Medycyna pracy最新文献_第7页

[Use of the posturography in balance system evaluation in occupational medicine]. 体位照相在职业医学平衡系统评价中的应用

IF 1 4区医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Medycyna pracy

Pub Date : 2022-04-06 DOI: 10.13075/mp.5893.01164

E. Zamysłowska-Szmytke, M. Janc, Krzysztof Ławnicki, M. Śliwińska-Kowalska

BACKGROUNDThe posturography test allows assessment of the entire function of balance system and quantitative, device-based verification of the clinical Romberg test. Therefore, the aim of this study is assessment of usefulness of posturography as primary test for balance disorders in occupational medicine.MATERIAL AND METHODSThe study is cross-sectional, analyzing anonymous results of 1030 patients reporting dizziness and balance disorders. Based on symptoms, clinical examination and videonystagmography patients were classified into subgroups: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV [N = 130]), non compensated (NS [N = 82]) and compensated (S [N = 174]) peripheral vestibular, bilateral vestibular (BV [N = 63]), Ménière's disease (MD [N = 53]), central dizziness (central [N = 293]), migraine (migr. [N = 132]), psychogenic dizziness (psychog. [N = 232]), Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD [N = 150]). Besides, 129 healthy people were included in the study.RESULTSNinety nine percent of abnormal static posturography (SP) and 94% of abnormal dynamic posturography (PD) results were found in diseased patients. Normal results were found both in healthy group (59% PS, 67% PD) and in diseased group (24% PS, 31% PD). Static posturography's abnormal results were more frequent in NS, BV and PPPD patients. In PD the differences were visible in the central, psychog. and PPPD subgroups. In NS subgroup the high negative predictive values of static and dynamic tests (82-87%) were calculated in relation to caloric test.CONCLUSIONSStatic tests are the basic test used in examinations of employees for occupational medicine purposes. Posturography is a quantitative record of sways in relation to normative values. Abnormal posturography results most likely indicate the presence of pathologies of the balance system, including psychofunctional disorders. Normal posturography results do not indicate the lack of pathology of balance system what should be included in the work ability assessment. Med Pr. 2022;73(2).

背景:姿势测试可以评估平衡系统的整个功能，并对临床Romberg测试进行定量的、基于设备的验证。因此，本研究的目的是评估姿势摄影作为职业医学平衡障碍的主要测试的有用性。材料和方法该研究是横断面的，分析了1030名报告头晕和平衡障碍的患者的匿名结果。根据症状、临床检查和超声心动图将患者分为良性阵发性体位性眩晕(BPPV [N = 130])、非代偿性体位性眩晕(NS [N = 82])和代偿性体位性眩晕(S [N = 174])外周前庭、双侧前庭(BV [N = 63])、msamimni病(MD [N = 53])、中枢性眩晕(中枢性眩晕[N = 293])、偏头痛(偏头痛)。[N = 132])、心因性头晕(psychog。[N = 232])、持续性体位知觉头晕(PPPD [N = 150])。此外，研究还包括129名健康人。结果病变患者的静态姿势(SP)异常占99%，动态姿势(PD)异常占94%。健康组(59% PS, 67% PD)和病变组(24% PS, 31% PD)结果均正常。静态体位摄影异常以NS、BV和PPPD患者多见。在帕金森病中，这种差异在中枢、心理和神经系统方面是明显的。PPPD亚组。在NS亚组中，静态和动态试验的高阴性预测值(82-87%)与热量试验相关。结论静态测试是职业医学从业人员体检的基本测试方法。姿势学是与规范值相关的摇摆的定量记录。异常的姿势照相结果很可能表明平衡系统的病理存在，包括精神功能障碍。正常体位检查结果并不表明缺乏平衡系统的病理，而平衡系统的病理应包括在工作能力评估中。中国生物医学工程学报，2012;33(2)。

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引用次数: 1

[The frequency of positive results of serological tests against SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers in Upper Silesia Metropolitan Area, Poland]. [波兰上西里西亚大都市区卫生保健工作者SARS-CoV-2血清学检测阳性结果的频率]。

IF 1 4区医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Medycyna pracy

Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.13075/mp.5893.01221

M. Wojczyk, M. Kowalska

BACKGROUNDSilesia is one of the regions in Poland most affected by the COVID-19 epidemic. The high number of infections among the inhabitants of the region increases the already high risk of infection of SARS-CoV-2 virus of medical workers who, due to their work, are more likely to be exposed to people with SARS-CoV-2 than people from the general population. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers in the Upper Silesia Metropolitan Area based on the results of a seroepidemiological study.MATERIAL AND METHODSThe seroepidemiological study was carried out in October- November 2020 among the inhabitants of the Upper Silesia Metropolitan Area (including medical professionals who were selected, creating a research group of healthcare workers). Apart from the questionnaire examination necessary to determine the declared symptoms, circumstances and risk factors conducive to infection, the level of specific antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the IgG and IgM class was assessed.RESULTSIn the study participated 575 people declaring their medical profession. A positive test for the presence of IgG antibodies was confirmed in 19.1% of the respondents, while a positive test for IgM concerned 4.3% of the subjects. The most common positive results indicating infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus concerned people declaring prior contact with an infected person (p = 0.001) and those undergoing quarantine (p < 0.0001).CONCLUSIONSThe frequency of SARS-CoV-2 virus infections in medical personnel in the Upper Silesia Metropolitan Area, assessed on the basis of a positive IgG antibody test result, was 16.1-22.5%. Med Pr. 2022;73(2).

背景西里西亚是波兰受新冠肺炎疫情影响最严重的地区之一。该地区居民中的高感染人数增加了医务工作者感染严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型的高风险，因为他们的工作，他们比普通人群更容易接触到严重急性呼吸系综合征冠状病毒。本研究的目的是根据血清流行病学研究的结果，评估上西里西亚大都会区医护人员中严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型感染的流行率。材料和方法这项血清流行病学研究于2020年10月至11月在上西里西亚大都会区的居民中进行（包括被选中的医疗专业人员，成立了一个医疗工作者研究小组）。除了确定宣布的症状、情况和有利于感染的风险因素所需的问卷调查外，还评估了IgG和IgM类中针对严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型的特异性抗体水平。结果在这项研究中，575人参与了他们的医学职业申报。19.1%的受访者的IgG抗体检测呈阳性，而4.3%的受试者的IgM检测呈阳性。表明感染严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型的最常见阳性结果涉及宣布与感染者有过接触的人（p=0.001）和接受隔离的人（p<0.0001），为16.1-22.5%。Med Pr.2022；73（2）。

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引用次数: 3

[Resorcinol - determination method in the workplace air]. [间苯二酚-工作场所空气中间苯二酚的测定方法]。

IF 1 4区医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Medycyna pracy

Pub Date : 2022-04-04 DOI: 10.13075/mp.5893.01150

A. Jeżewska, D. Kondej

BACKGROUNDResorcinol (1,3-dihydroxybenzene) is a white solid used in rubber, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, paints and varnishes and other industries. Resorcinol is a harmful, irritant, methemoglobin-forming and hemolytic substance. It can cause kidney and liver damage. The aim of the study was to develop a method for the determination of resorcinol in the workplace air, which would enable the determination of its concentrations in the range 0.1-2 of the MAC (maximum allowable concentration) value.MATERIAL AND METHODSThe method relies on passing the test air containing resorcinol through a cellulose filter, extraction with aqueous methanol solution and chromatographic analysis of the obtained solution. The tests were performed using a liquid chromatograph (HPLC) 1200 series of Agilent Technologies with a diode array detector (DAD). The determinations were carried out using an Allure Basix column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm granulation). The procedure was validated according to European Standard PN-EN 482.RESULTSThe developed method allows the determination of resorcinol in the workplace air in the concentration range of 4.5-90 mg/m3. The limit of detection is 0.087 μg/ml, the precision 5.16% and the relative expanded uncertainty 22.6%. The method described enables selective determination of resorcinol in workplace air in the presence of 1,2-dihydroxybenzene, 1,4-dihydroxybenzene, benzene and phenol.CONCLUSIONSThe method is characterized by good precision and accuracy; it meets the requirements of the European Standard PN-EN 482, and can be used by occupational hygiene laboratories to measure concentrations of resorcinol in workplace air to assess workers' exposure to this substance. Med Pr. 2022;73(2).

间苯二酚(1,3-二羟基苯)是一种白色固体，用于橡胶、制药、化妆品、油漆和清漆等行业。间苯二酚是一种有害的、刺激性的、形成高铁血红蛋白和溶血物质。它会导致肾脏和肝脏损伤。本研究的目的是开发一种测定工作场所空气中间苯二酚的方法，使其浓度在MAC(最大允许浓度)值的0.1-2范围内。材料和方法该方法依赖于将含有间苯二酚的测试空气通过纤维素过滤器，用甲醇水溶液提取，并对所得溶液进行色谱分析。采用安捷伦科技公司的1200系列液相色谱仪(HPLC)和二极管阵列检测器(DAD)进行检测。采用Allure Basix色谱柱(250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm)进行测定。按照欧洲标准PN-EN 482进行验证。结果本方法可测定工作场所空气中间苯二酚的浓度范围为4.5 ~ 90 mg/m3。检出限为0.087 μg/ml，精密度5.16%，相对扩展不确定度22.6%。所描述的方法可以选择性地测定工作场所空气中存在1,2-二羟基苯、1,4-二羟基苯、苯和苯酚的间苯二酚。结论该方法精密度、准确度好;它符合欧洲标准PN-EN 482的要求，可用于职业卫生实验室测量工作场所空气中间苯二酚的浓度，以评估工人对该物质的暴露。中国生物医学工程学报，2012;33(2)。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of two recovery methods on the leg muscle fatigue of oceanauts in a manned submersible. 两种恢复方法对载人潜水器航天员腿部肌肉疲劳的影响。

IF 1 4区医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Medycyna pracy

Pub Date : 2022-03-29 DOI: 10.13075/mp.5893.01211

Dengkai Chen, Mengya Zhu, Yu Fan, Jingluan Wang

BACKGROUNDThe cabin of the manned submersible is a narrow and sealed space. The long-time work of oceanauts is easy to cause muscle fatigue and stiffness, which reduces efficiency. This paper explored the relative more effective way to relieve leg muscle fatigue of the oceanauts in the manned submersible.MATERIAL AND METHODSTwenty healthy young people with an average age of 24 years were selected as the participants, while the usual natural relaxation and the stretching method proposed by the surveys were selected as the relieve method for muscle fatigue. This study compared the effects of the 2 recovery ways using the electromyography data from the quadriceps femoris and biceps femoris, and the subjective scales.RESULTSWith the support of data of integral electromyogram (iEMG), root-mean-square (RMS), subjective scales, authors finally found that the 2 muscles of the leg are fatigued significantly, and biceps femoris has more accumulation of fatigue. Although the 2 recovery ways have a significant relief effect on muscle fatigue, the stretching method can reduce more muscle fatigue in a short period of time, especially for biceps femoris. The stretching method is advocated for the oceanauts.CONCLUSIONSThe findings suggested that the stretching method was optimal for relieving the muscle fatigue of the oceanauts during the operation. Med Pr. 2022;73(2).

载人潜水器的船舱是一个狭窄而密封的空间。海员长时间工作容易造成肌肉疲劳和僵硬，降低工作效率。本文探讨了缓解载人潜水器中船员腿部肌肉疲劳的较为有效的方法。材料与方法选择平均年龄为24岁的健康青年20人作为研究对象，选择常用的自然放松法和调查提出的拉伸法作为肌肉疲劳的缓解方法。本研究利用股四头肌和股二头肌肌电图数据和主观量表比较了两种恢复方式的效果。结果在积分肌电图(iEMG)、均方根(RMS)、主观量表等数据的支持下，笔者最终发现腿部2块肌肉疲劳明显，且股二头肌疲劳积累较多。虽然这两种恢复方式对肌肉疲劳都有明显的缓解作用，但拉伸法可以在短时间内减少更多的肌肉疲劳，特别是对于股二头肌。提倡对海员使用拉伸法。结论拉伸法是缓解海员作业过程中肌肉疲劳的最佳方法。中国生物医学工程学报，2012;33(2)。

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引用次数: 0

Healthcare workers highly affected during the COVID-19 epidemic wave in Poland prior to vaccination availability: seroprevalence study. 波兰新冠肺炎疫情期间，在疫苗接种前，医护人员受到严重影响：血清流行率研究。

IF 1 4区医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Medycyna pracy

Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.13075/mp.5893.01216

M. Rosińska, Małgorzata Stępień, Wioleta Kitowska, M. Milczarek, G. Juszczyk, Zuzanna Nowacka, Aneta Gardel, Adam Hermann, Aneta Bardoń-Błaszkowska, R. Cudnik, Hanna Czubak, Magdalena Wolniak-Bińkowska, Izabella Anna Źródłowska, M. Sadkowska-Todys

BACKGROUNDThe aim of the study was to assess seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among healthcare workers (HCW) before introduction of vaccination, in selected areas in Poland as well as to identify potential risk factors and estimate the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 infections in this population.MATERIAL AND METHODSThe authors conducted a sero-epidemiological, cross-sectional study among HCW of 5 non-COVID-19 hospitals in Poland. The recruitment took place in December 1-23, 2020, all HCW at selected hospitals could volunteer into the study. All persons were screened with rapid SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG tests in capillary blood. In case of positive result, 5 ml of venous blood was drawn for confirmatory testing with ELISA assay. The authors estimated prevalence of laboratory confirmed anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody presence and examined factors associated with positive result. Cumulative incidence was estimated applying 2-source capture-recapture method to serology results and self-report of past infection.RESULTSOut of 1040 HCW included in the analysis, one-fourth (25.2%) received a positive result for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies by ELISA test, the prevalence among women was 25.3% (95% CI: 22.5-28.4) and 24.6% (95% CI: 19-31.2) among men. The prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was the highest among respondents who declared home contact with a confirmed COVID-19 case, 43.9% (95% CI: 32.4-56.1). It was also elevated among those who indicated contact with patients with COVID-19, 32.5% (95% CI: 26.7-38.8) and business contacts, including at the workplace, 28.9% (95% CI: 22.5-36.3). The estimated cumulative incidence of COVID-19 infections in the population, using the capture-recapture method was 41.2% (95% CI: 38.1-44.2).CONCLUSIONSHealthcare workers remained at increased risk of infection largely due to work-related contacts with infected patients, although home exposure was also common. Estimated cumulative incidence is higher than the antibody prevalence, which indicates the need to monitor HCW for possible immunity waning, also post-immunization immunity. Med Pr. 2022;73(2).

背景本研究的目的是评估波兰选定地区在接种疫苗前医护人员（HCW）中抗SARS-CoV-2抗体的血清流行率，并确定潜在的风险因素，估计该人群中新冠肺炎感染的累计发病率。材料和方法作者对波兰5家非COVID-19医院的HCW进行了血清流行病学、横断面研究。招募于2020年12月1日至23日进行，选定医院的所有HCW都可以自愿参加这项研究。所有人都通过毛细管血中的快速严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型IgM/IgG测试进行了筛查。在阳性结果的情况下，抽取5毫升静脉血进行ELISA检测。作者估计了实验室确认的抗严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型抗体的存在率，并检查了与阳性结果相关的因素。应用双源捕获-再捕获方法对血清学结果和既往感染的自我报告进行累积发病率估计。结果在纳入分析的1040名HCW中，四分之一（25.2%）的人通过ELISA检测获得了抗严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型抗体的阳性结果，女性的患病率为25.3%（95%可信区间：22.5-28.4），男性为24.6%（95%置信区间：19-31.2）。在宣布与新冠肺炎确诊病例有家庭接触的受访者中，抗SARS-CoV-2抗体的流行率最高，为43.9%（95%CI:32.4-56.1）。在表示与新冠肺炎患者有接触的受访者、32.5%（95%CI:26.7-38.8）和包括工作场所在内的商业接触者中，28.9%（95%CI:22.5-36.3）。使用捕获方法估计人群中新冠肺炎感染的累计发病率为41.2%（95%CI:38.1-44.2）。结论医护人员感染风险仍然增加，主要是由于与感染患者的工作接触，尽管在家暴露也很常见。估计的累积发病率高于抗体流行率，这表明需要监测HCW是否可能出现免疫力下降，以及免疫后免疫力。Med Pr.2022；73（2）。

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引用次数: 5

Androgen receptor modulation and bladder cancer prevention - a short review. 雄激素受体调节与膀胱癌预防——综述。

IF 1 4区医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Medycyna pracy

Pub Date : 2022-03-14 DOI: 10.13075/mp.5893.01229

E. Wieczorek, A. Farooqi, E. Reszka

The prevalence of bladder cancer (BCa) is 4 times higher in men as compared to women, and gender differences have been the focus of attention for few years. Androgen receptor (AR) may be a putative explanation for gender differences. It may also be related to unfavourable BCa progression and development because of the increased androgen sensitivity of urothelium to carcinogens. Moreover, cigarette smoking and occupational exposure to carcinogens have been reported to play contributory roles with the highest attributable risk of BCa. In this review, the authors attempt to summarize the seminal research works that synthesized current understanding of the central role of AR in the negative regulation of carcinogen detoxification activity in BCa. In particular, the authors discuss the regulatory effects of 3,3'-diindolylmethane on AR gene transcription through microRNA as its suggested effect on the prevention of BCa. Moreover, to show the still existing problem of occupational exposure and BCa incidence, the authors review recent studies in this area. Based on the rapidly accumulating scientific evidence, it seems pragmatic that androgen/AR-mediated interference in the detoxification mechanism may be inhibited by phytochemicals. Therefore, collectively, nutrition has a key role as gene-nutrient interactions are important contributors to BCa prevention, also through epigenetic modifications. Here, the authors have derived suggestions for future research. Med Pr. 2022;73(2).

男性膀胱癌(BCa)的患病率是女性的4倍，近年来性别差异一直是人们关注的焦点。雄激素受体(AR)可能是性别差异的一个假定解释。由于尿路上皮对致癌物的雄激素敏感性增加，这也可能与不利的BCa进展和发展有关。此外，据报道，吸烟和职业性接触致癌物与BCa的最高归因风险有关。在这篇综述中，作者试图总结一些开创性的研究工作，这些研究工作综合了目前对AR在BCa中致癌物质解毒活性负调控中的核心作用的理解。特别是，作者讨论了3,3'-二吲哚基甲烷通过microRNA对AR基因转录的调节作用，因为它可能对BCa的预防有作用。此外，为了说明职业暴露和BCa发病率仍然存在的问题，作者回顾了这一领域的最新研究。基于快速积累的科学证据，雄激素/ ar介导的解毒机制干扰可能被植物化学物质抑制，这似乎是务实的。因此，总的来说，营养具有关键作用，因为基因-营养相互作用是预防BCa的重要因素，也通过表观遗传修饰。在此，作者对未来的研究提出了建议。中国生物医学工程学报，2012;33(2)。

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引用次数: 0

The angle of trunk rotation and symmetry of a lower limb loading in musicians of a symphony orchestra in Poland: a pilot study concerning instrument-specific results. 波兰交响乐团音乐家躯干旋转的角度和下肢负荷的对称性:一项关于乐器特定结果的初步研究。

IF 1 4区医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Medycyna pracy

Pub Date : 2022-03-09 DOI: 10.13075/mp.5893.01230

A. Kaczorowska, Magdalena Kornek, A. Mroczek, Ewelina Lepsy, A. Radajewska

BACKGROUNDThe study aimed to evaluate the angle of trunk rotation (ATR) and symmetry of lower limb loading in professional musicians.MATERIAL AND METHODSA total of 60 instrumentalists were examined: cellists, violinists and musicians playing wind instruments. The scoliometer examination was used to assess trunk asymmetry. The angle of trunk rotation was measured at segment: Th1-Th4, Th5-Th12, and Th12-L4. The maximum value (ATR max) and the sum of three rotations (STR) were calculated. Two scales were used to assess the symmetry of lower limb loading. Loading symmetry index (LSI) of the lower limb was calculated.RESULTSViolinists have the highest mean values of ATR, ATR max, STR and LSI and musicians playing wind instruments have the lowest mean values. In the group of violinists and musicians playing wind instruments, a positive correlation was found between playing experience and ATR Th1-Th4.CONCLUSIONSThe body position during playing violin and cello may increase the angle of trunk rotation and the lower limb loading's asymmetry. Med Pr. 2022;73(2).

背景本研究旨在评估专业音乐家的躯干旋转角度（ATR）和下肢负荷的对称性。材料和方法共检查了60名乐器演奏家：大提琴演奏家、小提琴演奏家和管乐器演奏家。使用滑膜炎检查来评估躯干不对称性。在Th1-Th4、Th5-Th12和Th12-L4节段测量躯干旋转角度。计算最大值（ATR max）和三次旋转之和（STR）。使用两个量表来评估下肢负荷的对称性。计算下肢的负荷对称指数（LSI）。结果演奏家的ATR、ATRmax、STR和LSI的平均值最高，演奏管乐器的演奏家的平均值最低。在小提琴手和演奏管乐器的音乐家组中，演奏经验与ATR Th1-Th4呈正相关。结论演奏小提琴和大提琴时的身体姿势可能会增加躯干旋转角度和下肢负荷的不对称性。Med Pr.2022；73（2）。

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引用次数: 0

The relationship between the manifestations of mobbing and reactions of mobbing victims. 暴民的表现形式与暴民的反应之间的关系。

IF 1 4区医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Medycyna pracy

Pub Date : 2022-02-18 Epub Date: 2022-02-08 DOI: 10.13075/mp.5893.01002

Lidia Grzesiuk, Agnieszka Szymańska, Justyna Jastrzębska, Małgorzata Rutkowska

Background: The study concerned workplace mobbing, a phenomenon affecting about 3-20% of the Polish population. The aim of the article is to distinguish the manifestations of mobbing, to study the coexistence of mobbing manifestations, and to search for the relationships between the symptoms of mobbing, reactions to mobbing and methods of dealing with mobbing used by victims.

Material and methods: Information on the above variables was obtained using a questionnaire on mobbing, risk factors, and responses to mobbing. The questionnaire was completed by 781 people (women: 66%, men: 34%). The average age of the respondents was 29 years. The current statistical analysis included: distinguishing the manifestations of mobbing by means of a confirmatory factor analysis, studying the coexistence of mobbing manifestations by means of a cluster analysis, and detecting the relationships between mobbing manifestations, reactions to mobbing and ways of dealing with it based on the system of structural equations.

Results: The results of the research revealed 3 categories of relationships: a co-occurrence of mobbing manifestations, a relationship of mobbing manifestations with reactions to mobbing, and a relationship of mobbing reactions with methods of dealing with mobbing.

Conclusions: Mobbing was found in 22% of the examined group. The study revealed the existence of 5 clusters of mobbing manifestations (i.e., subgroups of respondents characterized by experiencing at least 1 of the mobbing manifestations). In the most numerous clusters in which the symptoms of mobbing were diagnosed, unfriendly working conditions prevailed. In the context of mobbing, people were found to more often react with passivity or with using interpersonal coping methods. However, they rarely turned to institutions for help or used aggression against the mobber. Med Pr. 2022;73(1):1-12.

背景:该研究涉及职场抢劫，这一现象影响了约3-20%的波兰人口。本文的目的在于区分暴民行为的表现形式，研究暴民行为表现形式的共存，探索暴民行为的症状、对暴民行为的反应和受害者的暴民行为处理方法之间的关系。材料和方法:通过对围捕、危险因素和围捕反应的问卷调查获得上述变量的信息。共有781人完成了问卷调查(女性66%，男性34%)。受访者的平均年龄为29岁。目前的统计分析包括:通过验证性因子分析来区分围堵的表现，通过聚类分析来研究围堵表现的共存，以及基于结构方程组来检测围堵表现、围堵反应和围堵处理方法之间的关系。结果:研究结果揭示了三类关系:暴民表现的共现关系、暴民表现与暴民反应的关系、暴民反应与暴民应对方法的关系。结论:22%的被检查组存在围堵现象。该研究显示存在5类暴民表现(即以经历至少一种暴民表现为特征的应答者亚组)。在被诊断出有暴民症状的大多数群集中，不友好的工作条件普遍存在。在被围攻的情况下，人们被发现更多的反应是被动的或使用人际应对方法。然而，他们很少向机构寻求帮助，也很少对暴徒使用攻击性手段。中国生物医学工程学报，2011;33(1):1-12。

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引用次数: 3

[Influence of storage conditions and usage time on the quality of lead rubber]. 【贮存条件和使用时间对铅橡胶质量的影响】。

IF 1 4区医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Medycyna pracy

Pub Date : 2022-02-18 Epub Date: 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.13075/mp.5893.01121

Sandra Małgorzata Modlińska, Joanna Bosowska, Maciej Cebula

Background: Lead aprons, as a type of individual radiological shields, are designed to protect the body against the negative effects of ionizing radiation. In order for the individual shields to fulfill their task, the weakening of the X-ray beam should be as high as possible. Previous reports have indicated the possibility of significant defects even among newly purchased aprons. The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of storage conditions and usage time on the permeability of lead aprons.

Material and methods: The analysis covered 11 lead aprons used by the staff and patients of the Department of Radiodiagnostics and Interventional Radiology of the Central Clinical Hospital in Katowice, Poland. The dependent variable was the average pixel value, and the grouping variables included the storage method, age and thickness of the apron, and the type of its user.

Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the weakening value of the X-ray beam of individual aprons, and their storage conditions and age.

Conclusions: Aprons stored in a hanging position show a greater degree of weakening of the X-ray beam, and thus a higher degree of worker protection, compared to aprons stored otherwise. The age of the apron affects its protective properties. Med Pr. 2022;73(1):13-7.

背景:铅围裙作为一种个体辐射防护，用于保护人体免受电离辐射的负面影响。为了使单个防护罩完成它们的任务，x射线束的减弱应该尽可能高。以前的报告指出，即使是新购买的围裙也可能存在重大缺陷。研究了贮存条件和使用时间对铅胶圈渗透性的影响。材料和方法:分析涵盖了波兰卡托维兹中央临床医院放射诊断和介入放射科工作人员和患者使用的11条铅围裙。因变量为平均像素值，分组变量为围裙的存放方式、围裙的使用年限和厚度、围裙的使用者类型。结果:单个围裙的x射线减弱值与储存条件和使用年限有统计学差异。结论:悬挂存放的围裙对x射线的削弱程度更大，因此与其他存放的围裙相比，工人的防护程度更高。围裙的使用年限会影响它的防护性能。中国生物医学工程学报，2011;33(1):444 - 444。

{"title":"[Influence of storage conditions and usage time on the quality of lead rubber].","authors":"Sandra Małgorzata Modlińska, Joanna Bosowska, Maciej Cebula","doi":"10.13075/mp.5893.01121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13075/mp.5893.01121","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lead aprons, as a type of individual radiological shields, are designed to protect the body against the negative effects of ionizing radiation. In order for the individual shields to fulfill their task, the weakening of the X-ray beam should be as high as possible. Previous reports have indicated the possibility of significant defects even among newly purchased aprons. The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of storage conditions and usage time on the permeability of lead aprons.Material and methods: The analysis covered 11 lead aprons used by the staff and patients of the Department of Radiodiagnostics and Interventional Radiology of the Central Clinical Hospital in Katowice, Poland. The dependent variable was the average pixel value, and the grouping variables included the storage method, age and thickness of the apron, and the type of its user.Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the weakening value of the X-ray beam of individual aprons, and their storage conditions and age.Conclusions: Aprons stored in a hanging position show a greater degree of weakening of the X-ray beam, and thus a higher degree of worker protection, compared to aprons stored otherwise. The age of the apron affects its protective properties. Med Pr. 2022;73(1):13-7.","PeriodicalId":18749,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna pracy","volume":"73 1","pages":"13-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39839336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[A dancer, a groomer, a folk artist and a viola player - case reports of occupational musculoskeletal and peripheral nervous system diseases]. [舞者、美容师、民间艺术家和中提琴手——职业性肌肉骨骼和周围神经系统疾病的病例报告]。

IF 1 4区医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Medycyna pracy

Pub Date : 2022-02-18 Epub Date: 2021-11-26 DOI: 10.13075/mp.5893.01197

Monika Najder-Gawlik, Marta Wiszniewska, Agnieszka Lipińska-Ojrzanowska

Work-related diseases of the musculoskeletal and the peripheral nervous system are classified as overload cumulative microtrauma diseases, resulting from chronic overload and/or damage of specific neuromusculoskeletal structures. Occupational activities which predispose to them are characterised by monotypy (repetition of movements during a significant part of the working shift). Authors described 4 cases of women with musculoskeletal and peripheral nervous system disorders qualified as occupational background just in the 2nd instance of medical certification. Detailed analysis of occupational exposure and medical interview with individual diagnostic approach allowed to determine the occupational etiology of diseases, regardless of non-occupational risk factors in some cases, even if the workstation was not common. Difficulties in estimating the probability of disease process induction on the background of occupational exposure are caused by frequent coexistence of non-occupational risk factors. The 2-tier system of certification provides an independent evaluation of medical history and occupational exposure. Med Pr. 2022;73(1):71-8.

肌肉骨骼和周围神经系统的工作相关疾病被归类为超负荷累积性微创伤疾病，由慢性超负荷和/或特定神经肌肉骨骼结构的损伤引起。易患这些疾病的职业活动的特点是单一性(在工作班次的大部分时间内重复动作)。作者描述了4例女性肌肉骨骼和周围神经系统疾病合格的职业背景仅仅在第二次医疗证明。对职业暴露的详细分析和采用个人诊断方法的医学访谈允许确定疾病的职业病因，而不考虑某些情况下的非职业风险因素，即使工作站并不常见。在职业暴露背景下，非职业危险因素的频繁共存造成了疾病过程诱发概率估计的困难。两级认证体系提供了对病史和职业暴露的独立评估。中国生物医学工程学报，2010;33(1):391 - 391。

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引用次数: 0