Meditsinskaia parazitologiia i parazitarnye bolezni最新文献

The paper presents of laboratory studies of the environmental objects in the hematology unit of a multidisciplinary hospital for micromycetes. Its air was found to be highly contaminated with mold fungi (85.4 ± 5.5%). The structure of micromycetes showed a preponderance of the fungi Aspergillus (47%), Rhizopus (36%), Penicillium, and other species (17%). The air contamination rate was 15.6 ± 3.3 CFU/m3 and did not exceed the recommended thresholds. Yeast fungi were prevalent in washouts. The contamination rate of ward louvers was 12 and 4 times higher than that of bedside tables and door handles, respectively. The degree of micromycetes contamination of environmental objects in the hematology unit did not depend on the destination of rooms and the length of stay of hematology patients in them.

In 2010-2013, the quality of microscopic detection of the causative agents ofparasitic diseases in the feces has been assessed by the specialists of the laboratories of the therapeutic-and-prophylactic institutions (TPIs) and Hygiene and Epidemiology Centers, Russian Inspectorate for the Protection of Consumer Rights and Human Welfare, which are participants of the Federal System of External Quality Assessment of Clinical Laboratory Testing. Thirty-two specimens containing 16 species of human helminths and 4 species of enteric protozoa in different combinations were examined. The findings suggest that the quality of microscopic detection of the causative agents of parasitic diseases is low in the laboratories of health care facilities and that the specialists of the laboratories of TPIs and Hygiene and Epidemiology Centers, Russian Inspectorate for the Protection of Consumer Rights and Human Welfare, do not not possess the knowledge and skills necessary to make a laboratory diagnosis of helminths and enteric protozoa. The average detection rates of helminths and protozoa were at a level of 64 and 36%, respectively. The correct results showed that the proportion of helminths and protozoa were 94.5 and 5.5%, respectively. According to the biological and epidemiological classification of helminths, there were higher detection rates for contact group parasites (Enterobius vermicularis and Hymenolepis nana) and geohelminths (Ascaris, Trichuris trichiura, and others). Biohelminths (Opisthorchis, tapeworms, and others) Were detectable slightly worse.

Eighteen cases of dengue fever were imported to the Primorye Territory in 2012-2013. The cases were related to visits to Thailand, Indonesia, and Vietnam. Of the 18 patients, 17 and 1 had classic and hemorrhagic dengue fever, respectively.

The species composition of mosquitoes was studied in the foci of visceral leishmaniasis in the Navoiy and Samarkand Provinces of Uzbekistan. The human settlements where these observations were made were located at 1000-1200 m above sea level. Seven species: Phlebotomus sergenti, P. caucasicus, P. longiductus, P. papatasi, P. alexandri, Sergetomyia sumbarica, and S. grecovi were found. The predominant species was P. sergenti; P. longiductus was a vector for visceral leishmaniasis, which was present in all the collected samples. Bovine animal and small cattle yards were ascertained to be the hatching of mosquito eggs.

Based on climatic characteristics, the authors show that an invasive Aedes albopictus species is likely to emerge in new areas of the Russian Federation.

The paper describes a case of acute opisthorchiasis in a 31-year-old female patient after ingestion of dried fish of the family Cyprinidae caught in the Oka River basin on the border of the Moscow and Ryazan Regions. This case could convince of that there was a risk of human Opisthorchis infection despite the zoonotic pattern of circulation of the pathogen in European Russia. The dietary intake of unsterilized fish of the family Cyprinidae caught in the Moscow and neighboring regions may give rise to Opisthorchis invasion and, it a large infectious dose, to acute opisthorchiasis.

The authors analyze a case of Chikungunya fever imported to Vladivostok. The disease was severe and resulted in disability in a female patient for more than 6 months. There were difficulties in its differential diagnosis with rheumatic diseases.

Parasitological examination of the population of the Amur Region has revealed that the nanophyetiasis foci affecting as high as 28.4% of the people are being preserved and functioning now; at the same time the highest rates of infection with the trematode Nanophyetus salmincola schikhobalowi are seen in the dwellers of the populated areas situated on the banks of the mountain Amur tributaries. It has been ascertained that the major season when the population is infected with Nanophyetus is summer and its highest incidence are noted in autumn (November) after the active fishing season is completed. It has been found that infection occurs in infants and the maximum incidence is in the age group of 21-30 years (45.5%) and remains virtually the same in a middle-aged population [31-50 years (37.0-42.2%)], by decreasing slightly in the older age groups (18.2-21.7%). According to the questionnaire survey data, fish (90% of its species are an intermediate host for Nanophyetus) is a staple food in the population of the highest incidence rural areas. The major causes of Nanophyetus infection are the wide consumption of raw and low-salt fish and a low population awareness of measures to prevent helminthiasis, the transmission factor of which is fish.