Pub Date : 2025-11-24DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108203
Bo Jiang , Xiaoyan Zhu , Yujie Lv , Yanmei Wang , Hongying Yang , Ya Yang , Yunmin Xu , Bin Shan , Guibo Song
Background
This study investigated the molecular basis of phenotypic variation between mucoid (mixA) and dry (mixB) Mixta calida strains from a liver transplant recipient.
Methods
Genomic analysis (comparative and pangenome), virulence/antibiotic resistance profiling, transcriptomic analysis, and quantitative biofilm assays were conducted.
Results
MixA and mixB showed >99.99 % sequence identity and extensive collinearity. Pangenome analysis identified mixA's unique CLUSTER3688 (O-antigen/teichoic acid export protein), suggesting altered cell surface modification. Virulence/resistance profiles and MICs were largely conserved. Significant differential gene expression occurred: mixA upregulated stress response and carbohydrate utilization genes, while downregulating sulfur metabolism, ABC transporters, ribosome, and peptidoglycan biosynthesis genes, suggesting lower metabolic activity. Biofilm assays showed no significant biomass difference, but mixA's unique surface export gene may influence structure.
Conclusions
The mucoid/dry phenotypic variation in Mixta calida appears driven by combined subtle genomic differences, including unique surface component export genes, and significant transcriptional reprogramming affecting key metabolic, stress response, and cell surface pathways. These findings are crucial for understanding this emerging pathogen's adaptation and pathogenesis.
Pub Date : 2025-11-21DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108191
Diksha Jawale, Shailza Singh
Peptide-based therapies are emerging as powerful tools in the treatment of inflammatory and infectious diseases, offering high specificity, low toxicity, and minimal side effects. In this study, we identify Special AT-rich Binding Protein-1 (SATB1) as a novel immunotherapy target for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). As a global chromatin regulator, SATB1 is initially confined to the cytoplasm, but as infection progresses, it translocates to the nucleus, triggering Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Family Member E40 (Bhlehe40) - mediated Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) production and inflammatory responses involving IL-6, IL-17, IL-23, and Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). To restore immune balance, we strategically disrupt conserved residues Lysine (Lys) 29, Arginine (Arg) 32, Glutamic acid (Gln) 34, and Asparagine (Asn) 36 within SATB1's nuclear localization signal (NLS) using machine learning (ML) based peptide design approaches. Structural predictions, motif identification, and peptide library screening led to the selection of three peptide candidates (P1, P2, and P3) based on binding affinity and molecular interactions. Experimental validation identified P3 as the most effective peptide, successfully mitigating infection and re-establishing immune homeostasis in vitro and in vivo. This research underscores the potential of peptide-based therapeutics in developing targeted treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis and other immune-related disorders.
{"title":"A novel peptide antagonist for SATB1 in the immune response to Leishmania infection","authors":"Diksha Jawale, Shailza Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peptide-based therapies are emerging as powerful tools in the treatment of inflammatory and infectious diseases, offering high specificity, low toxicity, and minimal side effects. In this study, we identify Special AT-rich Binding Protein-1 (SATB1) as a novel immunotherapy target for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). As a global chromatin regulator, SATB1 is initially confined to the cytoplasm, but as infection progresses, it translocates to the nucleus, triggering Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Family Member E40 (Bhlehe40) - mediated Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) production and inflammatory responses involving IL-6, IL-17, IL-23, and Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). To restore immune balance, we strategically disrupt conserved residues Lysine (Lys) 29, Arginine (Arg) 32, Glutamic acid (Gln) 34, and Asparagine (Asn) 36 within SATB1's nuclear localization signal (NLS) using machine learning (ML) based peptide design approaches. Structural predictions, motif identification, and peptide library screening led to the selection of three peptide candidates (P1, P2, and P3) based on binding affinity and molecular interactions. Experimental validation identified P3 as the most effective peptide, successfully mitigating infection and re-establishing immune homeostasis <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. This research underscores the potential of peptide-based therapeutics in developing targeted treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis and other immune-related disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 108191"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145587927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) eye infections in dairy goats cause conjunctivitis and keratitis, threatening animal welfare and productivity. To isolate B. cereus, evaluate its pathogenicity, and characterize its biological properties, we employed morphological observation, biochemical identification, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, specific gene detection, growth curve analysis, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, virulence gene screening, and histopathological examination of experimentally infected mice. The isolated strain was confirmed as B. cereus and designated LY. On Luria-Bertani (LB) agar, the isolate formed circular, convex, waxy-white colonies; on sheep blood agar, it exhibited non-hemolytic, light gray, ground-glass-like colonies. It was Gram-positive, with slender rods, subterminal spores, and occurring singly or in chains. Biochemical tests showed fermentation of glucose, maltose, fructose, and xylose, but not mannitol or sucrose; it was catalase-positive, urease-negative, H2S-negative, nitrate reduction-negative, and methyl red (MR)-positive. Growth analysis revealed optimal growth at pH 7.0 and 37 °C, with growth observed between pH 7.0–9.0 and 32–42 °C. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed resistance to 11 antibiotics, including penicillin, vancomycin, and polymyxin B, and susceptibility to 14, such as amikacin, gentamicin, and kanamycin. PCR confirmed the presence of virulence genes plcR, hblC, hblD, nheA, nheB, nheC, and entFM, indicating high pathogenic potential. Histopathology of infected mice revealed severe hemorrhage in parenchymal organs (e.g., liver, kidney) and the gastrointestinal tract (e.g., stomach, intestine). In conclusion, LY, a B. cereus strain with multiple virulence genes, strong pathogenicity, and multidrug resistance, was isolated, indicating potential pathogenic risks to dairy goat herds.
{"title":"Identification and pathogenicity evaluation of Bacillus cereus isolated from dairy goats in China","authors":"Zhenpeng Li, Jie Wang, BaoShan Wang, Yongcheng Meng, Zhen Huang, Sihan Zuo, Wanling Yao, Wangdong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Bacillus cereus</em> (<em>B. cereus</em>) eye infections in dairy goats cause conjunctivitis and keratitis, threatening animal welfare and productivity. To isolate <em>B. cereus</em>, evaluate its pathogenicity, and characterize its biological properties, we employed morphological observation, biochemical identification, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, specific gene detection, growth curve analysis, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, virulence gene screening, and histopathological examination of experimentally infected mice. The isolated strain was confirmed as <em>B</em>. <em>cereus</em> and designated LY. On Luria-Bertani (LB) agar, the isolate formed circular, convex, waxy-white colonies; on sheep blood agar, it exhibited non-hemolytic, light gray, ground-glass-like colonies. It was Gram-positive, with slender rods, subterminal spores, and occurring singly or in chains. Biochemical tests showed fermentation of glucose, maltose, fructose, and xylose, but not mannitol or sucrose; it was catalase-positive, urease-negative, H<sub>2</sub>S-negative, nitrate reduction-negative, and methyl red (MR)-positive. Growth analysis revealed optimal growth at pH 7.0 and 37 °C, with growth observed between pH 7.0–9.0 and 32–42 °C. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed resistance to 11 antibiotics, including penicillin, vancomycin, and polymyxin B, and susceptibility to 14, such as amikacin, gentamicin, and kanamycin. PCR confirmed the presence of virulence genes <em>plcR</em>, <em>hblC</em>, <em>hblD</em>, <em>nheA</em>, <em>nheB</em>, <em>nheC</em>, and <em>entFM</em>, indicating high pathogenic potential. Histopathology of infected mice revealed severe hemorrhage in parenchymal organs (e.g., liver, kidney) and the gastrointestinal tract (e.g., stomach, intestine). In conclusion, LY, a B. cereus strain with multiple virulence genes, strong pathogenicity, and multidrug resistance, was isolated, indicating potential pathogenic risks to dairy goat herds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 108199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145582601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria necessitates the development of novel antimicrobial agents. Selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) synthesized via green methods offer promising antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Aim: This study investigates the synthesis, characterization, and bioactivity of Se-NPs mediated by Ficus hispida extract. Methodology: Ficus hispida fruit extract was used to synthesize Se-NPs by mixing 10 mL of the extract with 20 mL of 50 mM selenium solution, followed by reduction with 200 μL of 40 mM ascorbic acid. The formation of Se-NPs was confirmed by a ruby red color. Characterization was performed using UV–Vis spectroscopy (peaks at 203 nm and 257 nm), FT-IR (bands at 3362, 3245, 1648, 1383, 1202 cm−1), XRD (2θ: 23.5°, 29.7°, 41.4°, 43.6°, 45.4°, 51.7°, 55.9°, 61.5°), FE-SEM (particle size: 71.73–98.81 nm), HR-TEM (7.59–12.26 nm), zeta potential analysis (−37.1 mV), and EDAX (Se and O peaks). Antioxidant activity was assessed via DPPH assay, and antibacterial activity was evaluated by agar well diffusion against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus.
Results
Se-NPs showed strong surface plasmon resonance and high crystallinity with hexagonal structure. They were predominantly spherical, monodispersed, and exhibited excellent colloidal stability. Antioxidant activity reached 71 % inhibition at 100 μg/mL, while ascorbic acid achieved 98.22 %. Antibacterial tests revealed inhibition zones of 14 mm (E. coli, B. subtilis) and 18 mm (S. aureus), compared to ciprofloxacin's 31–32 mm. HR-TEM of S. aureus treated with Se-NPs showed significant morphological alterations.
Conclusion
Ficus hispida-mediated Se-NPs are eco-friendly, well-characterised, and display notable antioxidant and antibacterial activities, especially against Gram-positive bacteria. These findings support further biomedical exploration of FH-Se-NPs as alternative therapeutic agents.
{"title":"Bioengineered selenium nanoparticles synthesized using Ficus hispida ethyl acetate extract exhibit antibacterial and antioxidant activities","authors":"Jatla Murali Prakash , Palanisamy Pethappachetty , Raslamol Kannurkaran , Shilpa Valiyaparambil , Deepti Kolli","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria necessitates the development of novel antimicrobial agents. Selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) synthesized via green methods offer promising antioxidant and antibacterial properties. <strong>Aim</strong>: This study investigates the synthesis, characterization, and bioactivity of Se-NPs mediated by Ficus hispida extract. <strong>Methodology</strong>: Ficus hispida fruit extract was used to synthesize Se-NPs by mixing 10 mL of the extract with 20 mL of 50 mM selenium solution, followed by reduction with 200 μL of 40 mM ascorbic acid. The formation of Se-NPs was confirmed by a ruby red color. Characterization was performed using UV–Vis spectroscopy (peaks at 203 nm and 257 nm), FT-IR (bands at 3362, 3245, 1648, 1383, 1202 cm<sup>−1</sup>), XRD (2θ: 23.5°, 29.7°, 41.4°, 43.6°, 45.4°, 51.7°, 55.9°, 61.5°), FE-SEM (particle size: 71.73–98.81 nm), HR-TEM (7.59–12.26 nm), zeta potential analysis (−37.1 mV), and EDAX (Se and O peaks). Antioxidant activity was assessed via DPPH assay, and antibacterial activity was evaluated by agar well diffusion against <em>Escherichia coli</em>, Bacillus subtilis, and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Se-NPs showed strong surface plasmon resonance and high crystallinity with hexagonal structure. They were predominantly spherical, monodispersed, and exhibited excellent colloidal stability. Antioxidant activity reached 71 % inhibition at 100 μg/mL, while ascorbic acid achieved 98.22 %. Antibacterial tests revealed inhibition zones of 14 mm (<em>E. coli</em>, <em>B. subtilis</em>) and 18 mm (<em>S. aureus</em>), compared to ciprofloxacin's 31–32 mm. HR-TEM of <em>S. aureus</em> treated with Se-NPs showed significant morphological alterations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Ficus hispida-mediated Se-NPs are eco-friendly, well-characterised, and display notable antioxidant and antibacterial activities, especially against Gram-positive bacteria. These findings support further biomedical exploration of FH-Se-NPs as alternative therapeutic agents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 108202"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145582501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108186
José Eduardo Souza Echeverria , Jean Carlos Pael Vicente , Matheus Simplício Sena, Pedro Julio Franco Camilo, Mariana Carvalho Sturaro, Fabíola Lucini, Lisset Ortiz-Zamora, Luana Rossato, Ruana Carolina Cabral da Silva, Simone Simionatto
The occurrence of antimicrobial resistance, a major global health threat, can be attributed to the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria, such as Klebsiella pneumoniae. To improve the therapeutic arsenal against MDR pathogens, this study evaluated the antibacterial activities of 240 compounds from the Global Health Priority Box (GHPB) against an MDR K. pneumoniae strain. In particular, this study examined the inhibitory concentrations of GHPB compounds and their antimicrobial synergy with polymyxin B (PMB) and effects on membrane permeability, nucleic acid and protein leakage, and the production of reactive oxygen species. Ultra-structural changes were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. The safety of compounds was evaluated using the hemolysis and Caenorhabditis elegans-based assays. Additionally, molecular docking analyses and pharmacokinetic parameter prediction were performed. Two compounds (MMV1794211 (M11) and MMV006187 (M18)) in combination with PMB exerted synergistic antimicrobial effects. The combination of M11 or M18 and PMB was associated with low toxicity. M11 and M18 interacted with DNA gyrase. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that M11 and M18 can be administered via the oral and parenteral routes, respectively. These findings suggest that M11 and M18, in combination with PMB are promising candidates for further preclinical evaluation against MDR K. pneumoniae infections.
{"title":"Screening for novel therapeutic agents targeting multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae","authors":"José Eduardo Souza Echeverria , Jean Carlos Pael Vicente , Matheus Simplício Sena, Pedro Julio Franco Camilo, Mariana Carvalho Sturaro, Fabíola Lucini, Lisset Ortiz-Zamora, Luana Rossato, Ruana Carolina Cabral da Silva, Simone Simionatto","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The occurrence of antimicrobial resistance, a major global health threat, can be attributed to the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria, such as <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em>. To improve the therapeutic arsenal against MDR pathogens, this study evaluated the antibacterial activities of 240 compounds from the Global Health Priority Box (GHPB) against an MDR <em>K. pneumoniae</em> strain. In particular, this study examined the inhibitory concentrations of GHPB compounds and their antimicrobial synergy with polymyxin B (PMB) and effects on membrane permeability, nucleic acid and protein leakage, and the production of reactive oxygen species. Ultra-structural changes were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. The safety of compounds was evaluated using the hemolysis and <em>Caenorhabditis elegans</em>-based assays. Additionally, molecular docking analyses and pharmacokinetic parameter prediction were performed. Two compounds (MMV1794211 (M11) and MMV006187 (M18)) in combination with PMB exerted synergistic antimicrobial effects. The combination of M11 or M18 and PMB was associated with low toxicity. M11 and M18 interacted with DNA gyrase. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that M11 and M18 can be administered via the oral and parenteral routes, respectively. These findings suggest that M11 and M18, in combination with PMB are promising candidates for further preclinical evaluation against MDR <em>K. pneumoniae</em> infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 108186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145582553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-19DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108200
Marwa I. Abd El-Hamid , Azza S. El-Demerdash , Rania M.S. El-Malt , Saqer S. Alotaibi , Mohammed E.E. Sayed Ahmed , Shaimaa A. Abd El-Kader , Manal A.M. Habaka , Dalia Ibrahim Mohamed , Mona S. Ibrahim , Dalia Kamel Zaki , Sherief M. Abdel-Raheem , Essam H. Elderhmy , Doaa Ibrahim
Avian pasteurellosis induced by Pasteurella multocida is marked by suboptimal performance and elevated mortality rates in broilers. An innovative dietary intervention utilizing lycopene-NPs was assessed for its efficacy on growth performance, general well-being, immune system, antioxidant capacity, and resistance to P. multocida in broilers. Five equal groups consisting of 250 broilers were administered either a basal diet or diets enriched with lycopene-NPs at levels of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg and were experimentally infected with a multidrug-resistant and multi-virulent P. multocida strain at 28 d of age. The incorporation of dietary lycopene-NPs, particularly at higher levels, significantly diminished P. multocida colonization, abundance, and the transcription of its virulence genes (pfhA, exbB, ompA, sodA, and sodC), thereby ameliorating the compromised growth performance and lung histomorphological alterations in challenged broilers. Broilers fortified with lycopene-NPs, particularly at a dosage of 150 mg/kg, exhibited downregulation of inflammation-regulated genes (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, CCL4, CCL20, and CD36), and upregulation of mucosal barrier gene (MUC2). The lung redox balance improved due to the overexpression of NQO1, HO-1, and Nrf2 genes, and an elevation in the levels of T-AOC, GPX, SOD, and CAT enzymes, accompanied by a concurrent downregulation in the COX2 gene, besides reductions in H2O2, ROS, and MDA levels in broilers offered 150 mg/kg lycopene-NPs. Ultimately, novel dietary intervention with lycopene-NPs significantly enhanced immunological and antioxidant potential, mitigated avian pasteurellosis, and improved performance and overall health in challenged broilers.
{"title":"Lycopene nanoparticles deliver targeted improvements in broilers’ performance, immune competence, antioxidant defense, and resistance against Pasteurella multocida infection","authors":"Marwa I. Abd El-Hamid , Azza S. El-Demerdash , Rania M.S. El-Malt , Saqer S. Alotaibi , Mohammed E.E. Sayed Ahmed , Shaimaa A. Abd El-Kader , Manal A.M. Habaka , Dalia Ibrahim Mohamed , Mona S. Ibrahim , Dalia Kamel Zaki , Sherief M. Abdel-Raheem , Essam H. Elderhmy , Doaa Ibrahim","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Avian pasteurellosis induced by <em>Pasteurella multocida</em> is marked by suboptimal performance and elevated mortality rates in broilers. An innovative dietary intervention utilizing lycopene-NPs was assessed for its efficacy on growth performance, general well-being, immune system, antioxidant capacity, and resistance to <em>P. multocida</em> in broilers. Five equal groups consisting of 250 broilers were administered either a basal diet or diets enriched with lycopene-NPs at levels of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg and were experimentally infected with a multidrug-resistant and multi-virulent <em>P. multocida</em> strain at 28 d of age. The incorporation of dietary lycopene-NPs, particularly at higher levels, significantly diminished <em>P. multocida</em> colonization, abundance, and the transcription of its virulence genes (<em>pfhA, exbB, ompA, sodA</em>, and <em>sodC</em>), thereby ameliorating the compromised growth performance and lung histomorphological alterations in challenged broilers. Broilers fortified with lycopene-NPs, particularly at a dosage of 150 mg/kg, exhibited downregulation of inflammation-regulated genes (<em>IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, CCL4, CCL20</em>, and <em>CD36</em>), and upregulation of mucosal barrier gene (<em>MUC2</em>). The lung redox balance improved due to the overexpression of <em>NQO1, HO-1,</em> and <em>Nrf2</em> genes, and an elevation in the levels of T-AOC, GPX, SOD, and CAT enzymes, accompanied by a concurrent downregulation in the <em>COX2</em> gene, besides reductions in H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, ROS, and MDA levels in broilers offered 150 mg/kg lycopene-NPs. Ultimately, novel dietary intervention with lycopene-NPs significantly enhanced immunological and antioxidant potential, mitigated avian pasteurellosis, and improved performance and overall health in challenged broilers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 108200"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145573613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-19DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108201
Abdullah D. Alanazi , Hanadi B. Baghdadi , Mohamed Abdelsalam , Hanen Chakroun
Ticks are obligate hematophagous ectoparasites that serve as significant vectors of pathogens affecting human and animal health globally. Despite their medical and veterinary importance in Saudi Arabia—a region experiencing rapid socio-economic transformations—comprehensive documentation of tick diversity and distribution patterns remains fragmented. This study systematically documented tick diversity and predicted current and future distributions using ecological niche modeling (ENM). We conducted a systematic literature review spanning 1979–2023, compiling 205 geospatial records across Saudi Arabia. Using nine modeling algorithms implemented in R environment, we assessed current ecological niches and projected future distributions under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) climate change scenarios for 2050 and 2070. The analysis identified 35 tick species across six genera, with Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus dominating the fauna. Hyalomma dromedarii, H. impeltatum, and Rhipicephalus turanicus emerged as the most prevalent species, showing increasing documentation trends particularly after 1993. Ecological niche models achieved exceptional accuracy (AUC values 0.86–0.99), identifying annual precipitation (Bio12) and mean annual temperature (Bio1) as primary distribution drivers. Climate projections revealed complex regional shifts in habitat suitability rather than uniform changes, with northern and coastal regions showing mixed patterns. The dominance of species transmitting Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, Rickettsia, and Coxiella burnetii poses significant public health concerns. These findings support Saudi Vision 2030's sustainable development goals by enabling evidence-based land use planning, targeted disease surveillance, and integrated tick management strategies essential for protecting human and animal health amid ongoing environmental changes.
{"title":"Diversity, distribution, and climate change impacts on tick fauna in Saudi Arabia: A comprehensive ecological niche modeling approach","authors":"Abdullah D. Alanazi , Hanadi B. Baghdadi , Mohamed Abdelsalam , Hanen Chakroun","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ticks are obligate hematophagous ectoparasites that serve as significant vectors of pathogens affecting human and animal health globally. Despite their medical and veterinary importance in Saudi Arabia—a region experiencing rapid socio-economic transformations—comprehensive documentation of tick diversity and distribution patterns remains fragmented. This study systematically documented tick diversity and predicted current and future distributions using ecological niche modeling (ENM). We conducted a systematic literature review spanning 1979–2023, compiling 205 geospatial records across Saudi Arabia. Using nine modeling algorithms implemented in R environment, we assessed current ecological niches and projected future distributions under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) climate change scenarios for 2050 and 2070. The analysis identified 35 tick species across six genera, with <em>Hyalomma</em> and <em>Rhipicephalus</em> dominating the fauna. <em>Hyalomma dromedarii</em>, <em>H. impeltatum</em>, and <em>Rhipicephalus turanicus</em> emerged as the most prevalent species, showing increasing documentation trends particularly after 1993. Ecological niche models achieved exceptional accuracy (AUC values 0.86–0.99), identifying annual precipitation (Bio12) and mean annual temperature (Bio1) as primary distribution drivers. Climate projections revealed complex regional shifts in habitat suitability rather than uniform changes, with northern and coastal regions showing mixed patterns. The dominance of species transmitting Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, <em>Rickettsia</em>, and <em>Coxiella burnetii</em> poses significant public health concerns. These findings support Saudi Vision 2030's sustainable development goals by enabling evidence-based land use planning, targeted disease surveillance, and integrated tick management strategies essential for protecting human and animal health amid ongoing environmental changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 108201"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145569198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-19DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108198
Changxia Zhou , Mengying Chen , Rongzhen Wang , Xia Liu , Dabang Tian , Mei Xiao , Huiling Liu , Tian Tian , Yewen Sun , Minjia Tan , Jun-Yu Xu
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major multidrug-resistant pathogen responsible for severe infections, such as pneumonia and bloodstream infections. These infections are often associated with high mortality rates and pose a significant burden on public health. Studies have shown that biofilm formation is a key factor contributing to its enhanced drug resistance. Recent evidence also implicates core metabolites in biofilm regulation. However, their specific regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we initially assessed how key metabolites from glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle influenced MRSA physiology. Notably, glucose markedly enhanced bacterial proliferation and stimulated biofilm development. To further explore the molecular basis of glucose-induced changes in MRSA, we subsequently applied a multidimensional omics approach, including proteomics, acetylomics, succinylomics, and lactylomics. A total of 1666 proteins, 3761 lysine acetylated sites, 1809 succinylated sites, and 128 lactylated sites were identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Subsequent bioinformatic analysis revealed that these modifications were significantly enriched in ribosome-associated functions and metabolic pathways. To further explore their functional relevance, in vitro enzyme assays demonstrated that glucose-induced lysine succinylation modulates the activity of arsenate reductase. Building upon this, functional validation at both the bacterial and host cell levels confirmed the physiological significance of glucose-induced lysine acylation. In conclusion, these findings reveal that the core metabolite glucose promotes MRSA biofilm formation and induces extensive lysine acylation, which in turn regulates metabolic functions and virulence. Therefore, this study provides new insights into MRSA pathogenesis and suggests potential targets for anti-infective therapy.
{"title":"Multi-omic analysis reveals lysine acylation and biofilm formation induced by central metabolites in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"Changxia Zhou , Mengying Chen , Rongzhen Wang , Xia Liu , Dabang Tian , Mei Xiao , Huiling Liu , Tian Tian , Yewen Sun , Minjia Tan , Jun-Yu Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA) is a major multidrug-resistant pathogen responsible for severe infections, such as pneumonia and bloodstream infections. These infections are often associated with high mortality rates and pose a significant burden on public health. Studies have shown that biofilm formation is a key factor contributing to its enhanced drug resistance. Recent evidence also implicates core metabolites in biofilm regulation. However, their specific regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we initially assessed how key metabolites from glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle influenced MRSA physiology. Notably, glucose markedly enhanced bacterial proliferation and stimulated biofilm development. To further explore the molecular basis of glucose-induced changes in MRSA, we subsequently applied a multidimensional omics approach, including proteomics, acetylomics, succinylomics, and lactylomics. A total of 1666 proteins, 3761 lysine acetylated sites, 1809 succinylated sites, and 128 lactylated sites were identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Subsequent bioinformatic analysis revealed that these modifications were significantly enriched in ribosome-associated functions and metabolic pathways. To further explore their functional relevance, <em>in vitro</em> enzyme assays demonstrated that glucose-induced lysine succinylation modulates the activity of arsenate reductase. Building upon this, functional validation at both the bacterial and host cell levels confirmed the physiological significance of glucose-induced lysine acylation. In conclusion, these findings reveal that the core metabolite glucose promotes MRSA biofilm formation and induces extensive lysine acylation, which in turn regulates metabolic functions and virulence. Therefore, this study provides new insights into MRSA pathogenesis and suggests potential targets for anti-infective therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 108198"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145573638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Design of recombinant bacteriocin fusion protein and evaluation of its anticancer and antibacterial activity” [Microb. Pathog. 205 (2025) 107633]","authors":"Narges Yadollahi Movahed , Taher Mohamadian , Davoud Esmaeili , Fatemeh Foroohi , Payam Behzadi","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108161","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 108161"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145557402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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