Microbial pathogenesis最新文献_第8页

Association of iron-acquisition-related genes and milk lactoferrin concentration with the growth of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in milk of dairy cows

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Microbial pathogenesis

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107372

Rin Furukido , Takeshi Tsuka , Yuzo Kurokawa , Naoki Isobe , Naoki Suzuki

Although the iron-acquisition systems of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are known to be important for pathogenicity, the interaction between the antimicrobial potential of lactoferrin (LF) and bacterial pathogenesis via iron uptake systems in bovine mastitis is still unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the LF concentration in milk and the bacterial iron-acquisition system on bacterial growth in unpasteurized raw milk from cows. Twenty-four strains of E. coli and 20 strains of K. pneumoniae, including mastitis-derived and environmentally derived strains, were used. The growth potential of these strains was tested by incubation with unpasteurized raw whole milk and cell-free skim milk from a total of 30 quarters. The LF concentration in milk and somatic cell counts (SCCs) were measured as host factors, whereas ferric citrate, siderophores, ferrous iron, and heme iron acquisition-related genes were detected as pathogen-related factors. For E. coli, strains with fecA grew better in milk, whereas host factors, including LF levels and the SCC in milk, did not affect bacterial growth in milk. In K. pneumoniae, the presence of fecA was also related to its ability to grow in milk. LF levels and SCCs in milk were significantly and negatively correlated with bacterial counts at 6 h in the milk growth experiment. These results suggested that the ferric-citrate-uptake systems of E. coli and K. pneumoniae may strongly contribute to their proliferation in mammary glands in dairy cows, whereas a high LF concentration in milk may successfully inhibit the growth of K. pneumoniae.

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引用次数: 0

Linezolid versus vancomycin in vitro activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Microbial pathogenesis

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107371

Perrynaz Ahmed Mahmood Al-Zehhawi, Nihad Taha Mohammed Jaddoa

Most microorganisms as well as bacteria live in a community under natural conditions. Bacteria adopted to biofilm mode of life more than 3 billion years ago to survive extreme, harsh environments. They become harmful when they acquire resistance to antibiotics and overcome the standard therapies, which is most commonly found in hospitals. Therefore, many studies have been published regarding antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Staphylococcus aureus is a dangerous pathogen, ubiquitously prevalent as a commensal and opportunistic microorganism in human populations. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is considered one of the major medical problems worldwide since they are frequent colonizers of implanted medical devices causing a variety of hospital-acquired infections. For many years, vancomycin has been the drug of choice for MRSA whereas linezolid is considered the last resort drug. This comparative, cross-sectional study investigated the effects of linezolid on biofilm formation in vitro compared to vancomycin across 85 MRSA isolates. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report high levels of linezolid resistance in MRSA in Iraq. In this brief report, 5 MRSA strains showed resistance to linezolid, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 256 μg/ml. The exact same isolates exhibited vancomycin resistance with MIC values of 1024 μg/ml. All linezolid-resistant MRSA (LR-MRSA) strains demonstrated biofilm formation ability. Additionally, linezolid inhibited the expression of adhesion-related genes cna and clfB. The authors concluded that linezolid exerts a comparable effect to vancomycin in biofilm treatment.

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引用次数: 0

Combinatory effects of chlorhexidine and azithromycin: Implications for therapeutic potential and mechanistic insights

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Microbial pathogenesis

Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107373

Sinem Tunçer Çağlayan

The use of drug combinations to re-sensitize resistant strains is a promising strategy to overcome the stagnation in the drug discovery pipeline. Here, the results demonstrate that the combined application of the broad-spectrum bisbiguanide antiseptic chlorhexidine (CHX) and the macrolide antibiotic azithromycin (AZM) significantly inhibits the growth of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAO1 (isolated from a wound) compared to the individual effects of each agent. Specifically, 1.5 μg/mL CHX caused 11.4 ± 4 % growth inhibition and 2 μg/mL AZM resulted in 14 ± 4.5 % inhibition; however, the combination of 1.5 μg/mL CHX and 2 μg/mL AZM achieved 58 ± 6 % inhibition, significantly exceeding the sum of their individual effects. Furthermore, the AZM and CHX combination reduced bacterial viability in biofilms. P. aeruginosa is a common pathogen in wounds, particularly chronic wounds, where it delays the healing process. An in vitro wound infection model further demonstrated that CHX and AZM combination reduced bacterial density and activity in a serum-supported collagen matrix. This combination was found to be effective not only against the Gram-negative P. aeruginosa but also against the Gram-positive Streptococcus mutans.

To explain the observed combinatory inhibition effect mechanistically, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed for the first time in the literature. The results reveal that CHX increases the cellular accumulation of AZM. Changes in the membrane lipid composition of the bacteria additionally suggest a mechanism for enhanced antibiotic accumulation in the presence of CHX.

These findings suggest that the role of CHX as a potential partner in different syncretic combinations calls for comprehensive exploration in antibiotic resistant bacterial infections.

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引用次数: 0

Repurposing astemizole to kill multidrug-resistant bacteria isolated in general surgery

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Microbial pathogenesis

Pub Date : 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107369

Daxing Cao , Guihua Liu , Ying Wang, Xiaoxue Xia

Antibiotic resistance has become a significant global public health challenge, particularly in general surgery, where infections caused by resistant bacteria complicate treatment. This study aims to evaluate the potential of the FDA-disapproved antihistamine astemizole as an antibacterial agent, with a focus on its efficacy against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Astemizole demonstrated significant activity against Gram-positive bacteria, especially MRSA, with MIC and MBC values ranging from 4 to 16 μg/mL and 4–32 μg/mL, respectively. However, astemizole showed minimal activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Further investigations revealed that astemizole killed bacteria by disrupting the bacterial membrane, altering membrane potential, inhibiting ATP production, and inducing reactive oxygen species accumulation. Additionally, The resistance mutation frequency of astemizole was low, with only a minor increase in resistance observed in MRSA after 30 days of selective pressure, significantly less than that of ampicillin. Cytotoxicity and hemolysis assays indicated that astemizole was relatively safe at concentrations effective for bacterial inhibition. The Galleria mellonella infection model further confirmed the efficacy of astemizole against MRSA in vivo. Overall, this study provides new insights into the repurposing of astemizole and suggests its potential as a therapeutic agent to address antibiotic resistance.

{"title":"Repurposing astemizole to kill multidrug-resistant bacteria isolated in general surgery","authors":"Daxing Cao , Guihua Liu , Ying Wang, Xiaoxue Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibiotic resistance has become a significant global public health challenge, particularly in general surgery, where infections caused by resistant bacteria complicate treatment. This study aims to evaluate the potential of the FDA-disapproved antihistamine astemizole as an antibacterial agent, with a focus on its efficacy against methicillin-resistant <em>S</em>. <em>aureus</em> (MRSA). Astemizole demonstrated significant activity against Gram-positive bacteria, especially MRSA, with MIC and MBC values ranging from 4 to 16 μg/mL and 4–32 μg/mL, respectively. However, astemizole showed minimal activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Further investigations revealed that astemizole killed bacteria by disrupting the bacterial membrane, altering membrane potential, inhibiting ATP production, and inducing reactive oxygen species accumulation. Additionally, The resistance mutation frequency of astemizole was low, with only a minor increase in resistance observed in MRSA after 30 days of selective pressure, significantly less than that of ampicillin. Cytotoxicity and hemolysis assays indicated that astemizole was relatively safe at concentrations effective for bacterial inhibition. The <em>Galleria mellonella</em> infection model further confirmed the efficacy of astemizole against MRSA <em>in vivo</em>. Overall, this study provides new insights into the repurposing of astemizole and suggests its potential as a therapeutic agent to address antibiotic resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 107369"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143376897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Berberine disrupts the high-affinity iron transport system to reverse the fluconazole-resistance in Candida albicans

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Microbial pathogenesis

Pub Date : 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107370

Daifan Yue , Dongming Zheng , Linlan Yang , Yuxin Bai , Zhen Song , Dongmei Li , Xiaoqin Yu , Yan Li

Invasive fungal infection is usually caused by Candida albicans infection, which has a high incidence rate and mortality in critically ill patients. New drugs are needed to combat this pathogen since the limited treatment options currently available and increasing resistance to existing drugs. Berberine (BBR) is an active compound in Coptis chinensis, Phellodendron chinense and Radix berberidis, which is clinically used to treat inflammatory bowel disease, but its inhibitory effect on drug-resistant fungi has not been clarified. In this study, based on the evidence of BBR inhibiting the expression of azole-resistance genes, reducing cell adhesion and disrupting biofilm formation, transcriptome analysis revealed that the disruption of iron acquisition pathway may be the core link in BBR inhibiting drug-resistant fungi. Combined with the subsequent experimental results, including the reduction of intracellular ferrous ion content, the weakening of iron reductase activity and the overall downregulation of the coding gene of the high-affinity iron reduction system, it is speculated that the fungal growth defect under BBR treatment is the result of the interruption of the high-affinity iron acquisition pathway. Ftr1 plays a central role in the drug targeting of this transport system. Meanwhile, due to the iron deficiency within the cell, the biological function of mitochondria is impaired, ultimately leading to fungal death. This study not only reflects the application value of BBR in the clinical treatment of fungal infections, but also provides a potential strategy to address the current drug-resistance dilemma.

{"title":"Berberine disrupts the high-affinity iron transport system to reverse the fluconazole-resistance in Candida albicans","authors":"Daifan Yue , Dongming Zheng , Linlan Yang , Yuxin Bai , Zhen Song , Dongmei Li , Xiaoqin Yu , Yan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Invasive fungal infection is usually caused by <em>Candida albicans</em> infection, which has a high incidence rate and mortality in critically ill patients. New drugs are needed to combat this pathogen since the limited treatment options currently available and increasing resistance to existing drugs. Berberine (BBR) is an active compound in <em>Coptis chinensis</em>, <em>Phellodendron chinense</em> and <em>Radix berberidis</em>, which is clinically used to treat inflammatory bowel disease, but its inhibitory effect on drug-resistant fungi has not been clarified. In this study, based on the evidence of BBR inhibiting the expression of azole-resistance genes, reducing cell adhesion and disrupting biofilm formation, transcriptome analysis revealed that the disruption of iron acquisition pathway may be the core link in BBR inhibiting drug-resistant fungi. Combined with the subsequent experimental results, including the reduction of intracellular ferrous ion content, the weakening of iron reductase activity and the overall downregulation of the coding gene of the high-affinity iron reduction system, it is speculated that the fungal growth defect under BBR treatment is the result of the interruption of the high-affinity iron acquisition pathway. Ftr1 plays a central role in the drug targeting of this transport system. Meanwhile, due to the iron deficiency within the cell, the biological function of mitochondria is impaired, ultimately leading to fungal death. This study not only reflects the application value of BBR in the clinical treatment of fungal infections, but also provides a potential strategy to address the current drug-resistance dilemma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 107370"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143386316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphological and molecular characterization of Acanthostomum species with Plesiomonas shigelloides coinfection: Immunological and histopathological appraisal in Bagrus bajad

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Microbial pathogenesis

Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107365

Marwa M. Attia , Abdullah Albaqami , Rania I. Mohamed , Hanim S. Heikal , Asmaa W. Soliman , Mohamed Abdelsalam

The complex interactions between parasitic and bacterial infections in wild fish populations present significant challenges for aquatic health management. This study investigated the coinfection of acanthostomid trematodes (Acanthostomum absconditum and Acanthostomum spiniceps) and the bacterium Plesiomonas shigelloides in wild caught Bagrus bajad from Egypt. Using a combination of morphological, molecular, immunological, and histopathological approaches, we examined 200 fish specimens for parasitic infection and subsequent bacterial colonization. Parasitological examination revealed prevalence rates of 22.5 % for A. absconditum and 30 % for A. spiniceps, with distinct morphological features characterized through light microscopy. Bacterial isolation and molecular identification through 16S rRNA sequencing identified P. shigelloides in 66.7 % of parasite-infected fish. Ten bacterial isolates showed high genetic similarity (98.06–99.85 %) and phylogenetic clustering with known P. shigelloides strains. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed multidrug resistance patterns, with all isolates resistant to trimethoprim, and penicillin. PCR-based screening detected virulence gene astA, actP, and ahpA in 80 %, 90 %, and 70 % of isolates, respectively. Immunological assessment showed significantly elevated serum lysozyme activity in coinfected fish (430–450 ± 25.00 μg/mL) compared to those with parasitic infection alone (200–260 ± 27.00 μg/mL) and uninfected controls (85–120 μg/mL). Histopathological examination revealed extensive intestinal damage, including villous destruction and parasitic penetration into the submucosa. These findings highlight the complex host-parasite-bacteria interactions in B. bajad and underscore potential health risks associated with P. shigelloides coinfection, emphasizing the need for comprehensive monitoring and management strategies in wild fish populations.

{"title":"Morphological and molecular characterization of Acanthostomum species with Plesiomonas shigelloides coinfection: Immunological and histopathological appraisal in Bagrus bajad","authors":"Marwa M. Attia , Abdullah Albaqami , Rania I. Mohamed , Hanim S. Heikal , Asmaa W. Soliman , Mohamed Abdelsalam","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107365","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107365","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The complex interactions between parasitic and bacterial infections in wild fish populations present significant challenges for aquatic health management. This study investigated the coinfection of acanthostomid trematodes (<em>Acanthostomum absconditum</em> and <em>Acanthostomum spiniceps</em>) and the bacterium <em>Plesiomonas shigelloides</em> in wild caught <em>Bagrus bajad</em> from Egypt. Using a combination of morphological, molecular, immunological, and histopathological approaches, we examined 200 fish specimens for parasitic infection and subsequent bacterial colonization. Parasitological examination revealed prevalence rates of 22.5 % for <em>A. absconditum</em> and 30 % for <em>A. spiniceps,</em> with distinct morphological features characterized through light microscopy. Bacterial isolation and molecular identification through 16S rRNA sequencing identified <em>P. shigelloides</em> in 66.7 % of parasite-infected fish. Ten bacterial isolates showed high genetic similarity (98.06–99.85 %) and phylogenetic clustering with known <em>P. shigelloides</em> strains. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed multidrug resistance patterns, with all isolates resistant to trimethoprim, and penicillin. PCR-based screening detected virulence gene <em>astA</em>, <em>actP</em>, and <em>ahpA</em> in 80 %, 90 %, and 70 % of isolates, respectively. Immunological assessment showed significantly elevated serum lysozyme activity in coinfected fish (430–450 ± 25.00 μg/mL) compared to those with parasitic infection alone (200–260 ± 27.00 μg/mL) and uninfected controls (85–120 μg/mL). Histopathological examination revealed extensive intestinal damage, including villous destruction and parasitic penetration into the submucosa. These findings highlight the complex host-parasite-bacteria interactions in <em>B. bajad</em> and underscore potential health risks associated with <em>P. shigelloides</em> coinfection, emphasizing the need for comprehensive monitoring and management strategies in wild fish populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 107365"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advanced genomic research in understanding fish-borne zoonotic parasitic infection

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Microbial pathogenesis

Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107367

Sk Injamamul Islam , Piyanan Taweethavonsawat

Fish-borne zoonotic parasites pose substantial risks to human health and global aquaculture, primarily through raw or undercooked fish consumption. The rapid expansion of aquaculture, increasing global fish trade, and rising human populations have amplified these concerns. Despite widespread awareness of meat-borne zoonoses, fish-borne parasitic infections remain underrecognized, especially in developed countries. Traditional morphological and molecular methods have provided critical foundations for studying these parasites, yet recent genomic advances have revolutionized our understanding of their genetic diversity, biology, and host-pathogen dynamics. This review underscores the significance of integrating genomic approaches with conventional methods to enhance disease surveillance, risk assessment, and control strategies. Harnessing genomic tools will enable the development of effective interventions to mitigate zoonotic parasite impacts, protect human health, and promote sustainable aquaculture. A comprehensive, genomics-driven approach is essential to overcoming the global challenges of fish-borne zoonotic infections.

{"title":"Advanced genomic research in understanding fish-borne zoonotic parasitic infection","authors":"Sk Injamamul Islam , Piyanan Taweethavonsawat","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fish-borne zoonotic parasites pose substantial risks to human health and global aquaculture, primarily through raw or undercooked fish consumption. The rapid expansion of aquaculture, increasing global fish trade, and rising human populations have amplified these concerns. Despite widespread awareness of meat-borne zoonoses, fish-borne parasitic infections remain underrecognized, especially in developed countries. Traditional morphological and molecular methods have provided critical foundations for studying these parasites, yet recent genomic advances have revolutionized our understanding of their genetic diversity, biology, and host-pathogen dynamics. This review underscores the significance of integrating genomic approaches with conventional methods to enhance disease surveillance, risk assessment, and control strategies. Harnessing genomic tools will enable the development of effective interventions to mitigate zoonotic parasite impacts, protect human health, and promote sustainable aquaculture. A comprehensive, genomics-driven approach is essential to overcoming the global challenges of fish-borne zoonotic infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 107367"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of ygaD in mediating polymyxin B resistance in Bacillus subtilis via efflux mechanisms

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Microbial pathogenesis

Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107345

Chongyi Zhao , Ting Zhao , Ying Liu , Xueshan Xia , Xiao Li

Objective

The aim of this study is to analyze the resistance function and mechanism of the putative ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter YgaD against polymyxin B in Bacillus subtilis.

Methods

The interaction between the YgaD protein and the antimicrobial peptide polymyxin B was initially assessed using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. Subsequently, resistance assays and intracellular polymyxin B content measurements were conducted on Bacillus subtilis with a knockout of the ygaD gene and on Escherichia coli with heterologous expression of the ygaD gene to validate the resistance function mediated by the YgaD protein and deduce its potential resistance mechanism.

Results

The results demonstrated that the YgaD protein could form stable complexes with polymyxin B and facilitated its efflux from bacterial cells, thereby reducing its intracellular accumulation and conferring resistance to polymyxin B.

Conclusion

Our study revealed that YgaD regulates polymyxin B resistance in Bacillus subtilis through an efflux mechanism. These findings contribute to the understanding of microbial resistance mechanisms against antimicrobial peptides and provide a theoretical basis for the future design and development of antimicrobial drugs.

{"title":"Role of ygaD in mediating polymyxin B resistance in Bacillus subtilis via efflux mechanisms","authors":"Chongyi Zhao , Ting Zhao , Ying Liu , Xueshan Xia , Xiao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study is to analyze the resistance function and mechanism of the putative ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter YgaD against polymyxin B in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The interaction between the YgaD protein and the antimicrobial peptide polymyxin B was initially assessed using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. Subsequently, resistance assays and intracellular polymyxin B content measurements were conducted on <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> with a knockout of the <em>ygaD</em> gene and on <em>Escherichia coli</em> with heterologous expression of the <em>ygaD</em> gene to validate the resistance function mediated by the YgaD protein and deduce its potential resistance mechanism.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results demonstrated that the YgaD protein could form stable complexes with polymyxin B and facilitated its efflux from bacterial cells, thereby reducing its intracellular accumulation and conferring resistance to polymyxin B.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study revealed that YgaD regulates polymyxin B resistance in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> through an efflux mechanism. These findings contribute to the understanding of microbial resistance mechanisms against antimicrobial peptides and provide a theoretical basis for the future design and development of antimicrobial drugs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 107345"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diversity in the lipidomes of Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton interdigitale and Trichophyton tonsurans, and their phenotypes

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Microbial pathogenesis

Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107362

Khushboo Arya , Sana Akhtar Usmani , Shikha Chandra , Saumya Chaturvedi , Basharat Ali , Mohit Kumar , Nitin Bhardwaj , Manoj Kumar , Naseem Akhtar Gaur , Shivaprakash M. Rudramurthy , Rajendra Prasad , Ashutosh Singh

Despite the prevalence of dermatophytosis which affects a quarter of the world's population, there is a pressing need for innovative and effective treatment strategies. Targeting lipid structures and their biosynthetic pathways has emerged as a promising approach to combat antimicrobial drug-resistant cases. However, our knowledge of Trichophyton-related lipids is rather limited. In this preliminary study, using mass spectrometry approach, we have determined the lipid profiles of three common Trichophyton species, namely T. rubrum, T. tonsurans, and T. interdigitale. The study presents novel findings on the comparative lipid profiles of these Trichophyton species and their observed phenotypes. These data provide a unique reference for future research on lipid homeostasis of Trichophyton-mediated dermatophytosis.

{"title":"Diversity in the lipidomes of Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton interdigitale and Trichophyton tonsurans, and their phenotypes","authors":"Khushboo Arya , Sana Akhtar Usmani , Shikha Chandra , Saumya Chaturvedi , Basharat Ali , Mohit Kumar , Nitin Bhardwaj , Manoj Kumar , Naseem Akhtar Gaur , Shivaprakash M. Rudramurthy , Rajendra Prasad , Ashutosh Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107362","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107362","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the prevalence of dermatophytosis which affects a quarter of the world's population, there is a pressing need for innovative and effective treatment strategies. Targeting lipid structures and their biosynthetic pathways has emerged as a promising approach to combat antimicrobial drug-resistant cases. However, our knowledge of <em>Trichophyton-related</em> lipids is rather limited. In this preliminary study, using mass spectrometry approach, we have determined the lipid profiles of three common <em>Trichophyton</em> species<em>,</em> namely <em>T. rubrum</em>, <em>T. tonsurans</em>, and <em>T. interdigitale.</em> The study presents novel findings on the comparative lipid profiles of these <em>Trichophyton</em> species and their observed phenotypes. These data provide a unique reference for future research on lipid homeostasis of <em>Trichophyton-</em>mediated dermatophytosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 107362"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Cnidium monnieri fruit extract: Prescription optimization, Characterization and antifungal activity

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Microbial pathogenesis

Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.107256

Xinyue Zhang , Minxin Zhang , Huiling Han , Zhenzhen Chen , Aiwen Huang

Currently, the drugs employed to treat superficial fungal infections are encountering challenges, particularly the rise of drug resistance. Numerous studies have suggested that zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) show promise in the realm of antifungal treatment. Green synthesis makes the preparation of ZnO NPs more environmentally friendly and economical. In order to prepare antifungal active nanoparticles with low economic cost and stable performance, zinc oxide nanoparticles (CM-ZnONPs) were synthesized for the first time in this study using zinc sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO₄·7H₂O) with a Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss. (C. monnieri) fruit extract as a reducing agent. In this study, the Box-Behnken design method was used to optimize the manufacturing process of CM-ZnONP. Various techniques, including UV–vis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) were employed to demonstrate the successful preparation of CM-ZnONPs. The Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis indicated that the size of CM-ZnONPs was 53.30 ± 12.89 nm. The dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis showed the size of 157.7 ± 15.57 nm for CM-ZnONPs, along with an average polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.1791 ± 0.1394. The zone of inhibition of CM-ZnONPs against Candida albicans (C. albicans) was demonstrated to be 17.0 ± 0.8 mm by paper diffusion experiments. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CM-ZnONPs against C. albicans was established at 58.59 μg/mL through the microdilution method. In summary, CM-ZnONPs exhibit excellent performance and antifungal activity in various properties. It is expected to be widely produced and used as an effective treatment for superficial fungal infections.

{"title":"Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Cnidium monnieri fruit extract: Prescription optimization, Characterization and antifungal activity","authors":"Xinyue Zhang , Minxin Zhang , Huiling Han , Zhenzhen Chen , Aiwen Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2024.107256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2024.107256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, the drugs employed to treat superficial fungal infections are encountering challenges, particularly the rise of drug resistance. Numerous studies have suggested that zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) show promise in the realm of antifungal treatment. Green synthesis makes the preparation of ZnO NPs more environmentally friendly and economical. In order to prepare antifungal active nanoparticles with low economic cost and stable performance, zinc oxide nanoparticles (CM-ZnONPs) were synthesized for the first time in this study using zinc sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO<sub>4</sub>·7H<sub>2</sub>O) with a <em>Cnidium monnieri</em> (L.) Cuss. (<em>C</em>. <em>monnieri</em>) fruit extract as a reducing agent. In this study, the Box-Behnken design method was used to optimize the manufacturing process of CM-ZnONP. Various techniques, including UV–vis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) were employed to demonstrate the successful preparation of CM-ZnONPs. The Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis indicated that the size of CM-ZnONPs was 53.30 ± 12.89 nm. The dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis showed the size of 157.7 ± 15.57 nm for CM-ZnONPs, along with an average polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.1791 ± 0.1394. The zone of inhibition of CM-ZnONPs against <em>Candida albicans</em> (<em>C. albicans</em>) was demonstrated to be 17.0 ± 0.8 mm by paper diffusion experiments. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CM-ZnONPs against <em>C. albicans</em> was established at 58.59 μg/mL through the microdilution method. In summary, CM-ZnONPs exhibit excellent performance and antifungal activity in various properties. It is expected to be widely produced and used as an effective treatment for superficial fungal infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 107256"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0