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The role of physical therapy in the treatment of post-traumatic contracture of the elbow in children 物理治疗在治疗儿童外伤性肘关节挛缩中的作用
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/MPNS1702058B
Post-traumatic joint contractures are the most common complication of the locomotor apparatus injuries. A 50% reduction of elbow range of motion can decrease the upper extremity function by nearly 80% [1]. Elbow fractures account for 7–9% of all fractures in children, while supracondylar humeral fractures are the most common fractures in the elbow joint region. Most of these fractures are seen in children between 5 and 8 years of age [1, 2].
创伤后关节挛缩是运动器官损伤最常见的并发症。肘关节活动范围缩小50%可使上肢功能降低近80%[1]。肘关节骨折占儿童骨折的7-9%,而肱骨髁上骨折是肘关节区最常见的骨折。这些骨折大多发生在5 - 8岁的儿童中[1,2]。
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引用次数: 2
Risk assessment of drinking water from public wells 公共水井饮用水的风险评估
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/MPNS1710297B
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引用次数: 0
Significance and role of homeostatic model assessment in the evaluation of glucose regulation mechanisms 稳态模型评估在葡萄糖调节机制评价中的意义和作用
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/MPNS1706155N
Introduction. Mathematical formulas, such as homeostatic model assessment indexes, proved to be useful for the estimation of insulin resistance. Nevertheless, numerous published results point to a considerable variability of their reference values. The aim of this study was to use homeostatic model assessment indexes and evaluate levels of insulin resistance in nondiabetic patients. Material and Methods. The study included 486 individuals (mean age 36.84 ± 12.86; 17% of males and 83% of females). Blood sampling was performed in order to determine glucose and insulin plasma levels, at the 0th and 120th minute of the oral glucose tolerance test. The indexes were calculated by the use of homeostatic model assessment 2 calculator, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, homeostatic model assessment of insulin sensitivity, and homeostatic model assessment of β-cells function. The results were statistically analyzed using a Data Analysis programme. Results. In the examined population, the average glycemic values of the oral glucose tolerance test were within the euglycemic scope (Gluc 0 = 4.76 ± 0.45 mmol/L; Gluc 120 = 5.24 ± 1.17 mmol/L), while the average values of calculated homeostatic model assessment indexes were: insulin resistance 1.41 ± 0.82; β-cells function 131.54 ± 49.41%, and insulin sensitivity 91.94 ± 47.32%. According to study cut-off values, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance was less than 2. We found 84 (17.28%) individuals with increased insulin resistance. Also, we set the lowest reference value for homeostatic model assessment of insulin sensitivity at less than 50%. With the probability of 66.67% (x̄ ± 1SD), basal insulin level under 11.9 mIU/L can be considered to correspond to physiologic level of insulin resistance. Conclusion. The follow-up of increased insulin resistance and altered secretion of pancreatic β-cells, at early stages of glucose regulation disturbances, may be useful in assessing dynamics and level of glucose regulation disturbances and their appropriate treatment.
介绍。数学公式,如稳态模型评估指标,被证明是有用的估计胰岛素抵抗。然而,许多已发表的结果表明,它们的参考值存在相当大的可变性。本研究旨在利用稳态模型评价指标评价非糖尿病患者的胰岛素抵抗水平。材料和方法。研究纳入486例个体(平均年龄36.84±12.86;17%的男性和83%的女性)。在口服葡萄糖耐量试验第0分钟和第120分钟采血,测定血糖和胰岛素的血浆水平。采用稳态模型评估2计算器、稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗、稳态模型评估胰岛素敏感性、稳态模型评估β细胞功能计算指标。使用数据分析程序对结果进行统计分析。结果。在检查人群中,口服糖耐量试验的平均血糖值在正常血糖范围内(葡萄糖0 = 4.76±0.45 mmol/L;葡萄糖120 = 5.24±1.17 mmol/L),计算的稳态模型评价指标平均值为:胰岛素抵抗1.41±0.82;β-细胞功能131.54±49.41%,胰岛素敏感性91.94±47.32%。根据研究截断值,稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗小于2。我们发现84例(17.28%)个体胰岛素抵抗增加。此外,我们将胰岛素敏感性稳态模型评估的最低参考值设定为低于50%。基础胰岛素水平在11.9 mIU/L以下的概率为66.67% (x±1SD),可认为与胰岛素抵抗的生理水平相对应。结论。在葡萄糖调节紊乱的早期阶段,对胰岛素抵抗增加和胰腺β细胞分泌改变的随访可能有助于评估葡萄糖调节紊乱的动态和水平及其适当的治疗。
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引用次数: 1
Spontaneous cerebellar activity and its role in neurotoxicity 自发性小脑活动及其在神经毒性中的作用
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/mpns1710283m
SummaryIntroduction. In performed experiments, the parietal electrocortical activity of the cerebral cortex and the activity of the cerebellar cortex were simultaneously recorded. The main pur pose was to compare their spontaneous activity, as the recording was conducted during anesthesia. Material and Methods. We used 2–3 months old rats weighing 200 – 350 g. Two groups of rats with same characteristics were made. The first group of 15 rats (control group) was recorded under anesthesia and there was a change in spectral power in accordance with frequency ranges. The second group of 30 rats was recorded under the same ex perimental conditions, but the rats were treated intraperitoneally by aluminium chloride hexahydrate solution or with 1.5% solution of aluminium chloride hexahydrate per os. Discussion. Changes in spontaneous activity of the cerebellum during aluminium in toxication were compared with control values. It was shown that lesion and neurotoxicity during stable anesthesia led to desyn chronization of the cerebellar activity. This is described by the change in fractal dimension of cerebellar electrocortical activity. The assumption is that the inhibition caused by anesthetic is com pensated during aluminium intoxication. Conclusion . The cerebellum plays a role in compensation through changes in spon taneous activity. This response involves an increase in the value of fractal dimension of cerebellar electrocortical activity which is reduced in neurotoxicity.
SummaryIntroduction。在实验中,同时记录了大脑皮层的顶叶皮层电活动和小脑皮层的活动。主要目的是比较他们的自发活动,因为记录是在麻醉期间进行的。材料和方法。选用2-3月龄大鼠,体重200 - 350克。取两组具有相同特征的大鼠。第一组15只大鼠(对照组)在麻醉状态下记录频谱功率随频率范围的变化。第二组30只大鼠,在相同的实验条件下,腹腔注射六水氯化铝溶液或1.5%六水氯化铝溶液。讨论。将铝中毒期间小脑自发活动的变化与对照值进行比较。结果表明,稳定麻醉期间的病变和神经毒性导致小脑活动的非同步化。这是通过小脑皮层电活动分形维数的变化来描述的。假设是由麻醉剂引起的抑制作用在铝中毒期间得到补偿。结论。小脑通过自发活动的变化在代偿中起作用。这种反应涉及小脑皮层电活动分形维数的增加,而神经毒性则降低。
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引用次数: 0
Knowledge, attitudes and practices among the youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina relevant for reproductive health 波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那青年与生殖健康有关的知识、态度和做法
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/MPNS1710289H
Introduction. The aim of this study was to investigate the sexual behavior, attitudes and knowledge on contraception, sexually transmitted infections and reproductive health among the youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Material and Methods. A prospective study included a sample of 6.000 subjects, aged 19 - 24, of both sexes, investigating the sexual behavior of the youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the period 2007 - 2009. Results. Of the interviewed examinees, 61% were sexually active, of which 56.4% had sexual intercourse with one partner (z = 28.51; p < 0.001). The average age of sexarche was significantly lower in males 17.34 ± 1.77 years, than in females 18.20 ± 1.84 years (z = -14.44; p < 0.001). Contraception was used by 67.6% at first intercourse, and by 70.4% at the last intercourse. The most common method of contraception was male condom (74%), coitus interruptus (11.1%), and oral hormonal contraceptives (14.9%). The examined subjects had inadequate knowledge (51.6%) about contraceptive methods, and it was significantly higher in males (64.6%) than in females (42.2%) (z = 10.17; p < 0.001). Some 4.9% of the sexually active females had intentional abortions. Up to 51.7% of females had never had a pelvic examination, and Pap test was done by 37.2%. The examinees obtained information about contraception and sexually transmitted infections from peers 50.7% and parents 9.7%. Only 28% of females had a positive attitude towards oral hormonal contraceptives. Conclusion. The interviewed young people in Bosnia and Herzegovina keep traditional sexual behavior patterns, attitudes and practices. However, more effort should be put into the improvement of knowledge on contraception, sexually transmitted infections, and healthcare protection.
介绍。这项研究的目的是调查波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那青年在避孕、性传播感染和生殖健康方面的性行为、态度和知识。材料和方法。一项前瞻性研究包括6000名受试者,年龄在19 - 24岁,男女不限,调查2007 - 2009年期间波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那青年的性行为。结果。受访的考生中,61%的人性活跃,其中56.4%的人与一名伴侣发生过性行为(z = 28.51;P < 0.001)。男性的平均性别年龄(17.34±1.77)明显低于女性(18.20±1.84)(z = -14.44;P < 0.001)。67.6%的妇女在第一次性交时采取避孕措施,70.4%的妇女在最后一次性交时采取避孕措施。最常见的避孕方法是男用避孕套(74%)、性交中断(11.1%)和口服激素避孕药(14.9%)。调查对象避孕知识不足(51.6%),男性(64.6%)明显高于女性(42.2%)(z = 10.17;P < 0.001)。约4.9%的性活跃女性故意堕胎。高达51.7%的女性从未做过盆腔检查,37.2%的女性做过巴氏试验。对避孕和性传播感染的了解分别来自同龄人和家长,分别为50.7%和9.7%。只有28%的女性对口服激素避孕药持积极态度。结论。波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那接受采访的年轻人保持着传统的性行为模式、态度和做法。但是,应该更加努力地提高避孕、性传播感染和保健保护方面的知识。
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引用次数: 4
In situ analysis of mitochondrial respiratory capacity - foundation for cellular physiology 线粒体呼吸能力的原位分析——细胞生理学的基础
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/MPNS1712445G
By their morphological appearance mitochondria are perhaps the most intriguing cell organelles. Practically, a mitochondrion is a balloon inside the balloon where inner and outer membranes create two Summary Mitochondria are ubiquitous organelles of eukaryotic cells and they are the mayor site of generating energy in the form of adenosine triphoshate through the process of oxidative phosphorylation. Analysis and estimation of mitochondrial function is of outmost importance when it comes to studying intracellular energy metabolism, mechanisms of apoptosis, signaling pathways, calcium storage and the pathophysiology of a large spectrum of human diseases including various neurodegenerative diseases, myopathies, metabolic syndromes and cancer. Respiratory capacity analysis covers one of the many roles that mitochondria play in living cells and it provides us with useful data about functional integrity of mitochondria. Assessment of individual respiratory chain complexes or other mitochondrial enzymes has been widely used to estimate mitochondrial function and dysfunction but it neglects the influence of complex structural and functional interplay of mitochondrial proteins and enzymes and plasmic compounds. Another method that emphasises the importance of studying intact mitochondria is in vitro technique, and although it has many advantages, in some aspects it is far from being representative when it comes to functional assessment of mitochondria. From the perspective of energy production and consumption, the cardiac muscle is a highly demanding tissue and it is the well functioning of mitochondria that is conditio sine qua non for this nature to be fulfilled. In cooperation with the University of Split School of Medicine in Split and under the mentorship of Prof. Marko Ljubkovic, the Department of Physiology of the Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad works on introducing in situ approaches in the analysis of respiratory mitochondrial function in skinned muscle fibers of human cardiac tissue.
从它们的形态来看,线粒体可能是最有趣的细胞器。线粒体是真核细胞中普遍存在的细胞器,是通过氧化磷酸化过程以三磷酸腺苷形式产生能量的主要部位。在研究细胞内能量代谢、细胞凋亡机制、信号通路、钙储存以及包括各种神经退行性疾病、肌病、代谢综合征和癌症在内的大量人类疾病的病理生理学时,线粒体功能的分析和估计是至关重要的。呼吸能力分析涵盖了线粒体在活细胞中发挥的众多作用之一,它为我们提供了有关线粒体功能完整性的有用数据。评估单个呼吸链复合物或其他线粒体酶已被广泛用于评估线粒体功能和功能障碍,但它忽略了线粒体蛋白质和酶以及质化合物复杂结构和功能相互作用的影响。另一种强调研究完整线粒体重要性的方法是体外技术,尽管体外技术有许多优点,但在线粒体的功能评估方面,体外技术在某些方面远不具有代表性。从能量产生和消耗的角度来看,心肌是一个高要求的组织,线粒体的良好功能是实现这一性质的必要条件。诺维萨德医学院生理学系与斯普利特大学医学院合作,并在Marko Ljubkovic教授的指导下,致力于引入原位方法来分析人类心脏组织皮肤肌肉纤维中的呼吸线粒体功能。
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引用次数: 0
The role of oxidative stress markers in pregnancy induced hypertension 氧化应激标志物在妊娠高血压中的作用
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/mpns1702033d
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引用次数: 1
Syncope due to sinus node dysfunction after surgical patch closure of atrial septal defect: A case report 房间隔缺损修补术后窦房结功能障碍致晕厥1例
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/mpns1706167d
Syncope is a sudden and brief loss of consciousness followed by spontaneous recovery. Syncope develops because of temporary reduction in blood flow to the brain with consecutive cerebral oxygen deprivation. Therefore, syncope is defined as a transient, self-limited loss of consciousness with an inability to maintain postural tone that is followed by spontaneous recovery. Various causes are well described in the literature and include cardiac, vascular, neurological, metabolic and miscellaneous origins [1]. Sometimes it is difficult to determine the real cause of syncope, so numerous analyses need to be performed. Sick sinus syndrome (SSS) refers to a combination of symptoms such as dizziness, confusion etc. (symptoms and signs of end-organ hypoperfusion) caused by sinus node dysfunction (SND). SND is a frequent cause of syncope, and in this case it was a result of cerebral hypoperfusion. We report here the case of a patient with history of syncope and dizziness. Three years before admission the patient underwent surgical repair of atrial septal defect (ASD) by pericardial patch closure of ASD. Recurrent syncope was a result of SSS and this syndrome rarely occurs after surgical patch closure of ASD.
晕厥是一种突然而短暂的意识丧失,随后自发恢复。晕厥的发生是由于持续的大脑缺氧导致流向大脑的血流量暂时减少。因此,晕厥被定义为一种短暂的、自我限制的意识丧失,无法维持体位张力,随后自发恢复。各种原因在文献中都有很好的描述,包括心脏、血管、神经、代谢和其他原因[1]。有时很难确定晕厥的真正原因,因此需要进行大量的分析。病态窦房结综合征(SSS)是指由窦房结功能障碍(SND)引起的头晕、神志不清等症状(终末器官灌注不足的症状和体征)的组合。SND是晕厥的常见原因,在本例中是脑灌注不足的结果。我们在此报告一个有晕厥和头晕病史的病人。入院前3年,患者采用心包补片封闭房间隔缺损(ASD)手术修复。复发性晕厥是SSS的结果,这种综合征很少发生在ASD手术补片闭合后。
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引用次数: 1
The quality of voice and speech before and after surgical treatment of bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis 双侧喉返神经麻痹手术治疗前后的语音及言语质量
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/MPNS1706146B
nerve paralysis. Material and Methods. The study included 16 patients with bilateral vocal cord paralysis and 16 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The patients underwent partial arytenoid ectomy with posterior cordectomy at the Clinical Center of Vojvo-dina in the period from January to April 2014. The quality of voice and speech was determined before and after surgical treatment by subjective, objective, aerodynamic voice analysis, and analysis of spontaneous speech, and then compared to the control group. Results. The results of this study showed that in patients with bilateral vocal cord paralysis the voice and speech quality was significantly worse compared to the healthy subjects. The results of subjective and aerodynamic analysis showed that there was a statistically significant deterioration in voice quality after the surgical treatment (p<0.05; p=0.001). The values of objective analysis and analysis of spontaneous speech parameters did not significantly change after the surgery (p>0.05; p=0.401). Conclusion. The patients with bilat eral vocal cord paralysis have a poorer voice and speech quality compared to the healthy subjects. After the surgical treatment, pa tients presented with a lower voice quality, but there were no sig nificant changes regarding the ability of spontaneous speech.
神经麻痹。材料和方法。该研究包括16名双侧声带麻痹患者和16名年龄和性别匹配的健康对照。患者于2014年1 - 4月在伏伊伏丁那省临床中心行部分杓骨切除术及后核切除术。通过主观、客观、气动语音分析、自发语音分析等方法确定手术前后的语音、言语质量,并与对照组进行比较。结果。本研究结果表明,双侧声带麻痹患者的语音和言语质量明显差于健康人。主观分析和气动分析结果显示,手术治疗后语音质量下降有统计学意义(p0.05;p = 0.401)。结论。双侧声带麻痹患者的语音和言语质量较正常人差。手术治疗后,患者语音质量下降,但自发言语能力无明显变化。
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引用次数: 0
Stem cell transplant: From cell harvesting to cryopreservation 干细胞移植:从细胞采集到冷冻保存
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/MPNS17S1041B
{"title":"Stem cell transplant: From cell harvesting to cryopreservation","authors":"B. Balint, M. Todorović, I. Urosevic, M. Pavlovic","doi":"10.2298/MPNS17S1041B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/MPNS17S1041B","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18511,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski pregled","volume":"97 1","pages":"41-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81664519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Medicinski pregled
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