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The effect of cholesterol on highly curved membranes measured by nanosecond Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy. 用纳秒荧光相关光谱法测定胆固醇对高弯曲膜的影响。
IF 3.2 3区 化学 Q1 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-08-24 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ac87ea
Vicky Vishvakarma, Oskar Engberg, Daniel Huster, Sudipta Maiti

Small lipid vesicles (with diameter ≤100 nm) with their highly curved membranes comprise a special class of biological lipid bilayers. The mechanical properties of such membranes are critical for their function, e.g. exocytosis. Cholesterol is a near-universal regulator of membrane properties in animal cells. Yet measurements of the effect of cholesterol on the mechanical properties of membranes have remained challenging, and the interpretation of such measurements has remained a matter of debate. Here we show that nanosecond fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) can directly measure the ns-microsecond rotational correlation time (τr) of a lipid probe in high curvature vesicles with extraordinary sensitivity. Using a home-built 4-Pi fluorescence cross-correlation spectrometer containing polarization-modulating elements, we measure the rotational correlation time (τr) of Nile Red in neurotransmitter vesicle mimics. As the cholesterol mole fraction increases from 0 to 50%,τrincreases from 17 ± 1 to 112 ± 12 ns, indicating a viscosity change of nearly a factor of 7. These measurements are corroborated by solid-state NMR results, which show that the order parameter of the lipid acyl chains increases by about 50% for the same change in cholesterol concentration. Additionally, we measured the spectral parameters of polarity-sensitive fluorescence dyes, which provide an indirect measure of viscosity. The green/red ratio of Nile Red and the generalized polarization of Laurdan show consistent increases of 1.3× and 2.6×, respectively. Our results demonstrate that rotational FCS can directly measure the viscosity of highly curved membranes with higher sensitivity and a wider dynamic range compared to other conventional techniques. Significantly, we observe that the viscosity of neurotransmitter vesicle mimics is remarkably sensitive to their cholesterol content.

小的脂质囊泡(直径≤100纳米)及其高度弯曲的膜构成了一类特殊的生物脂质双层。这种膜的机械性能对其功能至关重要,例如胞吐作用。在动物细胞中,胆固醇几乎是一种普遍的膜特性调节剂。然而,测量胆固醇对膜机械性能的影响仍然具有挑战性,对这些测量结果的解释仍然是一个有争议的问题。在这里,我们证明了纳秒荧光相关光谱(FCS)可以以非凡的灵敏度直接测量高曲率囊泡中脂质探针的ns微秒旋转相关时间(τr)。利用自制的含有偏振调制元件的4-Pi荧光互相关光谱仪,我们测量了尼罗红在神经递质囊泡模拟物中的旋转相关时间(τr)。当胆固醇摩尔分数从0增加到50%时,τ从17±1增加到112±12 ns,表明粘度变化接近7倍。固体核磁共振结果证实了这些测量结果,表明胆固醇浓度变化相同,脂质酰基链的顺序参数增加了约50%。此外,我们测量了极性敏感荧光染料的光谱参数,这提供了粘度的间接测量。尼罗红的绿红比和劳丹的广义偏振一致,分别增加了1.3×和2.6×。我们的研究结果表明,与其他传统技术相比,旋转FCS可以直接测量高弯曲膜的粘度,具有更高的灵敏度和更宽的动态范围。值得注意的是,我们观察到神经递质囊泡模拟物的粘度对其胆固醇含量非常敏感。
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引用次数: 1
PVDF-directed synthesis, stability and anion exchange of cesium lead bromide nanocrystals. pvdf定向合成铯-溴化铅纳米晶体的稳定性和阴离子交换。
IF 3.2 3区 化学 Q1 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-08-24 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ac896b
Suvadeep Panda, Amritansh Soni, Vidhu Gupta, Raghvendra Niranjan, Debashis Panda

Photoluminescent perovskite nanocrystals are mostly used along with base materials such as polymers for material processing and large-scale production purpose. However, the role of polymer in crystal structure engineering and thereby dictating the emission properties of lead halide perovskite nanocrystals has been poorly understood. First, we have developed a polymer-directed antisolvent method for synthesis of halide perovskite crystals at room temperature and observed that the thermodynamic stabilities of crystals drive the formation of perovskite composite crystal of orthorhombic Cs4PbBr6and monoclinic CsPbBr3. Surprisingly, hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) can reduce the size of perovskite crystals to nano dimensions even at room temperature. On the other hand, perovskite nanocrystals, CsPbBr3synthesized by modified hot-injection method undergo rapid encapsulation in PVDF matrices. The size of the encapsulated nanocrystal in PVDF matrices ranges in 88 ± 32 nm. We have illustrated that there are three types of radiative recombination predominantly operative in nanocrystals-doped polymer- (i) surface defect caused radiative recombination (0.6-3 ns), (ii) exciton recombination (3-15 ns), and (iii) shallow trap assisted recombination (10-50 ns). The interface created at nanocrystal and polymer plays a decisive role in populating the shallow trap states in perovskite-polymer nanocomposite. These nanocomposites undergo fast halide exchange in aqueous hydroiodic acid solution and possess remarkable enhancement of water-/photo-stability. This research would pave way for their greater use in hydrogen production and light-emitting devices.

光致发光钙钛矿纳米晶体多与聚合物等基础材料一起用于材料加工和大规模生产目的。然而,聚合物在晶体结构工程中的作用,从而决定了卤化铅钙钛矿纳米晶体的发射特性,人们对其了解甚少。首先,我们开发了一种在室温下合成卤化物钙钛矿晶体的聚合物定向反溶剂方法,并观察到晶体的热力学稳定性驱动了正交型cs4pbbr6和单斜型CsPbBr3钙钛矿复合晶体的形成。令人惊讶的是,疏水性聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)甚至可以在室温下将钙钛矿晶体的尺寸减小到纳米尺寸。另一方面,通过改进热注射法制备的钙钛矿纳米晶cspbbr3在PVDF基体中被快速封装。在PVDF基质中封装的纳米晶体尺寸为88±32 nm。我们已经说明了在纳米晶体掺杂聚合物中主要有三种类型的辐射复合:(i)表面缺陷引起的辐射复合(0.6-3 ns), (ii)激子复合(3-15 ns), (iii)浅阱辅助复合(10-50 ns)。在钙钛矿-聚合物纳米复合材料中,纳米晶体与聚合物之间形成的界面对于填充浅阱态起着决定性的作用。这些纳米复合材料在水碘酸溶液中卤化物交换速度快,具有显著的水/光稳定性。这项研究将为它们在制氢和发光设备中的更广泛应用铺平道路。
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引用次数: 3
Optimising correlative super resolution and atomic force microscopies for investigating the cellular cytoskeleton. 优化相关的超分辨率和原子力显微镜用于研究细胞骨架。
IF 3.2 3区 化学 Q1 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-08-16 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ac8526
Riley B Hargreaves, Ashley M Rozario, Thomas M McCoy, Shane P Meaney, Alison M Funston, Rico F Tabor, Donna R Whelan, Toby D M Bell

Correlative imaging methods can provide greater information for investigations of cellular ultra-structure, with separate analysis methods complementing each other's strengths and covering for deficiencies. Here we present a method for correlative applications of super resolution and atomic force microscopies, optimising the sample preparation for correlative imaging of the cellular cytoskeleton in COS-7 cells. This optimisation determined the order of permeabilisation and fixation, the concentration of Triton X-100 surfactant used and time required for sufficient removal of the cellular membrane while maintaining the microtubule network. Correlative SMLM/AFM imaging revealed the different information that can be obtained through each microscopy. The widths of microtubules and microtubule clusters were determined from both AFM height measurements and Gaussian fitting of SMLM intensity cross sections, these were then compared to determine the orientation of microtubules within larger microtubule bundles. The ordering of microtubules at intersections was determined from the AFM height profiles as each microtubule crosses the other. The combination of both microtubule diameter measurements enabled greater information on their structure to be found than either measurement could individually.

相关的成像方法可以为细胞超微结构的研究提供更多的信息,不同的分析方法可以互补,弥补不足。本文提出了一种超分辨率和原子力显微镜相关应用的方法,优化了COS-7细胞骨架相关成像的样品制备方法。这种优化决定了渗透和固定的顺序、使用的Triton X-100表面活性剂的浓度以及在保持微管网络的同时充分去除细胞膜所需的时间。相关的SMLM/AFM成像显示了通过每种显微镜可以获得的不同信息。通过AFM高度测量和SMLM强度截面的高斯拟合确定微管和微管簇的宽度,然后将这些数据进行比较,以确定较大微管束内微管的方向。当每个微管穿过另一个微管时,从AFM高度剖面确定交叉处微管的顺序。两种微管直径测量的结合比单独测量可以发现更多的结构信息。
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引用次数: 1
Temperature sensing using bulk and nanoparticles of Ca0.79Er0.01Yb0.2MoO4phosphor. 用ca0.79 er0.01 yb0.2 moo4荧光粉体和纳米颗粒进行温度传感。
IF 3.2 3区 化学 Q1 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-08-08 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ac8525
Sachin Singh, Santosh Kachhap, Akhilesh Kumar Singh, Sasank Pattnaik, Sunil Kumar Singh

Optical temperature sensing is widely realized by using upconversion (UC) emission in lanthanide-doped phosphors. There are various parameters that are responsible for UC intensity of the phosphor like particle shape and size, type of symmetry that exist at the site position, distribution of lanthanide ions in the phosphor, and so on. However, a comparative study of the bulk and nanostructure on the temperature sensing ability of such phosphor is rare. In the present work, we have taken Ca0.79Er0.01Yb0.2MoO4phosphors as a model system and synthesized its bulk (via solid-state reaction method, named SCEY) and nanostructures (via solution combustion route, named CCEY). We further studied their phase, crystal structure, phonon frequency, optical excitation, and emission (upconversion & downshifting) properties. Finally, the optical temperature sensing behavior of SCEY and CCEY, in the range 305 K-573 K, have been compared. The maximum relative sensitivity of the phosphor SCEY and CCEY are 0.0061 K-1at 305 K and 0.0094 K-1at 299 K, respectively, while, the maximum absolute sensitivities are 0.0150 K-1at 348 K, and 0.0170 K-1at 398 K, respectively. We thus conclude that the temperature sensing ability of nanoparticle-based Ca0.79Er0.01Yb0.2MoO4phosphor is better compared to its bulk phosphor.

在镧系掺杂荧光粉中利用上转换(UC)发射实现了光学温度传感。影响荧光粉UC强度的参数有很多,比如粒子的形状和大小、存在于位点位置的对称类型、荧光粉中镧系离子的分布等等。然而,对这种荧光粉的体积和纳米结构对其感温能力的比较研究很少。在本工作中,我们以ca0.79 er0.01 yb0.2 moo4荧光粉为模型体系,合成了其体(通过固相反应法,命名为SCEY)和纳米结构(通过溶液燃烧法,命名为CCEY)。我们进一步研究了它们的相位、晶体结构、声子频率、光激发和发射(上转换和降移)特性。最后,比较了SCEY和CCEY在305 K-573 K范围内的光学感温行为。荧光粉SCEY和CCEY的最大相对灵敏度分别为0.0061 K-1at 305 K和0.0094 K-1at 299 K,最大绝对灵敏度分别为0.0150 K-1at 348 K和0.0170 K-1at 398 K。由此得出结论,纳米颗粒基ca0.79 er0.01 yb0.2 moo4荧光粉的温度传感能力优于其本体荧光粉。
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引用次数: 5
Tracing the influence of caffeine on the pharmacokinetic parameters of three headache relieving pharmaceuticals applying synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy. 应用同步荧光光谱法追踪咖啡因对三种头痛药物药动学参数的影响。
IF 3.2 3区 化学 Q1 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-08-08 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ac859a
M E K Wahba, D El Sherbiny, N El Enany, Mohammed E Draz

A simple, sensitive, and selective first derivative synchronous fluorimetric method was developed and optimized to track the influence of caffeine content in beverages on the pharmacokinetic parameters of three pharmaceuticals used in relieving headache namely, aspirin (ASP), ibuprofen (IBU), and ergotamine tartrate (ERG). A full validation procedure was carried out to impart validity to the proposed method to apply it to biological fluids. The unique dissolving power of micellar solutions was utilized to avoid multiple extraction steps for both thein vitroandin vivoexperiments, aiming to obtain acceptable recoveries and to accomplish sustainability, where 0.1 M sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) was used for this purpose. Moreover, the developed bioanalytical method was subjected to full validation to avoid interferences emerging from biological matrices. The greenness of the proposed method was assessed according to the Analytical Eco-Scale and proved to be excellent green carrying a score of 98%.

建立了一种简便、灵敏、选择性的一阶导数同步荧光法,用于跟踪饮料中咖啡因含量对阿司匹林(ASP)、布洛芬(IBU)和酒石酸麦角胺(ERG)三种头痛药的药动学参数的影响。进行了完整的验证程序,以赋予所提出的方法的有效性,将其应用于生物流体。利用胶束溶液独特的溶解能力,在体外黄素实验中避免了多次提取步骤,旨在获得可接受的回收率并实现可持续性,其中0.1 M十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)用于此目的。此外,开发的生物分析方法进行了充分的验证,以避免来自生物基质的干扰。根据分析生态尺度对该方法的绿色度进行了评估,结果表明该方法的绿色度达到了98%。
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引用次数: 0
Alkaline N-GQDs fluorescent probe for the ultrasensitive detection of creatinine. 碱性N-GQDs荧光探针超灵敏检测肌酐。
IF 3.2 3区 化学 Q1 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-08-05 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ac8527
Pavithra Verthikere Ravi, Vinodhini Subramaniyam, Neha Saravanakumar, Moorthi Pichumani

Creatinine (Crn) is an important excretory product of the human body. Medical laboratory technology has improved over years and brought many advancements in clinical diagnostics equipment, and testing techniques and made the tests more efficient. Yet, the quantitative analysis of Crn is still carried out by the classical Jaffe's reaction (using Picric acid (PA) with NaOH) method. Since PA is hazardous to human health, alternative solutions such as; nanoparticles and surface-modified nanoparticles can be used. Exploring the optoelectronic properties of carbon-based quantum dots for biomolecule sensing is of current interest among researchers. Nitrogen functionalized graphene quantum dots (Alk-NGQDs) measured featured Crn easier and reduced the time taken for the test carried out in laboratories. The synthesized Alk-NGQDs optical, structural, morphological properties, surface and compositions are studied through XPS, HRTEM, XRD, FTIR, and spectroscopic techniques. Alk-NGQDs at alkaline conditions (pH 9.5) form a stable complex with Crn through intermolecular charge transfer (ICT). The fluorescence titration method is used to sense Crn in commercial Crn samples and human blood serum. To understand the efficacy of sensing creatinine using Alk-NGQDs, working concentration, fluorescence quantum yield, the limit of detection, and quenching constant are calculated using the Stern-Volmer plot. The emission property of Alk-NGQDs is aimed to bring an alternative to the traditional colorimetric Jaffe's reaction.

肌酐(Crn)是人体重要的排泄产物。多年来,医学实验室技术得到了改进,在临床诊断设备和测试技术方面取得了许多进步,并使测试更有效率。然而,Crn的定量分析仍然是通过经典的Jaffe反应(使用苦味酸(PA)与NaOH)方法进行的。由于PA对人体健康有害,替代解决方案,例如;纳米粒子和表面修饰的纳米粒子都可以使用。探索用于生物分子传感的碳基量子点的光电特性是目前研究人员感兴趣的问题。氮功能化石墨烯量子点(Alk-NGQDs)更容易具有Crn特征,并且减少了在实验室进行测试所需的时间。通过XPS、HRTEM、XRD、FTIR和光谱等技术对合成的Alk-NGQDs的光学、结构、形态、表面和成分进行了研究。碱性条件下(pH 9.5) Alk-NGQDs通过分子间电荷转移(ICT)与Crn形成稳定的配合物。荧光滴定法用于检测商业Crn样品和人血清中的Crn。为了了解Alk-NGQDs检测肌酐的效果,使用Stern-Volmer图计算了工作浓度、荧光量子产率、检测限和猝灭常数。Alk-NGQDs的发射特性旨在为传统的比色Jaffe反应提供一种替代方法。
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引用次数: 4
Improvement in white light emission of Dy3+doped CaMoO4via Zn2+co-doping. 通过Zn2+共掺杂改善Dy3+掺杂camoo4白光发射。
IF 3.2 3区 化学 Q1 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-08-05 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ac8528
Prashant Dixit, Prashant Kumar Pandey, Vaibhav Chauhan, Pratik Deshmukh, S Satapathy, Praveen C Pandey

The research in developing a single ingredient phosphor for white-light emission is progressively increasing. It is well known that the4F9/2 → 6H13/2(yellow) and4F9/2 → 6H15/2(blue) transitions of Dy3+ions give near-white light emission. The white light emission of Dy3+ions can be enhanced via improving the crystallinity of the host phosphor via co-doping of transition metal ions. In this paper, we report a significant improvement in the white light emission of Dy3+doped CaMoO4by co-doping Zn2+ions. The x-ray diffraction pattern confirms the tetragonal phase of pure and doped CaMoO4phosphor. The peak broadening and a red-shift in the absorption peak are observed by UV-vis absorption analysis of Zn2+/Dy3+doped CaMoO4. From Photoluminescence studies, we have observed that in Dy3+doped CaMoO4, the 4% Dy3+doped CaMoO4exhibits maximum emission. The Zn2+ions are co-doped to further increase the luminescence intensity of CaMoO4:4%Dy3+and the maximum luminescence is obtained for 0.25% Zn2+concentration. Two intense emission peaks centered at 484 nm and 574 nm related to transitions4F9/2 → 6H15/2and4F9/2 → 6H13/2of Dy3+ion are observed for Dy3+doped phosphor. The4F9/2 → 6H13/2transition is the forced electric dipole transition which is affected by its chemical environment. After Zn2+co-doping, the4F9/2 → 6H13/2transition is affected due to a change in asymmetricity around the Dy3+ions. The 0.25% co-doping of Zn2+gives 34% enhancement in luminescence emission of 4% Dy3+doped CaMoO4. As a result, the CIE coordinates of chromaticity diagram and the color purity of the 0.25% Zn2+co-doped CaMoO4:4Dy3+show improvement in the overall white light emission. We have shown that with Zn2+co-doping, the non-radiative relaxations are reduced which results in improved white light emission of Dy3+ions.

研制单组分白光发射荧光粉的研究日益增多。众所周知,Dy3+离子的4f9 /2→6H13/2(黄色)和4f9 /2→6H15/2(蓝色)跃迁会发出近白光。通过与过渡金属离子共掺杂,可以提高宿主荧光粉的结晶度,从而增强Dy3+离子的白光发射。在本文中,我们报道了通过共掺杂Zn2+离子显著改善了Dy3+掺杂camoo4的白光发射。x射线衍射图证实了纯camoo4和掺杂camoo4荧光粉的四方相。通过对Zn2+/Dy3+掺杂CaMoO4的紫外-可见吸收分析,观察到CaMoO4的峰展宽和吸收峰红移。从光致发光研究中,我们观察到在Dy3+掺杂的CaMoO4中,4% Dy3+掺杂的CaMoO4表现出最大的发光。Zn2+离子共掺杂进一步提高了CaMoO4:4%Dy3+的发光强度,Zn2+浓度为0.25%时发光强度最大。Dy3+掺杂的荧光粉在484 nm和574 nm处观察到两个强发射峰,与Dy3+离子的4f9 /2→6h15 /2和4f9 /2→6h13 /2跃迁有关。4f9 /2→6h13 /2为受化学环境影响的强迫电偶极子跃迁。Zn2+共掺杂后,由于Dy3+离子周围不对称性的改变,4f9 /2→6h13 /2的跃迁受到影响。Zn2+共掺杂0.25%时,4% Dy3+掺杂CaMoO4的发光发射增强34%。结果表明,0.25% Zn2+共掺杂CaMoO4:4Dy3+的色度图CIE坐标和色纯度在整体白光发射上有所提高。我们已经证明,与Zn2+共掺杂,非辐射弛豫减少,导致Dy3+离子的白光发射改善。
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引用次数: 3
Insight into mechanisms of creatinine optical sensing using fluorescein-gold complex. 荧光金配合物对肌酸酐光学传感机制的深入研究。
IF 3.2 3区 化学 Q1 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-08-05 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ac8524
Sara Anselmo, Giuseppe De Luca, Vittorio Ferrara, Bruno Pignataro, Giuseppe Sancataldo, Valeria Vetri

Creatinine level in biological fluids is a clinically relevant parameter to monitor vital functions and it is well assessed that measuring creatinine levels in the human body can be of great utility to evaluate renal, muscular, or thyroid dysfunctions. The accurate detection of creatinine levels may have a critical role in providing information on health status and represents a tool for the early diagnosis of severe pathologies. Among different methods for creatinine detection that have been introduced and that are evolving with increasing speed, fluorescence-based and colorimetric sensors represent one of the best alternatives, thanks to their affordability, sensitivity and easy readability. In this work, we demonstrate that the fluorescein-Au3+complex provides a rapid, selective, and sensitive tool for the quantification of creatinine concentrations in ranges typical of sweat and urine. UV-visible absorption, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, steady state and time resolved fluorescence spectroscopy were used to shed light on the molecular mechanisms involved in the changes of optical properties, which underlie the multiplexed sensor analytical reply. Interestingly, sensing can be performed in solution or on solid nylon support accessing different physiological concentrations from micromolar to millimolar range. As a proof-of-concept, the nylon-based platform was used to demonstrate its effectiveness in creatinine detection on a solid and flexible substrate, showing its analytical colorimetric properties as an easy and disposable creatinine point-of-care test.

生物体液中肌酐水平是监测生命功能的一个临床相关参数,并且很好地评估了测量人体肌酐水平对评估肾脏、肌肉或甲状腺功能障碍的巨大效用。准确检测肌酐水平在提供健康状况信息方面可能具有关键作用,并且是早期诊断严重病理的工具。在已经引入的不同的肌酐检测方法中,基于荧光和比色的传感器是最好的替代方法之一,因为它们价格合理,灵敏度高,易于阅读。在这项工作中,我们证明了荧光素- au3 +复合物提供了一种快速、选择性和敏感的工具,用于定量汗液和尿液中典型范围内的肌酐浓度。利用紫外-可见吸收光谱、漫反射光谱、稳态光谱和时间分辨荧光光谱等技术,揭示了多路复用传感器光学特性变化的分子机制。有趣的是,传感可以在溶液或固体尼龙支架上进行,从微摩尔到毫摩尔范围内的不同生理浓度。作为概念验证,该基于尼龙的平台被用来证明其在固体和柔性底物上检测肌酐的有效性,显示其分析比色特性作为一种简单和一次性的肌酐点护理测试。
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引用次数: 5
Microscale thermophoresis as a powerful growing analytical technique for the investigation of biomolecular interaction and the determination of binding parameters. 微尺度热泳术是一种强大的分析技术,用于研究生物分子相互作用和确定结合参数。
IF 3.2 3区 化学 Q1 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-07-28 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ac82a6
Sami El Deeb, Ahmed Al-Harrasi, Ajmal Khan, Mohammed Al-Broumi, Ghanim Al-Thani, Mohammed Alomairi, Parthasarathy Elumalai, Rania Adel Sayed, Adel Ehab Ibrahim

Thein vitropanel of technologies to address biomolecular interactions are in play, however microscale thermophoresis is continuously increasing in use to represent a key player in this arena. This review highlights the usefulness of microscale thermophoresis in the determination of molecular and biomolecular affinity interactions. This work reviews the literature from January 2016 to January 2022 about microscale thermophoresis. It gives a summarized overview about both the state-of the art and the development in the field of microscale thermophoresis. The principle of microscale thermophoresis is also described supported with self-created illustrations. Moreover, some recent advances are mentioned that showing application of the technique in investigating biomolecular interactions in different fields. Finally, advantages as well as drawbacks of the technique in comparison with other competing techniques are summarized.

研究生物分子相互作用的显微技术正在发挥作用,然而微尺度热泳术的应用正在不断增加,成为这一领域的关键参与者。本文综述了微尺度热泳术在分子和生物分子亲和相互作用测定中的应用。本工作回顾了2016年1月至2022年1月关于微尺度热泳术的文献。综述了微尺度热泳技术的研究现状和发展趋势。还描述了微尺度热泳的原理,并附有自创的插图。此外,还介绍了该技术在不同领域研究生物分子相互作用方面的最新进展。最后,总结了该技术与其他竞争技术相比的优点和缺点。
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引用次数: 14
Genetically encodable fluorescent protein markers in advanced optical imaging. 先进光学成像中的遗传可编码荧光蛋白标记。
IF 3.2 3区 化学 Q1 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-07-28 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ac7d3f
Karin Nienhaus, Gerd Ulrich Nienhaus

Optical fluorescence microscopy plays a pivotal role in the exploration of biological structure and dynamics, especially on live specimens. Progress in the field relies, on the one hand, on technical advances in imaging and data processing and, on the other hand, on progress in fluorescent marker technologies. Among these, genetically encodable fluorescent proteins (FPs) are invaluable tools, as they allow facile labeling of live cells, tissues or organisms, as these produce the FP markers all by themselves after introduction of a suitable gene. Here we cover FP markers from the GFP family of proteins as well as tetrapyrrole-binding proteins, which further complement the FP toolbox in important ways. A broad range of FP variants have been endowed, by using protein engineering, with photophysical properties that are essential for specific fluorescence microscopy techniques, notably those offering nanoscale image resolution. We briefly introduce various advanced imaging methods and show how they utilize the distinct properties of the FP markers in exciting imaging applications, with the aim to guide researchers toward the design of powerful imaging experiments that are optimally suited to address their biological questions.

光学荧光显微镜在探索生物结构和动力学方面发挥着关键作用,特别是在活体标本上。该领域的进展一方面依赖于成像和数据处理方面的技术进步,另一方面依赖于荧光标记技术的进步。其中,遗传可编码荧光蛋白(FPs)是非常宝贵的工具,因为它们可以方便地标记活细胞,组织或生物体,因为它们在引入合适的基因后自行产生FP标记。在这里,我们介绍了来自GFP蛋白家族的FP标记以及四吡咯结合蛋白,它们在重要方面进一步补充了FP工具箱。通过蛋白质工程,广泛的FP变体被赋予了特定荧光显微镜技术所必需的光物理性质,特别是那些提供纳米级图像分辨率的技术。我们简要介绍了各种先进的成像方法,并展示了它们如何利用FP标记在令人兴奋的成像应用中的独特特性,旨在指导研究人员设计最适合解决其生物学问题的强大成像实验。
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引用次数: 7
期刊
Methods and Applications in Fluorescence
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