Introduction. Somatization is one of the most prevalent current health issues affecting the well-being and quality of life in the general population. Many psychological constructs influence somatization and its outcomes. It was our aim to assess the features and prevalence of somatization in general population of Serbia by using the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 instrument, as well as to determine its relations with personality traits, factors of psychological distress and well-being. Material and Methods. Two studies were performed: Study 1 (N = 714) aimed to determine the relations between the Big Five personality traits, alexithymia and somatization, and Study 2 (N = 807) investigated the relationship between factors of psychological distress such as depression, anxiety and stress, factors of well-being such as life satisfaction and subjective vitality with somatization. Results. In Study 1, Neuroticism and Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 Factor 1, difficulty identifying feelings, strongly correlated with somatization, and the measured constructs explained 33.4% of somatization variance. In Study 2, anxiety and stress had the strongest correlation indices from the measured constructs and Study 2 regression model explained 44.7% of the variance. The most prevalent symptoms measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 were tiredness, back pain and headaches. Conclusion. Somatization levels were slightly higher than those previously reported in general population. However, they were still well under those reported in the clinical populations. Symptom prevalence was compatible with previous findings in the general population, whereas Neuroticism and anxiety were most closely associated with somatization. Further research is needed to define other factors that contribute to the development of somatization.
{"title":"Initial investigation of somatization in the general population of Serbia: Prevalence, manifestations and predictors","authors":"N. Rokvić","doi":"10.2298/MPNS1812360R","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/MPNS1812360R","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Somatization is one of the most prevalent current health issues affecting the well-being and quality of life in the general population. Many psychological constructs influence somatization and its outcomes. It was our aim to assess the features and prevalence of somatization in general population of Serbia by using the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 instrument, as well as to determine its relations with personality traits, factors of psychological distress and well-being. Material and Methods. Two studies were performed: Study 1 (N = 714) aimed to determine the relations between the Big Five personality traits, alexithymia and somatization, and Study 2 (N = 807) investigated the relationship between factors of psychological distress such as depression, anxiety and stress, factors of well-being such as life satisfaction and subjective vitality with somatization. Results. In Study 1, Neuroticism and Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 Factor 1, difficulty identifying feelings, strongly correlated with somatization, and the measured constructs explained 33.4% of somatization variance. In Study 2, anxiety and stress had the strongest correlation indices from the measured constructs and Study 2 regression model explained 44.7% of the variance. The most prevalent symptoms measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 were tiredness, back pain and headaches. Conclusion. Somatization levels were slightly higher than those previously reported in general population. However, they were still well under those reported in the clinical populations. Symptom prevalence was compatible with previous findings in the general population, whereas Neuroticism and anxiety were most closely associated with somatization. Further research is needed to define other factors that contribute to the development of somatization.","PeriodicalId":18511,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski pregled","volume":"108 1","pages":"360-367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79388099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. Hemodialysis patients often have chronic volume overload, hypervolemia, which may cause severe complications. In some patients hypervolemia is masked, without any signs and symptoms, such as hypertension, edema and bibasilar crackles on lung auscultation. Lung ultrasound can be used to detect these patients. Pre- and post-dialysis lung ultrasound can be used to quantify lung congestion using the B line score. High post-dialysis B line score can identify patients with residual hypervolemia and adequate measures can be taken (increasing ultrafiltration, extended duration of hemodialysis, additional dialysis sessions). Case Reports. The first patient was a 57-year-old male. The hemodialysis vintage was 4 years. His interdialytic weight gain was 2.8 kg. The lung ultrasound was performed before and after dialysis and B line score was calculated. The pre-dialysis score was 15 and post-dialysis score was 2. The second patient was a 72-year-old male. The hemodialysis started 5 years before. This patient was noncompliant with the medical advice of his physician regarding diet and medications. His interdialytic weight gain was 5.6 kg. His pre-dialysis score was 26 and post-dialysis score was 15. Both patients were without signs and symptoms of hypervolemia after dialysis. Nevertheless, the second patient was 1.6 kg over his dry weight after dialysis. An additional dialysis session was scheduled, after which his post-dialysis B line score fell to 5. Conclusion. Lung ultrasound can be used to assess volume status in dialysis patients. It can identify hypervolemia in asymptomatic patients and allow necessary corrections.
{"title":"Lung ultrasound in the assessment of hypervolemia in hemodialysis patients: Two case reports","authors":"V. Veselinov, I. Ivanov, J. Dejanović, D. Čelić","doi":"10.2298/MPNS1806187V","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/MPNS1806187V","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Hemodialysis patients often have chronic volume overload, hypervolemia, which may cause severe complications. In some patients hypervolemia is masked, without any signs and symptoms, such as hypertension, edema and bibasilar crackles on lung auscultation. Lung ultrasound can be used to detect these patients. Pre- and post-dialysis lung ultrasound can be used to quantify lung congestion using the B line score. High post-dialysis B line score can identify patients with residual hypervolemia and adequate measures can be taken (increasing ultrafiltration, extended duration of hemodialysis, additional dialysis sessions). Case Reports. The first patient was a 57-year-old male. The hemodialysis vintage was 4 years. His interdialytic weight gain was 2.8 kg. The lung ultrasound was performed before and after dialysis and B line score was calculated. The pre-dialysis score was 15 and post-dialysis score was 2. The second patient was a 72-year-old male. The hemodialysis started 5 years before. This patient was noncompliant with the medical advice of his physician regarding diet and medications. His interdialytic weight gain was 5.6 kg. His pre-dialysis score was 26 and post-dialysis score was 15. Both patients were without signs and symptoms of hypervolemia after dialysis. Nevertheless, the second patient was 1.6 kg over his dry weight after dialysis. An additional dialysis session was scheduled, after which his post-dialysis B line score fell to 5. Conclusion. Lung ultrasound can be used to assess volume status in dialysis patients. It can identify hypervolemia in asymptomatic patients and allow necessary corrections.","PeriodicalId":18511,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski pregled","volume":"391 1","pages":"187-190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84885758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Pejčić, V. Vasic, V. Dimitrijevic, Milomir Tufegdžić, T. Vejnović, J. Hadzi-Djokic
Introduction. Rupture of the urinary collecting system, associated with perirenal or retroperitoneal extravasation of the urine, is a rare condition usually associated with the obstruction of the urinary system. A urinoma is a localized collection of urine in the retroperitoneum, outside the urinary tract, and occurs after injury to the wall of the urinary system. Ureteral obstruction caused by a bladder tumor is a rare cause of urinoma. Case Report. We report a case of a 62-year-old patient who was admitted to the Clinic of Urology of the Clinical Center of Serbia, due to an invasive bladder cancer. A computerized tomography scan of the abdomen and pelvis revealed a massive bladder tumor dominant on the left side, invading the vagina, uterus and significantly obstructing both kidneys. Intraoperatively, a mass of 18 cm in diameter was identified in the right retroperitoneal space and it was dissected from the peritoneum. Two liters of clear fluid were aspirated from the mass, and the walls of urinoma were resected. The site of perforation was not identified. The patient underwent anterior pelvic exenteration. The pathohistological analysis revealed a high grade transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. The treatment is individual and involves surgical and interventional radiology treatment. Conclusion. A spontaneous retroperitoneal urinoma is a very rare condition. In this case report it appeared most likely due to right ureteral obstruction and perforation. The growth of urinoma was slow, due to the absence of acute symptoms and the thickness of the urinoma wall.
{"title":"Spontaneous urinoma diagnosed before radical cystectomy: A case report","authors":"T. Pejčić, V. Vasic, V. Dimitrijevic, Milomir Tufegdžić, T. Vejnović, J. Hadzi-Djokic","doi":"10.2298/MPNS1808257P","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/MPNS1808257P","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Rupture of the urinary collecting system, associated with perirenal or retroperitoneal extravasation of the urine, is a rare condition usually associated with the obstruction of the urinary system. A urinoma is a localized collection of urine in the retroperitoneum, outside the urinary tract, and occurs after injury to the wall of the urinary system. Ureteral obstruction caused by a bladder tumor is a rare cause of urinoma. Case Report. We report a case of a 62-year-old patient who was admitted to the Clinic of Urology of the Clinical Center of Serbia, due to an invasive bladder cancer. A computerized tomography scan of the abdomen and pelvis revealed a massive bladder tumor dominant on the left side, invading the vagina, uterus and significantly obstructing both kidneys. Intraoperatively, a mass of 18 cm in diameter was identified in the right retroperitoneal space and it was dissected from the peritoneum. Two liters of clear fluid were aspirated from the mass, and the walls of urinoma were resected. The site of perforation was not identified. The patient underwent anterior pelvic exenteration. The pathohistological analysis revealed a high grade transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. The treatment is individual and involves surgical and interventional radiology treatment. Conclusion. A spontaneous retroperitoneal urinoma is a very rare condition. In this case report it appeared most likely due to right ureteral obstruction and perforation. The growth of urinoma was slow, due to the absence of acute symptoms and the thickness of the urinoma wall.","PeriodicalId":18511,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski pregled","volume":"110 1","pages":"257-260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77095778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. The number of people over 65 is increasing in the world, and falls are rather common among them. The objective of this research was to examine the impact of depression, dementia, the number of chronic diseases and the number of used medications in the risk of falls in the elderly. Material and Methods. We carried out a prospective study during the period from March 20 to May 20, 2016. The patients were interviewed, and data were also obtained from medical records. The data collection included a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Tinetti Gait and Balance Instrument, Beck Depression Inventory and the Folstein Mini-Mental State test to assess cognitive functions. Results. The study included 208 patients older than 65 years, 81 men, 127 women. The Tinetti Gait and Balance tool revealed that onethird (63) of patients were at a high risk of falls, 35 patients at a moderate risk, and 110 patients presented with a low risk of falls. The results of our study showed a statistically significant association between dementia (p = 0.000) and depression (p = 0.000) as the risks of falling. Patients with some chronic diseases and patients continuously taking various drugs were also at higher risk of falls. Conclusion. Timely detection and treatment of depression and dementia may contribute to reducing the risk of falls in the elderly. Patients' medication lists should be reviewed to decrease the number of medications or modify the dose. Family physicians play a major role in preventing falls in the elderly.
{"title":"Effects of depression and dementia on the risk of falls in the elderly treated at the health center Banja Luka","authors":"Kosana Stanetić, Vesna Kević, M. Stanetić","doi":"10.2298/MPNS1812368S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/MPNS1812368S","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The number of people over 65 is increasing in the world, and falls are rather common among them. The objective of this research was to examine the impact of depression, dementia, the number of chronic diseases and the number of used medications in the risk of falls in the elderly. Material and Methods. We carried out a prospective study during the period from March 20 to May 20, 2016. The patients were interviewed, and data were also obtained from medical records. The data collection included a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Tinetti Gait and Balance Instrument, Beck Depression Inventory and the Folstein Mini-Mental State test to assess cognitive functions. Results. The study included 208 patients older than 65 years, 81 men, 127 women. The Tinetti Gait and Balance tool revealed that onethird (63) of patients were at a high risk of falls, 35 patients at a moderate risk, and 110 patients presented with a low risk of falls. The results of our study showed a statistically significant association between dementia (p = 0.000) and depression (p = 0.000) as the risks of falling. Patients with some chronic diseases and patients continuously taking various drugs were also at higher risk of falls. Conclusion. Timely detection and treatment of depression and dementia may contribute to reducing the risk of falls in the elderly. Patients' medication lists should be reviewed to decrease the number of medications or modify the dose. Family physicians play a major role in preventing falls in the elderly.","PeriodicalId":18511,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski pregled","volume":"44 1","pages":"368-376"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80956523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Savic, D. Damjanov, Vladimir Vračarić, Dijana Kosijer, D. Damjanov, Tihomir Orlić
Introduction. The occurrence of peptic ulcer in patients with liver cirrhosis is intriguing due to its frequency and complexity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the incidence of peptic ulcer in patients with liver cirrhosis. Results. It was found that in these patients the usual aggressive factors of the gastric environment do not play a major role in ulcerogenesis; however, researches noticed the importance of reduced mucosal defense which, in portal hypertension, has the features of hypertensive portal gastropathy. The presence of Helicobacter pylori infection in these patients is lower, compared to other patients with peptic ulcer. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection decreases with the severity of liver cirrhosis. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs play an important role in peptic ulcer bleeding in cirrhotic patients, but the data are limited and contradictory. Peptic ulcer bleeding is the most frequent etiology of nonvariceal bleeding and it is associated with a great number of complications. Conclusion. Helicobacter pylori infection cannot be considered the key risk factor for the development of peptic ulcer in patients with liver cirrhosis. The role of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is accepted, although the data are controversial. The treatment of peptic ulcer in cirrhotic patients is identical to the treatment of peptic ulcer in patients without liver cirrhosis, except in cases of bleeding ulcers. There are specific therapeutic protocols for peptic ulcer bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis.
{"title":"Various aspects of peptic ulcer in patients with liver cirrhosis","authors":"Z. Savic, D. Damjanov, Vladimir Vračarić, Dijana Kosijer, D. Damjanov, Tihomir Orlić","doi":"10.2298/MPNS1802027S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/MPNS1802027S","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The occurrence of peptic ulcer in patients with liver cirrhosis is intriguing due to its frequency and complexity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the incidence of peptic ulcer in patients with liver cirrhosis. Results. It was found that in these patients the usual aggressive factors of the gastric environment do not play a major role in ulcerogenesis; however, researches noticed the importance of reduced mucosal defense which, in portal hypertension, has the features of hypertensive portal gastropathy. The presence of Helicobacter pylori infection in these patients is lower, compared to other patients with peptic ulcer. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection decreases with the severity of liver cirrhosis. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs play an important role in peptic ulcer bleeding in cirrhotic patients, but the data are limited and contradictory. Peptic ulcer bleeding is the most frequent etiology of nonvariceal bleeding and it is associated with a great number of complications. Conclusion. Helicobacter pylori infection cannot be considered the key risk factor for the development of peptic ulcer in patients with liver cirrhosis. The role of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is accepted, although the data are controversial. The treatment of peptic ulcer in cirrhotic patients is identical to the treatment of peptic ulcer in patients without liver cirrhosis, except in cases of bleeding ulcers. There are specific therapeutic protocols for peptic ulcer bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis.","PeriodicalId":18511,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski pregled","volume":"32 1","pages":"27-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83171484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Rakovac, L. Andric, V. Karan, M. Bogdan, D. Slavić, A. Klasnja
Introduction. There is a great interest to identify factors that influence the value of maximum oxygen consumption. The goal of this research was to assess the body composition, pulmonary parameters, and maximum oxygen consumption in different types of sports and in non-athletes. Material and Methods. The research included 149 male participants: aerobic athletes (n = 55), anaerobic athletes (n = 53) and non-athletes (n = 41). The participants were tested at the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Novi Sad. Anthropometric parameters and body mass index were measured. Also, the body fat mass was determined by bioelectrical impedance. pulmonary parameters by spirometry and maximum oxygen consumption on a bicycle ergometer. Results. The body mass index values in non-athletes were the highest and significantly different compared to the aerobic athletes (p = 0.01). Also, nonathletes had significantly higher values of body fat mass compared to athletes (p 0.05). However. the values of maximum oxygen consumption were significantly different between all three tested groups (aerobic athletes 53.75 ± 7.82 ml/kg/min; anaerobic athletes 48.04 ± 6.79 ml/kg/min; non-athletes 41.95 ± 8.53 ml/kg/min) (p < 0.001). A low degree of correlation was found between maximum oxygen consumption and pulmonary parameters in the tested groups. Conclusion. Body composition has an impact on the pulmonary parameters. The values of maximum oxygen consumption depend on the type of sport and training. and the highest values are in aerobic sports. There is a low degree of correlation between maximum oxygen consumption and pulmonary parameters in the tested groups.
{"title":"Evaluation of spirometric parameters and maximum oxygen consumption in athletes and non-athletes","authors":"A. Rakovac, L. Andric, V. Karan, M. Bogdan, D. Slavić, A. Klasnja","doi":"10.2298/MPNS1806157R","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/MPNS1806157R","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. There is a great interest to identify factors that influence the value of maximum oxygen consumption. The goal of this research was to assess the body composition, pulmonary parameters, and maximum oxygen consumption in different types of sports and in non-athletes. Material and Methods. The research included 149 male participants: aerobic athletes (n = 55), anaerobic athletes (n = 53) and non-athletes (n = 41). The participants were tested at the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Novi Sad. Anthropometric parameters and body mass index were measured. Also, the body fat mass was determined by bioelectrical impedance. pulmonary parameters by spirometry and maximum oxygen consumption on a bicycle ergometer. Results. The body mass index values in non-athletes were the highest and significantly different compared to the aerobic athletes (p = 0.01). Also, nonathletes had significantly higher values of body fat mass compared to athletes (p 0.05). However. the values of maximum oxygen consumption were significantly different between all three tested groups (aerobic athletes 53.75 ± 7.82 ml/kg/min; anaerobic athletes 48.04 ± 6.79 ml/kg/min; non-athletes 41.95 ± 8.53 ml/kg/min) (p < 0.001). A low degree of correlation was found between maximum oxygen consumption and pulmonary parameters in the tested groups. Conclusion. Body composition has an impact on the pulmonary parameters. The values of maximum oxygen consumption depend on the type of sport and training. and the highest values are in aerobic sports. There is a low degree of correlation between maximum oxygen consumption and pulmonary parameters in the tested groups.","PeriodicalId":18511,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski pregled","volume":"34 1","pages":"157-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90113602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sandra Trivunić-Dajko, J. Bogdanovic, S. Vojinov, B. Andrejić-Višnjić
Introduction. Through androgen receptors, androgens regulate prostate cellular growth and function, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism and secretory activity, as well as development and progression of prostate cancer. Prostate cancer, and its primary glandular tissue are influenced by hormones, and it is used for therapeutic purposes. Anti-androgen treatment is carried out in patients with metastatic prostatic cancer, in order to block effects of androgens. Immunohistochemical analysis of androgen receptors in the prostate cancer tissue may help us to assume how the tumors will react to the anti-androgen therapy, if they are androgen-positive, -negative, or hormone resistant tumors. Knowledge of the presence of androgen receptors in the tumor tissue may be a prognostic indicator in histopathological analysis. The aim of this study was stereological evaluation of androgen receptor expression in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and in patients with prostatic cancer, before therapy. Material and Methods. Immunohistochemical analysis was carried out using anti-human androgen receptor monoclonal antibody 441. The presence and intensity of the androgen receptors were evaluated in 195 patients: 165 with benign prostatic hyperplasia and 30 with prostatic cancer using Weibel's multi-purpose M 42 stereological test system. Material was obtained by needle biopsy or transurethral resection of the prostate. Results. All secretory cells in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were androgen positive, while in patients with prostatic cancer, all tumors were mostly androgen positive, some with foci of negativity. The resulting negative correlation with Gleason score and International Society of Urological Pathology grade was not statistically significant. Conclusion. Study results of stereological analysis of androgen receptors indicate that prior the therapy prostate cancer is androgen-dependent, with a high level of androgen receptor expression, although slightly lower compared to benign prostatic hyperplasia.
{"title":"Stereological analysis of androgen receptors in prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia","authors":"Sandra Trivunić-Dajko, J. Bogdanovic, S. Vojinov, B. Andrejić-Višnjić","doi":"10.2298/MPNS1804089T","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/MPNS1804089T","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Through androgen receptors, androgens regulate prostate cellular growth and function, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism and secretory activity, as well as development and progression of prostate cancer. Prostate cancer, and its primary glandular tissue are influenced by hormones, and it is used for therapeutic purposes. Anti-androgen treatment is carried out in patients with metastatic prostatic cancer, in order to block effects of androgens. Immunohistochemical analysis of androgen receptors in the prostate cancer tissue may help us to assume how the tumors will react to the anti-androgen therapy, if they are androgen-positive, -negative, or hormone resistant tumors. Knowledge of the presence of androgen receptors in the tumor tissue may be a prognostic indicator in histopathological analysis. The aim of this study was stereological evaluation of androgen receptor expression in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and in patients with prostatic cancer, before therapy. Material and Methods. Immunohistochemical analysis was carried out using anti-human androgen receptor monoclonal antibody 441. The presence and intensity of the androgen receptors were evaluated in 195 patients: 165 with benign prostatic hyperplasia and 30 with prostatic cancer using Weibel's multi-purpose M 42 stereological test system. Material was obtained by needle biopsy or transurethral resection of the prostate. Results. All secretory cells in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were androgen positive, while in patients with prostatic cancer, all tumors were mostly androgen positive, some with foci of negativity. The resulting negative correlation with Gleason score and International Society of Urological Pathology grade was not statistically significant. Conclusion. Study results of stereological analysis of androgen receptors indicate that prior the therapy prostate cancer is androgen-dependent, with a high level of androgen receptor expression, although slightly lower compared to benign prostatic hyperplasia.","PeriodicalId":18511,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski pregled","volume":"19 1","pages":"89-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82554662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The contemporary scientific communication occurs in a digital environment and in professional virtual communities the concept of science is gradually transforming into the concept of e-science [1]. All participants of the scientific communication have already accepted the existence of Digital Object Identifier (DOI) number, as a digital content identifier of some object on the internet which is connected with e.g. a book or a journal article, regardless of the fact that their place on the internet may be changed [2]. The DOI is assigned to a scientific paper via the Crossref service, in order to find, cite, link and access scientific articles more easily. Likewise, steps have been taken to establish the identifier of an author’s unique identity. Back in 2006, Scopus presented its identification scheme Scopus Author IDENTIFIER (ID), and in 2008, Web of Science (WoS) created its own service called ResearcherID, as a system of unique identification of authors [3, 4]. In October 2012, the service Open Researcher and Contributor ID (ORCID) was presented. The concept of this service has been introduced back in 2009, with the aim to include all of the previous schemes and create a central registry of unique identifiers of all participants in research, education, science, innovation, i.e. a registry of authors/contributors [5]. ORCID is supposed to provide a long-term international digital identity of researchers [6].
当代科学传播发生在数字环境中，在专业虚拟社区中，科学概念正逐步向e-science概念转变[1]。所有科学传播的参与者都已经接受了DOI(数字对象标识符)号的存在，作为互联网上与书籍或期刊文章相关的某些对象的数字内容标识符，而不管它们在互联网上的位置可能会发生变化[2]。通过交叉参考服务为科学论文分配DOI，以便更容易地查找、引用、链接和访问科学论文。同样，已采取步骤确定作者唯一身份的标识符。早在2006年，Scopus就提出了自己的标识方案Scopus Author IDENTIFIER (ID)， 2008年，Web of Science (WoS)创建了自己的服务ResearcherID，作为唯一标识作者的系统[3,4]。2012年10月，开放研究人员和贡献者ID (ORCID)服务发布。这项服务的概念早在2009年就被引入，其目的是包括所有以前的方案，并创建一个中央注册中心，为研究、教育、科学和创新的所有参与者创建唯一标识符，即作者/贡献者注册中心[5]。ORCID应该为研究人员提供一个长期的国际数字身份[6]。
{"title":"Trends in academic media: Open researcher and contributor identifier, concept and significance for the scientific research community","authors":"Milica Mircic, Zorica Djokic","doi":"10.2298/MPNS1804083M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/MPNS1804083M","url":null,"abstract":"The contemporary scientific communication occurs in a digital environment and in professional virtual communities the concept of science is gradually transforming into the concept of e-science [1]. All participants of the scientific communication have already accepted the existence of Digital Object Identifier (DOI) number, as a digital content identifier of some object on the internet which is connected with e.g. a book or a journal article, regardless of the fact that their place on the internet may be changed [2]. The DOI is assigned to a scientific paper via the Crossref service, in order to find, cite, link and access scientific articles more easily. Likewise, steps have been taken to establish the identifier of an author’s unique identity. Back in 2006, Scopus presented its identification scheme Scopus Author IDENTIFIER (ID), and in 2008, Web of Science (WoS) created its own service called ResearcherID, as a system of unique identification of authors [3, 4]. In October 2012, the service Open Researcher and Contributor ID (ORCID) was presented. The concept of this service has been introduced back in 2009, with the aim to include all of the previous schemes and create a central registry of unique identifiers of all participants in research, education, science, innovation, i.e. a registry of authors/contributors [5]. ORCID is supposed to provide a long-term international digital identity of researchers [6].","PeriodicalId":18511,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski pregled","volume":"49 1","pages":"83-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87986789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Lazovic, Ivan Blazic, M. Zlatković-Švenda, Vesna Đurić, R. Milić, V. Žugić
Introduction. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax is an infrequent condition which requires emergency medical treatment. Nowadays, due to hiking and tourism, many people reach high altitudes in a hypobaric hypoxia environment. These hypoxic conditions can be tolerated if one is exposed to low oxygen pressure, leading to a sequence of physiological responses. Occasionally, hypoxia causes maladaptive responses which leads to different forms of high altitude diseases. Case Report. We report a case of a 49-year-old man, a former professional athlete, passionate about hiking and still physically active. He was admitted to our Emergency Department with short breath and a chest X-ray revealed a large right sided pneumothorax which was successfully treated with tube drainage. Conclusion. Although primary spontaneous pneumothorax is a rare condition, it should be suspected during physical examination. Therefore, physicians should be prepared to recognize it, especially paying attention to all hikers and high-altitude travelers in order to avoid possible risks for high-altitude sickness.
{"title":"Spontaneous pneumothorax induced by high altitude: A case report","authors":"B. Lazovic, Ivan Blazic, M. Zlatković-Švenda, Vesna Đurić, R. Milić, V. Žugić","doi":"10.2298/MPNS1808261L","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/MPNS1808261L","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax is an infrequent condition which requires emergency medical treatment. Nowadays, due to hiking and tourism, many people reach high altitudes in a hypobaric hypoxia environment. These hypoxic conditions can be tolerated if one is exposed to low oxygen pressure, leading to a sequence of physiological responses. Occasionally, hypoxia causes maladaptive responses which leads to different forms of high altitude diseases. Case Report. We report a case of a 49-year-old man, a former professional athlete, passionate about hiking and still physically active. He was admitted to our Emergency Department with short breath and a chest X-ray revealed a large right sided pneumothorax which was successfully treated with tube drainage. Conclusion. Although primary spontaneous pneumothorax is a rare condition, it should be suspected during physical examination. Therefore, physicians should be prepared to recognize it, especially paying attention to all hikers and high-altitude travelers in order to avoid possible risks for high-altitude sickness.","PeriodicalId":18511,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski pregled","volume":"84 1","pages":"261-264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83468070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. Bladder and bowel dysfunction describes a large spectrum of lower urinary tract symptoms along with fecal elimination issues. The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of biofeedback treatment in children with lower urinary tract symptoms. Material and Methods. A prospective study analyzed the effects of biofeedback treatment conducted in children with lower urinary tract symptoms. Questionnaires and voiding diaries were collected prior to the treatment. The patients were followed for two weeks on daily basis. After the completion of the treatment, the data from voiding diaries and questionnaires were analyzed. Results. A total of 18 children were referred for biofeedback treatment. Seven patients had an overactive bladder. seven had isolated dysfunctional voiding, and in the third group three had difficulties starting to void and one had daily incontinence with dysfunctional voiding. A total of 14 patients presented with improvement of symptoms. The analyzed data showed no measurable improvement in one patient, even though he reported a personal feeling of improvement. Three patients without positive effects of the therapy were immature and non-cooperative. In six out of seven patients with overactive bladder with urine leakage, the symptom disappeared by the end of the treatment. Conclusion. Biofeedback is a very useful tool in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in pediatric population. Although the main indication for initiating this therapy is dysfunctional voiding, the study showed an improvement of symptoms in patients with overactive bladder as well.
{"title":"Biofeedback in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in children","authors":"Marina Djermanov, D. Zivkovic","doi":"10.2298/MPNS1806167D:","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/MPNS1806167D:","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Bladder and bowel dysfunction describes a large spectrum of lower urinary tract symptoms along with fecal elimination issues. The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of biofeedback treatment in children with lower urinary tract symptoms. Material and Methods. A prospective study analyzed the effects of biofeedback treatment conducted in children with lower urinary tract symptoms. Questionnaires and voiding diaries were collected prior to the treatment. The patients were followed for two weeks on daily basis. After the completion of the treatment, the data from voiding diaries and questionnaires were analyzed. Results. A total of 18 children were referred for biofeedback treatment. Seven patients had an overactive bladder. seven had isolated dysfunctional voiding, and in the third group three had difficulties starting to void and one had daily incontinence with dysfunctional voiding. A total of 14 patients presented with improvement of symptoms. The analyzed data showed no measurable improvement in one patient, even though he reported a personal feeling of improvement. Three patients without positive effects of the therapy were immature and non-cooperative. In six out of seven patients with overactive bladder with urine leakage, the symptom disappeared by the end of the treatment. Conclusion. Biofeedback is a very useful tool in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in pediatric population. Although the main indication for initiating this therapy is dysfunctional voiding, the study showed an improvement of symptoms in patients with overactive bladder as well.","PeriodicalId":18511,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski pregled","volume":"29 1","pages":"167-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84611001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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