Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7494/MAFE.2019.45.1.7
P. Chyła
{"title":"The influence of forming conditions on the hardness of balls formed in the skew rolling process","authors":"P. Chyła","doi":"10.7494/MAFE.2019.45.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/MAFE.2019.45.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18751,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgy and Foundry Engineering","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81496397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7494/MAFE.2019.45.1.19
E. Rudnik, K. Chat
This study considers the role of chloride and sulphate anions in the cathodic reduction of zinc ions from gluconate solutions (chloride, sulphate, chloride-sulphate). Cyclic potentiodynamic and potentiostatic polarization measurements, as well as chronoamperometric experiments, were performed. Electrochemical results were correlated with the speciation of the baths. The experiments revealed the inhibiting effect of sulphate ions on the cathodic process caused by the formation of stable neutral ZnSO4 complex in the sulphate-gluconate bath. It resulted in zinc deposition under a limiting current, with the release of metal cation as a rate-determining step. The less stable ZnGlu+ complex dominated both chloride-containing baths, thus the metal deposition ran under activation control. Independent of the solution composition, the nucleation of zinc occurred according to the instantaneous model.
{"title":"Comparative studies of the electroreduction of zinc ions from gluconate solutions","authors":"E. Rudnik, K. Chat","doi":"10.7494/MAFE.2019.45.1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/MAFE.2019.45.1.19","url":null,"abstract":"This study considers the role of chloride and sulphate anions in the cathodic reduction of zinc ions from gluconate solutions (chloride, sulphate, chloride-sulphate). Cyclic potentiodynamic and potentiostatic polarization measurements, as well as chronoamperometric experiments, were performed. Electrochemical results were correlated with the speciation of the baths. The experiments revealed the inhibiting effect of sulphate ions on the cathodic process caused by the formation of stable neutral ZnSO4 complex in the sulphate-gluconate bath. It resulted in zinc deposition under a limiting current, with the release of metal cation as a rate-determining step. The less stable ZnGlu+ complex dominated both chloride-containing baths, thus the metal deposition ran under activation control. Independent of the solution composition, the nucleation of zinc occurred according to the instantaneous model.","PeriodicalId":18751,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgy and Foundry Engineering","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81622640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-22DOI: 10.7494/MAFE.2018.44.1.31
Szabolcs Jónás, M. Tisza
Clinching is an effective joining technique for lightweight sheet materials that are difficult or impossible to weld. Clinching is a relatively new technology in which two to three sheet metal parts are joined together by a process of local plastic deformation without the use of any additional components with the application of a special tool. In this study, an experimental investigation of clinch joints was performed. A non-standardized technique was used to determine the optimal joint geometry for further experiments. The used material type was DP600 (dual-phase, advanced high strength steel).
{"title":"EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON DP600 CLINCHED JOINTS","authors":"Szabolcs Jónás, M. Tisza","doi":"10.7494/MAFE.2018.44.1.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/MAFE.2018.44.1.31","url":null,"abstract":"Clinching is an effective joining technique for lightweight sheet materials that are difficult or impossible to weld. Clinching is a relatively new technology in which two to three sheet metal parts are joined together by a process of local plastic deformation without the use of any additional components with the application of a special tool. In this study, an experimental investigation of clinch joints was performed. A non-standardized technique was used to determine the optimal joint geometry for further experiments. The used material type was DP600 (dual-phase, advanced high strength steel).","PeriodicalId":18751,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgy and Foundry Engineering","volume":"90 1","pages":"31-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77322189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-22DOI: 10.7494/MAFE.2018.44.1.17
M. Bielnicki, J. Jowsa
This article presents the results of the physical modeling of the continuous casting of steel slabs in a mold. The experiments focused on the assessment of the shape and stability of the liquid mold slag layer, which was reproduced in studies using silicone oil. The experimental tests were carried out for two different geometries of the submerged entry nozzle, two extreme submergence depths of the submerged entry nozzle (0.215 and 0.295 m), and two extreme casting speeds (1.0 and 1.6 m/min) used in industry. For each variant of the experiment, photographic documentation of the oil layer’s behavior was presented and discussed. The research was supplemented with a visualization of the flow structure using a marker for the selected variant of the experiment.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF CONTINUOUS STEEL CASTING CONDITIONS ON BEHAVIOR AND STABILITY OF LIQUID MOLD SLAG DURING SLAB CASTING – PHYSICAL MODELING","authors":"M. Bielnicki, J. Jowsa","doi":"10.7494/MAFE.2018.44.1.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/MAFE.2018.44.1.17","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of the physical modeling of the continuous casting of steel slabs in a mold. The experiments focused on the assessment of the shape and stability of the liquid mold slag layer, which was reproduced in studies using silicone oil. The experimental tests were carried out for two different geometries of the submerged entry nozzle, two extreme submergence depths of the submerged entry nozzle (0.215 and 0.295 m), and two extreme casting speeds (1.0 and 1.6 m/min) used in industry. For each variant of the experiment, photographic documentation of the oil layer’s behavior was presented and discussed. The research was supplemented with a visualization of the flow structure using a marker for the selected variant of the experiment.","PeriodicalId":18751,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgy and Foundry Engineering","volume":"2 1","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87657867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-22DOI: 10.7494/MAFE.2018.44.1.41
E. Rudnik, G. Chowaniec
Basic electrochemical experiments on the kinetics of tin deposition from an acid sulfate solution containing organic additives were performed. The measurements showed that tin deposits with activation polarization in a narrow potential range. Organic additives like gelatin and β-naphtol inhibit the charge transfer stage of the cathodic reaction due to the formation of adsorption layers. In turn, the gluconate ions increase the rate of tin deposition due to the bonding of hydrogen ions and inhibiting hydrogen coevolution. This results in serious changes in the morphology of tin deposits from isolated polyhedron crystals (no additive) via rectangular plates (β-naphtol) and thin plates (sodium gluconate) to rounded grains (gelatin).
{"title":"EFFECT OF ORGANIC ADDITIVES ON ELECTRODEPOSITION OF TIN FROM ACID SULFATE SOLUTION","authors":"E. Rudnik, G. Chowaniec","doi":"10.7494/MAFE.2018.44.1.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/MAFE.2018.44.1.41","url":null,"abstract":"Basic electrochemical experiments on the kinetics of tin deposition from an acid sulfate solution containing organic additives were performed. The measurements showed that tin deposits with activation polarization in a narrow potential range. Organic additives like gelatin and β-naphtol inhibit the charge transfer stage of the cathodic reaction due to the formation of adsorption layers. In turn, the gluconate ions increase the rate of tin deposition due to the bonding of hydrogen ions and inhibiting hydrogen coevolution. This results in serious changes in the morphology of tin deposits from isolated polyhedron crystals (no additive) via rectangular plates (β-naphtol) and thin plates (sodium gluconate) to rounded grains (gelatin).","PeriodicalId":18751,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgy and Foundry Engineering","volume":"144 1","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80627339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-22DOI: 10.7494/MAFE.2018.44.1.7
M. Bartosiewicz, A. Cwudziński
This paper presents the numerical simulation results of the liquid steel flow in a six-strand tundish used for casting billets. The influence of using a ladle shroud, changing its immersion depth in liquid steel on the transition zone, and shaping the liquid steel volume flow were tested. Three positions of the ladle shroud immersion depth in liquid steel were checked. The computer calculation results have shown that the use and position change of the ladle shroud locally influences the shape of the liquid steel hydrodynamic structure in the tundish. The numerical simulations were carried out using the Ansys-Fluent computer program.
{"title":"Influence of ladle shroud and change in its position on liquid steel flow hydrodynamic structure in six-strand tundish","authors":"M. Bartosiewicz, A. Cwudziński","doi":"10.7494/MAFE.2018.44.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/MAFE.2018.44.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the numerical simulation results of the liquid steel flow in a six-strand tundish used for casting billets. The influence of using a ladle shroud, changing its immersion depth in liquid steel on the transition zone, and shaping the liquid steel volume flow were tested. Three positions of the ladle shroud immersion depth in liquid steel were checked. The computer calculation results have shown that the use and position change of the ladle shroud locally influences the shape of the liquid steel hydrodynamic structure in the tundish. The numerical simulations were carried out using the Ansys-Fluent computer program.","PeriodicalId":18751,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgy and Foundry Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86382255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.7494/mafe.2018.44.3.145
A. Wójcicka, K. Mroczka, M. Kowalski
Friction stir welding (FSW) technology allows for the welding of materials that differ in their chemical compositions, microstructures, and properties. When selecting the parameters, it is necessary to analyze the structure of a weld and eliminate the defects. The use of X-ray microtomography creates the possibility of precise imaging of a joint structure – especially when it contains defects (voids). The tests were carried out on an FSW joint made with both 2017A and AlSi9Mg aluminum alloys. The macrostructure was cross-sectional, and a defect was found in the middle part of the joint and on the advancing side. We used a conventional method of observation light microscopy. Then, an analysis was performed using X-ray microtomography, which revealed the shape of the defect in 3D. Individual cross-sections were extracted, which enabled us to measure the geometric quantities. A dependence was found for the shape of the defect on the welding parameters and the variability of its construction. The usefulness of this advanced material imaging technology for the analysis of FSW welds has been confirmed.
{"title":"NON-INVASIVE ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION OF OBJECTS FROM FSW AlSi9Mg/2017A ALUMINUM ALLOY JOINTS","authors":"A. Wójcicka, K. Mroczka, M. Kowalski","doi":"10.7494/mafe.2018.44.3.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/mafe.2018.44.3.145","url":null,"abstract":"Friction stir welding (FSW) technology allows for the welding of materials that differ in their chemical compositions, microstructures, and properties. When selecting the parameters, it is necessary to analyze the structure of a weld and eliminate the defects. The use of X-ray microtomography creates the possibility of precise imaging of a joint structure – especially when it contains defects (voids). The tests were carried out on an FSW joint made with both 2017A and AlSi9Mg aluminum alloys. The macrostructure was cross-sectional, and a defect was found in the middle part of the joint and on the advancing side. We used a conventional method of observation light microscopy. Then, an analysis was performed using X-ray microtomography, which revealed the shape of the defect in 3D. Individual cross-sections were extracted, which enabled us to measure the geometric quantities. A dependence was found for the shape of the defect on the welding parameters and the variability of its construction. The usefulness of this advanced material imaging technology for the analysis of FSW welds has been confirmed.","PeriodicalId":18751,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgy and Foundry Engineering","volume":"87 1","pages":"145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76377444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.7494/MAFE.2018.44.2.61
B. Nasiłowska, Z. Bogdanowicz, J. Terpiłowski, K. Pańcikiewicz
This paper presents the results of the structural investigations and thermophysical properties of 904L steel parent material. Experimental studies on the structure of 904L steel proved a pure austenitic structure. Both the experimental research and analysis of the thermophysical properties of 904L steel were complemented with the results of the thermal conductivity calculations for the tested material. The paper presents a brief description of the measurements, the procedures for evaluating the data, and a set of the obtained results.
{"title":"THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF 904L AUSTENITIC STEEL","authors":"B. Nasiłowska, Z. Bogdanowicz, J. Terpiłowski, K. Pańcikiewicz","doi":"10.7494/MAFE.2018.44.2.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/MAFE.2018.44.2.61","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of the structural investigations and thermophysical properties of 904L steel parent material. Experimental studies on the structure of 904L steel proved a pure austenitic structure. Both the experimental research and analysis of the thermophysical properties of 904L steel were complemented with the results of the thermal conductivity calculations for the tested material. The paper presents a brief description of the measurements, the procedures for evaluating the data, and a set of the obtained results.","PeriodicalId":18751,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgy and Foundry Engineering","volume":"10 6 1","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83816294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.7494/mafe.2018.44.4.181
J. Augustyn-Nadzieja, Sylwia Pełka, Joanna Loch-Zawrotniak
The presented study performs an analysis of the effect of thermal treatment on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of the commercial prosthetic alloy Wironit ExtraHart (Co-Cr-Mo). Experiments of thermal treatment, homogenization, oversaturation as well as oversaturation with ageing of the alloys were carried out. Metallographic tests, hardness measurements, EDS analyses and electrochemical investigations were performed. For the examined samples, the corrosion potential (OCP) and polarization curve (LSV) were determined, based on which the corrosion properties in the simulated solution of artificial saliva were established. The results of the obtained tests made it possible to evaluate the effect of the performed thermal treatment on the changes in the properties (hardness) as well as the microstructure and corrosion resistance of the examined alloy Co-Cr-Mo.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF HEAT TREATMENT ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF THE CORROSION RESISTANCE OF THE PROSTHETIC ALLOY WIRONIT EXTRAHART (Co-Cr-Mo)","authors":"J. Augustyn-Nadzieja, Sylwia Pełka, Joanna Loch-Zawrotniak","doi":"10.7494/mafe.2018.44.4.181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/mafe.2018.44.4.181","url":null,"abstract":"The presented study performs an analysis of the effect of thermal treatment on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of the commercial prosthetic alloy Wironit ExtraHart (Co-Cr-Mo). Experiments of thermal treatment, homogenization, oversaturation as well as oversaturation with ageing of the alloys were carried out. Metallographic tests, hardness measurements, EDS analyses and electrochemical investigations were performed. For the examined samples, the corrosion potential (OCP) and polarization curve (LSV) were determined, based on which the corrosion properties in the simulated solution of artificial saliva were established. The results of the obtained tests made it possible to evaluate the effect of the performed thermal treatment on the changes in the properties (hardness) as well as the microstructure and corrosion resistance of the examined alloy Co-Cr-Mo.","PeriodicalId":18751,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgy and Foundry Engineering","volume":"41 1","pages":"181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80909777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.7494/MAFE.2018.44.2.73
P. Petrzak, K. Kowalski, M. Rozmus-Górnikowska, Aleksandra J Debowska, M. Jędrusik, D. Koclęga
Our research focused on Inconel 625 weld overlays on 16Mo3 steel boiler pipes. The investigation focused on the characterization of changes in the microstructure and chemical composition after annealing. The annealing was performed for ten hours at temperatures from 600 to 1000°C. Changes in the microstructure were observed with a scanning and transmission electron microscope (SEM and TEM). The investigation was supplemented by hardness measurements.
{"title":"ANNEALING EFFECT ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF INCONEL 625 ALLOY","authors":"P. Petrzak, K. Kowalski, M. Rozmus-Górnikowska, Aleksandra J Debowska, M. Jędrusik, D. Koclęga","doi":"10.7494/MAFE.2018.44.2.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/MAFE.2018.44.2.73","url":null,"abstract":"Our research focused on Inconel 625 weld overlays on 16Mo3 steel boiler pipes. The investigation focused on the characterization of changes in the microstructure and chemical composition after annealing. The annealing was performed for ten hours at temperatures from 600 to 1000°C. Changes in the microstructure were observed with a scanning and transmission electron microscope (SEM and TEM). The investigation was supplemented by hardness measurements.","PeriodicalId":18751,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgy and Foundry Engineering","volume":"2009 1","pages":"73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86246039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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