Meditsinskaia parazitologiia i parazitarnye bolezni最新文献

The paper considers the methodologic features of designing educational programs in accordance with the labor func- tions of the professional standards, by using the working program of the educational module "malaria, control and preven- tion methods> as an example. The basis for the relationship between the labor functions and the content of educational programs is a physician's professional task that ensures that the specific labor function is performed. In turn, the profes- sional task defines the characteristics of educational and professional problems that are a unit for designing the content of each training module. Thus, the content of the training module and the training of a physician are closely linked with the goals and objectives of labor functions of the professional standard, which enhances the professional orientation of educational programs.

The paper presents an overview of treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis from ancient times to the >iesent day. Tradi- tional healers had an arsenal of remedies and various treatment regimens for cutaneous leishmaniasis, which showed varying effectiveness and different outcome and have found scientific rationale and used in practical medicine in modem times. The problem with of a lack of etiotropic drugs to treat patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis in the national healthcare is indicated.

The fauna of bloodsucking mosquitoes in the Nizhny Novgorod Region is represented by 11 species from 5 genera of the family Culicidae. During 2014-2015, the predominant species were Ochlerotatus cantans and Aedes cinereus mosqui- toes in both a population aggregate and woodland. The infected mosquitoes accounted for 1.3% of their total number and were registered only in the village of Fokino. The investigators identified two human pathogenic nematode species: Diro- filaria immits and Dirofilaria repens (0.9% and 0.4% respectively). The effective carriers of Dirofilaria in the examined area can be Ae.cinereus and Och.cantans as only these species were found to have an invasive stage of the parasite. The symbiotic bacterium Wolbachia was detected in the mosquitoes that were not infected with dirofilariasis. This is the first study in Russia to investigate the effects of Wolbachia on the susceptibility of dirofilariasis vectors to infection.

The paper gives the results of experimental studies determining the preservation of antibodies to C.cellulosae in the serum in relation to the period of their storage during deep freezing. These studies, as applied to parasitic pathology, have been conducted for the first time and are of practical medical value in determining optimal procedures and periods of serum storage without a loss of their diagnostic characteristics.

The sharply increased incidence and geographical expansion of arbovirus diseases in recent years suggest that some Russian areas are vulnerable to vector-borne diseases and that it is important to elaborate control programs to ensure bio- logical safety in our country. Moreover, the main vectors of the pathogens of arbovirus infections (Zika fever, dengue fever, chikungunya fevers), such as Aedes aegypti and Ae.albopictus, have been registered on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus. The programs must be effective, by taking into account the biological features of each kind of a vector.

Long-term anti-epidemic and preventive measures in the areas of endemic countries in the WHO European Region in the past 30 years and researches using experimental objects could. establish the significant epidemiological characteristics of vivax malaria, which are influenced by the natural, climatic, and socioeconomic conditions of the area on the spread of malaria. Knowledge of the epidemiological characteristics is of importance in studying the compliance of different parasitic systems with implemented controlling and preventive measures and in preventing the consequences of importation of malaria from the endemic areas and into its eliminated ones.

Five Malaria mosquito species anopheles atroparvus, An.claviger, An.hyrcanus, An.maculipennis, and An.messeae were found in the study habitats in the south of European Rausia. The dominahce indices and environmental preferendes of co- inhabiting species were deterinined. The major potential malaria vectors in the south of European Russia were An messeae (in the valleys) and An.maculipennis (in the highlands and foothills). There was new evidence for chromosoml variability in the malaria mosquitoes An. atroparvus and An.maculipennis. The new inversion 3Roi (23B-27C) was identified in An.maculipennis.

The Kyrgyz Republic could achieve the absence of local malaria transmission due to the developed and effectively implemented antimalarial. interventions [3]. In 2012-2014, the cost of malaria elimination in the country was US$ 210,200 by its government, US$ 1,795,467 by the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria, and US$ 50,000 by the WHO. A package of preventive measures with adequate financing is needed to maintain well-being in the malaria-free foci in the post-elimination period. Malaria eliimination in the Kyrgyz Republic, which was achieved in 2012, has been certified by the World Health Organization in 2016 at the request of the Government of Kyrgyzstan.

Crimea was known to be a mosquito-borne fever (pappataci fever) endemic area in the past. There is information on sporadic cases of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), the vectors for which are also mosquitoes. This disease was registered in Crimea in both the 20h century and the early 21st century. The data available in the literature on the mosquitoes in Crimea, which were published mainly in the first half of the 20th century, have been analyzed. Based on the classification of these insects, which has been proposed by M.M. Artemyev, the authors have established that there are 8 mosquito species: P.papatasi, P.alexandri, P.similis, P.neglectus, P.perfiliewi, P.balcanicus, P.longiductus, and S.dentata in Crimea. There is evidence on the landscape and biotopic association of individual species and on their environmental features.

The main purpose of the epidemiological surveillance system for malaria in the Russian Federation is now to prevent the possible consequences of malaria-imported by Russians and foreigners from endemic areas. A quarter of the approximately 100 cases notified each year in the country are detected in Moscow. During an epidemic season, a package of measures to identify infection sources (malaria patients and parasite carriers) and to decline the number of malaria vectors is implemented and the sanitary state, of open water bodies and the efficiency of larvicidal measures are supervised.