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Growth, magnetic, and electronic properties of Ni-Zn ferrites thin films 镍锌铁氧体薄膜的生长、磁性和电子特性
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1088/2053-1591/ad78ae
L G Guzman, L C Sánchez, J Gil Monsalve, C Ostos and O Arnache
Thin films of Ni-Zn ferrite grown on MgO(111) single crystal substrate were prepared using radiofrequency magnetron sputtering, with a target of nominal composition Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4. Subsequently, x-ray diffraction (XRD) was performed, which revealed characteristic reflections of a Ni-Zn ferrite structure, confirming the unique formation of the ferrite. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed the presence of metal ions in their appropriate valence states within the crystalline structure of the Ni-Zn ferrite. The variation in binding energy observed in the thin film is attributed to changes in the environment of Fe3+ and Zn2+ or Ni2+ ions, resulting from the non-equilibrium distribution of cations in tetrahedral and octahedral sites. The saturation magnetization and the coercivity field were and 513 ± 32 Oe, respectively. In addition, ferromagnetic resonance studies were made using broad-band FMR spectroscopy based on a coplanar waveguide (CPW) spectrometer.
使用射频磁控溅射法制备了生长在氧化镁(111)单晶衬底上的镍锌铁氧体薄膜,靶材的标称成分为 Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4。随后进行了 X 射线衍射 (XRD),发现了镍锌铁氧体结构的特征反射,证实了铁氧体的独特形成。X 射线光电子能谱(XPS)显示,在镍锌铁氧体的晶体结构中存在适当价态的金属离子。在薄膜中观察到的结合能变化归因于 Fe3+ 和 Zn2+ 或 Ni2+ 离子环境的变化,这是阳离子在四面体和八面体位点的非平衡分布造成的。饱和磁化和矫顽力场分别为和 513 ± 32 Oe。此外,还利用基于共面波导(CPW)光谱仪的宽带 FMR 光谱进行了铁磁共振研究。
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引用次数: 0
Tribological performance of ZrO2 nanoparticles as friction and wear reduction additives in aviation lubricant ZrO2 纳米粒子作为航空润滑油中的摩擦和磨损减少添加剂的摩擦学性能
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1088/2053-1591/ad78b3
Lijian Zhang, Zhibo Zhu, Deming Zhao, Xingwen Gao and Bingxu Wang
High-performance aircraft engines require superior aviation oils to enhance their lubricating performance and prolong service life. Addition of nano-sized ceramic particles has been considered as a useful way to improve the tribological performance of base fluids. Up to now, few previous studies focused on the tribological properties of ZrO2 nanoparticles in aviation oil. The current study dispersed ZrO2 nanoparticles into PAO20 aviation base oil as lubricant additives. A dual-step method comprised of physical blending and ultrasonic dispersing was applied in the preparation of ZrO2 nanofluids. Oleic acid was utilized as surfactant to enhance the stability of ZrO2 nanofluids. Ball-on-plate reciprocating sliding wear tests were conducted to obtain the coefficient of friction and wear volumes. It was found that the PAO20 base oil produced the highest coefficient of friction of 0.278 and wear volumes of 2.305 × 10−2 mm3. 5 wt% ZrO2 nanofluids with 5 wt% oleic acid showed the best lubricating performance. The coefficient of friction was reduced by 31.29%, and wear volume was reduced by 42.95%. In the examination of wear tracks, a physically embedded tribo-layer of ZrO2 nanoparticles and an oleic acid tribo-film with low shearing resistance were formed, which lowered the friction, and protected the mating surfaces against abrasive and adhesive wear. The results obtained in this study have applicable values in the development of high-performance aviation lubricants.
高性能飞机发动机需要优质航空油来提高润滑性能和延长使用寿命。添加纳米级陶瓷颗粒被认为是改善基础油摩擦学性能的有效方法。迄今为止,很少有研究关注 ZrO2 纳米颗粒在航空油中的摩擦学性能。本研究将 ZrO2 纳米粒子分散到 PAO20 航空基础油中作为润滑油添加剂。制备 ZrO2 纳米流体时采用了物理混合和超声波分散两步法。利用油酸作为表面活性剂提高了 ZrO2 纳米流体的稳定性。进行了球-板往复滑动磨损试验,以获得摩擦系数和磨损量。结果发现,PAO20 基础油产生的摩擦系数最高,为 0.278,磨损体积最大,为 2.305 × 10-2 mm3。含有 5 wt% 油酸的 5 wt% ZrO2 纳米流体显示出最佳的润滑性能。摩擦系数降低了 31.29%,磨损体积减少了 42.95%。在磨损轨迹的检测中,形成了物理嵌入的 ZrO2 纳米颗粒三重膜和具有低剪切阻力的油酸三重膜,从而降低了摩擦力,保护了配合表面免受磨料和粘着磨损。本研究获得的结果对开发高性能航空润滑油具有实用价值。
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引用次数: 0
Development of novel Gd-Fe/Ti composites with tunable thermal expansion property 开发具有可调热膨胀特性的新型钆-铁/钛复合材料
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1088/2053-1591/ad7810
Feng Xia, Xigang Yang, Yiye Yan, Minxian Liang, Yongchun Guo, Siyu Yang, Zhijun Ma, Chan Wang, Zhongwei Zhang, Qidi Zhou and Jilin Liu
Titanium alloys are considered one of the most promising materials. However, their poor thermal expansion property remains a major obstacle to their widespread application. In this study, we explored an innovative design strategy to tune the thermal expansion properties of titanium alloy. Specifically, we used rare earth iron intermetallic compounds (Gd-Fe IMCs) with low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) as expansion inhibitors to prepare composites with the required thermal expansion properties via in situ reaction. The morphology and size of Gd-Fe IMCs can be effectively controlled by electromagnetic and ultrasonic fields, resulting in a dense distribution of micro/nano-structured Gd-Fe IMCs and strong interfacial bonding of the composites. This alloy has an excellent CTE of 6.8 × 10−6/K and a high ultimate tensile strength of 921 MPa. The improvement in the physical properties (especially in thermal expansion properties) of titanium alloy can be attributed to the synergistic effect between Gd-Fe IMCs and Ti matrix. This design strategy can also be extended to other titanium alloys as a reference for designing low thermal expansion titanium alloys.
钛合金被认为是最有前途的材料之一。然而,其不良的热膨胀特性仍然是其广泛应用的主要障碍。在这项研究中,我们探索了一种创新的设计策略来调整钛合金的热膨胀性能。具体来说,我们使用热膨胀系数(CTE)较低的稀土铁金属间化合物(Gd-Fe IMCs)作为膨胀抑制剂,通过原位反应制备出具有所需热膨胀性能的复合材料。Gd-Fe IMCs 的形态和尺寸可通过电磁场和超声波场进行有效控制,从而形成密集分布的微/纳米结构 Gd-Fe IMCs,并使复合材料具有很强的界面结合力。这种合金的 CTE 值为 6.8 × 10-6/K,极限拉伸强度高达 921 兆帕。钛合金物理性能(尤其是热膨胀性能)的改善可归因于 Gd-Fe IMC 与钛基体之间的协同效应。这种设计策略也可推广到其他钛合金,作为设计低热膨胀钛合金的参考。
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引用次数: 0
Research progress of rare earth light conversion agent materials for agricultural film 农膜用稀土光转换剂材料的研究进展
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1088/2053-1591/ad78ac
Nana Zhang
Rare earth light conversion agent material is a fluorescent material that can convert solar energy into light of different wavelengths for various applications. In this paper, the research progress of organic rare earth complexes and inorganic rare earth light conversion agent materials is first reviewed. Then, the luminescence principles, classification, synthesis methods, characterization and performance methods of organic rare-earth complexes and inorganic rare-earth light conversion agent materials are reviewed, as well as their recent progress in agricultural film applications. Finally, the challenges and development prospects faced by organic rare earth complexes and inorganic rare earth light conversion agent materials are summarized.
稀土光转换剂材料是一种荧光材料,可将太阳能转换成不同波长的光,用于各种用途。本文首先综述了有机稀土配合物和无机稀土光转换剂材料的研究进展。然后,综述了有机稀土络合物和无机稀土光转换剂材料的发光原理、分类、合成方法、表征和性能方法,以及它们在农膜应用方面的最新进展。最后,总结了有机稀土络合物和无机稀土光转换剂材料面临的挑战和发展前景。
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引用次数: 0
Prediction of Sm- (Co, Cu, Fe, Zr) binary alloys’ thermodynamic parameters by improved miedema model 用改进的米德玛模型预测 Sm-(Co、Cu、Fe、Zr)二元合金的热力学参数
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1088/2053-1591/ad78b1
Zhi Zhu, Yikun Fang, Wei Wu, Bo Zhao, Jiashuo Zhang and Ming Lei
Currently, the original Miedema mixing enthalpy model yields calculation results that exhibit some discrepancies when compared to experimental data. Therefore, improving the precision of the Miedema model is essential to advance its development and application in developing samarium–cobalt permanent magnet alloys. To address this issue, the enthalpies of mixing for Sm–(Co, Cu, Fe, Zr) binary alloys were calculated using the modified model. In addition, the mixing enthalpy (ΔH), excess entropy (SE), excess Gibbs free energy (GE), component activity (α) and binary Gibbs free energy of Sm–Co and Sm–Fe were calculated. The results indicate that the improved Miedema model more accurately matches the experimental values. Sm– (Co, Fe, Cu) binary alloys tend to form intermetallic compounds easily, whereas Sm–Zr does not. The ΔH, SE and GE of Sm-(Co, Fe) are negative, and the activity of each component shows a considerable negative deviation from Raoult’s law in contrast to that of an ideal solution. In the range of 1550 ∼ 1620 K, the Gibbs free energy of SmCo5 and Sm2Co17 reactions is negative with the Sm2Co17 phase being thermodynamically more stable than the SmCo5 phase.
目前,原始的 Miedema 混合焓模型得出的计算结果与实验数据相比存在一些差异。因此,提高米德玛模型的精度对于推动其在钐钴永磁合金开发和应用中的发展至关重要。为了解决这个问题,我们使用修改后的模型计算了 Sm-(Co、Cu、Fe、Zr)二元合金的混合焓。此外,还计算了 Sm-Co 和 Sm-Fe 的混合焓 (ΔH)、过量熵 (SE)、过量吉布斯自由能 (GE)、组分活度 (α) 和二元吉布斯自由能。结果表明,改进的 Miedema 模型能更准确地匹配实验值。Sm-(Co、Fe、Cu)二元合金容易形成金属间化合物,而 Sm-Zr 则不然。Sm-(Co、Fe)的ΔH、SE 和 GE 均为负值,与理想溶液相比,每种成分的活性都与 Raoult 定律有相当大的负偏差。在 1550 ∼ 1620 K 的范围内,SmCo5 和 Sm2Co17 反应的吉布斯自由能均为负值,Sm2Co17 相比 SmCo5 相在热力学上更稳定。
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引用次数: 0
Investigations on the machinability performance of Al2O3/TiCN CVD coated carbide tools in sustainable high-speed hard-turning of AISI 4340 alloy steel Al2O3/TiCN CVD 涂层硬质合金刀具在 AISI 4340 合金钢持续高速硬车削中的加工性能研究
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1088/2053-1591/ad7657
Nabil Jouini, Saima Yaqoob and Jaharah A Ghani
This study investigates the effectiveness of CVD coated carbide inserts in turning hardened AISI 4340 steel at high-machining speed V = 300, 350 m min−1 under sustainable dry cutting environment. Experiments were executed in accordance to Taguchi L4 orthogonal array and crucial machinability aspects tool life, tool wear progression and mechanism, cutting force, and surface roughness were evaluated in detail. The results of this study revealed that Al2O3/TiCN coating successfully inhibited the faster progression of tool wear at low cutting speed (300 m min−1), feed rate (0.05 mm rev−1) and depth of cut (0.1 mm), thus delivering the highest tool life of 19.25 min and lowest cutting force of 76.8 N. However, better surface finish of 0.305 μm was obtained at high cutting speed (350 m min−1), low feed rate (0.05 mm rev−1), and high depth of cut (0.1 mm). Nevertheless, at high cutting speed (350 m min−1) and feed rate (0.1 mm rev−1), involvement of intense thermal-mechanical effects suppressed the effectiveness of coating and tool completed its useful life at 9.24 min. Severe flaking on the cutting edge was observed at high machining parameters. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis revealed that adhesion, oxidation, and small scale chipping and abrasion were the primary wear mechanisms attributing in competing the tool life criteria (Vb = 300 μm) in all cutting conditions. Furthermore, it was established that the cutting force and surface roughness increased with increasing tool flank wear due to coating delamination, material adhesion and tool chipping. This research emphasizes the significant potential of adopting Al2O3/TiCN coated carbide inserts for high-speed industrial hard-turning of AISI 4340 steel.
本研究探讨了 CVD 涂层硬质合金刀片在可持续干切削环境下,以 V = 300、350 m min-1 的高速车削淬硬 AISI 4340 钢的有效性。实验按照 Taguchi L4 正交阵列进行,详细评估了刀具寿命、刀具磨损进程和机理、切削力和表面粗糙度等关键加工性能。研究结果表明,在低切削速度(300 m min-1)、低进给量(0.05 mm rev-1)和低切削深度(0.1 mm)条件下,Al2O3/TiCN 涂层成功地抑制了刀具的快速磨损,因此刀具寿命最高,为 19.25 分钟,切削力最低,为 76.8 N。然而,在高切削速度(350 米/分钟-1)和高进给量(0.1 毫米/分钟-1)条件下,强烈的热机械效应抑制了涂层的效果,刀具在 9.24 分钟时结束了使用寿命。在高加工参数下,切削刃上出现了严重的剥落。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能量色散光谱(EDS)分析表明,在所有切削条件下,粘附、氧化、小范围崩角和磨损是导致刀具寿命达标(Vb = 300 μm)的主要磨损机制。此外,由于涂层脱层、材料粘附和刀具崩刃,切削力和表面粗糙度随着刀具侧面磨损的增加而增加。这项研究强调了采用 Al2O3/TiCN 涂层硬质合金刀片进行 AISI 4340 钢高速工业硬车削的巨大潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Ultrasonic assisted removal of methyl orange and bovine serum albumin from wastewater using modified activated carbons: RSM optimization and reusability 利用改性活性碳超声波辅助去除废水中的甲基橙和牛血清白蛋白:RSM 优化和可重复使用性
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1088/2053-1591/ad76fe
Imran Ahmad Khan, Asad Ullah Khan, Kashif Mairaj Deen, Edouard Asselin, Rehan Sadiq, Muhammad Yasir and Nasir M Ahmad
The removal of industrial pollutants from water remains a significant challenge in water treatment processes. This study investigated the efficacy of powder-activated carbon (PAC), thermally modified PAC (TPAC), and chemically modified PAC (CPAC) for removing bovine serum albumin (BSA) and methyl orange (MO) from simulated wastewater. After undergoing treatment, the BET surface area of TPAC increased to 823 m2 g−1, while that of CPAC increased to 657 m2 g−1 compared to the initial surface area of pristine PAC, which was 619 m2 g−1. Batch adsorption experiments assisted by ultrasonication were conducted to evaluate the impact of solution pH, initial concentration, and contact time on the adsorption capacities (qmax) of BSA and MO. TPAC demonstrated superior performance, achieving qmax values of 152 mg g−1 for MO and 133 mg g−1 for BSA, compared to PAC, which provided qmax values of 124 mg g−1 and 112 mg g−1, respectively. Furthermore, pH levels of 3 and 5 were identified as highly effective for the removal of MO and BSA from water, respectively. The adsorption kinetics of both MO and BSA followed pseudo2nd-order (R2 > 0.99) reaction kinetics under both batch and ultrasonic conditions, confirming the removal of contaminants through chemisorption. The adsorption trends also satisfied the Langmuir isothermal model, indicating the formation of a uniform monolayer during the adsorption process of these contaminants. To understand the simultaneous effect of all the variables, response surface methodology (RSM) using central composite design (CCD) was used to predict the adsorption capacities of CPAC. After five adsorption cycles, the removal efficiencies of MO (from 98% to 80%) and BSA (from 55% to 40%) decreased in the CPAC system. The results suggested that CPAC can be effectively utilized to remove MO from wastewater.
去除水中的工业污染物仍然是水处理工艺中的一项重大挑战。本研究考察了粉末活性炭(PAC)、热改性 PAC(TPAC)和化学改性 PAC(CPAC)去除模拟废水中牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和甲基橙(MO)的效果。与原始 PAC 的初始表面积 619 m2 g-1 相比,经过处理后,TPAC 的 BET 表面积增至 823 m2 g-1,而 CPAC 的 BET 表面积增至 657 m2 g-1。在超声波辅助下进行了批量吸附实验,以评估溶液 pH 值、初始浓度和接触时间对 BSA 和 MO 吸附能力(qmax)的影响。与 PAC(qmax 值分别为 124 mg g-1 和 112 mg g-1)相比,TPAC 表现出更优越的性能,MO 和 BSA 的 qmax 值分别达到 152 mg g-1 和 133 mg g-1。此外,pH 值分别为 3 和 5 对去除水中的 MO 和 BSA 非常有效。在间歇和超声条件下,MO 和 BSA 的吸附动力学均遵循假 2 阶(R2 > 0.99)反应动力学,证实了污染物是通过化学吸附去除的。吸附趋势也符合 Langmuir 等温模型,表明这些污染物在吸附过程中形成了均匀的单层。为了解所有变量的同时影响,采用中心复合设计(CCD)的响应面方法(RSM)来预测 CPAC 的吸附容量。经过五个吸附循环后,CPAC 系统对 MO(从 98% 降至 80%)和 BSA(从 55% 降至 40%)的去除率均有所下降。结果表明,CPAC 可有效去除废水中的 MO。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the molecular biology of zinc-doped hydroxyapatite nanocomposites as fillers for dental materials: a self-defensive approach targeting bacterial DNA 探索作为牙科材料填充物的掺锌羟基磷灰石纳米复合材料的分子生物学:针对细菌 DNA 的自我防御方法
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1088/2053-1591/ad7785
Muhammad Hamza, Qudsia Kanwal, Zahid Ali, Seema Zargar, Atekah Hazzaa Alshammari, Tanveer A Wani, Muhammad Rizwan, Kanwal Rohm and Muhammad Asim Mushtaq
Infections during or after the denture filling pose a serious threat to recovery later, and antibiotics are scanty for quick healing. The antibacterial potential of Zn has convinced us to fabricate its composites with hydroxyapatite (HA), which has distinct biological properties. The main aim of the study is to evaluate the antibacterial potential of Zn-doped HA and investigate its molecular interaction with bacterial strains to enhance its defensive ability against bacterial attack. This study investigates the synthesis of zinc-doped hydroxyapatite nano-powder (Zn-HA) as coating and filling materials for dental applications. The co-precipitation technique was used in this regard to obtain the purest form of nanoparticles. The as-prepared Zn-HA samples were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy to assess the interaction of functional groups between components, x-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine percentage crystallinity, SEM to explore the surface morphology of composites, and EDX to confirm the incorporation of Zn in the apatite structure. The crystalline size of Zn-HA decreases from 99 nm to 40 nm with an increase in the doping of Zncl2 from 0 to 2.5 g. With increasing the concentration of Zn doping, the effectiveness of antibacterial potential was increased. Due to an increased in the concentration of doped Zn, the Zn ions effectively rupture the bacterial membrane and destroy its DNA. Meanwhile, it shows the highest antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas (20.2 ± 0.02), Klebsiella (25.8 ± 0.05), Bacillus (18.3 ± 0.09), S. aureus (24 ± 0.03), and E. coli (19.3 ± 0.09) with Zn/HA5. It showed that by increasing the concentration of Zinc ions in hydroxyapatite, the antibacterial potential increased. This increased concentration of zinc ions in HA enhances its-defensive ability against the attack of various bacterial strains, this makes it a potential material and enhances its efficacy in dental applications like coating, filling material, or dental restoratives, in inhibiting the growth of bacterial colonies and biofilm formation in the oral cavity. In this way, Zn/HA as an efficient dental composite as a restorative material with enhanced antibacterial potential may help to mitigate the risk of dental infections, promote dental as well as oral health, and overall improve the life of dentine.
在义齿充填过程中或充填后发生感染会严重威胁后期的恢复,而抗生素又很难快速治愈。Zn 的抗菌潜力促使我们将其与具有独特生物特性的羟基磷灰石(HA)制成复合材料。本研究的主要目的是评估掺锌 HA 的抗菌潜力,并研究其与细菌菌株的分子相互作用,以增强其抵御细菌侵袭的能力。本研究探讨了掺锌羟基磷灰石纳米粉体(Zn-HA)作为牙科应用涂层和填充材料的合成。为了获得最纯净的纳米颗粒,本研究采用了共沉淀技术。制备的 Zn-HA 样品通过傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR spectroscopy)、X 射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)进行了表征,前者用于评估成分间官能团的相互作用,后者用于确定结晶度百分比,前者用于探究复合材料的表面形态,后者用于确认磷灰石结构中的锌含量。随着 Zncl2 掺杂浓度从 0 g 增加到 2.5 g,Zn-HA 的结晶尺寸从 99 nm 减小到 40 nm。由于掺杂 Zn 的浓度增加,Zn 离子能有效地破坏细菌膜并破坏其 DNA。同时,Zn/HA5 对假单胞菌(20.2 ± 0.02)、克雷伯氏菌(25.8 ± 0.05)、芽孢杆菌(18.3 ± 0.09)、金黄色葡萄球菌(24 ± 0.03)和大肠杆菌(19.3 ± 0.09)的抗菌活性最高。这表明,随着羟基磷灰石中锌离子浓度的增加,抗菌潜力也随之增加。羟基磷灰石中锌离子浓度的增加增强了其抵御各种细菌菌株攻击的能力,这使其成为一种潜在的材料,并提高了其在牙科应用(如涂层、填充材料或牙科修复体)中抑制口腔中细菌菌落生长和生物膜形成的功效。因此,Zn/HA 作为一种高效的牙科复合材料,作为一种具有更强抗菌潜力的修复材料,可能有助于降低牙科感染的风险,促进牙齿和口腔健康,并从整体上改善牙本质的寿命。
{"title":"Exploring the molecular biology of zinc-doped hydroxyapatite nanocomposites as fillers for dental materials: a self-defensive approach targeting bacterial DNA","authors":"Muhammad Hamza, Qudsia Kanwal, Zahid Ali, Seema Zargar, Atekah Hazzaa Alshammari, Tanveer A Wani, Muhammad Rizwan, Kanwal Rohm and Muhammad Asim Mushtaq","doi":"10.1088/2053-1591/ad7785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ad7785","url":null,"abstract":"Infections during or after the denture filling pose a serious threat to recovery later, and antibiotics are scanty for quick healing. The antibacterial potential of Zn has convinced us to fabricate its composites with hydroxyapatite (HA), which has distinct biological properties. The main aim of the study is to evaluate the antibacterial potential of Zn-doped HA and investigate its molecular interaction with bacterial strains to enhance its defensive ability against bacterial attack. This study investigates the synthesis of zinc-doped hydroxyapatite nano-powder (Zn-HA) as coating and filling materials for dental applications. The co-precipitation technique was used in this regard to obtain the purest form of nanoparticles. The as-prepared Zn-HA samples were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy to assess the interaction of functional groups between components, x-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine percentage crystallinity, SEM to explore the surface morphology of composites, and EDX to confirm the incorporation of Zn in the apatite structure. The crystalline size of Zn-HA decreases from 99 nm to 40 nm with an increase in the doping of Zncl2 from 0 to 2.5 g. With increasing the concentration of Zn doping, the effectiveness of antibacterial potential was increased. Due to an increased in the concentration of doped Zn, the Zn ions effectively rupture the bacterial membrane and destroy its DNA. Meanwhile, it shows the highest antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas (20.2 ± 0.02), Klebsiella (25.8 ± 0.05), Bacillus (18.3 ± 0.09), S. aureus (24 ± 0.03), and E. coli (19.3 ± 0.09) with Zn/HA5. It showed that by increasing the concentration of Zinc ions in hydroxyapatite, the antibacterial potential increased. This increased concentration of zinc ions in HA enhances its-defensive ability against the attack of various bacterial strains, this makes it a potential material and enhances its efficacy in dental applications like coating, filling material, or dental restoratives, in inhibiting the growth of bacterial colonies and biofilm formation in the oral cavity. In this way, Zn/HA as an efficient dental composite as a restorative material with enhanced antibacterial potential may help to mitigate the risk of dental infections, promote dental as well as oral health, and overall improve the life of dentine.","PeriodicalId":18530,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Express","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Numerical and experimental study of temperature, residual stresses, and microstructural evolution on multi-layer and multi-pass laser cladding of 6061Al alloy 6061Al 合金多层多道激光熔覆的温度、残余应力和微结构演变的数值与实验研究
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1088/2053-1591/ad7784
Weifeng Tang, Aoqi Liu, Chengyu Song and Li Zhou
Multi-layer and multi-pass laser cladding is a promising and important process for repairing and strengthening Al alloy parts, whereas the temperature and residual stresses have a great influence on the properties of the laser cladding layer. In this paper, a nonlinear transient thermo-mechanical coupling finite element model of multi-layer and multi-pass cladding of 6061Al alloy was established. Meanwhile, the DFLUX user subroutine was developed using Fortran code to define the movement of the three-dimensional heat source model. From there, the distribution and evolution of temperature and stresses at different times were investigated. In addition, the micro-morphology and micro-hardness after cladding were also analyzed in detail. The results show that both the maximum residual tensile and compressive stresses decrease with increasing the number of cladding passes. At the same time, due to the reheating effect of each cladding on the previous cladding, a few bubbles appear at the top, middle and bottom of the overlap surfaces. Moreover, the micro-hardness of the overlap surfaces decreases slightly. This study can provide a theoretical basis for further research into multi-layer and multi-pass laser cladding of 6061Al alloy.
多层多道激光熔覆是修复和强化铝合金零件的一种前景广阔的重要工艺,而温度和残余应力对激光熔覆层的性能有很大影响。本文建立了 6061Al 合金多层多道激光熔覆的非线性瞬态热机械耦合有限元模型。同时,使用 Fortran 代码开发了 DFLUX 用户子程序,以定义三维热源模型的运动。在此基础上,研究了温度和应力在不同时间的分布和演变。此外,还详细分析了包覆后的微观形貌和微观硬度。结果表明,最大残余拉应力和压应力都随着包覆次数的增加而减小。同时,由于每次堆焊对前一次堆焊的再加热效应,在重叠表面的顶部、中部和底部会出现一些气泡。此外,重叠表面的微硬度也略有下降。这项研究可为进一步研究 6061Al 合金的多层多道激光熔覆提供理论依据。
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引用次数: 0
Determination of the discreteness correction in dislocation equations for sphalerite crystals 确定闪锌矿晶体位错方程中的离散性修正
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1088/2053-1591/ad7656
Huili Zhang, Defang Lu and Yanyan Li
The discreteness correction for simple lattices has been determined, however, there is still no detailed and rigorous derivation of the discreteness correction for compound lattices due to the relatively complex structure (simple lattices have only one set per slip system, while complex lattices have at least two sets). A lattice dynamics model which takes into account the energy increments caused by changes in bond length and bond angle is constructed for sphalerite crystals and the relationships between discreteness parameters and elastic constants are determined for the slip system. Compared to glide set, the discreteness correction for shuffle set is much larger due to it is mainly contributed by the interactions between nearest neighbor atoms. Based on the results obtained from the model, the dislocations in ZnS crystal are investigated. The theoretical prediction result of Peierls stress for shuffle dislocation closely matches the experimental critical shear stress. It is inferred that the initial plastic deformation of ZnS is closely related to the movement of shuffle dislocations.
简单晶格的离散度修正已经确定,然而,由于结构相对复杂(简单晶格每个滑移系统只有一组,而复杂晶格至少有两组),复合晶格的离散度修正还没有详细而严格的推导。我们为闪锌矿晶体构建了一个考虑了键长和键角变化引起的能量增量的晶格动力学模型,并确定了滑移系统的离散度参数和弹性常数之间的关系。与滑动集相比,洗牌集的不均匀性修正要大得多,因为它主要是由近邻原子之间的相互作用造成的。根据模型得出的结果,对 ZnS 晶体中的位错进行了研究。随机位错的 Peierls 应力理论预测结果与实验临界剪切应力非常吻合。由此推断,ZnS 的初始塑性变形与洗牌位错的运动密切相关。
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Materials Research Express
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