Today, the frontier for using data to make business decisions has shifted, and high-performing service companies are building their competitive strategies around data-driven insights that produce impressive business results. In principle, the ever-growing amount of available data would allow for deriving increasingly precise forecasts and optimised input for planning and decision models. However, the complexity resulting from considering large volumes of high-dimensional, fine-grained, and noisy data in mathematical models leads to the fact that dependencies and developments are not found, algorithms do not scale, and traditional statistics as well as data-mining techniques collapse because of the well-known curse of dimensionality. Hence, in order to make big data actionable, the intelligent reduction of vast amounts of data to problemrelevant features is necessary and advances are required at the intersection of economic theories, service management, dimensionality reduction, advanced analytics, robust prediction, and computational methods to solve managerial decisions and planning problems.
{"title":"Data-Driven Decisions in Service Engineering and Management","authors":"Thomas Setzer","doi":"10.18417/emisa.9.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18417/emisa.9.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Today, the frontier for using data to make business decisions has shifted, and high-performing service companies are building their competitive strategies around data-driven insights that produce impressive business results. In principle, the ever-growing amount of available data would allow for deriving increasingly precise forecasts and optimised input for planning and decision models. However, the complexity resulting from considering large volumes of high-dimensional, fine-grained, and noisy data in mathematical models leads to the fact that dependencies and developments are not found, algorithms do not scale, and traditional statistics as well as data-mining techniques collapse because of the well-known curse of dimensionality. Hence, in order to make big data actionable, the intelligent reduction of vast amounts of data to problemrelevant features is necessary and advances are required at the intersection of economic theories, service management, dimensionality reduction, advanced analytics, robust prediction, and computational methods to solve managerial decisions and planning problems.","PeriodicalId":186216,"journal":{"name":"Enterp. Model. Inf. Syst. Archit. Int. J. Concept. Model.","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130034919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Modern communication networks have fueled the creation of massive volumes of data that may be valued as relevant information for business activities. In this paper, we review technologies for enabling and empowering business activities, leveraging the content of this big data. We distinguish between data- and user-related technologies, and study the parallel brought by the overlap of these categories. We show how the trend of Big Data is related to data security and user privacy. We then investigate automated ways of performing data analysis for Business Intelligence. We finally review how groups of users may be seen as a workforce in business through the notion of human computation or crowdsourcing, associated with the notions of trust and reputation. We conclude by discussing emerging trends in the domain.
{"title":"Big Data Management and Analysis for Business Informatics - A Survey","authors":"S. Marchand-Maillet, B. Hofreiter","doi":"10.18417/emisa.9.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18417/emisa.9.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Modern communication networks have fueled the creation of massive volumes of data that may be valued as relevant information for business activities. In this paper, we review technologies for enabling and empowering business activities, leveraging the content of this big data. We distinguish between data- and user-related technologies, and study the parallel brought by the overlap of these categories. We show how the trend of Big Data is related to data security and user privacy. We then investigate automated ways of performing data analysis for Business Intelligence. We finally review how groups of users may be seen as a workforce in business through the notion of human computation or crowdsourcing, associated with the notions of trust and reputation. We conclude by discussing emerging trends in the domain.","PeriodicalId":186216,"journal":{"name":"Enterp. Model. Inf. Syst. Archit. Int. J. Concept. Model.","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131645002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The scope of business processes has been traditionally circumscribed to the industrialisation of enterprise operations. Indeed, Business Process Management (BPM) has focused on relatively mature operations, with the goal of improving performance through automation. However, in today’s world of customer-centricity and individualised services, the richest source of economic value-creation comes from enterprise-customer contacts beyond transactions. The need to make sense of a mass of such touch-points makes process a prevalent and emerging concept in the Front- Office of enterprises, including organisational competences such as marketing operations, customer-relationship management, campaign creation and monitoring, brand management, sales and advisory services, multichannel management, service innovation and management life-cycle, among others. While BPM will continue to make important contributions to the factory of enterprises, the engineering of customer-centric business processes defines a new field of multi-disciplinary work focused on serving customers and improving their experiences. This new domain has been dubbed Business Process Engineering (BPE) in the concert of IEEE Business Informatics. This paper addresses the main characteristics of BPE in comparison with traditional BPM, highlights the importance of process in customer experience as a key goal in Front-Office transformation and suggests a number of new research directions. In particular, the domains of process and information remain today disconnected. Business Informatics is about the study of the information process in organisations and thus, reuniting business process and information in enterprises is a central task in a Business Informatics approach to engineering processes. Among other activities, BPE is chartered to close this gap and to create a suitable business architecture for Front-Office where organisational and customer behaviour should guide and benefit from emerging data analytics techniques.
{"title":"Enabling Front-Office Transformation and Customer Experience through Business Process Engineering","authors":"J. Sanz","doi":"10.18417/emisa.9.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18417/emisa.9.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"The scope of business processes has been traditionally circumscribed to the industrialisation of enterprise operations. Indeed, Business Process Management (BPM) has focused on relatively mature operations, with the goal of improving performance through automation. However, in today’s world of customer-centricity and individualised services, the richest source of economic value-creation comes from enterprise-customer contacts beyond transactions. The need to make sense of a mass of such touch-points makes process a prevalent and emerging concept in the Front- Office of enterprises, including organisational competences such as marketing operations, customer-relationship management, campaign creation and monitoring, brand management, sales and advisory services, multichannel management, service innovation and management life-cycle, among others. While BPM will continue to make important contributions to the factory of enterprises, the engineering of customer-centric business processes defines a new field of multi-disciplinary work focused on serving customers and improving their experiences. This new domain has been dubbed Business Process Engineering (BPE) in the concert of IEEE Business Informatics. This paper addresses the main characteristics of BPE in comparison with traditional BPM, highlights the importance of process in customer experience as a key goal in Front-Office transformation and suggests a number of new research directions. In particular, the domains of process and information remain today disconnected. Business Informatics is about the study of the information process in organisations and thus, reuniting business process and information in enterprises is a central task in a Business Informatics approach to engineering processes. Among other activities, BPE is chartered to close this gap and to create a suitable business architecture for Front-Office where organisational and customer behaviour should guide and benefit from emerging data analytics techniques.","PeriodicalId":186216,"journal":{"name":"Enterp. Model. Inf. Syst. Archit. Int. J. Concept. Model.","volume":"32 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114118011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Effectiveness of comprehensive modelling methods considerably benefits by the availability of appropriate tool support. However, there is a significant semantic gap between a multi-view modelling method and the design of a corresponding modelling tool. The paper at hand contributes to bridge that gap by means of explicitly focusing the early steps in the design process of a modelling tool. The approach presented here comprises three steps: Starting with (1) a modelling scenario, which centres the human modeller, (2) a multi-view modelling principle and use cases of the tool are derived and (3) the conceptual design of a multi-view modelling tool is specified. The approach is introduced in an abstract manner before it is applied to a concrete scenario. This scenario is outlined for the Semantic Object Model (SOM) business process modelling method, depicting a straight way to the design of an appropriate multi-view modelling tool.
{"title":"Bridging the Gap from a Multi-View Modelling Method to the Design of a Multi-View Modelling Tool","authors":"D. Bork, Elmar J. Sinz","doi":"10.18417/emisa.8.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18417/emisa.8.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Effectiveness of comprehensive modelling methods considerably benefits by the availability of appropriate tool support. However, there is a significant semantic gap between a multi-view modelling method and the design of a corresponding modelling tool. The paper at hand contributes to bridge that gap by means of explicitly focusing the early steps in the design process of a modelling tool. The approach presented here comprises three steps: Starting with (1) a modelling scenario, which centres the human modeller, (2) a multi-view modelling principle and use cases of the tool are derived and (3) the conceptual design of a multi-view modelling tool is specified. The approach is introduced in an abstract manner before it is applied to a concrete scenario. This scenario is outlined for the Semantic Object Model (SOM) business process modelling method, depicting a straight way to the design of an appropriate multi-view modelling tool.","PeriodicalId":186216,"journal":{"name":"Enterp. Model. Inf. Syst. Archit. Int. J. Concept. Model.","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128246287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Enterprises need high-quality data in order to meet a number of strategic business requirements. Permanent maintenance and sustainable improvement of data quality can be achieved by an enterprise-wide approach only. The paper presents a Maturity Model for Enterprise Data Quality Management (Enterprise DQM), which aims at supporting enterprises in their eff ort to deliberately design and establish organisation-wide data quality management. The model design process, which covered a period of fi ve years, included several iterations of multiple design and evaluation cycles and intensive collaboration with practitioners. The Maturity Model is a hierarchical model comprising, on its most detailed level, 30 practices and 56 measures that can be used as concrete assessment elements during an appraisal. Besides being used for determining the level of maturity of Enterprise DQM in organisations, the results of the paper contribute to the ongoing discussion in the information systems (IS) community about maturity model design in general.
{"title":"A Maturity Model for Enterprise Data Quality Management","authors":"Martin Ofner, B. Otto, H. Österle","doi":"10.18417/emisa.8.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18417/emisa.8.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Enterprises need high-quality data in order to meet a number of strategic business requirements. Permanent maintenance and sustainable improvement of data quality can be achieved by an enterprise-wide approach only. The paper presents a Maturity Model for Enterprise Data Quality Management (Enterprise DQM), which aims at supporting enterprises in their eff ort to deliberately design and establish organisation-wide data quality management. The model design process, which covered a period of fi ve years, included several iterations of multiple design and evaluation cycles and intensive collaboration with practitioners. The Maturity Model is a hierarchical model comprising, on its most detailed level, 30 practices and 56 measures that can be used as concrete assessment elements during an appraisal. Besides being used for determining the level of maturity of Enterprise DQM in organisations, the results of the paper contribute to the ongoing discussion in the information systems (IS) community about maturity model design in general.","PeriodicalId":186216,"journal":{"name":"Enterp. Model. Inf. Syst. Archit. Int. J. Concept. Model.","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114688570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hanns-Alexander Dietrich, Dominic Breuker, Matthias Steinhorst, Patrick Delfmann, J. Becker
Meta-modelling tools have been proposed to facilitate the development and adoption of domain-specific modelling languages (DSMLs). These languages specify a set of domain-specific concepts and assign diagrammatic representations to them. A considerable amount of work has been done to develop metamodelling tools ensuring syntactical correctness of models created with DSMLs. However, little has been published about the challenges of developing a graphical model editor for meta-modelling tools. Specifying how conceptual elements of a DSML are to be represented graphically is often cumbersome. Moreover, tools are sometimes too inflexible to handle advanced features beyond displaying static icons. Furthermore, graphical representations must be kept consistent in case of reuse in multiple, potentially integrated DSMLs. This paper’s aim is to carve out a set of requirements for graphical model editors as used in meta-modelling tools. We present a conceptual model considering these requirements. Furthermore, we discuss an exemplary software implementation of a model editor.
{"title":"Developing Graphical Model Editors for Meta-Modelling Tools - Requirements, Conceptualisation, and Implementation","authors":"Hanns-Alexander Dietrich, Dominic Breuker, Matthias Steinhorst, Patrick Delfmann, J. Becker","doi":"10.18417/emisa.8.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18417/emisa.8.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Meta-modelling tools have been proposed to facilitate the development and adoption of domain-specific modelling languages (DSMLs). These languages specify a set of domain-specific concepts and assign diagrammatic representations to them. A considerable amount of work has been done to develop metamodelling tools ensuring syntactical correctness of models created with DSMLs. However, little has been published about the challenges of developing a graphical model editor for meta-modelling tools. Specifying how conceptual elements of a DSML are to be represented graphically is often cumbersome. Moreover, tools are sometimes too inflexible to handle advanced features beyond displaying static icons. Furthermore, graphical representations must be kept consistent in case of reuse in multiple, potentially integrated DSMLs. This paper’s aim is to carve out a set of requirements for graphical model editors as used in meta-modelling tools. We present a conceptual model considering these requirements. Furthermore, we discuss an exemplary software implementation of a model editor.","PeriodicalId":186216,"journal":{"name":"Enterp. Model. Inf. Syst. Archit. Int. J. Concept. Model.","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126346135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The management of information technology (IT) as a business has become a crucial factor in today’s complex and dynamic environments. Many firms thus have implemented IT portfolio and enterprise architecture (EA) management practices, and academic research has paid increasing attention to these concepts. However, their integration seems poorly substantiated; this article therefore seeks to answer two main questions: (1) What are differences and common characteristics of IT portfolio and EA management, and in what way can they be integrated? and (2) what factors and types might describe an integrated process design of EA management and project portfolio management in particular? To answer these questions, this study synthesises previous research and surveys EA practitioners to propose an EA management process map, as well as three descriptive factors and four clusters, which provide an integrated process design with project portfolio management. The interrelations with organisational aspects and software tool support are also explored. This article thereby clarifies and systematises the subject area while also offering advice for researchers and practitioners.
{"title":"Integrating IT Portfolio Management with Enterprise Architecture Management","authors":"Daniel Simon, K. Fischbach, D. Schoder","doi":"10.18417/emisa.8.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18417/emisa.8.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"The management of information technology (IT) as a business has become a crucial factor in today’s complex and dynamic environments. Many firms thus have implemented IT portfolio and enterprise architecture (EA) management practices, and academic research has paid increasing attention to these concepts. However, their integration seems poorly substantiated; this article therefore seeks to answer two main questions: (1) What are differences and common characteristics of IT portfolio and EA management, and in what way can they be integrated? and (2) what factors and types might describe an integrated process design of EA management and project portfolio management in particular? To answer these questions, this study synthesises previous research and surveys EA practitioners to propose an EA management process map, as well as three descriptive factors and four clusters, which provide an integrated process design with project portfolio management. The interrelations with organisational aspects and software tool support are also explored. This article thereby clarifies and systematises the subject area while also offering advice for researchers and practitioners.","PeriodicalId":186216,"journal":{"name":"Enterp. Model. Inf. Syst. Archit. Int. J. Concept. Model.","volume":"177 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114432333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The second workshop on Security in Business Processes (SBP’13) was organised in conjunction with the 11th international conference on Business Process Management (BPM 2013). Over 20 participants attended the workshop to present and discuss 6 papers, the insights they offered and the issues they raised. During the half-day workshop, a number of important and emerging issues in this area were discussed from the perspectives of formal methods and security modelling and importance of security properties and requirements in the business processes.
{"title":"Second Workshop on Security in Business Processes - A workshop report","authors":"R. Accorsi, Raimundas Matulevičius","doi":"10.18417/emisa.8.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18417/emisa.8.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"The second workshop on Security in Business Processes (SBP’13) was organised in conjunction with the 11th international conference on Business Process Management (BPM 2013). Over 20 participants attended the workshop to present and discuss 6 papers, the insights they offered and the issues they raised. During the half-day workshop, a number of important and emerging issues in this area were discussed from the perspectives of formal methods and security modelling and importance of security properties and requirements in the business processes.","PeriodicalId":186216,"journal":{"name":"Enterp. Model. Inf. Syst. Archit. Int. J. Concept. Model.","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129460184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Becker, T. Bernhold, D. Beverungen, N. Kaling, R. Knackstedt, V. Lellek, H. Rauer
Productivity models specify input and output factors to inform productivity analyses. Current research and business practice face the challenge of developing a wide range of different productivity models. These models were created simultaneously but isolated from each other. As a consequence thereof, several practices of productivity model construction have emerged. This paper presents a unifying modelling language that lists and interrelates the essential constructs, pertinent to productivity models. Ultimately it was transferred into practice by employing a software tool. The application was conducted in the area of facility management, supporting two different approaches of productivity benchmarking. Facility management features a huge diversity of offered services and bundles. Thus, facility managers cope with various definitions of productivity that are then modelled with our approach.
{"title":"Construction of Productivity Models - A Tool-Supported Approach in the Area of Facility Management","authors":"J. Becker, T. Bernhold, D. Beverungen, N. Kaling, R. Knackstedt, V. Lellek, H. Rauer","doi":"10.18417/emisa.7.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18417/emisa.7.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Productivity models specify input and output factors to inform productivity analyses. Current research and business practice face the challenge of developing a wide range of different productivity models. These models were created simultaneously but isolated from each other. As a consequence thereof, several practices of productivity model construction have emerged. This paper presents a unifying modelling language that lists and interrelates the essential constructs, pertinent to productivity models. Ultimately it was transferred into practice by employing a software tool. The application was conducted in the area of facility management, supporting two different approaches of productivity benchmarking. Facility management features a huge diversity of offered services and bundles. Thus, facility managers cope with various definitions of productivity that are then modelled with our approach.","PeriodicalId":186216,"journal":{"name":"Enterp. Model. Inf. Syst. Archit. Int. J. Concept. Model.","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131309467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development of valid and efficient plans for service provision is a critical success factor for companies. Adequate planning assures the optimal use of resources, customer satisfaction, and the attainment of service targets in an acceptable period of time. Where these plans are incorrect or provide only a small contribution to the objectives of the company, resources are wasted and opportunities are missed. The problem of planning an efficient service provision can be described in the form of tasks that must be scheduled subject to precedence and resource constraints. Consequently, an analysis of existing scheduling models from the perspective of service providers is necessary to use them in the field of service management. The purpose of this paper is to provide a formal description of an actor-oriented model of a service provision that can be used for person-centered simulation. Such a model defines the decision variables and constraints to be determined by a person or a software tool during service management. Finally, we provide insight into the use of a formal model in case of a simulation study.
{"title":"An Actor-Oriented Model of a Service Provision","authors":"S. Tackenberg, S. Duckwitz, C. Schlick","doi":"10.18417/emisa.7.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18417/emisa.7.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"The development of valid and efficient plans for service provision is a critical success factor for companies. Adequate planning assures the optimal use of resources, customer satisfaction, and the attainment of service targets in an acceptable period of time. Where these plans are incorrect or provide only a small contribution to the objectives of the company, resources are wasted and opportunities are missed. The problem of planning an efficient service provision can be described in the form of tasks that must be scheduled subject to precedence and resource constraints. Consequently, an analysis of existing scheduling models from the perspective of service providers is necessary to use them in the field of service management. The purpose of this paper is to provide a formal description of an actor-oriented model of a service provision that can be used for person-centered simulation. Such a model defines the decision variables and constraints to be determined by a person or a software tool during service management. Finally, we provide insight into the use of a formal model in case of a simulation study.","PeriodicalId":186216,"journal":{"name":"Enterp. Model. Inf. Syst. Archit. Int. J. Concept. Model.","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124649295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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