Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.48036/apims.v19i3.729
A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, G. Nasir, Ghulam Dastgeer, H. Muhammad, Umar Khan, Afshan Batool, Ahmad Naseer Khan, Aneesa Altaf, GM Nasir, Batool A Khan Khan HMU
Background: Smart phone addiction can disturb sleep quality in medical students by upsetting internal biological clock (SCN) and melatonin level which in turn adversely affects academic performance of medical students. Objectives: To correlate smart phone addiction (SPA), poor sleep quality and low academic score in medical students and its association with gender. Methodology: A Cross- sectional descriptive study was conducted on medical students of 4th and final year MBBS (who were mobile phone addict for more than one year). The percentage of last professional exam was taken as academic score. A proposed SPA diagnostic criterion was used to diagnose smart phone addict students. For SPA severity and sleep quality assessment Problematic Mobile Phone Use Questionnaire (PMPU-Q) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used. Results: A total of 74 subjects having mean (SD) age of 22.24 (1.929) years presented with negative correlation between academic score and PSQI (p< 0.05) were included in the study. There was no significant association between academic score and smart phone addiction. The male students had worse score in dependency and dangerous use on PMUQ scale. The female students were worse in dangerous and problematic use of smart phone on PMUQ scale. Conclusion: The SP dependency and poor subjective sleep quality of male students were negatively associated with their academic score. The female students with low academic score were worse at PSQI score, their academic score was not significantly correlated with their smart phone addiction. Keywords: Smartphone addiction, Sleep Quality, Academic Score
{"title":"Correlation of Smart Phone Addiction with Poor Sleep Quality and Low Academic Score in Medical Students of Nishtar Medical University, South Punjab","authors":"A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, G. Nasir, Ghulam Dastgeer, H. Muhammad, Umar Khan, Afshan Batool, Ahmad Naseer Khan, Aneesa Altaf, GM Nasir, Batool A Khan Khan HMU","doi":"10.48036/apims.v19i3.729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48036/apims.v19i3.729","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Smart phone addiction can disturb sleep quality in medical students by upsetting internal biological clock (SCN) and melatonin level which in turn adversely affects academic performance of medical students. Objectives: To correlate smart phone addiction (SPA), poor sleep quality and low academic score in medical students and its association with gender. Methodology: A Cross- sectional descriptive study was conducted on medical students of 4th and final year MBBS (who were mobile phone addict for more than one year). The percentage of last professional exam was taken as academic score. A proposed SPA diagnostic criterion was used to diagnose smart phone addict students. For SPA severity and sleep quality assessment Problematic Mobile Phone Use Questionnaire (PMPU-Q) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used. Results: A total of 74 subjects having mean (SD) age of 22.24 (1.929) years presented with negative correlation between academic score and PSQI (p< 0.05) were included in the study. There was no significant association between academic score and smart phone addiction. The male students had worse score in dependency and dangerous use on PMUQ scale. The female students were worse in dangerous and problematic use of smart phone on PMUQ scale. Conclusion: The SP dependency and poor subjective sleep quality of male students were negatively associated with their academic score. The female students with low academic score were worse at PSQI score, their academic score was not significantly correlated with their smart phone addiction. Keywords: Smartphone addiction, Sleep Quality, Academic Score","PeriodicalId":184398,"journal":{"name":"Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University","volume":"154 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139341905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.48036/apims.v19i3.877
A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, J. Karmani, Syed Saima Mir, Mohsin Naveed, Syed Asim, Ali Shah, Muhammad Khalid Javaid, Fareena Asim, Armughan Ahmad
Objective: To compare the frequency of temporary catheter related blood stream infections using sodium citrate as catheter locking solution with heparin as standard in hemodialysis patients. Methodology: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at a nephrology department's hemodialysis unit in Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) between August 2022 and February 2023. Total 110 consecutive end-stage renal disease patients, aged above 18 years, undergoing hemodialysis with temporary central venous catheters, were divided into two groups. Group-I received trisodium citrate 46.7% as a lock solution, while Group-II received heparin 2000 U/ml (control). Results: The average age of patients in both groups was 51.98±13.57 years. The average duration of dialysis in both groups was 4.01±3.1 months and mean catheter time in Group-I was 13.65±8.29 days and in group-II was 13.40±8.33 days with statistically insignificant (p ? 0.05). The rate of CRBSI per 1000 catheter days was 3.12 days for group I and 5.14 days for group II (p = 0.001). The cumulative mean infection-free catheter survival in the trisodium citrate group was lower than the heparin group (log rank = 2.31, p = 0.128). Cox regression survival analysis between two groups; the difference in group I & II was insignificant (HR = 1.6, CI = 0.49–1.17, p = 0.201). Conclusion: There is insignificant difference between trisodium citrate 46.7% and heparin as a catheter lock solution in the survival rate of tunneled hemodialysis catheters in end-stage renal disease.
{"title":"Comparison of Catheter Related Blood Stream Infections in Hemodialysis Patients Treated With Trisodium Citrate as Catheter Locking Solution vs Heparin as Conventional Locking Method","authors":"A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, J. Karmani, Syed Saima Mir, Mohsin Naveed, Syed Asim, Ali Shah, Muhammad Khalid Javaid, Fareena Asim, Armughan Ahmad","doi":"10.48036/apims.v19i3.877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48036/apims.v19i3.877","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare the frequency of temporary catheter related blood stream infections using sodium citrate as catheter locking solution with heparin as standard in hemodialysis patients. Methodology: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at a nephrology department's hemodialysis unit in Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) between August 2022 and February 2023. Total 110 consecutive end-stage renal disease patients, aged above 18 years, undergoing hemodialysis with temporary central venous catheters, were divided into two groups. Group-I received trisodium citrate 46.7% as a lock solution, while Group-II received heparin 2000 U/ml (control). Results: The average age of patients in both groups was 51.98±13.57 years. The average duration of dialysis in both groups was 4.01±3.1 months and mean catheter time in Group-I was 13.65±8.29 days and in group-II was 13.40±8.33 days with statistically insignificant (p ? 0.05). The rate of CRBSI per 1000 catheter days was 3.12 days for group I and 5.14 days for group II (p = 0.001). The cumulative mean infection-free catheter survival in the trisodium citrate group was lower than the heparin group (log rank = 2.31, p = 0.128). Cox regression survival analysis between two groups; the difference in group I & II was insignificant (HR = 1.6, CI = 0.49–1.17, p = 0.201). Conclusion: There is insignificant difference between trisodium citrate 46.7% and heparin as a catheter lock solution in the survival rate of tunneled hemodialysis catheters in end-stage renal disease.","PeriodicalId":184398,"journal":{"name":"Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University","volume":"179 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139341985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.48036/apims.v19i3.902
A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, Nadeem Islam Sheikh, Mehreen Babar, Aleena Hussain, Shirin Aamir, Jahangir Anjum, Muhammad Shahid, Khan, Dr. Nadeem Islam
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of tuberculosis among individuals presenting with superficial lymphadenopathy using Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) as a diagnostic method. Methodology: This cross-sectional research spanned three years, conducted at HBS General Hospital in Islamabad from July 2016 to June 2019. The study enrolled individuals meeting specified inclusion and exclusion criteria, presenting with superficial lymph node enlargement. All participants provided written consent before undergoing fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), and the diagnosis of tuberculosis relied on histopathological findings. Results: Among 632 patients aged 15 to 60 years who underwent FNAC following clinical examination and relevant lab investigations, 85.4% (n=540) exhibited cervical lymphadenopathy. Among these, 57.7% (n=312) were diagnosed with tuberculous lymphadenitis, comprising 58.3% females (n=182) and 41.6% males (n=130). Axillary lymphadenopathy was observed in 5.53% (n=35) of patients, among whom 3.64% females (n=23) and 2.1% males (n=13) were diagnosed with tuberculous lymphadenopathy. Generalized lymphadenopathy was seen in 5.1% (n=32) of cases, with 0.94% males (n=6) and 0.79% (n=5) demonstrating histological evidence of TB on FNAC. Inguinal lymphadenopathy was observed in 3.95% (n=25) of patients, including 0.94% males (n=5) and 0.47% females (n=3). Conclusion: Lymphadenopathy, a prevalent clinical condition, encompasses various underlying causes, ranging from manageable tuberculosis to malignant conditions. FNAC serves as a safe and rapid diagnostic technique, reducing the need for excisional biopsies. In this study, cervical lymph nodes were most frequently affected by tuberculous lymphadenopathy, particularly among females.
{"title":"Tuberculosis in Superficial Lymphadenopathy Based on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology: A Cross Sectional Study","authors":"A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, Nadeem Islam Sheikh, Mehreen Babar, Aleena Hussain, Shirin Aamir, Jahangir Anjum, Muhammad Shahid, Khan, Dr. Nadeem Islam","doi":"10.48036/apims.v19i3.902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48036/apims.v19i3.902","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the prevalence of tuberculosis among individuals presenting with superficial lymphadenopathy using Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) as a diagnostic method. Methodology: This cross-sectional research spanned three years, conducted at HBS General Hospital in Islamabad from July 2016 to June 2019. The study enrolled individuals meeting specified inclusion and exclusion criteria, presenting with superficial lymph node enlargement. All participants provided written consent before undergoing fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), and the diagnosis of tuberculosis relied on histopathological findings. Results: Among 632 patients aged 15 to 60 years who underwent FNAC following clinical examination and relevant lab investigations, 85.4% (n=540) exhibited cervical lymphadenopathy. Among these, 57.7% (n=312) were diagnosed with tuberculous lymphadenitis, comprising 58.3% females (n=182) and 41.6% males (n=130). Axillary lymphadenopathy was observed in 5.53% (n=35) of patients, among whom 3.64% females (n=23) and 2.1% males (n=13) were diagnosed with tuberculous lymphadenopathy. Generalized lymphadenopathy was seen in 5.1% (n=32) of cases, with 0.94% males (n=6) and 0.79% (n=5) demonstrating histological evidence of TB on FNAC. Inguinal lymphadenopathy was observed in 3.95% (n=25) of patients, including 0.94% males (n=5) and 0.47% females (n=3). Conclusion: Lymphadenopathy, a prevalent clinical condition, encompasses various underlying causes, ranging from manageable tuberculosis to malignant conditions. FNAC serves as a safe and rapid diagnostic technique, reducing the need for excisional biopsies. In this study, cervical lymph nodes were most frequently affected by tuberculous lymphadenopathy, particularly among females.","PeriodicalId":184398,"journal":{"name":"Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139341980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.48036/apims.v19i2.685
Umar Ajaz, Aliya Ahmed, Asim Nawaz Niazi, Fasih Hashmi, Samina Akhtar, Basit Mukhtar
Objective: To compare the findings of cranial ultrasound and computed tomographic (CT) scans in infants with post-meningitis complications. Methodology: A prospective analysis of 124 consecutive term infants was conducted in the department of radiology at the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad from August 2021 to April 2022. Transfontanelle ultrasonography was performed with a two-dimensional Sonoace 1500 ultrasound scanner (Medison Inc, South Korea 1995) equipped with a 6.5 megahertz (MHz) curvilinear small head probe. Sagittal and coronal sections were scanned using standard techniques. We included all 124 confirm cases of meningitis came to our hospital in the period through consecutive non probability sampling, which fulfilled the required sample size to test the objective in our population. Results: The average age of the infants was 4 months, with 71 (57.3%) males and 53 (42.7%) were females. Ultrasonography results were confirmed by CT scans in all patients. The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography was found to be 32.14%. Seizures disorders were the most common complication observed in the study population. Conclusion: Using transfontanelle ultrasound, it is possible to diagnose lesions inside the infant's brain. Transfontanelle ultrasound scans are most often requested for hydrocephalus detection and for abnormal findings. Infants with post-meningitic complications commonly suffer seizures. In post meningitic complications, ultrasound can still be used as an early non-invasive diagnostic modality despite its low diagnostic accuracy. Improved collaboration between radiologists and pediatricians can lead to better outcomes and reduced mortality and morbidity in neonates and infants.
目的:比较小儿脑膜炎后并发症的颅脑超声和CT表现。方法:对2021年8月至2022年4月在伊斯兰堡巴基斯坦医学科学研究所放射科对124名连续足月婴儿进行前瞻性分析。使用二维Sonoace 1500超声扫描仪(Medison Inc .， South Korea 1995)，配备6.5兆赫(MHz)曲线小头部探头，进行经囟门超声检查。矢状面和冠状面采用标准技术扫描。通过连续的非概率抽样，我们纳入了这段时间来我院确诊的124例脑膜炎病例，满足了在我们人群中检验目标所需的样本量。结果:患儿平均年龄4月龄，男71例(57.3%)，女53例(42.7%)。所有患者的超声检查结果均与CT检查结果一致。超声诊断准确率为32.14%。癫痫是研究人群中最常见的并发症。结论:应用经囟门超声诊断婴幼儿脑内病变是可行的。经囟门超声扫描最常用于脑积水检测和异常发现。患有脑膜炎后并发症的婴儿通常会出现癫痫发作。在脑膜炎后的并发症中，超声仍然可以作为一种早期的非侵入性诊断方式，尽管其诊断准确性较低。改善放射科医生和儿科医生之间的合作可以带来更好的结果，并降低新生儿和婴儿的死亡率和发病率。
{"title":"Comparison of Cranial Ultrasound and Computed Tomographic Scan Finding in Infants with Post Meningitis Complications","authors":"Umar Ajaz, Aliya Ahmed, Asim Nawaz Niazi, Fasih Hashmi, Samina Akhtar, Basit Mukhtar","doi":"10.48036/apims.v19i2.685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48036/apims.v19i2.685","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare the findings of cranial ultrasound and computed tomographic (CT) scans in infants with post-meningitis complications.\u0000Methodology: A prospective analysis of 124 consecutive term infants was conducted in the department of radiology at the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad from August 2021 to April 2022. Transfontanelle ultrasonography was performed with a two-dimensional Sonoace 1500 ultrasound scanner (Medison Inc, South Korea 1995) equipped with a 6.5 megahertz (MHz) curvilinear small head probe. Sagittal and coronal sections were scanned using standard techniques. We included all 124 confirm cases of meningitis came to our hospital in the period through consecutive non probability sampling, which fulfilled the required sample size to test the objective in our population. \u0000Results: The average age of the infants was 4 months, with 71 (57.3%) males and 53 (42.7%) were females. Ultrasonography results were confirmed by CT scans in all patients. The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography was found to be 32.14%. Seizures disorders were the most common complication observed in the study population.\u0000Conclusion: Using transfontanelle ultrasound, it is possible to diagnose lesions inside the infant's brain. Transfontanelle ultrasound scans are most often requested for hydrocephalus detection and for abnormal findings. Infants with post-meningitic complications commonly suffer seizures. In post meningitic complications, ultrasound can still be used as an early non-invasive diagnostic modality despite its low diagnostic accuracy. Improved collaboration between radiologists and pediatricians can lead to better outcomes and reduced mortality and morbidity in neonates and infants.","PeriodicalId":184398,"journal":{"name":"Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128455534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.48036/apims.v19i2.598
Auon Shabbir Khan Niazi, Muhammad Uzair Khan Niazi, Irta Zainab, H. Mumtaz, Midhat Zahra, A. Anwer
Objective: To evaluate the correlation between Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings and Arthroscopy in diagnosing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, using Arthroscopy as the gold standard. Methodology: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, from February to August 2019. Clinical evidence of ACL injury was present in 127 individuals. They had an MRI as well as an arthroscopy. The diagnostic efficacy of MRI for ACL tears was evaluated, and its sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy were all calculated. Comparisons between arthroscopic and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings yielded three classifications: True Positive (MRI verified by Arthroscopy), True Negative (both MRI and Arthroscopy negative for ACL injury), and False Positive/False Negative (differences between MRI and Arthroscopy). The arthroscopic inspection and MRI findings were entered into SPSS 23 software for tabulation and analysis. When necessary, both descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Results: The study of statistics Arthroscopy was performed on 127 patients, either for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. A correlation was found when all the data was analyzed and tabulated. The majority of the patients were males (85.8%) in the second and third decades of life. The sensitivity, specificity, NPV, PPV, and accuracy of MRI in diagnosing ACL injuries were 89.89%, 64.28%, 64.28%, 89.89%, and 84.25%, respectively. Conclusion: MRI is an accurate and non-invasive modality for assessing ACL tears, showing good accuracy and high sensitivity. However, Arthroscopy remains the gold standard for diagnosing ACL injuries.
{"title":"Comparison of MRI versus Arthroscopy in Assessment of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries of The Knee Keeping Arthroscopy as Gold Standard","authors":"Auon Shabbir Khan Niazi, Muhammad Uzair Khan Niazi, Irta Zainab, H. Mumtaz, Midhat Zahra, A. Anwer","doi":"10.48036/apims.v19i2.598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48036/apims.v19i2.598","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the correlation between Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings and Arthroscopy in diagnosing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, using Arthroscopy as the gold standard.\u0000Methodology: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, from February to August 2019. Clinical evidence of ACL injury was present in 127 individuals. They had an MRI as well as an arthroscopy. The diagnostic efficacy of MRI for ACL tears was evaluated, and its sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy were all calculated.\u0000Comparisons between arthroscopic and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings yielded three classifications: True Positive (MRI verified by Arthroscopy), True Negative (both MRI and Arthroscopy negative for ACL injury), and False Positive/False Negative (differences between MRI and Arthroscopy). The arthroscopic inspection and MRI findings were entered into SPSS 23 software for tabulation and analysis. When necessary, both descriptive and inferential statistics were used.\u0000Results: The study of statistics Arthroscopy was performed on 127 patients, either for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. A correlation was found when all the data was analyzed and tabulated. The majority of the patients were males (85.8%) in the second and third decades of life. The sensitivity, specificity, NPV, PPV, and accuracy of MRI in diagnosing ACL injuries were 89.89%, 64.28%, 64.28%, 89.89%, and 84.25%, respectively.\u0000Conclusion: MRI is an accurate and non-invasive modality for assessing ACL tears, showing good accuracy and high sensitivity. However, Arthroscopy remains the gold standard for diagnosing ACL injuries.","PeriodicalId":184398,"journal":{"name":"Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University","volume":"86 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131451687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.48036/apims.v19i2.734
Muhammad Tahir Ghani, Ambreen Mobaraz, Huma Azam Malik, Adil Rafiq, Fareeha Ajmal
Objectives: The aim of this study is to find out the non-surgical causes of acute abdomen, their frequencies, and to make an algorithm to make a methodology for excluding surgical abdomen. Methodology: This descriptive case series study was carried out in departments of pediatrics and surgery in Aero hospital from January 2021 to November 2022. One hundred children with acute abdomen who were referred for surgical opinion and found to have non-surgical abdomen were included in the study. Surgical causes were ruled out after serial examinations and investigations by consultant surgeons. All non-surgical causes, their frequencies of presentation were recorded and an algorithm was made. Descriptive data was analyzed using SPPS version 25. Results: Gastroenteritis was found to be the most important cause of non-surgical acute abdomen and found in 23% (n=23) children followed by 18% (n=18) mesenteric lymphadenitis, nonspecific abdominal pain 12% (n=12), UTI 7% (n=7), worm infestation 7% (n=7), enteric ileitis 06% (n=6), Covid 05% (n=5), hepatitis 05%(n=5), constipation 04% (n=4), dengue 4% (n=4), ruptured ovarian follicle 3% (n=3), renal calculi 2% (n=2), Henoch schonlein purpura 2% (n=2) and gastritis 2% (n=2). An algorithm also made at the end of study to help treating surgeons to rule out surgical abdomen. Conclusion: Gastroenteritis is the leading cause of acute non-surgical abdomen in children along with many other causes and these must be carefully ruled out by an algorithm to avoid unnecessary surgeries.
{"title":"Non Surgical Causes of Acute Abdomen in Children: Surgeons Standpoint for Exclusion","authors":"Muhammad Tahir Ghani, Ambreen Mobaraz, Huma Azam Malik, Adil Rafiq, Fareeha Ajmal","doi":"10.48036/apims.v19i2.734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48036/apims.v19i2.734","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of this study is to find out the non-surgical causes of acute abdomen, their frequencies, and to make an algorithm to make a methodology for excluding surgical abdomen.\u0000Methodology: This descriptive case series study was carried out in departments of pediatrics and surgery in Aero hospital from January 2021 to November 2022. One hundred children with acute abdomen who were referred for surgical opinion and found to have non-surgical abdomen were included in the study. Surgical causes were ruled out after serial examinations and investigations by consultant surgeons. All non-surgical causes, their frequencies of presentation were recorded and an algorithm was made. Descriptive data was analyzed using SPPS version 25.\u0000Results: Gastroenteritis was found to be the most important cause of non-surgical acute abdomen and found in 23% (n=23) children followed by 18% (n=18) mesenteric lymphadenitis, nonspecific abdominal pain 12% (n=12), UTI 7% (n=7), worm infestation 7% (n=7), enteric ileitis 06% (n=6), Covid 05% (n=5), hepatitis 05%(n=5), constipation 04% (n=4), dengue 4% (n=4), ruptured ovarian follicle 3% (n=3), renal calculi 2% (n=2), Henoch schonlein purpura 2% (n=2) and gastritis 2% (n=2). An algorithm also made at the end of study to help treating surgeons to rule out surgical abdomen.\u0000Conclusion: Gastroenteritis is the leading cause of acute non-surgical abdomen in children along with many other causes and these must be carefully ruled out by an algorithm to avoid unnecessary surgeries.","PeriodicalId":184398,"journal":{"name":"Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134121405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.48036/apims.v19i2.747
Abdul Baqi Khan, Shahrukh Khan, Muhammad Umair, Qasim Zia, F. Iqbal, Rabia Mahmood
Objective: To evaluate the level of Post-amputation anxiety among patients reporting to rehabilitation centers in Quetta Methodology: This Cross-sectional research was done in Quetta at the three rehabilitation centres from May-July 2018. Clients with amputations were included, and then data collected through a structured-adopted questionnaire for "Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale". 54 subjects were involved, according to inclusion & exclusion criteria. Frequencies and percentages were described for categorical variables, and data was stratified by reason for amputation, gender, level of education, and marital status with respect to an outcome variable, anxiety. The collected data was then tabularized & analyzed by using Chi-square test. Results: Out of 54 participants, 47 were men while 7 were women. Data displayed that 30 (55.6%) were normal & 24 (44.4%) had anxiety. 49(91%) & 5(9%) participants were having lower & upper limb amputations, respectively. Results indicate that level of anxiety among participants had a statistically non significant relationship with a level/type of amputation. Conclusion: Anxiety and amputation have significant impacts on functional impairment, psychological reactions, and quality of life. The research highlights the association between amputation and anxiety, providing insight to healthcare providers that anxiety is a common occurrence in the context of amputation. The findings of this study can be valuable for prevention strategies.
{"title":"Post-Amputation Anxiety Among Patients Reporting to Rehabilitation Centers in Quetta","authors":"Abdul Baqi Khan, Shahrukh Khan, Muhammad Umair, Qasim Zia, F. Iqbal, Rabia Mahmood","doi":"10.48036/apims.v19i2.747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48036/apims.v19i2.747","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the level of Post-amputation anxiety among patients reporting to rehabilitation centers in Quetta\u0000Methodology: This Cross-sectional research was done in Quetta at the three rehabilitation centres from May-July 2018. Clients with amputations were included, and then data collected through a structured-adopted questionnaire for \"Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale\". 54 subjects were involved, according to inclusion & exclusion criteria. Frequencies and percentages were described for categorical variables, and data was stratified by reason for amputation, gender, level of education, and marital status with respect to an outcome variable, anxiety. The collected data was then tabularized & analyzed by using Chi-square test.\u0000Results: Out of 54 participants, 47 were men while 7 were women. Data displayed that 30 (55.6%) were normal & 24 (44.4%) had anxiety. 49(91%) & 5(9%) participants were having lower & upper limb amputations, respectively. Results indicate that level of anxiety among participants had a statistically non significant relationship with a level/type of amputation.\u0000Conclusion: Anxiety and amputation have significant impacts on functional impairment, psychological reactions, and quality of life. The research highlights the association between amputation and anxiety, providing insight to healthcare providers that anxiety is a common occurrence in the context of amputation. The findings of this study can be valuable for prevention strategies.","PeriodicalId":184398,"journal":{"name":"Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131202159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.48036/apims.v19i2.845
A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, M. Umar, Misbah Marryam, Muhammad Salman, Hiba Rashid, M. Badshah
Objective: To investigate the impact of BOTOX, along with task-specific training, on focal hand dystonia in post-stroke patients and to determine the correlation between quality of life and motor outcomes in upper extremity dystonic patients. Methodology: A quasi-experimental involving 20 patients, study was conducted at Holy Family Hospital (HFH), Chambeli Institute of Rehabilitation in Rawalpindi, and Neurocounsel Clinic in Islamabad. A convenient sampling technique was utilized to select participants for inclusion in the study. Assessments were conducted at four time points: baseline (0 weeks), 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks. The assessment tools used were the Abductor Digiti Minimi Abduction (ADDA) test, Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), and Stroke-Specific Quality of Life (SS-QoL) questionnaire. Repeated measures ANOVA was employed to analyze mean differences in data across various weeks. The associations between scales were evaluated using Spearman's rho and Pearson correlation coefficients, based on different variables. Results: The mean age was 42.7 ± 10.45 years. The study included 14 males and 6 females. Repeated measures ANOVA indicated a significant difference between MAS scores for upper extremity and quality of life in post-stroke dystonic patients, with a p-value of 0.001**. A strong positive correlation coefficient was found between MAS and SS-QoL through Spearman's correlation analysis, with a p-value of less than 0.05. Conclusion: The administration of Type a Botulinum toxin, coupled with task-specific training, not only exhibited improvements in upper limb motor outcomes but also in the quality of life of focal hand dystonic patients after a stroke.
{"title":"Impact of Botulinum Toxin Along with Task-Specific Training in Post-Stroke Quality of Life in Focal Hand Dystonia","authors":"A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, M. Umar, Misbah Marryam, Muhammad Salman, Hiba Rashid, M. Badshah","doi":"10.48036/apims.v19i2.845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48036/apims.v19i2.845","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the impact of BOTOX, along with task-specific training, on focal hand dystonia in post-stroke patients and to determine the correlation between quality of life and motor outcomes in upper extremity dystonic patients.\u0000Methodology: A quasi-experimental involving 20 patients, study was conducted at Holy Family Hospital (HFH), Chambeli Institute of Rehabilitation in Rawalpindi, and Neurocounsel Clinic in Islamabad. A convenient sampling technique was utilized to select participants for inclusion in the study. Assessments were conducted at four time points: baseline (0 weeks), 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks. The assessment tools used were the Abductor Digiti Minimi Abduction (ADDA) test, Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), and Stroke-Specific Quality of Life (SS-QoL) questionnaire. Repeated measures ANOVA was employed to analyze mean differences in data across various weeks. The associations between scales were evaluated using Spearman's rho and Pearson correlation coefficients, based on different variables.\u0000Results: The mean age was 42.7 ± 10.45 years. The study included 14 males and 6 females. Repeated measures ANOVA indicated a significant difference between MAS scores for upper extremity and quality of life in post-stroke dystonic patients, with a p-value of 0.001**. A strong positive correlation coefficient was found between MAS and SS-QoL through Spearman's correlation analysis, with a p-value of less than 0.05.\u0000Conclusion: The administration of Type a Botulinum toxin, coupled with task-specific training, not only exhibited improvements in upper limb motor outcomes but also in the quality of life of focal hand dystonic patients after a stroke.","PeriodicalId":184398,"journal":{"name":"Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123168160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.48036/apims.v19i2.576
A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, Ansab Hasnain Naqvi, Manza Maqsood Khan, A. Hussain, S. Hasnain, M. Naqvi, Syeda Mehak Hasnain, Jawad Faisal
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the role of serum lipid profile as an indicator of early changes in head and neck cancer cells and to assess the potential value of these changes in detecting neoplastic cell alterations at an early stage. Methodology: The Hospital-based case-control study was carried out on 48 patients with newly diagnosed Head & Neck malignancies, attending the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Islamabad between July 2020 and December 2020. Forty-eight Age and sex-matched who did not have any renal, hepatic or cardiac dysfunction were taken as controls. Fasting blood samples were drawn and analyzed for lipid profile as recommended in the literature. Results: A significant change in plasma lipid profile with P values of Total Cholesterol (0.000), Triglyceride (0.004), and HDL (0.009) of <0.05 indicates that there is a statistically significant reduction of mean serum Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride, and HDL in subjects with head and neck cancer compared to the control group. Conclusion: The altered plasma lipid status observed in this study suggests its potential as a valuable signal for early alterations in neoplastic cells associated with head and neck malignancies. Furthermore, a comprehensive review focusing on cholesterol-carrying lipoprotein transportation and the efficacy of receptor systems may contribute to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms controlling plasma cholesterol concentration in the context of cancer.
{"title":"Role of Serum Lipid Profile; Indicator of Early Changes in Head and Neck Cancer Cells","authors":"A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, Ansab Hasnain Naqvi, Manza Maqsood Khan, A. Hussain, S. Hasnain, M. Naqvi, Syeda Mehak Hasnain, Jawad Faisal","doi":"10.48036/apims.v19i2.576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48036/apims.v19i2.576","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the role of serum lipid profile as an indicator of early changes in head and neck cancer cells and to assess the potential value of these changes in detecting neoplastic cell alterations at an early stage.\u0000Methodology: The Hospital-based case-control study was carried out on 48 patients with newly diagnosed Head & Neck malignancies, attending the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Islamabad between July 2020 and December 2020. Forty-eight Age and sex-matched who did not have any renal, hepatic or cardiac dysfunction were taken as controls. Fasting blood samples were drawn and analyzed for lipid profile as recommended in the literature.\u0000Results: A significant change in plasma lipid profile with P values of Total Cholesterol (0.000), Triglyceride (0.004), and HDL (0.009) of <0.05 indicates that there is a statistically significant reduction of mean serum Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride, and HDL in subjects with head and neck cancer compared to the control group.\u0000Conclusion: The altered plasma lipid status observed in this study suggests its potential as a valuable signal for early alterations in neoplastic cells associated with head and neck malignancies. Furthermore, a comprehensive review focusing on cholesterol-carrying lipoprotein transportation and the efficacy of receptor systems may contribute to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms controlling plasma cholesterol concentration in the context of cancer.","PeriodicalId":184398,"journal":{"name":"Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124162923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.48036/apims.v19i2.814
A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, Quaid Saeed, U. Waheed
Ann Pak Inst Med Sci April-June 2023 Vol. 19 No. 2 52 Role of Regulations in Improving Quality of Blood Transfusion Services in Islamabad: Recent Developments and Future Strategies Quaid Saeed, Usman Waheed 1 Islamabad Healthcare Regulatory Authority, Ministry of National Health Services, Regulations, & Coordination, Islamabad, 2 Department of Allied Health Sciences, Islamabad Medical and Dental College, Islamabad
{"title":"Role of Regulations in Improving Quality of Blood Transfusion Services in Islamabad; Recent Developments and Future Strategies","authors":"A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, Quaid Saeed, U. Waheed","doi":"10.48036/apims.v19i2.814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48036/apims.v19i2.814","url":null,"abstract":"Ann Pak Inst Med Sci April-June 2023 Vol. 19 No. 2 52 Role of Regulations in Improving Quality of Blood Transfusion Services in Islamabad: Recent Developments and Future Strategies Quaid Saeed, Usman Waheed 1 Islamabad Healthcare Regulatory Authority, Ministry of National Health Services, Regulations, & Coordination, Islamabad, 2 Department of Allied Health Sciences, Islamabad Medical and Dental College, Islamabad","PeriodicalId":184398,"journal":{"name":"Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128944556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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