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2023 12th Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO)最新文献

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The Background Role in 3D Object Reconstruction 三维物体重建中的背景作用
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10155095
I. Enesi, A. Kuqi, Ambra Korra
Photogrammetry is a continuously growing 3D reconstruction technique, due to the simplicity and low costs of hardware and software parts. It is defined as the collection of physical information from 2D photos to generate 3D reconstructions. There are various software options available to perform this task, each with its own specifications in terms of quality, performance, and price. In 3D reconstruction, one of the most determining factors is the accuracy of dimensions, especially when it comes to the field of spare parts or prostheses in medicine. Undoubtedly there are many concurrent factors that establish the final precision, present in both hardware and software. Determining the dimensions of the reconstructed object, especially when the object in focus is small and has a complex geometric shape, is one of the main tasks. To achieve the 3D reconstruction, we will utilize open-source software such as Meshroom combined with measurements taken using MeshLab, along with proprietary software like Agisoft. Experimental results show that Agisoft performs better than Meshroom&Meshlab, offering more optimization techniques, reducing processing time and a higher visual quality in the reconstructed 3D object as well as a higher accuracy in size measurement.
摄影测量是一种不断发展的三维重建技术,由于硬件和软件部分的简单和低成本。它被定义为从二维照片中收集物理信息来生成三维重建。有多种软件可用于执行此任务,每种软件在质量、性能和价格方面都有自己的规格。在三维重建中,最重要的因素之一是尺寸的准确性,特别是在医学备件或假肢领域。毫无疑问,在硬件和软件中,有许多共同的因素决定了最终的精度。确定重建对象的尺寸,特别是当焦点对象很小且具有复杂的几何形状时,是主要任务之一。为了实现3D重建,我们将利用开源软件(如Meshroom)结合使用MeshLab进行的测量,以及Agisoft等专有软件。实验结果表明,Agisoft的性能优于meshroom和meshlab,提供了更多的优化技术,减少了处理时间,在重建的3D物体中具有更高的视觉质量,并且尺寸测量精度更高。
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引用次数: 0
Safety & Security Analysis of a Manufacturing System using Formal Verification and Attack-Simulation 基于形式化验证和攻击仿真的制造系统安全性分析
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10154960
E. Kang, Simon Hacks
Key to reliable manufacturing systems is ensuring the trustworthiness of the decision-making and control mechanisms that supplant human control, i.e., systems need to remain safe while being resilient against functional failures, unpredictable changes, and cyber-security threats. We present a correct-by-construction approach to identify and analyze essential requirements that ensure the safety and security of a manufacturing system using a combination of System Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA)-based verification and attack simulation. This approach utilizes formal modeling and analysis to remove ambiguities in the requirement and specify safety properties that should be satisfied in system design. Potential safety hazards are identified using STPA-based model checking and possible cyber-security threats are diagnosed through attack simulation. Additional safety and security constraints inhibiting the hazards and threats are generated to improve the system design accordingly. Our approach is demonstrated on an autonomous assembly line system case study.
可靠制造系统的关键是确保替代人为控制的决策和控制机制的可信度,即系统需要保持安全,同时能够抵御功能故障、不可预测的变化和网络安全威胁。我们提出了一种基于系统理论过程分析(STPA)的验证和攻击模拟相结合的方法来识别和分析确保制造系统安全性的基本要求。该方法利用形式化建模和分析来消除需求中的歧义,并指定系统设计中应满足的安全属性。通过基于stp的模型检测识别潜在安全隐患,通过攻击仿真诊断可能存在的网络安全威胁。额外的安全和安保约束抑制了危害和威胁的产生,从而相应地改进了系统设计。我们的方法在一个自主装配线系统案例研究中得到了验证。
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引用次数: 0
A Reinforcement Learning approach to the management of Renewable Energy Communities 可再生能源社区管理的强化学习方法
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10154979
L. Guiducci, Giulia Palma, Marta Stentati, A. Rizzo, S. Paoletti
Optimal management of renewable energy is an important pillar of environmental sustainability, as it maximizes the use of clean and renewable resources. This article considers the optimal management of a renewable energy community that receives incentives for virtual self-consumption. This incentive scheme has been adopted in the Italian energy framework since 2020. The optimization problem maximizes the social welfare of the community, which includes the incentive together with the exploitation of renewable energy sources. A key role in such a problem is played by the battery energy storage system (BESS), which is crucial in balancing supply and demand. We propose a novel Reinforcement Learning-based BESS controller, aiming at maximizing the community social welfare by acting in real time and relying only on data available at the current time-step. Through different simulations in several scenarios, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach and its ability to outperform a state-of-the-art rule-based controller. Moreover, we assess the proposed approach by comparing its performance with that of the actual, though ideal, optimal control policy based on an oracle providing perfect knowledge of future data.
可再生能源的优化管理是环境可持续性的重要支柱,因为它可以最大限度地利用清洁和可再生资源。本文考虑了一个可再生能源社区的最优管理,该社区接受虚拟自我消费的激励。自2020年以来,这一激励计划已被纳入意大利能源框架。优化问题使社区的社会福利最大化,其中包括对可再生能源开发的激励。电池储能系统(BESS)在这一问题中扮演着关键角色,它对平衡供需至关重要。我们提出了一种新的基于强化学习的BESS控制器,旨在通过实时行动和仅依赖当前时间步的可用数据来最大化社区社会福利。通过在不同场景下的不同模拟,我们证明了我们的方法的有效性及其优于最先进的基于规则的控制器的能力。此外,我们通过将其性能与基于oracle的实际(尽管是理想的)最优控制策略的性能进行比较来评估所提出的方法,该策略提供了对未来数据的完美了解。
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引用次数: 0
New Design Methodology of an Advanced Optimal Space/Spatial-Frequency Filter 一种先进最优空间/空间频率滤波器的新设计方法
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10154936
Veselin N. Ivanović, Nevena Radović
New methodology in the creation of the region of support of the optimal (Wiener) filter used in the estimation of two-dimensional (2D) nonstationary signals is considered. The methodology is based on the symmetrical spreading of the filter's region of support around the detected local frequency (LF) of the estimated 2D signal and on simultaneous inclusion (in the region of support creation) of points having equal distance from the detected LF. The proposed filter provides signal reconstruction free of distortion of the original (noiseless) signal.
在创建的支持区域的最优(维纳)滤波器用于估计二维(2D)非平稳信号的新方法被考虑。该方法是基于滤波器的支持区域在估计的二维信号的检测到的局部频率(LF)周围的对称扩展,以及同时包含(在支持创建区域中)与检测到的LF具有相等距离的点。该滤波器提供了不失真的原始(无噪声)信号重构。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental Results of an Intermittency Fault Detection and Isolation Test Rig for Low Power No-Fault-Found Applications 小功率无故障检测间歇故障检测与隔离试验台的实验结果
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10155104
M. Samie, Akbar Sheikh-Akbari, K. K. Singh, E. Ofoegbu
Applications in harsh environments greatly suffer from intermittency faults in their interconnections/wirings. Due to the erratic behavior of intermittency that causes signal irregularities, it is tough to distinguish irregularities from an actual transmitted signal, particularly in the earlier stages where signal abnormalities mainly resemble noise. This paper explores step changes in the resistance of a wire caused by broken strands as a failure parameter. Thus, a test rig was designed to emulate the ageing mechanism of the wire. with results of the study highlighting that resistance step changes could effectively be used to locate intermittency faults in low power cable applications.
在恶劣环境中的应用在其互连/布线中受到间歇性故障的极大影响。由于间歇性的不稳定行为会导致信号异常,因此很难将异常与实际传输的信号区分开来,特别是在信号异常主要类似于噪声的早期阶段。本文探讨了导线因断股引起的电阻阶跃变化作为失效参数。因此,设计了一个试验装置来模拟金属丝的老化机制。研究结果表明,电阻阶跃变化可以有效地用于小功率电缆间歇故障的定位。
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引用次数: 0
Detecting Health & Safety Hazards through AI and Edge Computing on Mobile Devices 通过移动设备上的人工智能和边缘计算检测健康和安全危害
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10155077
C. Panagiotou, Lidia Pocero Fraile, C. Koulamas
Safety hazards in working environments introduce significant risks for the health of the people that are active in these environments. The prevention of such incidents becomes a high priority for safety officers. The prevention mechanisms regard compliance with safety standards and auditing of the conditions of the workplaces. This paper, presents an AI based solution that aims to identify safety risks and is able to operate in the edge focusing mobile devices. The presented approach trains an SSD Mobilenet v2 based model with a data set focused on the detection of conditions that might introduce risks for the people and the infrastructure. The trained model has been integrated in a mobile application to utilize the high quality video streams capture by modern smartphones.
工作环境中的安全危害给在这些环境中工作的人的健康带来重大风险。预防此类事件成为安全官员的重中之重。预防机制涉及遵守安全标准和审计工作场所的条件。本文提出了一种基于人工智能的解决方案,旨在识别安全风险,并能够在边缘聚焦移动设备中运行。该方法训练了一个基于SSD Mobilenet v2的模型,该模型的数据集主要用于检测可能给人和基础设施带来风险的条件。经过训练的模型已集成在移动应用程序中,以利用现代智能手机捕获的高质量视频流。
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引用次数: 0
Training the Machine Learning Model for Clinical IoT Data and Device Interoperability 训练临床物联网数据和设备互操作性的机器学习模型
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10154963
Valeryi M. Bezruk, Stanislav A. Krivenko, Oleksandr O. Kyrsanov, Sergii S. Kryvenko, L. Kryvenko
Data exploration, wrangling, and interactive analysis and visualization were made in an integrated way. How to plot feature importance in Python calculated by the XGBoost model was considered. Features engineering in a dataset has been improved with Haar Transform. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was increased from 0.44 for the baseline model to 0.82 for Haar Transform Model.
数据的挖掘、整理、交互分析和可视化以一体化的方式进行。考虑了如何在Python中绘制由XGBoost模型计算的特征重要性。Haar变换改进了数据集的特征工程。接受者工作特征曲线下的面积从基线模型的0.44增加到Haar变换模型的0.82。
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引用次数: 0
Statistical-based HRV Feature Importance Evaluation for Arrhythmia and Atrial Fibrillation Classification 基于统计的HRV特征对心律失常和房颤分类的重要性评价
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10154938
A. Tihak, D. Boskovic
The paper evaluates statistical significance of the differences in the feature values necessary to differentiate the signals corresponding to cardiac arrhythmia (AR) and atrial fibrillation (AF). The initial set of heart rate variability (HRV) features includes time and frequency domain metrics, as well as geometric metrics based on the Poincare diagram. Due to non-uniformity of the heart rate signal, frequency domain features are calculated using two approaches: the Lomb-Scargle method for spectral analysis for non-uniform signals, and Welch method for uniform signals, but after the signal interpolation and resampling. Selection of an appropriate statistical test was depending on the distribution of feature values. Normal distribution allowed use of parametric ANOVA test and otherwise non-parametric Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test were used. The statistical tests indicated statistically significant difference between the two observed groups of signals of interest with respect to the evaluated feature. The success of the classification depends on the well-chosen features according to their importance. In the paper, statistical tests resulted in selection of 27 features out of the initial 51. The proposed set of features could be used for the classification between the AR and AF signals to assist diagnosis of the mentioned heart diseases.
本文对区分心律失常(AR)与心房颤动(AF)信号所必需的特征值差异的统计学意义进行了评价。心率变异性(HRV)特征的初始集包括时域和频域指标,以及基于庞加莱图的几何指标。由于心率信号的非均匀性,计算频率域特征采用两种方法,即对非均匀信号进行频谱分析的Lomb-Scargle方法和对均匀信号进行频谱分析的Welch方法,但都要经过信号插值和重采样。选择合适的统计检验取决于特征值的分布。正态分布允许使用参数方差分析检验,否则使用非参数Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney检验。统计检验表明,两组观察到的感兴趣的信号在评估特征方面存在统计学上的显著差异。分类的成功与否取决于根据特征的重要性来选择特征。在本文中,统计测试结果从最初的51个特征中选择了27个特征。所提出的特征集可用于AR和AF信号之间的分类,以辅助上述心脏病的诊断。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Alternative Energy Systems Usage Leading to Sustainable Development Goals and Environmental Policies in Ecology 生态学中可持续发展目标和环境政策的替代能源系统使用分析
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10154898
Natalia Podzharaya, Anastasiia Sochenkova, N. Zaric
New technologies especially in IT spawn new modern gadgets, which raising number causes the growth of energy utilization. Therefore, it is important to produce energy safely for the nature. In this paper we consider and compare energy production and usage for usual energy sources and for alternative energy sources also known as renewables. We also consider how the share of the renewable energy usage changes in time. According to the analysis we come to conclusion what sustainable development for new technologies applied for ecology should be like. We also consider SEE-concept in sustainable development and main goals of sustainability connected and applied to modern technologies.
新技术特别是信息技术催生了新的现代设备,其数量的增加导致能源利用的增长。因此,为自然安全生产能源是很重要的。在本文中,我们考虑并比较了常规能源和替代能源(也称为可再生能源)的能源生产和使用。我们还考虑了可再生能源使用的份额如何随时间变化。根据分析,我们得出了应用于生态的新技术的可持续发展应该是什么样子。我们还考虑了可持续发展中的see概念和可持续发展的主要目标与现代技术的联系和应用。
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引用次数: 0
Student Performance Prediction Using AI and ML: State of the Art 使用AI和ML预测学生成绩:最新进展
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10154933
Arber Hoti, Xhemal Zenuni, Mentor Hamiti, Jaumin Ajdari
The digitalization of educational processes has enabled the generation of large datasets that can be used to improve processes in academic environments. One particular problem is the prediction of student performances based on historical data. Efficient student performance prediction can be used not only to prevent dropouts at an early stage, but it can also help perspective students to determine the fields in which they can have high academic performance and build successful student profile. Due to large and diverse data, this process has to be conducted with high degree of automations. Therefore, in this paper we have conducted an extensive survey on the impact of AI and ML techniques in student performance prediction, with primary aim to detect opportunities, good practices, but most importantly to identify gaps and remaining research challenges with the ultimate goal to define an effective framework for a student performance prediction system.
教育过程的数字化使大型数据集的生成成为可能,这些数据集可用于改进学术环境中的过程。一个特别的问题是基于历史数据来预测学生的表现。有效的学生成绩预测不仅可以在早期阶段防止辍学,而且还可以帮助未来的学生确定他们可以获得高学习成绩的领域,并建立成功的学生形象。由于数据量大且多样化,这一过程必须以高度自动化的方式进行。因此,在本文中,我们对AI和ML技术在学生成绩预测中的影响进行了广泛的调查,主要目的是发现机会,良好实践,但最重要的是确定差距和剩余的研究挑战,最终目标是为学生成绩预测系统定义一个有效的框架。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2023 12th Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO)
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