Meditsinskaia parazitologiia i parazitarnye bolezni最新文献

The paper presents the scientific studies of malaria pathogens and vectors, which have been specially conducted in the endemic areas of the CIS countries and Georgia for use in an epidemiological surveillance system. The main ones investigate the structure of malaria foci and the level of G-6-PD deficiency among residents, determine the malariogenic potential. of the territory and the risk of infection in the population, and specify the taxonomy, systematics, and spread of major malaria vectors in .the countries ofWHO European Region. In addition, the time and magnitude of manifestations of long-term post-incubation tertian malaria were established; th6 susceptibility of P.vivax to antimalarials and the levels of resistance and irritability of malaria vectors to insecticides were studied. The experience in using a geographic information system for the epidemiological surveillance of malaria is given.

A total of 1963 dwellers and 779 dogs from the Penjikent and Darvz districts of the Republic of Tajikistan were examined for antibodies to the pathogen of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), by using the rk39 rapid diagnostic test. Mainly children less than14 years and persons over 14 years of age with signs of VL were selected as an examined contingent. There were 35 and 9 persons who were found to have antibodies to the VL pathogen among the examinees in the Penjikent and Darvaz districts, respectively The examination of infants during the first years of life, whose immune system can be defenseless against leishmaniasis, yielded the largest number (more than 90%) of positive results. Among 330 examined domestic and stray dogs in the human settlements of the Penjikent district, 1 (0.3%) domestic dog and 11 (3.3%) stray dogs showed positive results. In the human settlements of the Darvaz district, the latter were also found in 38 (13.3%) of 286 examined domestic dogs and 6 (12.5%) of 48 stray ones. The detection of anti-bodies to the VL pathogen among the dogs in the human settlements of the above districts should be considered as a confirmation of the synanthropicity of VL foci.

The review touches upon the main directions and some of the most important results of an investigation of dirofilariasis the species of the genus Dirofilaria, their spread, and hosts. It describes cases of human infection with Candidatus Dirofilaria hongkongensis, a study of the prevalence of filariasis using a geographic information system, data on the contamination of Dirofilaria in Europe, and current views on the endosymbiotic relations of Dirofilaria with the Wolbachia bacterium.

The paper describes a clinical case of imported severe Pfalciparum malaria in a French citizen treated at the clinic of the Research Institute of Epidemiology, Microbiology, and Infectious Disdases, Ministry of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Due to the fact that the patient with tropical malaria sought medical advice too late, the disease was complicated by grade I malaria-induced coma, acute renal failure- in an oliguric phase, severe anemia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome. Thanks to effective etiopathogenetic and pathogenetic therapy, the patient recovered and returned to his motherland.

The paper presents the epidemiological aspects of malaria and the resuits of national malaria control and elimination programs. It evaluates the efficiency of the antimalarial measures system based on the biology of vectors in the parasitic system of malaria and gives recommendations to maintain wellbeing in Tajikistan.

A larger number of publications on cases of. complicated vivax malaria in the world literature can be. explained by a set of diffeetit faciors'. There has been unification of the definition of complicated tertian malaria allowing ihe clinical nianagement of a patient and the reporting of complicated cases of P.vivax to be improved. The, epidemiological characteristics of complicated vivax malaria are determined by a diversity of geographical, races, variants, gentyies and phenotypes of tertian malaia due to intensive internal and external migration. Chloroquine resistance and primaquine refractoriness contribute to increased local malaria transmission due to a rise in cases of reinfection during-epidemics of vivax malaria. From an epidemiological point of view, the increasing number of complicated vivax malaria cases indicates the untimely detection and treatment of malaria patients, the low level of medical personnel training and a negative attitude of the local population towards the recommendations of national malaria programs for prevention measures. Unsolved problems can substantially retard the time to achieve malaria elimination.

Malaria in the WHO European Region has gone from control to elimination thanks to the great efforts of health services in endemic countries. Locally transmitted malaria cases decreased from 90,000 late in the 20th century to 0 in 2015. Currently, there is a real threat to resurgence of malaria in the south of the European and Asian parts of the Region. Neglecting malaria prevention measures in the countries with high malariogenic potential areas where malaria elimination has been achieved may lead to consequences of imported malaria.

The paper describes a case of the rare localization of a pregnant Dirofilaria female in a man's genitalia. Patient T born in 1973 was infected in the Krasnoyarsk Territory presumably in the summer of 2012. A migratory mass appeared under the skin of the chest at the beginning of 2016. A dense mass was located beneath the skin in the penis by early April. Histological specimens from the removed tumor, entered the specialized Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory for parasitic diseases. The specimens exhibited transverse and oblique sections of Dirofilaria spp. The body cavity contained nematodes - multiple microfilariae. However, routine studies and PCR could not reveal the microfilariae in the blood.

The ability of D. repens to complete its ontogenesis in man points to their obligate, rather than facultative rela- tionships. The fact that microfilariae are rarely found in human blood or are absent there may be associated with the removal of developing dirofilariae from humans in earlier than they achieve sexual maturity. Facultative ecological relationships to mosquitoes may be one of the reasons for limitation of human invasion cases. However, in long-standing microfilaremia in man (an obligate host), D.repens may take part in the epidemiological chain of dirofilariasis as a source of invasion.