 students enrolled in public and private universities in Cyprus. Knowledge, attitudes and practices toward added sugar consumption was evaluated using self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS: Only 8.5% of the students were able to accurately report the recommended values of sugar consumption. Most of the participants (76% ) were aware of the health consequences of excessive sugar consumption, whereas 63.5% were aware of the existence of hidden sources of sugar and 88% of students stated that they read the nutrition declaration of the products that they are considering consuming. About 67% of students stated that they are actively trying to reduce their sugar consumption and the majority consume sugary beverages less than 1 day per week. CONCLUSIONS: Results support that although students read the nutrition facts label there is a limited awareness of sugar intake recommendations. Tailored-made strategies targeting students in order to improve sugar-related knowledge could be warranted.
{"title":"Greek-Cypriot students’ knowledge, attitudes, and actions regarding consumption of added sugar: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Vasileia Antoniou, S. Chrysostomou, K. Giannakou, Elena Hadjimbei","doi":"10.3233/mnm-230032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-230032","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices toward added sugar intake among Cypriot university students. METHODS: This cross- sectional study was conducted among 200 students enrolled in public and private universities in Cyprus. Knowledge, attitudes and practices toward added sugar consumption was evaluated using self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS: Only 8.5% of the students were able to accurately report the recommended values of sugar consumption. Most of the participants (76% ) were aware of the health consequences of excessive sugar consumption, whereas 63.5% were aware of the existence of hidden sources of sugar and 88% of students stated that they read the nutrition declaration of the products that they are considering consuming. About 67% of students stated that they are actively trying to reduce their sugar consumption and the majority consume sugary beverages less than 1 day per week. CONCLUSIONS: Results support that although students read the nutrition facts label there is a limited awareness of sugar intake recommendations. Tailored-made strategies targeting students in order to improve sugar-related knowledge could be warranted.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43717887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a critical and sensitive period of life, a fundamental stage of development, and special attention must be paid to the quality of food. Healthy eating habits at adolescence can be an important factor for healthy eating habits later in life. OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency and knowledge of fruit and vegetable consumption among adolescents in Ain Temouchent (Western Algeria). METHODS: A study was conducted from February 1 to April 30, 2022. 103 adolescents responded to the questionnaire. The participants were boys (n = 48) and girls (n = 55) aged 12 to 18 years from two educational levels (middle school and high school). RESULTS: Adolescents surveyed had a mean BMI equal to 23.2 (kg/m2), considered overweight. The frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption it does not differ between girls and boys (p > 0.05). The consumption of fruits and vegetables was below recommended levels. The evaluation showed that most adolescents do not have a good knowledge of food composition and are not interested in fruits and vegetables in their daily diet (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study showed that adolescents consume few fruits and vegetables, and they have little knowledge of the value of fruits and vegetables in their daily diet.
{"title":"Assessment of the frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption and adolescents’ knowledge of their benefits in Ain Temouchent (Western Algeria)","authors":"Khalfa Ali, Bensalah Fatima, Bouazza Sofiane, Brikhou Slimane, Chihab Mounir, Khitri Walid, Bennabi Farid","doi":"10.3233/mnm-230030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-230030","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a critical and sensitive period of life, a fundamental stage of development, and special attention must be paid to the quality of food. Healthy eating habits at adolescence can be an important factor for healthy eating habits later in life. OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency and knowledge of fruit and vegetable consumption among adolescents in Ain Temouchent (Western Algeria). METHODS: A study was conducted from February 1 to April 30, 2022. 103 adolescents responded to the questionnaire. The participants were boys (n = 48) and girls (n = 55) aged 12 to 18 years from two educational levels (middle school and high school). RESULTS: Adolescents surveyed had a mean BMI equal to 23.2 (kg/m2), considered overweight. The frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption it does not differ between girls and boys (p > 0.05). The consumption of fruits and vegetables was below recommended levels. The evaluation showed that most adolescents do not have a good knowledge of food composition and are not interested in fruits and vegetables in their daily diet (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study showed that adolescents consume few fruits and vegetables, and they have little knowledge of the value of fruits and vegetables in their daily diet.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48993824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Brikhou, Wafa Nouari, S. Bouazza, Zakaria Benzian, Kheira Talha, Chahrazed El Mezouar, Mourad Aribi
BACKGROUND: A large number of children and adolescents worldwide suffer from physiological vitamin D (VD) deficiency, which has been associated with sun exposure and, consequently, the risk of developing various autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the association of the disease with VD intake and sun exposure has yet to be explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a food frequency questionnaire and a 24-hour food recall survey, using “Ciqual table 2016” in 335 type 1 diabetic and age- and gender-matched healthy Algerian school children and adolescents from sunny Saharan and relatively less sunny Northern regions, aged between 5 and 19 years. RESULTS: Both dietary VD intake and VD levels were similar in T1D patients when comparing northern and southern regions (for both comparisons, p > 0.05). Neither sun exposure nor VD intake was associated with the disease (respectively, relative risk [RR] = 1.050, p = 0.680; RR = 1.082, p = 1.000. For Cochran and Mantel-Haenszel analysis; RR = 0.841, p = 0.862). VD intake showed a significant difference between diabetics and non-diabetics in the sunny region (p = 0.022). Additionally, significant differences were found between normal and T1D schoolboys (p = 0.038), and when comparing the two groups according to the dry areas (p = 0.016). Moreover, in contrast to circulating VD levels, which were lower in T1D patients than in healthy controls, those of VD intake were significantly higher (p < 0.05), especially in male patients and in those with balanced diet, low protein or carbohydrate consumption, specific food intolerances, and regular meals (p < 0.05), as well as in patients with a moderate or low consumption of cooked meals or steamed foods (p < 0.01). Conversely, VD intake was markedly lower in type 1 diabetics than in controls for dry and sunny areas, including the region of Adrar, as well as for consumption of low-fat foods and eggs (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). Nevertheless, the relative risk of sun exposure and dietary vitamin D intake according to the World Health Organization (WHO) standard did not show a significant association with T1D (common Mantel-Haenszel estimation, RR = 0.841, 95% CI 0.118–5.973, p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: T1D does not appear to be associated with VD intake and sun exposure in the Algerian Sahara region. Therefore, the consumption of VD in T1D patients in the Algerian Sahara would suspect that its association with the disease would be related to its synthesis alteration.
背景:世界范围内大量儿童和青少年患有生理性维生素D (VD)缺乏症，这与阳光照射有关，因此，发生各种自身免疫性疾病的风险，包括1型糖尿病(T1D)。然而，该疾病与VD摄入和日晒的关系还有待探索。材料与方法:我们使用“Ciqual table 2016”对335名1型糖尿病患者和年龄和性别匹配的健康阿尔及利亚学龄儿童和青少年进行了食物频率问卷调查和24小时食品召回调查，这些儿童和青少年来自阳光充足的撒哈拉地区和相对较少阳光的北部地区，年龄在5至19岁之间。结果:北部和南部地区的T1D患者膳食VD摄入量和VD水平相似(两种比较，p < 0.05)。日晒和VD摄入均与疾病无关(相对危险度[RR] = 1.050, p = 0.680;RR = 1.082, p = 1.000。对于Cochran和Mantel-Haenszel分析;RR = 0.841, p = 0.862)。阳光地区糖尿病患者与非糖尿病患者VD摄入量差异有统计学意义(p = 0.022)。此外，正常和T1D男生之间存在显著差异(p = 0.038)，两组根据干燥区域进行比较(p = 0.016)。此外，与T1D患者的循环VD水平低于健康对照组相比，VD摄入量显著高于健康对照组(p < 0.05)，尤其是男性患者、饮食平衡、低蛋白或低碳水化合物摄入、特定食物不耐受和定期用餐的患者(p < 0.05)，以及中等或低煮熟或蒸熟食物摄入量的患者(p < 0.01)。相反，在干燥和阳光充足的地区，1型糖尿病患者的VD摄入量明显低于对照组，包括Adrar地区，以及食用低脂食物和鸡蛋的对照组(所有比较p < 0.05)。然而，根据世界卫生组织(WHO)标准，日晒和膳食维生素D摄入量的相对风险与T1D没有显着关联(常见的Mantel-Haenszel估计，RR = 0.841, 95% CI 0.118-5.973, p > 0.05)。结论:在阿尔及利亚撒哈拉地区，T1D似乎与VD摄入和阳光照射无关。因此，阿尔及利亚撒哈拉地区T1D患者的VD摄入量可能与疾病的相关性与其合成改变有关。
{"title":"Dietary vitamin D intake and sun exposure are not associated with type 1 diabetic schoolchildren and adolescents: a first report in Algeria","authors":"S. Brikhou, Wafa Nouari, S. Bouazza, Zakaria Benzian, Kheira Talha, Chahrazed El Mezouar, Mourad Aribi","doi":"10.3233/mnm-230012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-230012","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: A large number of children and adolescents worldwide suffer from physiological vitamin D (VD) deficiency, which has been associated with sun exposure and, consequently, the risk of developing various autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the association of the disease with VD intake and sun exposure has yet to be explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a food frequency questionnaire and a 24-hour food recall survey, using “Ciqual table 2016” in 335 type 1 diabetic and age- and gender-matched healthy Algerian school children and adolescents from sunny Saharan and relatively less sunny Northern regions, aged between 5 and 19 years. RESULTS: Both dietary VD intake and VD levels were similar in T1D patients when comparing northern and southern regions (for both comparisons, p > 0.05). Neither sun exposure nor VD intake was associated with the disease (respectively, relative risk [RR] = 1.050, p = 0.680; RR = 1.082, p = 1.000. For Cochran and Mantel-Haenszel analysis; RR = 0.841, p = 0.862). VD intake showed a significant difference between diabetics and non-diabetics in the sunny region (p = 0.022). Additionally, significant differences were found between normal and T1D schoolboys (p = 0.038), and when comparing the two groups according to the dry areas (p = 0.016). Moreover, in contrast to circulating VD levels, which were lower in T1D patients than in healthy controls, those of VD intake were significantly higher (p < 0.05), especially in male patients and in those with balanced diet, low protein or carbohydrate consumption, specific food intolerances, and regular meals (p < 0.05), as well as in patients with a moderate or low consumption of cooked meals or steamed foods (p < 0.01). Conversely, VD intake was markedly lower in type 1 diabetics than in controls for dry and sunny areas, including the region of Adrar, as well as for consumption of low-fat foods and eggs (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). Nevertheless, the relative risk of sun exposure and dietary vitamin D intake according to the World Health Organization (WHO) standard did not show a significant association with T1D (common Mantel-Haenszel estimation, RR = 0.841, 95% CI 0.118–5.973, p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: T1D does not appear to be associated with VD intake and sun exposure in the Algerian Sahara region. Therefore, the consumption of VD in T1D patients in the Algerian Sahara would suspect that its association with the disease would be related to its synthesis alteration.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44507566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bataa Mohamed EL Kafoury, Asmaa Tarek Ebrahim, Manal Said Abd-El Hamid Ali, Nayra Shaker Mehanna, Gamil El-Sayed Ibrahim Ramadan, Wessam Ezzat Morsy
High fat diet (HFD) predisposes to many metabolic changes; it may disrupt gut barrier integrity and gut microbiota composition. Synbiotic supplementation may promote host’s metabolic health by selective activation of the healthy microorganisms. This study aimed to probe the interaction between synbiotic supplementation, gut microbiota and gut hormones in HFD states. Twenty-seven adult male albino rats, 3 groups, group I: control, group II: HFD received HFD for 12 weeks and group III: synbiotic-supplemented HFD received synbiotic in the last 6 weeks. The anthropometric measurments were measured. Liver transaminases, lipid profile, parameters of insulin resistance, serum serotonin, glucagon like polypeptide-1 (GLP-1), oxidant/antioxidant markers (MDA/GPx), zonulin levels and quantitative cecal short chain fatty acids (SCFA) were assessed. Samples of liver and colon were employed for histopathological studies. Compared to HFD group, synbiotic led to a significant reduction in anthropometric measurements, liver enzymes, atherogenic index, HOMA-IR and MDA denoting improved dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and oxidative state. Moreover, synbiotic supplementation decreased serum zonulin and increased both serum serotonin, GLP-1 and cecal SCFAs. Synbiotic supplementation ameliorated the metabolic derangements and the disturbed integrity of the intestinal barrier induced by HFD. As synbiotics can increase gut hormones (serum GLP-1&serotonin) and SCFAs.
{"title":"Short chain fatty acids and GIT hormones mitigate gut barrier disruption in high fat diet fed rats supplemented by synbiotics","authors":"Bataa Mohamed EL Kafoury, Asmaa Tarek Ebrahim, Manal Said Abd-El Hamid Ali, Nayra Shaker Mehanna, Gamil El-Sayed Ibrahim Ramadan, Wessam Ezzat Morsy","doi":"10.3233/mnm-230026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-230026","url":null,"abstract":"High fat diet (HFD) predisposes to many metabolic changes; it may disrupt gut barrier integrity and gut microbiota composition. Synbiotic supplementation may promote host’s metabolic health by selective activation of the healthy microorganisms. This study aimed to probe the interaction between synbiotic supplementation, gut microbiota and gut hormones in HFD states. Twenty-seven adult male albino rats, 3 groups, group I: control, group II: HFD received HFD for 12 weeks and group III: synbiotic-supplemented HFD received synbiotic in the last 6 weeks. The anthropometric measurments were measured. Liver transaminases, lipid profile, parameters of insulin resistance, serum serotonin, glucagon like polypeptide-1 (GLP-1), oxidant/antioxidant markers (MDA/GPx), zonulin levels and quantitative cecal short chain fatty acids (SCFA) were assessed. Samples of liver and colon were employed for histopathological studies. Compared to HFD group, synbiotic led to a significant reduction in anthropometric measurements, liver enzymes, atherogenic index, HOMA-IR and MDA denoting improved dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and oxidative state. Moreover, synbiotic supplementation decreased serum zonulin and increased both serum serotonin, GLP-1 and cecal SCFAs. Synbiotic supplementation ameliorated the metabolic derangements and the disturbed integrity of the intestinal barrier induced by HFD. As synbiotics can increase gut hormones (serum GLP-1&serotonin) and SCFAs.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41939016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Anaemene, Rodhiyah A. Oni, K. Akinwumi, J. Daramola
BACKGROUND: Information on the effect of different animal protein sources on linear growth is needed to inform specific complementary food recommendations. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effect of milk (COMPIM1) and fish (COMPIM2) based complementary foods on linear growth and blood characteristics using Wistar rats. METHOD: The study adopted completely randomised design involving feeding of COMPIM1, COMPIM2, COMPIM3 (control) and basal diets to weanling rats (8 per group) for 28 days. Length (cm) and weight (grams) measurements were taken once and twice weekly, respectively. Blood samples were subjected to haematological and biochemical analysis. Data was analysed using ANOVA. RESULTS: Rats fed the COMPIM2 diet had significantly (p < 0.001) the highest weight gain (63.50 g). There were no differences in the tail (p = 0.159) and total body length change (p = 0.142) of the rats fed COMPIM1, COMPIM2 and COMPIM3 diets. However, the mean length gain of rats fed COMPIM1 diet was more than that of the COMPIM2 and COMPIM3 groups by 9.8% and 12.6%, respectively. Except for white blood cells count and calcium, blood parameters of the experimental groups were similar. CONCLUSION: The milk diet resulted in better white blood cell counts but similar weight and length gain compared to the fish diet.
{"title":"Linear growth and blood characteristics of wistar rats fed either milk or fish based complementary foods","authors":"D. Anaemene, Rodhiyah A. Oni, K. Akinwumi, J. Daramola","doi":"10.3233/mnm-230015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mnm-230015","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Information on the effect of different animal protein sources on linear growth is needed to inform specific complementary food recommendations. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effect of milk (COMPIM1) and fish (COMPIM2) based complementary foods on linear growth and blood characteristics using Wistar rats. METHOD: The study adopted completely randomised design involving feeding of COMPIM1, COMPIM2, COMPIM3 (control) and basal diets to weanling rats (8 per group) for 28 days. Length (cm) and weight (grams) measurements were taken once and twice weekly, respectively. Blood samples were subjected to haematological and biochemical analysis. Data was analysed using ANOVA. RESULTS: Rats fed the COMPIM2 diet had significantly (p < 0.001) the highest weight gain (63.50 g). There were no differences in the tail (p = 0.159) and total body length change (p = 0.142) of the rats fed COMPIM1, COMPIM2 and COMPIM3 diets. However, the mean length gain of rats fed COMPIM1 diet was more than that of the COMPIM2 and COMPIM3 groups by 9.8% and 12.6%, respectively. Except for white blood cells count and calcium, blood parameters of the experimental groups were similar. CONCLUSION: The milk diet resulted in better white blood cell counts but similar weight and length gain compared to the fish diet.","PeriodicalId":18424,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46763291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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