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2016 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)最新文献

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Modelling of early age tensile strain development of fresh concrete 新混凝土早期拉伸应变发展模型
Pub Date : 2016-04-05 DOI: 10.1109/MERCON.2016.7480144
T. Weerasinghe, S. Nanayakkara
Plastic shrinkage cracking is a common phenomenon associated with concreting in hot and windy weather. Excess evaporation of bleed water causes loss of water from the concrete surface and plastic shrinkage occurs due to that at very early stage i.e. within the first 4-6 hours. Tensile strain will be developed as a result of this shrinkage and cracking will occur when it exceeds the tensile strain capacity of concrete. This paper is aimed at developing a model to simulate such behavior and determine the tensile strain development with time. First, key factors affecting shrinkage, bleeding and evaporation, were modelled and the starting time of drying was identified. Subsequent loss of water was calculated and incorporated in a finite element model to simulate the tensile strain development. Calculated strains were very similar to the measured strains and therefore the model can be used to accurately predict the development of early age tensile strain due to plastic shrinkage.
塑性收缩开裂是高温多风天气下混凝土施工的常见现象。溢流水的过度蒸发会导致混凝土表面水分流失,因此在早期阶段即前4-6小时内就会发生塑性收缩。这种收缩将产生拉应变,当超过混凝土的拉应变能力时将发生开裂。本文旨在建立一个模型来模拟这种行为,并确定拉伸应变随时间的发展。首先,对影响收缩、出血和蒸发的关键因素进行了建模,确定了干燥的开始时间。计算了随后的失水,并将其纳入有限元模型以模拟拉伸应变的发展。计算应变与实测应变非常接近,因此该模型可以准确预测塑性收缩引起的早期拉伸应变的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Limiting value of Reynolds Averaged Simulation in numerical prediction of flow over NACA4415 airfoil 雷诺平均模拟在NACA4415翼型流动数值预测中的极限值
Pub Date : 2016-04-05 DOI: 10.1109/MERCON.2016.7480136
N. Fernando, M. Narayana
Reynolds Averaged Simulation (RAS) and Large Eddy Simulation (LES) are two widely used turbulence modeling approaches in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). RAS simulations require less computing times than used by LES. When large eddies of flow become dominant, RAS simulations cannot predict accurate results. Hybrid RAS-LES approach is effective solution to reduce computational cost and time. In this approach, only parts of flow where larger eddies become dominant are solved using LES, and other areas are resolved using RAS. In order to apply RAS-LES hybrid models, regions of flow where RAS simulation cannot be applied need to be identified. The present work finds the limiting value of angle of attack for a NACA4415 airfoil where RAS simulation can be applied. Simulations were performed using two widely used RAS turbulence models for angles of attacks ranging from -6 to 16.3 degrees. Then results are compared against experimental data. It is found that for NACA4415 airfoil at a Reynolds number of 1.5 million, RAS simulation can be used to successfully predict flow behavior up to an angle of attack of 4.1 degrees. Based on this limiting angle of attack, an approach is suggested for hybrid RAS-LES simulation for a wind turbine.
雷诺平均模拟(RAS)和大涡模拟(LES)是计算流体力学(CFD)中应用广泛的两种湍流模拟方法。与LES相比,RAS模拟所需的计算时间更少。当大涡流占据主导地位时,RAS模拟无法预测准确的结果。混合RAS-LES方法是减少计算成本和时间的有效解决方案。在这种方法中,只有较大涡流占主导地位的部分流使用LES解决,其他区域使用RAS解决。为了应用RAS- les混合模型,需要确定不能应用RAS模拟的流动区域。本文研究了NACA4415型翼型迎角的极限值,并对其进行了RAS仿真。模拟使用了两种广泛使用的RAS湍流模型,攻角范围从-6到16.3度。然后将结果与实验数据进行比较。研究发现,对于雷诺数为150万的NACA4415翼型,RAS模拟可以成功地预测攻角为4.1度的流动行为。在此基础上,提出了一种风力机RAS-LES混合仿真方法。
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引用次数: 2
Numerical simulation of the moisture diffusion in copra drying process 干燥过程中水分扩散的数值模拟
Pub Date : 2016-04-05 DOI: 10.1109/MERCON.2016.7480138
A. Mendis, A. Amarasinghe, M. Narayana
This study intends to determine the diffusion coefficient of moisture during hot air drying of copra. A computational fluid dynamic model was used to fine-tune the system parameters with experimental data. Drying experiments were performed in a laboratory scale hot air dryer. Drying rate of copra can be divided into two sub-drying periods, first and second falling rate periods and two significantly different diffusion coefficients were obtained. This study further identified the critical moisture content of 30% as the probable limit between the first and second falling rate periods. The spatial distribution of moisture in the solid phase and the spatial distribution of vapor in the gas phase were also obtained as important findings of this study.
本研究旨在测定干椰子热风干燥过程中水分的扩散系数。采用计算流体力学模型,结合实验数据对系统参数进行微调。干燥实验在实验室规模的热风干燥机上进行。干燥速率可分为两个亚干燥阶段,即第一次和第二次下降速率阶段,并获得两个显著不同的扩散系数。该研究进一步确定了30%的临界含水率作为第一次和第二次下降速率周期之间的可能限制。得到了固相中水分的空间分布和气相中水蒸气的空间分布,这是本研究的重要发现。
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引用次数: 1
Stability analysis for a twin boom H- tail Medium Scale UAV through simulated dynamic model 基于仿真动力学模型的双臂H尾中型无人机稳定性分析
Pub Date : 2016-04-05 DOI: 10.1109/MERCON.2016.7480177
P. L. Kurukularachchi, S. R. Munasinghe, H. M. P. De Silva
This paper presents on the stability analysis for RAVAN twin boom H-Tail Medium Scale UAV which has been developed by University of Moratuwa. It is required to understand the UAV behavior for the small perturbations in high altitudes while it is flying to be invisible. Indeed, without doing a proper stability analysis in different flying conditions, there is a high risk to fail the UAV for perturbations. Not only that but also it will help to optimize aerodynamic behavior for prolonging the flight endurance and effective deployment. The proper stability analysis will facilitate to increase the control flexibility.XFLR5 computational fluid dynamic software is used to do this stability analysis.
本文介绍了莫拉图瓦大学研制的RAVAN双臂h尾中型无人机的稳定性分析。需要了解无人机在高空飞行过程中对微小扰动的行为,使其隐身。事实上,没有在不同的飞行条件下做一个适当的稳定性分析,有一个高风险使无人机因摄动而失败。不仅如此,它还有助于优化气动性能,延长飞行续航力和有效展开。适当的稳定性分析有助于增加控制的灵活性。采用XFLR5计算流体动力学软件进行稳定性分析。
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引用次数: 5
Use of surface modified silica in reinforcing carboxylated nitrile rubber latex 表面改性二氧化硅在增强羧化丁腈胶乳中的应用
Pub Date : 2016-04-05 DOI: 10.1109/MERCON.2016.7480168
R. Ramasinghe, G. K. B. M. Gannoruwa, N. Liyanage
Coupling agents are a special category of chemicals used to impart interactions between filler and polymer in polymer industry. Applicability of natural polymers (NPs) as coupling agents for silica filled Carboxylated Actrilonitrile Butadiene rubber (XNBR) latex is evaluated. Cellulose, Gelatin Chitin and Chitosan were used as coupling agents for this investigation. Modification of surface of silica particles with NPs was affected by an in-situ surface modification process. Interactions between polar groups of silica and functional groups of NP which hinder the aggregation of silica particles were confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. The colloidal stability of the unmodified / modified filler (UMF/MF) dispersions was evaluated by observing the phase separation upon standing. Stability of MF dispersions were found to be better than that of UMF dispersions. The reinforcing ability of silica through the surface modification by NPs was assessed by the evaluation of mechanical properties of XNBR vulcanized latex films filled with modified/unmodified fillers. The filler distribution within the rubber matrix was investigated through a metallurgical microscope by observing the films cross sections. NPs like chitin and gelatin were found to be effective coupling agents for silica probably by discouraging filler/filler interactions while encouraging rubber/filler interactions.
偶联剂是聚合物工业中用于增强填料与聚合物之间相互作用的一类特殊化学品。评价了天然聚合物(NPs)作为二氧化硅填充羧化丁腈橡胶(XNBR)乳胶偶联剂的适用性。以纤维素、明胶、几丁质和壳聚糖为偶联剂。采用原位表面改性工艺,研究了NPs对二氧化硅颗粒表面的改性效果。傅里叶红外光谱证实了二氧化硅极性基团与NP官能团之间的相互作用阻碍了二氧化硅颗粒的聚集。通过静置时相分离的观察,评价了未改性/改性填料(UMF/MF)分散体的胶体稳定性。发现中频分散体的稳定性优于中频分散体。通过对改性/未改性填料填充的XNBR硫化乳胶膜的力学性能评价,评价了NPs对二氧化硅表面改性的补强能力。通过金相显微镜观察薄膜的横截面,研究了填料在橡胶基体中的分布。甲壳素和明胶等NPs被发现是二氧化硅的有效偶联剂,可能是通过抑制填料/填料相互作用而促进橡胶/填料相互作用来实现的。
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引用次数: 2
Non-linear behaviour of open-cell metal foam under tensile loading 开孔泡沫金属在拉伸载荷下的非线性行为
Pub Date : 2016-04-05 DOI: 10.1109/MERCON.2016.7480166
A. Zimar, M. H. Nowsath, M. N. Muhammad, S. Herath
Metal foams are used extensively in civil and mechanical engineering applications. However the behaviuor of metal foams under various loading conditions are not well understood. Therefore this study investigates nonlinear behaviour of metal foams under tensile loading using finite element method. The metal foams were modelled using the available Abaqus finite element formulation. Previous experimental results of uniaxial tension behaviour of metal foams were taken to validate the numerical results. In particular, the stress-strain variations were obtained from the numerical model and compared with the experimental results. Agreeable match between experimental and numerical was found.
金属泡沫广泛应用于土木和机械工程。然而,人们对泡沫金属在各种载荷条件下的性能还不是很了解。因此,本文采用有限元法研究了金属泡沫材料在拉伸载荷作用下的非线性行为。利用Abaqus有限元模型对金属泡沫进行了建模。采用前人对金属泡沫单轴拉伸特性的实验结果对数值结果进行了验证。通过数值模拟得到了应力应变的变化规律,并与实验结果进行了比较。实验结果与数值结果吻合较好。
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引用次数: 3
Limit cycle like asymptotic dynamics in feedback loops with Memory Based Event Triggering 基于记忆的事件触发反馈环的类极限环渐近动力学
Pub Date : 2016-04-05 DOI: 10.1109/MERCON.2016.7480179
U. Premaratne
Memory Based Event Triggering (MBET) is a pragmatic approach to reduce the effective sampling rate of a control system. In MBET, periodically sampled state variables and control inputs are encoded such that data transmission takes place only when they change by a value that exceeds a predetermined threshold. This results in a significant reduction of network traffic in Networked Control Systems (NCS). Should MBET encoding result in an asymptotic cyclic behavior (limit cycle like behavior), it would result in a lower bound in the required bandwidth. In this paper, the necessary conditions for the formation of such a cycle are investigated. It is demonstrated analytically as well as through empirical simulations that the main requirement for the occurrence of asymptotic dynamic cycles is a diffeomorphism between a scalar control input and a unique equilibrium point to which the system will converge to for a constant control input.
基于记忆的事件触发(MBET)是一种降低控制系统有效采样率的实用方法。在MBET中,对周期性采样的状态变量和控制输入进行编码,使得只有当它们的变化值超过预定的阈值时才进行数据传输。这导致网络控制系统(NCS)的网络流量显著减少。如果MBET编码导致渐近循环行为(类似极限环的行为),则会导致所需带宽的下界。本文研究了这种循环形成的必要条件。通过解析和经验模拟证明,渐近动态循环发生的主要条件是标量控制输入与系统将收敛到恒定控制输入的唯一平衡点之间的微分同构。
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引用次数: 2
Smart solar tracking and on-site photovoltic efficiency measurement system 智能太阳能跟踪和现场光伏效率测量系统
Pub Date : 2016-04-05 DOI: 10.1109/MERCON.2016.7480115
B. Basnayake, W. Jayathilaka, Y. Amarasinghe, R. Attalage, A. Jayasekara
On-site photovoltaic efficiency data is a valuable asset during a process of predicting photovoltaic potential. Not just the solar power output, but also the ambient conditions and panel temperature should be measured for a better and convinced results. Due to the unavailability of on-site data, erroneous conclusions have been made after various prediction methods. Smart solar tracking and on-site photovoltaic measurement system is proposed as a novel tool to be used in solar potential predictions which can measure and log on-site solar data. This device is capable of measuring and logging available solar power together with ambient measurements such as light intensity level, ambient temperature and humidity level and panel temperature. Measured data will then be stored in an internal memory card and will be available at any moment. Integrated wireless communication module will enable remote log-in and control of the device. Computer based Graphical User Interface (GUI) software application enables the remote access to the gathered data and optimization of its operation.
在预测光伏潜力的过程中,现场光伏效率数据是一项宝贵的资产。为了得到更好的、令人信服的结果,不仅要测量太阳能输出,还要测量环境条件和面板温度。由于无法获得现场数据,各种预测方法得出的结论都是错误的。提出了智能太阳能跟踪和现场光伏测量系统,该系统可以测量和记录现场太阳能数据,是一种用于太阳能潜力预测的新工具。该设备能够测量和记录可用的太阳能以及环境测量,如光强度水平、环境温度和湿度水平以及面板温度。测量的数据将存储在内部存储卡中,随时可用。集成的无线通信模块将实现设备的远程登录和控制。基于计算机的图形用户界面(GUI)软件应用程序可以远程访问所收集的数据并优化其操作。
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引用次数: 11
A novel MEMS motor based on thermal actuation 基于热致动的新型MEMS电机
Pub Date : 2016-04-05 DOI: 10.1109/MERCON.2016.7480114
A. T. A. D. De Silva, D. D. De Silva, K. D. C. J. Perera, A. M. B. Priyashantha, L. L. Ruwan Sampath, P. Darshan, W. Jayathilaka, Y. Amarasinghe
It is essential for the Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) research industry to introduce novel concepts of micro motors to overcome problems in existing micro motors. This paper propose a novel concept of a micro motor using kink actuators and reciprocating rack and pinion assembly. Design details of the reciprocating rack and pinion is discussed in the paper. A detailed analysis of structural, transient, thermal, electrical properties was performed using the COMSOL software is also discussed. Finally a fabrication method is purposed using electron beam lithography and ultraviolet lithography.
引入新颖的微电机概念来克服现有微电机存在的问题,是微电机系统(MEMS)研究行业的必要条件。本文提出了一种利用扭结作动器和往复齿轮齿条总成的微电机的新概念。讨论了往复齿轮齿条的设计细节。利用COMSOL软件对其结构、瞬态、热学和电学性能进行了详细分析。最后提出了一种电子束光刻和紫外光刻相结合的制作方法。
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引用次数: 2
Wireless power transmission for multiple devices 多设备无线电力传输
Pub Date : 2016-04-05 DOI: 10.1109/MERCON.2016.7480147
S. Bolonne, A. K. K. Chanaka, G. C. Jayawardhana, I. Lionel, D. P. Chandima
Wireless power transmission concept has being revolutionary emerging against the conventional charging methods of consumer electronics. In this paper, we present the concept of wireless power transmission for multiple devices. Simultaneous wireless power transmission via resonant inductive coupling is experimentally demonstrated for a system with single transmitter and two receivers. Resonance between source and load is achieved with lumped capacitors connecting the coils. The circuit design is developed to describe a system with a single receiver, and extended to describe the system with two receivers.
无线电力传输概念是对传统的消费电子产品充电方式的革命性的挑战。在本文中,我们提出了多设备无线电力传输的概念。在单发射机双接收机系统中,通过共振感应耦合实现了无线电力的同步传输。源和负载之间的谐振是通过连接线圈的集总电容器实现的。该电路设计用于描述单接收机系统,并扩展到描述双接收机系统。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
2016 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)
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