{"title":"Geochemistry and Li isotopes of micas: implications for granitic magma evolution and fluid exsolution at the Laiziling Sn-polymetallic deposit in southern Hunan Province (South China)","authors":"Kaixuan Li, Sheng Huang, Cheng-Biao Leng, Ruyi Zhao, Dazhao Wang, Xianping Luo","doi":"10.1007/s00126-025-01425-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-025-01425-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18682,"journal":{"name":"Mineralium Deposita","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145902445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1007/s00126-025-01376-6
Christian S Bishop, Anna Lichtschlag, Stephen Roberts, Maxime Lesage, Bramley J Murton
Secondary Fe-oxyhydroxide (FeOOH) forms at seafloor massive sulphide (SMS) deposits through the oxidation of sulphide minerals by oxygenated seawater. Secondary FeOOH deposits are enriched in economically important metals, such as Cu and Zn, potentially representing an additional resource. However, how the metal content of secondary FeOOH evolves through post-formational modification at the seafloor, is poorly understood. Moreover, FeOOH can form as metal-poor primary precipitates, but our knowledge is insufficient to effectively discriminate between primary and secondary FeOOH at SMS deposits. At the Mid-Atlantic Ridge hosted Semenov hydrothermal field, primary FeOOH deposits are typically metal-depleted (< 0.4 wt% Cu + Ni + Zn, n = 6) and form layered chimney structures with alternating Mn-oxide and FeOOH bands, with the fluid conduit lined with green smectite. In contrast, secondary FeOOH deposits are enriched in Cu, averaging 2.40 wt% (n = 31), and exhibit diverse textural morphologies including chimney, brecciated, layered, ochre, ocherous and massive, inherited from the sulphide protolith. Secondary FeOOH behaves similarly to terrestrial gossans, acting as a metal trap through sorption or precipitation of metals released during underlying sulphide oxidation. A correlation between the Cu content of secondary FeOOH and that of sulphide suggests its potential use as a geochemical vector in exploration. Finally, the Cu content in the secondary FeOOH remains stable even under prolonged exposure to seawater at the seafloor, indicating that older, off-axis, buried and oxidised SMS deposits may still contain secondary FeOOH with appreciable amounts of Cu. Overall this study demonstrates the potential of secondary FeOOH as a potential metal resource and a tool to guide exploration at SMS deposits.
Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00126-025-01376-6.
{"title":"Fe-oxyhydroxide deposits at Semenov hydrothermal field (13°30'N), Mid-Atlantic ridge: insights into formation, modification and resource potential.","authors":"Christian S Bishop, Anna Lichtschlag, Stephen Roberts, Maxime Lesage, Bramley J Murton","doi":"10.1007/s00126-025-01376-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00126-025-01376-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Secondary Fe-oxyhydroxide (FeOOH) forms at seafloor massive sulphide (SMS) deposits through the oxidation of sulphide minerals by oxygenated seawater. Secondary FeOOH deposits are enriched in economically important metals, such as Cu and Zn, potentially representing an additional resource. However, how the metal content of secondary FeOOH evolves through post-formational modification at the seafloor, is poorly understood. Moreover, FeOOH can form as metal-poor primary precipitates, but our knowledge is insufficient to effectively discriminate between primary and secondary FeOOH at SMS deposits. At the Mid-Atlantic Ridge hosted Semenov hydrothermal field, primary FeOOH deposits are typically metal-depleted (< 0.4 wt% Cu + Ni + Zn, <i>n</i> = 6) and form layered chimney structures with alternating Mn-oxide and FeOOH bands, with the fluid conduit lined with green smectite. In contrast, secondary FeOOH deposits are enriched in Cu, averaging 2.40 wt% (<i>n</i> = 31), and exhibit diverse textural morphologies including chimney, brecciated, layered, ochre, ocherous and massive, inherited from the sulphide protolith. Secondary FeOOH behaves similarly to terrestrial gossans, acting as a metal trap through sorption or precipitation of metals released during underlying sulphide oxidation. A correlation between the Cu content of secondary FeOOH and that of sulphide suggests its potential use as a geochemical vector in exploration. Finally, the Cu content in the secondary FeOOH remains stable even under prolonged exposure to seawater at the seafloor, indicating that older, off-axis, buried and oxidised SMS deposits may still contain secondary FeOOH with appreciable amounts of Cu. Overall this study demonstrates the potential of secondary FeOOH as a potential metal resource and a tool to guide exploration at SMS deposits.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00126-025-01376-6.</p>","PeriodicalId":18682,"journal":{"name":"Mineralium Deposita","volume":"61 2","pages":"257-279"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12858624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146106334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-27DOI: 10.1007/s00126-025-01420-5
Yan Gao, Victor P. Nechaev, James C. Hower, Jingjing Liu, Wenhua Li, Shifeng Dai, Zhengfu Zhao, Mengda Yao, Hao Li
{"title":"Germanium enrichment in coal-hosted germanium deposits: evidence from in-situ sulfur and iron isotopes of pyrite in the Wulantuga germanium deposit, Inner Mongolia, China","authors":"Yan Gao, Victor P. Nechaev, James C. Hower, Jingjing Liu, Wenhua Li, Shifeng Dai, Zhengfu Zhao, Mengda Yao, Hao Li","doi":"10.1007/s00126-025-01420-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-025-01420-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18682,"journal":{"name":"Mineralium Deposita","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145836235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1007/s00126-025-01415-2
Nicolas Mériaud, Nicolas Thébaud, Quentin Masurel, Steffen Hagemann, Laure A.J. Martin, Leonid Danyushevsky, Paul Olin
{"title":"Coupling whole-rock geochemistry with trace elements and S-isotope analyses of pyrite to unravel distinct precipitation processes responsible for the Yaouré gold deposit formation (Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa)","authors":"Nicolas Mériaud, Nicolas Thébaud, Quentin Masurel, Steffen Hagemann, Laure A.J. Martin, Leonid Danyushevsky, Paul Olin","doi":"10.1007/s00126-025-01415-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-025-01415-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18682,"journal":{"name":"Mineralium Deposita","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145796038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Controls of Early Jurassic Paleo-Pacific plate subduction on tectono-mineralization in the eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt: evidence from copper and gold mineralization","authors":"Weipeng Liu, Xiaohui Zeng, Bizheng Yang, Xinran Ni, Xingmin Zhang, Zhendong Tian, Changzhou Deng","doi":"10.1007/s00126-025-01411-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-025-01411-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18682,"journal":{"name":"Mineralium Deposita","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145752819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Two-stage melt extraction model for the Laiziling rare metal granites related to Sn-Nb–Ta mineralization in the Xianghualing ore district, South China","authors":"Bei-Er Guo, Kui-Dong Zhao, Yi-Qu Xiong, Qian Li, Shao-Yong Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s00126-025-01417-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-025-01417-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18682,"journal":{"name":"Mineralium Deposita","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145752820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1007/s00126-025-01412-5
George N.D. Case
{"title":"A time-space model of graphite mineral systems","authors":"George N.D. Case","doi":"10.1007/s00126-025-01412-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-025-01412-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18682,"journal":{"name":"Mineralium Deposita","volume":"166 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145752821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-10DOI: 10.1007/s00126-025-01413-4
Allen K. Andersen, M. Christopher Jenkins
Exploration continues for contact-style Ni-Cu sulfide and chromitite-associated PGE mineralization in ultramafic rocks of the Stillwater Complex. At the Iron and Chrome Mountain areas, massive sulfides occur along the complex’s footwall contact and anomalous concentrations of PGE+Au are associated with the three lowermost chromitite seams. Southeast of Chrome Mountain, magmatic layering is highly disrupted by the presence of faults, magmatic breccias, serpentinized discordant dunites, pyroxenite pegmatoids, and disaggregated chromitite seams. The bulk rock chemistry, sulfide chemistry, and noble metal mineralogy of samples from this area were examined to determine the deportment of PGE and processes that led to enrichments in PGE, Au, Cu, Co and Ni. Results show that a sulfide liquid was the principal collector of PGE. If sulfide liquid was initially deposited with chromite, it was disaggregated or redistributed by subsequent melt or fluid infiltration, which may have resulted in the offset of peak PGE(+Cu, Ni) from peak Cr 2 O 3 concentrations, and upgraded PGE tenors. Upon cooling, PGE exsolved from sulfides to form discrete bismuth tellurides, arsenides, arsenic sulfides, antimonides, and alloys, commonly along the margins of sulfide globules. Calculated metal tenors are highest in the disseminated sulfides southwest of Chrome Mountain, whereas massive and net-textured sulfides near the Iron Mountain-Camp zone represent monosulfide solid solution cumulates. At progressively shallower levels, higher metal tenors combined with lower S/Se ratios are consistent with increasing R-factors from 100 to 100,000. Serpentinization and talc-tremolite alteration resulted in S loss through partial replacement of sulfides by secondary silicate+carbonate+magnetite+sulfide assemblages, further upgrading Ni-Cu-PGE tenors. The present work shows that processes responsible for the disruption of magmatic layering and post-magmatic fluid alteration along the intrusion’s lower contact led to noble and base metal enrichments.
{"title":"Noble and base metal distribution and processes affecting ore tenors in the disrupted lower stratigraphy of the Stillwater Complex, USA","authors":"Allen K. Andersen, M. Christopher Jenkins","doi":"10.1007/s00126-025-01413-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-025-01413-4","url":null,"abstract":"Exploration continues for contact-style Ni-Cu sulfide and chromitite-associated PGE mineralization in ultramafic rocks of the Stillwater Complex. At the Iron and Chrome Mountain areas, massive sulfides occur along the complex’s footwall contact and anomalous concentrations of PGE+Au are associated with the three lowermost chromitite seams. Southeast of Chrome Mountain, magmatic layering is highly disrupted by the presence of faults, magmatic breccias, serpentinized discordant dunites, pyroxenite pegmatoids, and disaggregated chromitite seams. The bulk rock chemistry, sulfide chemistry, and noble metal mineralogy of samples from this area were examined to determine the deportment of PGE and processes that led to enrichments in PGE, Au, Cu, Co and Ni. Results show that a sulfide liquid was the principal collector of PGE. If sulfide liquid was initially deposited with chromite, it was disaggregated or redistributed by subsequent melt or fluid infiltration, which may have resulted in the offset of peak PGE(+Cu, Ni) from peak Cr <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> O <jats:sub>3</jats:sub> concentrations, and upgraded PGE tenors. Upon cooling, PGE exsolved from sulfides to form discrete bismuth tellurides, arsenides, arsenic sulfides, antimonides, and alloys, commonly along the margins of sulfide globules. Calculated metal tenors are highest in the disseminated sulfides southwest of Chrome Mountain, whereas massive and net-textured sulfides near the Iron Mountain-Camp zone represent monosulfide solid solution cumulates. At progressively shallower levels, higher metal tenors combined with lower S/Se ratios are consistent with increasing R-factors from 100 to 100,000. Serpentinization and talc-tremolite alteration resulted in S loss through partial replacement of sulfides by secondary silicate+carbonate+magnetite+sulfide assemblages, further upgrading Ni-Cu-PGE tenors. The present work shows that processes responsible for the disruption of magmatic layering and post-magmatic fluid alteration along the intrusion’s lower contact led to noble and base metal enrichments.","PeriodicalId":18682,"journal":{"name":"Mineralium Deposita","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145711459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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