{"title":"Effect of thermomechanical treatment on structure and properties of metastable Ti-25Nb-8Sn alloy","authors":"H. Hsu, K.K.Y. Wong, J. Chen, S.C. Wu, W. Ho","doi":"10.4149/km_2021_6_357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/km_2021_6_357","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18519,"journal":{"name":"Metallic Materials","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78178200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of deformation processing on tensile ductility of magnesium alloy AZ31","authors":"Z. Zúberová, I. Sabirov, Y. Estrin","doi":"10.4149/KM-2011-1-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/KM-2011-1-29","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18519,"journal":{"name":"Metallic Materials","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72747966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The variation of thermal conductivity with temperature for Sn-3.5wt.%Ag eutectic alloy was measured with a radial heat flow apparatus. The thermal conductivity of the solid phase and temperature coefficient were also found to be 84.60 ± 0.09 WK−1 m−1 and 5.92× 10−4 K−1, respectively. The values of enthalpy of fusion (∆H ) and the specific heat (Cp) were also determined by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) from heat flow curves during the transformation from eutectic solid to eutectic liquid. The variation of electrical conductivity with temperature for Sn-3.5wt.%Ag eutectic alloy was determined from the Wiedemann-Franz law by using the measured values of thermal conductivity. The microhardness of Sn-3.5wt.%Ag eutectic alloy was measured at approximately 5 different points with Vickers microhardness device. The microstructure of Sn-3.5wt.%Ag eutectic alloy was investigated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. K e y w o r d s: metals & alloys, electrical resistivity/conductivity, microstructure, thermodynamics, hardness test
{"title":"Thermal, electrical, microstructure and microhardness properties of the eutectic Sn-3.5 wt % Ag alloy","authors":"F. Meydaneri, B. Saatçi, M. Özdemir","doi":"10.4149/km_2013_3_173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/km_2013_3_173","url":null,"abstract":"The variation of thermal conductivity with temperature for Sn-3.5wt.%Ag eutectic alloy was measured with a radial heat flow apparatus. The thermal conductivity of the solid phase and temperature coefficient were also found to be 84.60 ± 0.09 WK−1 m−1 and 5.92× 10−4 K−1, respectively. The values of enthalpy of fusion (∆H ) and the specific heat (Cp) were also determined by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) from heat flow curves during the transformation from eutectic solid to eutectic liquid. The variation of electrical conductivity with temperature for Sn-3.5wt.%Ag eutectic alloy was determined from the Wiedemann-Franz law by using the measured values of thermal conductivity. The microhardness of Sn-3.5wt.%Ag eutectic alloy was measured at approximately 5 different points with Vickers microhardness device. The microstructure of Sn-3.5wt.%Ag eutectic alloy was investigated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. K e y w o r d s: metals & alloys, electrical resistivity/conductivity, microstructure, thermodynamics, hardness test","PeriodicalId":18519,"journal":{"name":"Metallic Materials","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80236067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Cincă, D. Raducanu, A. Nocivin, D. Gordin, V. Cojocaru
Formation of nano-sized grains in a new Ti-10Zr-5Nb-5Ta (wt.%) alloy without cytotoxic elements, through innovative accumulative roll bonding (ARB) process was the subject of investigation. The investigations consisted of structural and mechanical characterization of the alloy, processed by 4 ARB cycles at ambient temperatures. The micro-structural investigations were performed before and after each ARB cycle, using a SEM analyzing system, an X-ray diffractometer and a HRTEM analyzing system. The investigations of mechanical properties were based on tensile strength, Young’s modulus, tensile elongation and micro-hardness measurements. Nano-sized grains were successfully obtained after 4 ARB cycles. The analyzed samples initially showed an ultra fine grain (UFG) structure, transformed during ARB cycles to a nano-sized grain (NG) structure, suitable for improving the alloy’s bioactivity. Consequently, the ARB process increases the strength of the samples: the values of tensile strength drastically increase in the initial stage of the ARB process, after which they tend to become saturated; the Young’s modulus constantly increases; the tensile elongation greatly decreases after 2 ARB cycles; the micro-Vickers hardness values are constantly high during ARB process. K e y w o r d s: Ti-Zr-Nb-Ta alloy, grain refining, accumulative roll bonding, structure characterization, mechanical properties testing, nano-crystalline structure
{"title":"Formation of nano-sized grains in Ti-10Zr-5Nb-5Ta biomedical alloy processed by accumulative roll bonding (ARB)","authors":"I. Cincă, D. Raducanu, A. Nocivin, D. Gordin, V. Cojocaru","doi":"10.4149/km_2013_3_165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/km_2013_3_165","url":null,"abstract":"Formation of nano-sized grains in a new Ti-10Zr-5Nb-5Ta (wt.%) alloy without cytotoxic elements, through innovative accumulative roll bonding (ARB) process was the subject of investigation. The investigations consisted of structural and mechanical characterization of the alloy, processed by 4 ARB cycles at ambient temperatures. The micro-structural investigations were performed before and after each ARB cycle, using a SEM analyzing system, an X-ray diffractometer and a HRTEM analyzing system. The investigations of mechanical properties were based on tensile strength, Young’s modulus, tensile elongation and micro-hardness measurements. Nano-sized grains were successfully obtained after 4 ARB cycles. The analyzed samples initially showed an ultra fine grain (UFG) structure, transformed during ARB cycles to a nano-sized grain (NG) structure, suitable for improving the alloy’s bioactivity. Consequently, the ARB process increases the strength of the samples: the values of tensile strength drastically increase in the initial stage of the ARB process, after which they tend to become saturated; the Young’s modulus constantly increases; the tensile elongation greatly decreases after 2 ARB cycles; the micro-Vickers hardness values are constantly high during ARB process. K e y w o r d s: Ti-Zr-Nb-Ta alloy, grain refining, accumulative roll bonding, structure characterization, mechanical properties testing, nano-crystalline structure","PeriodicalId":18519,"journal":{"name":"Metallic Materials","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83097986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Ai, Z. Xu, Z. Liu, H. Song, A. Wang, L. Zhang, Z. Han, G. Gao, D. Li, D. Shi
This paper describes one possible thermal analysis method to anticipate and control the inoculation effect during the solidification of CGI melt. Results show that 0.10–0.45 % ferrosilicon inoculation in the sample cup can promote the solidification morphology of the melt to evolve from hypoeutectic to eutectic or even low hypereutectic. With the stepwise more inoculant additions, the minimum eutectic temperature difference for the two stepwise additions decreases. The inoculation saturation value is basically reached in the 0.30 % inoculant sample cup, of which the minimum eutectic temperature increase is 5.3 ◦ C compared with that of the original melt. When inoculated, the carbon potential and eutectic inoculation potential of the melt are improved. At 0.45 % inoculant, the melt can solidify in the form of low hypereutectic. In this case, the nodularity rate increases significantly to 34 %, and large particles of graphite nodule appear.
{"title":"Evolution of inoculation thermal analysis and solidification morphology of compacted graphite iron","authors":"S. Ai, Z. Xu, Z. Liu, H. Song, A. Wang, L. Zhang, Z. Han, G. Gao, D. Li, D. Shi","doi":"10.4149/KM_2021_1_51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/KM_2021_1_51","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes one possible thermal analysis method to anticipate and control the inoculation effect during the solidification of CGI melt. Results show that 0.10–0.45 % ferrosilicon inoculation in the sample cup can promote the solidification morphology of the melt to evolve from hypoeutectic to eutectic or even low hypereutectic. With the stepwise more inoculant additions, the minimum eutectic temperature difference for the two stepwise additions decreases. The inoculation saturation value is basically reached in the 0.30 % inoculant sample cup, of which the minimum eutectic temperature increase is 5.3 ◦ C compared with that of the original melt. When inoculated, the carbon potential and eutectic inoculation potential of the melt are improved. At 0.45 % inoculant, the melt can solidify in the form of low hypereutectic. In this case, the nodularity rate increases significantly to 34 %, and large particles of graphite nodule appear.","PeriodicalId":18519,"journal":{"name":"Metallic Materials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82933997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, the physical, mechanical, and chemical characteristics of grain refined zinc-aluminum alloy (ZA-27) and ZA-27 based nano-composite reinforced with 1wt.%Al2O3 nanoparticles have been investigated. Ultrasonic cavitation technique was used to fabricate these materials, and they were examined using optical microscopy, micro-Vickers hardness tester, and potentiodynamic polarization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was used to investigate surface morphology and chemical elements of the specimens before and after corrosion testing to explain corrosion behaviors. ZA-27 alloy with fine equiaxed grains and 22 % porosity content with respect to the as-cast alloy was fabricated, resulting in a higher microhardness number. Potentiodynamic polarization test results revealed that it has better resistance for localized corrosion; the rapid dissolution of the zinc-rich phase presented in the interspacing region produces a salt layer quickly; this layer effectively protects the underlying metal surface from pits formation. The fabricated nano-composite has a porosity content of 54.2 % of the as-cast porosity content, and a smaller dendritic structure was formed with a uniform dispersion of the Al2O3 nanoparticles within the ZA-27 alloy matrix. Therefore, its microhardness number is greater than that of the as-cast alloy. The potentiodynamic polarization test analyses revealed that its uniform and localized corrosion resistance was improved. Micro-galvanic cells were formed between the primary and secondary phases in the small dendritic structure of the nano-composite, which improves its corrosion resistance. K e y w o r d s: nanoparticles, aluminum dioxide, corrosion resistance, ZA-27 alloy, ultrasonic cavitation, grain refinement
{"title":"Mechanical and corrosion characteristics of grain refined ZA-27 alloy and ZA-27/Al2O3 nano-composite produced by ultrasonic cavitation technique","authors":"M. Hayajneh, M. Almomani, A. AL-Akailah","doi":"10.4149/km_2021_3_195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/km_2021_3_195","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the physical, mechanical, and chemical characteristics of grain refined zinc-aluminum alloy (ZA-27) and ZA-27 based nano-composite reinforced with 1wt.%Al2O3 nanoparticles have been investigated. Ultrasonic cavitation technique was used to fabricate these materials, and they were examined using optical microscopy, micro-Vickers hardness tester, and potentiodynamic polarization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was used to investigate surface morphology and chemical elements of the specimens before and after corrosion testing to explain corrosion behaviors. ZA-27 alloy with fine equiaxed grains and 22 % porosity content with respect to the as-cast alloy was fabricated, resulting in a higher microhardness number. Potentiodynamic polarization test results revealed that it has better resistance for localized corrosion; the rapid dissolution of the zinc-rich phase presented in the interspacing region produces a salt layer quickly; this layer effectively protects the underlying metal surface from pits formation. The fabricated nano-composite has a porosity content of 54.2 % of the as-cast porosity content, and a smaller dendritic structure was formed with a uniform dispersion of the Al2O3 nanoparticles within the ZA-27 alloy matrix. Therefore, its microhardness number is greater than that of the as-cast alloy. The potentiodynamic polarization test analyses revealed that its uniform and localized corrosion resistance was improved. Micro-galvanic cells were formed between the primary and secondary phases in the small dendritic structure of the nano-composite, which improves its corrosion resistance. K e y w o r d s: nanoparticles, aluminum dioxide, corrosion resistance, ZA-27 alloy, ultrasonic cavitation, grain refinement","PeriodicalId":18519,"journal":{"name":"Metallic Materials","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86617882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Korn, R. Lapovok, A. Bohner, H. W. Hoppel, H. Mughrabi
{"title":"Bimodal grain size distributions in UFG materials produced by SPD – their evolution and effect on the fatigue and monotonic strength properties","authors":"M. Korn, R. Lapovok, A. Bohner, H. W. Hoppel, H. Mughrabi","doi":"10.4149/km_2011_1_51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/km_2011_1_51","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18519,"journal":{"name":"Metallic Materials","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88168317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In-situ synthesized TiB2, Fe2B reinforced coating was fabricated on AISI 430 steel substrate by using plasma transfer arc (PTA) and FeB, FeTi, FeW powders. The effects of powder type and powder ratio on the wear rate of coating were investigated experimentally. SEM, EDS and XRD analyses were used to differentiate the effect of coating parameters on the microstructure, which characterize the coated surfaces. Primary ferrite (α) phase and complex TiB2, Fe2B borides were detected on the subsurface microstructure. Abrasive wear tests were performed on the coated surface of specimens to examine the influence of the size-vol.% of borides and microstructural changes on the wear rate. Depending on the results, it is seen that the specimens coated by (FeB-FeTi-FeW) ferro-alloy powders mixture have the lowest wear rate. K e y w o r d s: PTA, surface coating, wear
{"title":"The role of TiB2, Fe2B reinforcements on the wear rate of the coated AISI 430 stainless steel surface by PTA","authors":"T. Teker","doi":"10.4149/km_2013_6_373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/km_2013_6_373","url":null,"abstract":"In-situ synthesized TiB2, Fe2B reinforced coating was fabricated on AISI 430 steel substrate by using plasma transfer arc (PTA) and FeB, FeTi, FeW powders. The effects of powder type and powder ratio on the wear rate of coating were investigated experimentally. SEM, EDS and XRD analyses were used to differentiate the effect of coating parameters on the microstructure, which characterize the coated surfaces. Primary ferrite (α) phase and complex TiB2, Fe2B borides were detected on the subsurface microstructure. Abrasive wear tests were performed on the coated surface of specimens to examine the influence of the size-vol.% of borides and microstructural changes on the wear rate. Depending on the results, it is seen that the specimens coated by (FeB-FeTi-FeW) ferro-alloy powders mixture have the lowest wear rate. K e y w o r d s: PTA, surface coating, wear","PeriodicalId":18519,"journal":{"name":"Metallic Materials","volume":"12 8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83607458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of the heat treatment effect in milling of K390 powder metallurgical steel","authors":"Ş. Çetinkaya, A. Kaçal","doi":"10.4149/km_2014_4_209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/km_2014_4_209","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18519,"journal":{"name":"Metallic Materials","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88715442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Undoped and Ti doped ZnO thin films were made by sol-gel spin coating, and the investigation of structural, morphological and optical features was applied as a function of the doping ratio. The films had a polycrystalline ZnO wurtzite crystal structure with (002) preferential direction and film crystallinity decreased with Ti doping content. The SEM studies indicated that the nanoparticle structure of undoped films changed to nano-network like structure with Ti doping. The transmittance and optical band gap of undoped sample firstly increased with 1 at.% Ti doping and then they decreased with higher Ti level. Consequently, the present work suggests that the characteristic properties of ZnO can be tailored with Ti doping and ZnO:Ti films have a potential importance for usage in many technological applications. K e y w o r d s: ZnO, sol-gel preparation, Ti doping, thin films
{"title":"Titanium doping effect on the characteristic properties of sol-gel deposited ZnO thin films","authors":"M. Yilmaz, G. Turgu","doi":"10.4149/m_2015_5_333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4149/m_2015_5_333","url":null,"abstract":"Undoped and Ti doped ZnO thin films were made by sol-gel spin coating, and the investigation of structural, morphological and optical features was applied as a function of the doping ratio. The films had a polycrystalline ZnO wurtzite crystal structure with (002) preferential direction and film crystallinity decreased with Ti doping content. The SEM studies indicated that the nanoparticle structure of undoped films changed to nano-network like structure with Ti doping. The transmittance and optical band gap of undoped sample firstly increased with 1 at.% Ti doping and then they decreased with higher Ti level. Consequently, the present work suggests that the characteristic properties of ZnO can be tailored with Ti doping and ZnO:Ti films have a potential importance for usage in many technological applications. K e y w o r d s: ZnO, sol-gel preparation, Ti doping, thin films","PeriodicalId":18519,"journal":{"name":"Metallic Materials","volume":"201 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89094967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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