Pub Date : 2020-10-02DOI: 10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249148
Grant G Stagg, R. Harris, Hollis Belnap, A. Hawkins
We describe a device intended for pumping fluids through nanoscale channels. The nanofluidic pump is created from flexible silica membranes grown through chemical vapor deposition and actuated through electrostatic force. A packaging technique using dry film to create fluid interfaces is demonstrated.
{"title":"Nanoscale Electrostatic Membrane Actuation for Nanofluidic Pumping","authors":"Grant G Stagg, R. Harris, Hollis Belnap, A. Hawkins","doi":"10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249148","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a device intended for pumping fluids through nanoscale channels. The nanofluidic pump is created from flexible silica membranes grown through chemical vapor deposition and actuated through electrostatic force. A packaging technique using dry film to create fluid interfaces is demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":186446,"journal":{"name":"2020 Intermountain Engineering, Technology and Computing (IETC)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122456800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-02DOI: 10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249067
B. Ro
Architecture is a historical and cultural production tied to technological advances. This paper explores technology's effect on three different modes of making architecture (pre-mechanical, mechanical, digital) and their associated modes of visual recognition (handmade, machine made, digitally made). It especially makes note of the architectural challenges tied to the current information age and digital culture. The paper concludes with solutions on how to bridge the gaps between the physical and digital realms.
{"title":"Technological Modes of Making Architecture","authors":"B. Ro","doi":"10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249067","url":null,"abstract":"Architecture is a historical and cultural production tied to technological advances. This paper explores technology's effect on three different modes of making architecture (pre-mechanical, mechanical, digital) and their associated modes of visual recognition (handmade, machine made, digitally made). It especially makes note of the architectural challenges tied to the current information age and digital culture. The paper concludes with solutions on how to bridge the gaps between the physical and digital realms.","PeriodicalId":186446,"journal":{"name":"2020 Intermountain Engineering, Technology and Computing (IETC)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122627004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-02DOI: 10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249117
Sujan Ray, Khaldoon Alshouiliy, A. Roy, Ali AlGhamdi, D. Agrawal
In the United States, stroke is the fifth prominent cause of fatality and it is a major reason of serious disability among the adult population [1]. Therefore, it is crucial that we can predict stroke accurately in order to be treated in early stages. Nowadays, use of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms have been in great demand to predict patient's condition in advance and inform the medical staff to avoid the risk of disease progression. Kaggle Healthcare dataset has been widely used by many researchers in this area for developing models for stroke prediction. The dataset has 43,400 instances and 10 features. This paper proposes a method for the analysis and prediction of stroke on the same dataset using Microsoft Azure Machine Learning (AzureML) which is a cloud-based platform. We have applied Chi-Squared test on the dataset for extracting the top features. The experiments are run on AzureML with the top 6 features as well as with all the features. In addition, we compare accuracy between the two models trained by the top 6 features and all the features. The performance of Two-class Decision Jungle with top 6 features has been set as the benchmark in our work. Two-Class Boosted Decision Tree, an ensemble learning method achieves 96.8% accuracy using the top 6 features. Our experimental results show that with the right features, we could improve the accuracy significantly for the stroke prediction, and it also takes less time to train the model.
{"title":"Chi-Squared Based Feature Selection for Stroke Prediction using AzureML","authors":"Sujan Ray, Khaldoon Alshouiliy, A. Roy, Ali AlGhamdi, D. Agrawal","doi":"10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249117","url":null,"abstract":"In the United States, stroke is the fifth prominent cause of fatality and it is a major reason of serious disability among the adult population [1]. Therefore, it is crucial that we can predict stroke accurately in order to be treated in early stages. Nowadays, use of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms have been in great demand to predict patient's condition in advance and inform the medical staff to avoid the risk of disease progression. Kaggle Healthcare dataset has been widely used by many researchers in this area for developing models for stroke prediction. The dataset has 43,400 instances and 10 features. This paper proposes a method for the analysis and prediction of stroke on the same dataset using Microsoft Azure Machine Learning (AzureML) which is a cloud-based platform. We have applied Chi-Squared test on the dataset for extracting the top features. The experiments are run on AzureML with the top 6 features as well as with all the features. In addition, we compare accuracy between the two models trained by the top 6 features and all the features. The performance of Two-class Decision Jungle with top 6 features has been set as the benchmark in our work. Two-Class Boosted Decision Tree, an ensemble learning method achieves 96.8% accuracy using the top 6 features. Our experimental results show that with the right features, we could improve the accuracy significantly for the stroke prediction, and it also takes less time to train the model.","PeriodicalId":186446,"journal":{"name":"2020 Intermountain Engineering, Technology and Computing (IETC)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122978562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-02DOI: 10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249107
Bradley M. Whitaker, David V. Anderson
In this paper, we explore the weaknesses of using sparse coding and nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) on data that has already been processed in a nonlinear manner. The underlying assumption of matrix factorization techniques is that an input signal can be represented as a linear combination of some set of features. This is a valid assumption in many feature extraction tasks, including several audio applications such as source separation and sound scene analysis. However, sparse coding and NMF are often used on data known to be composed of a nonlinear combination of features, such as the magnitude of an audio spectrum. This paper uses two synthetic datasets to probe the ability of linear sparse coding and NMF to discover known features that are combined nonlinearly. Even in a small dataset, common nonlinearities cause interference that prevents the algorithms from recovering the known features. However, we validate the use of NMF and sparse coding in audio applications by demonstrating that the factorization process is more effective at recovering hidden features in a dataset with harmonic structure. Finally, we show that the reconstruction error associated with modeling either dataset can be reduced by taking into account the behavior of a known nonlinearity.
{"title":"Exploring the Effectiveness of Linear Matrix Factorizations After Nonlinear Processing","authors":"Bradley M. Whitaker, David V. Anderson","doi":"10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249107","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we explore the weaknesses of using sparse coding and nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) on data that has already been processed in a nonlinear manner. The underlying assumption of matrix factorization techniques is that an input signal can be represented as a linear combination of some set of features. This is a valid assumption in many feature extraction tasks, including several audio applications such as source separation and sound scene analysis. However, sparse coding and NMF are often used on data known to be composed of a nonlinear combination of features, such as the magnitude of an audio spectrum. This paper uses two synthetic datasets to probe the ability of linear sparse coding and NMF to discover known features that are combined nonlinearly. Even in a small dataset, common nonlinearities cause interference that prevents the algorithms from recovering the known features. However, we validate the use of NMF and sparse coding in audio applications by demonstrating that the factorization process is more effective at recovering hidden features in a dataset with harmonic structure. Finally, we show that the reconstruction error associated with modeling either dataset can be reduced by taking into account the behavior of a known nonlinearity.","PeriodicalId":186446,"journal":{"name":"2020 Intermountain Engineering, Technology and Computing (IETC)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122310491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-02DOI: 10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249212
T. Emery, R. Stevens, Jashod Roy, E. Flores, W. Guthrie
Geotechnical experts have been able to characterize the suction behavior of unsaturated soil through the development of soil-water characteristic curves (SWCCs), which can in turn be used to solve various geotechnical engineering problems related to slope stability, bearing capacity of foundations, seepage, etc. Although considerable progress in the field of unsaturated soil mechanics has been achieved, the suction behavior of cementitiously stabilized soil, which is commonly used in a variety of ground improvement projects, is still not well understood. The objective of this research was to determine the effects of cement and lime stabilization on the SWCC of a clayey subgrade soil sampled from Monticello, Utah. The scope of work included extensive laboratory testing and data analyses. Six samples each of untreated, lime-treated, and cement-treated material were compacted, for a total of 18 samples. SWCC testing was accomplished using filter papers. Stabilization with cement slightly increased the air-entry potential, while stabilization with lime decreased the air-entry potential. However, stabilization with cement or lime consistently increased the pore-size distribution index, indicating a finer soil matrix that would be expected to drain water more slowly and therefore also experience less fluctuation in water content than the untreated soil.
{"title":"Soil-Water Characteristic Curves for Clayey Soil Treated with Cement or Lime","authors":"T. Emery, R. Stevens, Jashod Roy, E. Flores, W. Guthrie","doi":"10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249212","url":null,"abstract":"Geotechnical experts have been able to characterize the suction behavior of unsaturated soil through the development of soil-water characteristic curves (SWCCs), which can in turn be used to solve various geotechnical engineering problems related to slope stability, bearing capacity of foundations, seepage, etc. Although considerable progress in the field of unsaturated soil mechanics has been achieved, the suction behavior of cementitiously stabilized soil, which is commonly used in a variety of ground improvement projects, is still not well understood. The objective of this research was to determine the effects of cement and lime stabilization on the SWCC of a clayey subgrade soil sampled from Monticello, Utah. The scope of work included extensive laboratory testing and data analyses. Six samples each of untreated, lime-treated, and cement-treated material were compacted, for a total of 18 samples. SWCC testing was accomplished using filter papers. Stabilization with cement slightly increased the air-entry potential, while stabilization with lime decreased the air-entry potential. However, stabilization with cement or lime consistently increased the pore-size distribution index, indicating a finer soil matrix that would be expected to drain water more slowly and therefore also experience less fluctuation in water content than the untreated soil.","PeriodicalId":186446,"journal":{"name":"2020 Intermountain Engineering, Technology and Computing (IETC)","volume":"2 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132575812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-02DOI: 10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249094
Daniel McDonald, John Anderson
The researchers combined two lists of 28 favorite “data science experts to follow on Twitter” to seed a Twitter network and analyze whether the recommended experts were indeed amongst the most influential “data science experts” on Twitter. They analyzed the resulting Twitter network to find the most important nodes in terms of popularity, quality of connections, types of roles played, such as bridges, and node ability to quickly spread information. They found that only some of the recommended experts appeared most influential given the network analysis. They also found that the experts on the list landed mainly in two sub-groups. Starting with a writer's favorite list of experts may be helpful in seeding a more comprehensive list.
{"title":"A Data Science Expert Social Network: From Personal Follower List to Social Network Structure","authors":"Daniel McDonald, John Anderson","doi":"10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249094","url":null,"abstract":"The researchers combined two lists of 28 favorite “data science experts to follow on Twitter” to seed a Twitter network and analyze whether the recommended experts were indeed amongst the most influential “data science experts” on Twitter. They analyzed the resulting Twitter network to find the most important nodes in terms of popularity, quality of connections, types of roles played, such as bridges, and node ability to quickly spread information. They found that only some of the recommended experts appeared most influential given the network analysis. They also found that the experts on the list landed mainly in two sub-groups. Starting with a writer's favorite list of experts may be helpful in seeding a more comprehensive list.","PeriodicalId":186446,"journal":{"name":"2020 Intermountain Engineering, Technology and Computing (IETC)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131176916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-02DOI: 10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249140
Peter R. Nyholm, Jared E. Payne, Robert W. Lucas, J. D. Jensen, Ryan T. Beazer, Kevin E. Larson, G. Nielson, S. Schultz
A modified confocal microscope system is developed to place the focal point of a laser beam on the surface of semitransparent media. Resolution of the detected surfaces is shown to be dependent on pinhole size and numerical aperture of the microscope objective used in the confocal system. Detection of front and back surfaces of a sapphire window is demonstrated using a 20 µm pinhole and 0.25 numerical aperture confocal focusing lens.
{"title":"Surface Detection of Semi-Transparent Media Through Modified Confocal Microscopy","authors":"Peter R. Nyholm, Jared E. Payne, Robert W. Lucas, J. D. Jensen, Ryan T. Beazer, Kevin E. Larson, G. Nielson, S. Schultz","doi":"10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249140","url":null,"abstract":"A modified confocal microscope system is developed to place the focal point of a laser beam on the surface of semitransparent media. Resolution of the detected surfaces is shown to be dependent on pinhole size and numerical aperture of the microscope objective used in the confocal system. Detection of front and back surfaces of a sapphire window is demonstrated using a 20 µm pinhole and 0.25 numerical aperture confocal focusing lens.","PeriodicalId":186446,"journal":{"name":"2020 Intermountain Engineering, Technology and Computing (IETC)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125858452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-02DOI: 10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249182
Aaron B Smith, W. Guthrie
To minimize the occurrence of friction loss through polishing, pavements must be constructed from polish-resistant aggregates. Research has shown that limestone aggregates with high concentrations of carbonates are highly susceptible to polishing. Identifying polish-susceptible aggregates in the laboratory before they are placed on the road surface can help reduce accidents and save lives. Seven aggregate sources from nine field sites throughout Utah were identified by the locked-wheel skid trailer (LWST) to have low friction surfaces. A correlation between carbonate content, determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and accelerated polish testing was developed. Additionally, a correlation between field testing and laboratory testing was developed between the results of XRD and LWST testing. The correlations were characterized by high coefficients of determination, indicating that carbonate content is highly correlated to both polish susceptibility and field friction values. These correlations can be used to help reduce risk to the traveling public and predict pavement friction values before placing new asphalt.
{"title":"Correlating Aggregate Polish Susceptibility to Limestone Concentration Using X-Ray Diffraction","authors":"Aaron B Smith, W. Guthrie","doi":"10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249182","url":null,"abstract":"To minimize the occurrence of friction loss through polishing, pavements must be constructed from polish-resistant aggregates. Research has shown that limestone aggregates with high concentrations of carbonates are highly susceptible to polishing. Identifying polish-susceptible aggregates in the laboratory before they are placed on the road surface can help reduce accidents and save lives. Seven aggregate sources from nine field sites throughout Utah were identified by the locked-wheel skid trailer (LWST) to have low friction surfaces. A correlation between carbonate content, determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and accelerated polish testing was developed. Additionally, a correlation between field testing and laboratory testing was developed between the results of XRD and LWST testing. The correlations were characterized by high coefficients of determination, indicating that carbonate content is highly correlated to both polish susceptibility and field friction values. These correlations can be used to help reduce risk to the traveling public and predict pavement friction values before placing new asphalt.","PeriodicalId":186446,"journal":{"name":"2020 Intermountain Engineering, Technology and Computing (IETC)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121543386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-11DOI: 10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249092
Haijian Sun, Qun Wang, Xiang Ma, Yongjun Xu, R. Hu
Mobile edge computing (MEC) is an emerging communication scheme that aims at reducing latency. In this paper, we investigate a green MEC system under the existence of an eavesdropper. We use computation efficiency, which is defined as the total number of bits computed divided by the total energy consumption, as our main metric. To alleviate stringent latency requirement, a joint secure offloading and computation model is proposed. Additionally, we formulate an optimization problem for maximizing computation efficiency, under several practical constraints. The non-convex problem is tackled by successive convex approximation and an iterative algorithm. Simulation results have verified the superiority of our proposed scheme, as well as the effectiveness of our problem solution.
{"title":"Towards Green Mobile Edge Computing Offloading Systems with Security Enhancement","authors":"Haijian Sun, Qun Wang, Xiang Ma, Yongjun Xu, R. Hu","doi":"10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249092","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile edge computing (MEC) is an emerging communication scheme that aims at reducing latency. In this paper, we investigate a green MEC system under the existence of an eavesdropper. We use computation efficiency, which is defined as the total number of bits computed divided by the total energy consumption, as our main metric. To alleviate stringent latency requirement, a joint secure offloading and computation model is proposed. Additionally, we formulate an optimization problem for maximizing computation efficiency, under several practical constraints. The non-convex problem is tackled by successive convex approximation and an iterative algorithm. Simulation results have verified the superiority of our proposed scheme, as well as the effectiveness of our problem solution.","PeriodicalId":186446,"journal":{"name":"2020 Intermountain Engineering, Technology and Computing (IETC)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130593639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-12DOI: 10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249181
Waseem Sheikh, Nadeem Sheikh
Around 466 million people worldwide (over 5% of the world's population) have disabling hearing loss, and out of these 34 million are children. Estimates suggest that by 2050, over 900 million people worldwide will have disabling hearing loss. The annual global cost of unaddressed hearing loss amounts to US$ 750 billion. Early detection of hearing loss can reduce its impact on an individual's life in addition to saving a huge cost. This paper, the second in a series of three papers, presents the type dependency architecture of an open-source application framework for hearing impairment diagnosis. The framework is built using the Model-View-ViewModel (MVVM) pattern which separates the development of graphical user interface (GUI) from the development of business and back-end logic. Some of the benefits of the MVVM pattern include reusable components, independent development of GUI and business or back-end logic, flexibility to modify GUI without having to change business or back-end logic, ease of unit testing, and reduced maintenance overhead. The proposed framework along with the open-source code makes it possible to easily extend the application functionality thus enabling other researchers and practitioners to develop their own versions of hearing loss diagnosis applications. The proposed software was evaluated by an otolaryngologist and found to be very beneficial in assisting a clinician to reach a hearing impairment diagnosis conclusion more methodically, swiftly and accurately.
{"title":"A Model-View-ViewModel (MVVM) Application Framework for Hearing Impairment Diagnosis - Type Dependency Architecture","authors":"Waseem Sheikh, Nadeem Sheikh","doi":"10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IETC47856.2020.9249181","url":null,"abstract":"Around 466 million people worldwide (over 5% of the world's population) have disabling hearing loss, and out of these 34 million are children. Estimates suggest that by 2050, over 900 million people worldwide will have disabling hearing loss. The annual global cost of unaddressed hearing loss amounts to US$ 750 billion. Early detection of hearing loss can reduce its impact on an individual's life in addition to saving a huge cost. This paper, the second in a series of three papers, presents the type dependency architecture of an open-source application framework for hearing impairment diagnosis. The framework is built using the Model-View-ViewModel (MVVM) pattern which separates the development of graphical user interface (GUI) from the development of business and back-end logic. Some of the benefits of the MVVM pattern include reusable components, independent development of GUI and business or back-end logic, flexibility to modify GUI without having to change business or back-end logic, ease of unit testing, and reduced maintenance overhead. The proposed framework along with the open-source code makes it possible to easily extend the application functionality thus enabling other researchers and practitioners to develop their own versions of hearing loss diagnosis applications. The proposed software was evaluated by an otolaryngologist and found to be very beneficial in assisting a clinician to reach a hearing impairment diagnosis conclusion more methodically, swiftly and accurately.","PeriodicalId":186446,"journal":{"name":"2020 Intermountain Engineering, Technology and Computing (IETC)","volume":"175 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122925402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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