Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.48036/apims.v13i4.910
A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, Honeyia Imran, Taimoor Ali Tariq, Muzammil Rasheed Bhutta, Z. Sipra, I. Din, Arqam Awais
It is very common to see enlarged retroperitoneal lymph nodes. However there are circumstances where we report an enlarged retroperitoneal lymph node that is actually not pathological rather an enlarged cisterna chyli mimicking retroperitoneal nodal disease. A case report of a patient with known hepatocellular carcinoma, CT scan triphasic liver was performed and a finding was made with enlarged retroperitoneal lymph node involved by the disease process, however MRI and FNAC correlation was advised, which turned out to be an enlarged cisterna chyli rather than enlarged retroperitoneal node.
{"title":"Imaging Appearance of Enlarged Cisterna Chyli Mimicking Retroperitoneal Nodal Disease; A Rare Case Report","authors":"A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, Honeyia Imran, Taimoor Ali Tariq, Muzammil Rasheed Bhutta, Z. Sipra, I. Din, Arqam Awais","doi":"10.48036/apims.v13i4.910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48036/apims.v13i4.910","url":null,"abstract":"It is very common to see enlarged retroperitoneal lymph nodes. However there are circumstances where we report an enlarged retroperitoneal lymph node that is actually not pathological rather an enlarged cisterna chyli mimicking retroperitoneal nodal disease.\u0000A case report of a patient with known hepatocellular carcinoma, CT scan triphasic liver was performed and a finding was made with enlarged retroperitoneal lymph node involved by the disease process, however MRI and FNAC correlation was advised, which turned out to be an enlarged cisterna chyli rather than enlarged retroperitoneal node.","PeriodicalId":184398,"journal":{"name":"Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University","volume":"63 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140511466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.48036/apims.v13i4.988
A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, Farrukh Malik, Asim Ali, R. Ullah, Z. Arain, Badr Mansoor, Muhammad Iqbal, Interventional Cardiology Fellow
Objective: To determine in-hospital incidence of acute kidney injury among patients of acute coronary syndrome who have transient hypotension in catheterization laboratory. Methodology: A prospective hospital-based study was conducted at National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease (NICVD), Karachi from October 2022 to March, 2023. All adult patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention within 72 hours of admission and experienced transient hypotension during procedure, normal renal function before procedure, age between 18 years to 75 years, and both males and females were included in this study. Baseline and clinical data were collected, and all statistical tests were conducted with a level of significance (p-value) of <0.05 using SPSS Version 22.0. Results: The total cohort size consisted of 290 patients. Prevalence of acute kidney injury was more common in patients with STEMI 57(19.6%) followed by NSTEMI 18(6.2%), and UA 8(2.7%) but there is an insignificant association among them, p = 0.71. On multivariate binominal analysis, males (OR = 2.49), rural residents (OR = 0.25), hypertensives (OR = 2.18), diabetics (OR = 9.37), hyperlipidemia (OR = 3.85), and patients with LVEF <50% (OR = 6.34) were more likely to develop acute kidney injury (p = <0.05). Conclusion: In this study, majority of the patients experienced acute kidney injury and prevalence in our study is higher than previously conducted studies. Among all risk factors, LVEF <50%, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia were most prevalent risk factors of AKI.
{"title":"In-Hospital Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury Among Patients of Acute Coronary Syndrome Who Have Transient Hypotension in Catheterization Laboratory","authors":"A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, Farrukh Malik, Asim Ali, R. Ullah, Z. Arain, Badr Mansoor, Muhammad Iqbal, Interventional Cardiology Fellow","doi":"10.48036/apims.v13i4.988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48036/apims.v13i4.988","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine in-hospital incidence of acute kidney injury among patients of acute coronary syndrome who have transient hypotension in catheterization laboratory. \u0000Methodology: A prospective hospital-based study was conducted at National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease (NICVD), Karachi from October 2022 to March, 2023. All adult patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention within 72 hours of admission and experienced transient hypotension during procedure, normal renal function before procedure, age between 18 years to 75 years, and both males and females were included in this study. Baseline and clinical data were collected, and all statistical tests were conducted with a level of significance (p-value) of <0.05 using SPSS Version 22.0. \u0000Results: The total cohort size consisted of 290 patients. Prevalence of acute kidney injury was more common in patients with STEMI 57(19.6%) followed by NSTEMI 18(6.2%), and UA 8(2.7%) but there is an insignificant association among them, p = 0.71. On multivariate binominal analysis, males (OR = 2.49), rural residents (OR = 0.25), hypertensives (OR = 2.18), diabetics (OR = 9.37), hyperlipidemia (OR = 3.85), and patients with LVEF <50% (OR = 6.34) were more likely to develop acute kidney injury (p = <0.05). \u0000Conclusion: In this study, majority of the patients experienced acute kidney injury and prevalence in our study is higher than previously conducted studies. Among all risk factors, LVEF <50%, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia were most prevalent risk factors of AKI.","PeriodicalId":184398,"journal":{"name":"Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University","volume":"116 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140511708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.48036/apims.v13i4.978
A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, S. Memon, Akram, Gul Hassan Brohi, Tahir Hussain Soomro, Nayab Samar, Dr. Yusra Consultant Cardiologist
Objective: To determine the association of hypocalcemia with in-hospital outcomes in terms of in-hospital mortality in patients with heart failure. Methodology: This descriptive Study was done at department of Cardiology, LUMHS, Jamshoro, from March 2022 to March 2023. Patients aged 18 to 80 years old both genders, patients who were present with heart failure were included. Baseline investigations, including serum calcium levels, were performed, with hypocalcemia defined as serum calcium levels <8.7mg/dL. Patients were then categorized based on the presence or absence of hypocalcemia and assessed for in-hospital mortality. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24.0. Results: The mean age of the patients was 63.84 years with a standard deviation of 15.55 years and mean serum calcium level was 8.80 mg/dL. Among the patients, 69.4% were male and 30.6% were female. Among patients of heart failure, the in-Hospital mortality was 18.3%. The overall frequency of hypocalcemia in patients with heart failure was 19.40%. Among patients how died during hospital stay, 2.6% had hypocalcemia, while 16.8% were died without hypocalcemia, the p-value 0.316 indicated that the association of hypocalcemia was statistically insignificant (p-0.316). The P-values for gender and diabetes mellitus were significant (<0.05), indicating a correlation between these factors and hypocalcemia, while age and hypertension showed insignificant associations with hypocalcemia (>0.05).
{"title":"Association of Hypocalcemia with In-Hospital Outcomes in Patients with Heart Failure","authors":"A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, S. Memon, Akram, Gul Hassan Brohi, Tahir Hussain Soomro, Nayab Samar, Dr. Yusra Consultant Cardiologist","doi":"10.48036/apims.v13i4.978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48036/apims.v13i4.978","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the association of hypocalcemia with in-hospital outcomes in terms of in-hospital mortality in patients with heart failure. \u0000Methodology: This descriptive Study was done at department of Cardiology, LUMHS, Jamshoro, from March 2022 to March 2023. Patients aged 18 to 80 years old both genders, patients who were present with heart failure were included. Baseline investigations, including serum calcium levels, were performed, with hypocalcemia defined as serum calcium levels <8.7mg/dL. Patients were then categorized based on the presence or absence of hypocalcemia and assessed for in-hospital mortality. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24.0.\u0000Results: The mean age of the patients was 63.84 years with a standard deviation of 15.55 years and mean serum calcium level was 8.80 mg/dL. Among the patients, 69.4% were male and 30.6% were female. Among patients of heart failure, the in-Hospital mortality was 18.3%. The overall frequency of hypocalcemia in patients with heart failure was 19.40%. Among patients how died during hospital stay, 2.6% had hypocalcemia, while 16.8% were died without hypocalcemia, the p-value 0.316 indicated that the association of hypocalcemia was statistically insignificant (p-0.316). The P-values for gender and diabetes mellitus were significant (<0.05), indicating a correlation between these factors and hypocalcemia, while age and hypertension showed insignificant associations with hypocalcemia (>0.05).","PeriodicalId":184398,"journal":{"name":"Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University","volume":"12 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140511765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.48036/apims.v13i4.955
A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, Sohail Shahzad, U. Khan, Itrat Fatima, Taqi Hasan, Wajeeha Amber
Objective: To compare the assessment of gestational age (GA) in newborns using the Parkin Scoring and the New Ballard Scoring methods with the Ultrasound Scan Method as the Standard Reference, conducted at a peripheral military setup. Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Pediatrics department of Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Abbottabad from July 2019 to June 2020. A total of 102 newborns were recruited from the CMH Nursery. GA was assessed using ultrasound scan, Parkin Score (PS), and the New Ballard Score (NBS). Pearson correlation coefficient statistics were calculated to evaluate the strength of associations among the three methods. The significance level (p value) was set at 0.05. Results: The study included 47 (46.1%) females and 55 (53.9%) males. The highest GA (days) was calculated by ultrasound scan (268.76 ± 0.83), followed by PS GA (266.65 ± 1.00) and NBS (264.38 ± 1.05). There was no significant difference in GA assessment between PS and the ultrasound scan (2.32 ± 1.37 days; p = 0.208). The GA assessment between NBS and the ultrasound scan was found to be significant (4.38 ± 1.37 days; p = 0.004). However, this difference is not clinically significant. The NBS and PS GA assessment had a strong positive correlation (Pearson Coefficient = 0.80). Conclusions: The PS is a reliable method for assessing GA in newborns and is comparable to the NBS. Further research with a larger sample size should be conducted to validate these findings.
{"title":"Comparison of Parkin Score and New Ballard Score for Gestational Age Assessment in Newborns with Ultrasound Scan as the Standard Reference","authors":"A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, Sohail Shahzad, U. Khan, Itrat Fatima, Taqi Hasan, Wajeeha Amber","doi":"10.48036/apims.v13i4.955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48036/apims.v13i4.955","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare the assessment of gestational age (GA) in newborns using the Parkin Scoring and the New Ballard Scoring methods with the Ultrasound Scan Method as the Standard Reference, conducted at a peripheral military setup. \u0000Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Pediatrics department of Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Abbottabad from July 2019 to June 2020. A total of 102 newborns were recruited from the CMH Nursery. GA was assessed using ultrasound scan, Parkin Score (PS), and the New Ballard Score (NBS). Pearson correlation coefficient statistics were calculated to evaluate the strength of associations among the three methods. The significance level (p value) was set at 0.05. \u0000Results: The study included 47 (46.1%) females and 55 (53.9%) males. The highest GA (days) was calculated by ultrasound scan (268.76 ± 0.83), followed by PS GA (266.65 ± 1.00) and NBS (264.38 ± 1.05). There was no significant difference in GA assessment between PS and the ultrasound scan (2.32 ± 1.37 days; p = 0.208). The GA assessment between NBS and the ultrasound scan was found to be significant (4.38 ± 1.37 days; p = 0.004). However, this difference is not clinically significant. The NBS and PS GA assessment had a strong positive correlation (Pearson Coefficient = 0.80). \u0000Conclusions: The PS is a reliable method for assessing GA in newborns and is comparable to the NBS. Further research with a larger sample size should be conducted to validate these findings.","PeriodicalId":184398,"journal":{"name":"Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University","volume":"111 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140511819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.48036/apims.v13i4.904
Sana Javed Khoso, Waheed Murad Dahri, Saba Parveen, Muzaffar Qayoom Khan Ghori, Arslan Ali Vistro, Fida Baloch
Objective: To investigate the effect of smokeless tobacco on the histopathology of the thyroid gland in albino rats. Methodology: The experimental study was conducted at the Animal House of Sindh Agriculture University over a three-month duration from June to August 2018. Thirty healthy, non-pregnant female albino rats, aged 8-10 weeks and weighing 200-230 grams, were divided into three groups. The Control group received a standard diet, Experimental Group A was exposed to 5% smokeless tobacco, and Group B to 10%. Rats were housed under hygienic conditions. After the experiment, the rats were weighed, euthanized via cervical dislocation, and their thyroid glands were removed for detailed dissection. Tissues were preserved in 10% formaldehyde, processed for microscopic examination through paraffin embedding and sectioning (2-5 µm thick), and finally stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and trichrome stain. Results: Significantly reduced weight was observed in albino rats from Group 2 and 3 compared to controls (p-value < 0.0001). In the control group (Group I), histological examination revealed a normal structure of thyroid follicles. In Group 2, stroma exhibited mild infiltration of chronic inflammatory cells, whereas Group 3 showed benign lesions with mild fibrosis. Conclusion: In summary, smokeless tobacco has adverse effects on the weight of albino rats and may alter the normal histology of the thyroid gland. Further investigation into the effects on thyroid hormone levels and a study of the dose-dependent effects of various chemicals in smokeless tobacco on the thyroid gland are recommended.
{"title":"The Effect of Smokeless Tobacco on the Histopathology of Thyroid Gland in Albino Rats","authors":"Sana Javed Khoso, Waheed Murad Dahri, Saba Parveen, Muzaffar Qayoom Khan Ghori, Arslan Ali Vistro, Fida Baloch","doi":"10.48036/apims.v13i4.904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48036/apims.v13i4.904","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the effect of smokeless tobacco on the histopathology of the thyroid gland in albino rats.\u0000Methodology: The experimental study was conducted at the Animal House of Sindh Agriculture University over a three-month duration from June to August 2018. Thirty healthy, non-pregnant female albino rats, aged 8-10 weeks and weighing 200-230 grams, were divided into three groups. The Control group received a standard diet, Experimental Group A was exposed to 5% smokeless tobacco, and Group B to 10%. Rats were housed under hygienic conditions. After the experiment, the rats were weighed, euthanized via cervical dislocation, and their thyroid glands were removed for detailed dissection. Tissues were preserved in 10% formaldehyde, processed for microscopic examination through paraffin embedding and sectioning (2-5 µm thick), and finally stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and trichrome stain.\u0000Results: Significantly reduced weight was observed in albino rats from Group 2 and 3 compared to controls (p-value < 0.0001). In the control group (Group I), histological examination revealed a normal structure of thyroid follicles. In Group 2, stroma exhibited mild infiltration of chronic inflammatory cells, whereas Group 3 showed benign lesions with mild fibrosis.\u0000Conclusion: In summary, smokeless tobacco has adverse effects on the weight of albino rats and may alter the normal histology of the thyroid gland. Further investigation into the effects on thyroid hormone levels and a study of the dose-dependent effects of various chemicals in smokeless tobacco on the thyroid gland are recommended.","PeriodicalId":184398,"journal":{"name":"Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University","volume":"41 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139535070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.48036/apims.v13i4.941
Tariq Iqbal
{"title":"Medical Education and Research: Addressing Challenges and Solutions with Pragmatism","authors":"Tariq Iqbal","doi":"10.48036/apims.v13i4.941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48036/apims.v13i4.941","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":184398,"journal":{"name":"Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139628275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.48036/apims.v13i4.938
A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, Afsheen Batool Raza, Lubna Riaz, A. Tariq, Ghanwa Pervaiz, S. Iram, Shazia Rizwan
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study is to determine the spectrum of vaccine preventable diseases amongst children in pediatric medical unit of tertiary care hospitals and also determine its relationship with the vaccination status. METHODOLOGY: It was a cross sectional study held at isolation ward of pediatric therapeutic division of The Children’s Hospital and University of Child Health Sciences and Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore from December 2019 to November, 2020. We included children aged between 2 months to 16 years. After getting parental consent, precise history taken and examination done. Patients admitted with different vaccine preventable diseases analyzed. RESULTS: One hundred and twenty patients were enrolled. Amongst them, 55.83% were male and 44.17 % were female. Amongst spectrum of diseases, most common was chicken pox 43(35.83%) followed by measles 32(26.6 %), tetanus 20 (16.6%), diphtheria 13(10.83 %), mumps 12 (10%). CONCLUSION: Amongst diseases, chicken pox was the commonest one. Non-vaccination is the major reason that children are presenting with these potentially morbid diseases. Moreover, vaccine against varicella should be included in EPI Programme for our country.
{"title":"Spectrum of Vaccine Preventable Diseases Amongst Children in Isolation Ward of Tertiary Care Hospitals","authors":"A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, Afsheen Batool Raza, Lubna Riaz, A. Tariq, Ghanwa Pervaiz, S. Iram, Shazia Rizwan","doi":"10.48036/apims.v13i4.938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48036/apims.v13i4.938","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: \u0000The objective of the study is to determine the spectrum of vaccine preventable diseases amongst children in pediatric medical unit of tertiary care hospitals and also determine its relationship with the vaccination status. \u0000METHODOLOGY: \u0000It was a cross sectional study held at isolation ward of pediatric therapeutic division of The Children’s Hospital and University of Child Health Sciences and Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore from December 2019 to November, 2020. We included children aged between 2 months to 16 years. After getting parental consent, precise history taken and examination done. Patients admitted with different vaccine preventable diseases analyzed. \u0000RESULTS: \u0000One hundred and twenty patients were enrolled. Amongst them, 55.83% were male and 44.17 % were female. Amongst spectrum of diseases, most common was chicken pox 43(35.83%) followed by measles 32(26.6 %), tetanus 20 (16.6%), diphtheria 13(10.83 %), mumps 12 (10%). \u0000CONCLUSION: \u0000Amongst diseases, chicken pox was the commonest one. Non-vaccination is the major reason that children are presenting with these potentially morbid diseases. Moreover, vaccine against varicella should be included in EPI Programme for our country. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":184398,"journal":{"name":"Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University","volume":" 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139628540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.48036/apims.v13i4.848
Muhammad Shahwaiz Malik, Anza Talal, Sajeel Ahmad, Aaisha Ghaffar, V. Raza, Khalid Javeed Khan
Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to breast cancer and breast cancer screening among female medical students, healthcare workers, and hospital employees. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted from September 1, 2021, to October 30, 2021. A questionnaire on breast cancer awareness and self-breast examination was distributed to female medical students across all five years at Fatimah Jinnah Medical University, Lahore, and to female hospital employees at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore. A total of 404 women participated and were included in the study. Results: Out of the respondents, 71.2% were medical students, and 26.7% were doctors. Approximately 24% reported a family history of breast cancer. Media was identified as the primary source of information on breast cancer by 79.2% of women. Only 64.9% of respondents practiced self-breast examination, with merely 23.8% performing it monthly. Furthermore, only 37.1% correctly identified all the essential steps for conducting a breast self-examination. Conclusion: While the knowledge of breast cancer is satisfactory among healthcare workers and hospital employees, there is room for improvement in attitudes and practices related to early detection and screening. Initiatives should be undertaken by medical undergraduate curriculum coordinators to incorporate breast self-examination, clinical breast examination, and screening guidelines in both pre-clinical and clinical years of medical education. Additionally, information dissemination programs should be implemented in hospitals for all employees.
{"title":"Breast Cancer And Self Breast Examination Awareness Amongst Pakistani Female Medical Students and Hospital Employees: Assessing Shortcomings in Health Literacy","authors":"Muhammad Shahwaiz Malik, Anza Talal, Sajeel Ahmad, Aaisha Ghaffar, V. Raza, Khalid Javeed Khan","doi":"10.48036/apims.v13i4.848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48036/apims.v13i4.848","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to breast cancer and breast cancer screening among female medical students, healthcare workers, and hospital employees.\u0000Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted from September 1, 2021, to October 30, 2021. A questionnaire on breast cancer awareness and self-breast examination was distributed to female medical students across all five years at Fatimah Jinnah Medical University, Lahore, and to female hospital employees at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore. A total of 404 women participated and were included in the study.\u0000Results: Out of the respondents, 71.2% were medical students, and 26.7% were doctors. Approximately 24% reported a family history of breast cancer. Media was identified as the primary source of information on breast cancer by 79.2% of women. Only 64.9% of respondents practiced self-breast examination, with merely 23.8% performing it monthly. Furthermore, only 37.1% correctly identified all the essential steps for conducting a breast self-examination.\u0000Conclusion: While the knowledge of breast cancer is satisfactory among healthcare workers and hospital employees, there is room for improvement in attitudes and practices related to early detection and screening. Initiatives should be undertaken by medical undergraduate curriculum coordinators to incorporate breast self-examination, clinical breast examination, and screening guidelines in both pre-clinical and clinical years of medical education. Additionally, information dissemination programs should be implemented in hospitals for all employees.","PeriodicalId":184398,"journal":{"name":"Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University","volume":"15 S3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139628835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.48036/apims.v13i4.977
A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, Sajia Hafeez, Bushra Khan, Maria Khan, S. Syed, Fatima Waheed, Rubina Mustafa
Objective: To compare the effectiveness of vaginal progesterone versus oral nifedipine in the treatment of threatened preterm labor (TPL). Methodology: This randomized control trial was carried out at Gynae and OBS department of Ibn-E-Siena Hospital, Multan, during a period of six months from December 2020 to June 2021. Participants were randomly allocated to either the vaginal progesterone group or the oral nifedipine group using computer-generated randomization. In Group A, participants received oral nifedipine at a dose of 20mg every 30 minutes for three initial doses, followed by long-acting nifedipine SR 20mg every 12 hours until reaching 37 weeks of gestational age or until cervical dilation exceeded 4cm. In Group B, participants were instructed to use vaginal micronized progesterone tablets at a dosage of 200mg once daily until reaching 37 weeks of gestational age or until cervical dilation exceeded 4cm. Effectiveness, refers to the ability of each treatment option to successfully prolong pregnancy duration in cases of threatened preterm labor. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 29.6 years, with a standard deviation of 5.44 years. Mean gestational age was 33.32 weeks. In Group A, oral nifedipine showed effectiveness in (73.0%) of the cases. Conversely, Group B, which received vaginal progesterone, exhibited significantly higher efficacy rates, among 57 (90.5%) of the patients (p-value of 0.011). Effectiveness among two treatment modalities was found to be statistically insignificant according to age and parity of the women (p=>0.05). Conclusion: Study revealed a significant difference in efficacy between the two treatment modalities. Specifically, vaginal progesterone demonstrates superior efficacy compared to oral nifedipine, which underscores the potential advantages of vaginal progesterone in managing threatened preterm labor.
{"title":"Is Vaginal Progesterone More Effective to Treat Threatened Preterm Labour than Oral Nifedipine?","authors":"A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, Sajia Hafeez, Bushra Khan, Maria Khan, S. Syed, Fatima Waheed, Rubina Mustafa","doi":"10.48036/apims.v13i4.977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48036/apims.v13i4.977","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare the effectiveness of vaginal progesterone versus oral nifedipine in the treatment of threatened preterm labor (TPL). \u0000Methodology: This randomized control trial was carried out at Gynae and OBS department of Ibn-E-Siena Hospital, Multan, during a period of six months from December 2020 to June 2021. Participants were randomly allocated to either the vaginal progesterone group or the oral nifedipine group using computer-generated randomization. In Group A, participants received oral nifedipine at a dose of 20mg every 30 minutes for three initial doses, followed by long-acting nifedipine SR 20mg every 12 hours until reaching 37 weeks of gestational age or until cervical dilation exceeded 4cm. In Group B, participants were instructed to use vaginal micronized progesterone tablets at a dosage of 200mg once daily until reaching 37 weeks of gestational age or until cervical dilation exceeded 4cm. Effectiveness, refers to the ability of each treatment option to successfully prolong pregnancy duration in cases of threatened preterm labor. \u0000Results: The mean age of the subjects was 29.6 years, with a standard deviation of 5.44 years. Mean gestational age was 33.32 weeks. In Group A, oral nifedipine showed effectiveness in (73.0%) of the cases. Conversely, Group B, which received vaginal progesterone, exhibited significantly higher efficacy rates, among 57 (90.5%) of the patients (p-value of 0.011). Effectiveness among two treatment modalities was found to be statistically insignificant according to age and parity of the women (p=>0.05). \u0000Conclusion: Study revealed a significant difference in efficacy between the two treatment modalities. Specifically, vaginal progesterone demonstrates superior efficacy compared to oral nifedipine, which underscores the potential advantages of vaginal progesterone in managing threatened preterm labor.","PeriodicalId":184398,"journal":{"name":"Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University","volume":"60 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140511537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.48036/apims.v13i4.901
A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, Ayesha Fazal, Falahat Nasir, Anosha Mujtaba, Seemi Tanvir, Nida Fatima, Saamiya Nabeel
Objective: To evaluate the extent of learning achieved by the participants of ongoing Masters of Health Professionals Education (MHPE) program, corresponding to level 2 of Kirkpatrick’s model. Methodology: A total of 18 Masters of Health Professionals Education (MHPE) candidates were recruited in the study by convenience sampling, who attended the MHPE first session of Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, from 8th March, 2023 to 14th March. 2023. Those participants with at least 80% attendance and willing to participate were included, while those with attendance less than 80% were excluded from the study. A questionnaire comprising of three parts was used for data collection. The level 2 of Kirkpatrick’s model, that is “learning” was evaluated by analyzing data through SPSS. Results: Majority of the participants 12 (66.7%) agreed that they had clear understanding of learning objectives (LOs), and that the LOs were aligned with the knowledge and skills. Also, majority of the candidates showed strong consensus that the course material provided was easy and essential to success. Regarding content relevance, the content was found to be relevant to the HPE candidates. A large portion of the samples agreed that they were enriched with learning from the facilitator’s knowledge and skills. The delivery and style of the two facilitators involved in teaching was well engaging. The candidates showed little discomfort over the pace and length of the session. Conclusion: Overall, it was noted that the learning of MHPE candidates was improved in the first contact session of the MHPE program.
{"title":"Evaluation of Level 2 of Kirkpatrick’s Model “Learning” Among the Masters of Health Professional Education Candidates of Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad","authors":"A. Pak, Inst Med Sci, Ayesha Fazal, Falahat Nasir, Anosha Mujtaba, Seemi Tanvir, Nida Fatima, Saamiya Nabeel","doi":"10.48036/apims.v13i4.901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48036/apims.v13i4.901","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the extent of learning achieved by the participants of ongoing Masters of Health Professionals Education (MHPE) program, corresponding to level 2 of Kirkpatrick’s model.\u0000Methodology: A total of 18 Masters of Health Professionals Education (MHPE) candidates were recruited in the study by convenience sampling, who attended the MHPE first session of Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, from 8th March, 2023 to 14th March. 2023. Those participants with at least 80% attendance and willing to participate were included, while those with attendance less than 80% were excluded from the study. A questionnaire comprising of three parts was used for data collection. The level 2 of Kirkpatrick’s model, that is “learning” was evaluated by analyzing data through SPSS.\u0000Results: Majority of the participants 12 (66.7%) agreed that they had clear understanding of learning objectives (LOs), and that the LOs were aligned with the knowledge and skills. Also, majority of the candidates showed strong consensus that the course material provided was easy and essential to success. Regarding content relevance, the content was found to be relevant to the HPE candidates. A large portion of the samples agreed that they were enriched with learning from the facilitator’s knowledge and skills. The delivery and style of the two facilitators involved in teaching was well engaging. The candidates showed little discomfort over the pace and length of the session.\u0000Conclusion: Overall, it was noted that the learning of MHPE candidates was improved in the first contact session of the MHPE program. ","PeriodicalId":184398,"journal":{"name":"Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140512103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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