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2023 12th Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO)最新文献

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Multiple Human Tracking and Fall Detection Real-Time System Using Millimeter-Wave Radar and Data Fusion 基于毫米波雷达和数据融合的多人跟踪和跌倒检测实时系统
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10155097
Zichao Shen, J. Núñez-Yáñez, N. Dahnoun
This paper investigates an indoor multiple human tracking and fall detection system based on the usage of multiple Millimeter-Wave radars from Texas Instruments. We propose a real-time system framework to merge the signals received from radars and track the position and body status of human objects. In order to guarantee the overall accuracy of our system, we develop novel strategies such as dynamic DBSCAN clustering based on signal energy levels and a possibility matrix for multiple object tracking. Our prototype system, which employs three radars placed on x-y-z surfaces, demonstrates higher accuracy than the solution in [1] (90%), with 98.5% and 98.2% accuracy in multiple human tracking and fall detection respectively. The accuracy reaches 99.7% for single human tracking.
本文研究了一种基于德州仪器公司多部毫米波雷达的室内多人跟踪与跌倒检测系统。我们提出了一个实时系统框架来合并从雷达接收的信号并跟踪人体物体的位置和身体状态。为了保证系统的整体精度,我们开发了基于信号能级的动态DBSCAN聚类和多目标跟踪的可能性矩阵等新策略。我们的原型系统采用了放置在x-y-z表面上的三个雷达,其精度比[1]中的解决方案(90%)更高,在多人跟踪和跌倒检测中分别达到98.5%和98.2%。单个人跟踪准确率达到99.7%。
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引用次数: 0
On the Use of Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning in Cyber-physical and Internet of Thing Systems 多智能体强化学习在网络物理和物联网系统中的应用
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10154952
Hossein Yarahmadi, M. Shiri, Moharram Challenger, H. Navidi, Arash Sharifi
In this paper, we provide a review of cyber-physical systems (CPSs) and explore the applications of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS), Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), and Multi-Agent Credit Assignment Problem (MCA) in CPSs. Our primary focus is on mapping specific domains, including job scheduling, energy management, and smart transport systems, to MAS and applying MARL and MCA techniques to solve the problems. To evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed method, we applied it to the job scheduling problem, using two parameters, CPU and bandwidth, and tested its performance for four different tasks: Face Detection and Window Blind Control (FDWC), Finger Touch and Gate Control (FTGC), Weather Check and Thermostat Control (WCTC), and Temperature Check and Start Fan (TCSF). The results indicate that prioritizing tasks significantly improves the performance of the proposed method. We conclude that MAS, MARL, and MCA are powerful tools for solving problems in CPSs and IoT. Mapping these problems to MAS can help overcome the challenges associated with CPSs and IoT, and improve system performance.
在本文中,我们对网络物理系统(cps)进行了综述,并探讨了多智能体系统(MAS)、多智能体强化学习(MARL)和多智能体信用分配问题(MCA)在cps中的应用。我们的主要重点是将特定领域,包括作业调度、能源管理和智能交通系统,映射到MAS,并应用MARL和MCA技术来解决问题。为了评估我们提出的方法的有效性,我们将其应用于作业调度问题,使用CPU和带宽两个参数,并测试了它在四个不同任务中的性能:人脸检测和窗盲控制(FDWC),手指触摸和门控制(FTGC),天气检查和恒温控制(WCTC)以及温度检查和启动风扇(TCSF)。结果表明,任务优先级显著提高了所提方法的性能。我们得出结论,MAS, MARL和MCA是解决cps和物联网问题的强大工具。将这些问题映射到MAS可以帮助克服与cps和物联网相关的挑战,并提高系统性能。
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引用次数: 0
Towards the Introduction of the Sea Traffic Management System in the Adriatic Sea 亚得里亚海海上交通管理系统的引入研究
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10155016
Mira Šorović, N. Kapidani, Zarko Luksic, Toni Maričević, Šime Marušić, V. Frančić, David Brčić, Marko Strabic, Zorica Ðurović
Through the theoretical background of Sea Traffic Management, this paper briefly describes this digitalization concept in the maritime sector, aiming to contribute to a safer, more environmentally sustainable, and operationally efficient sea transport. It will be followed by an overall presentation of the STM components, in terms of its basic principles, objectives, and operational concepts, and in accordance with the main EUREKA Project objectives related to the maritime area of the Adriatic Sea.
本文通过海上交通管理的理论背景,简要介绍了海上交通管理的数字化概念,旨在为更安全、更环保、更高效的海上运输做出贡献。随后将根据与亚得里亚海海域有关的EUREKA项目主要目标,从基本原则、目标和操作概念方面全面介绍STM组成部分。
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引用次数: 0
A Noble Approach to 2D Ear Recognition System using Hybrid Transfer Learning 一种基于混合迁移学习的二维耳识别方法
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10154993
Ravishankar Mehta, Akbar Sheikh-Akbari, K. K. Singh
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have emerged as a popular choice of researchers for their robust feature extraction and information mining capability. In the last decades, CNNs have depicted impressive performance on various applications of computer vision tasks like object detection, image segmentation, and image classification. As a consequence, the ear-based recognition system has not gained many benefits from deep learning and CNN-based applications and is still lacking behind due to the availability of sufficient data and varying conditions of captured sample images. In this paper, transfer learning techniques have been applied to the well-known convolutional neural network model VGG16 integrated with the support vector machine(SVM) that acts as a hybrid algorithm for recognizing the person using their ear images. The proposed model is validated on an ear dataset containing a total of 2600 images with variability in terms of pose, rotation, and illumination changes. The proposed model is able to classify the ear images with the highest recognition accuracy of 98.72%. To show the effectiveness of the proposed model, comparative studies of the proposed model with other existing methods have been reported in the literature.
卷积神经网络(cnn)因其强大的特征提取和信息挖掘能力而成为研究人员的热门选择。在过去的几十年里,cnn在计算机视觉任务的各种应用中表现出了令人印象深刻的性能,比如物体检测、图像分割和图像分类。因此,基于耳朵的识别系统并没有从深度学习和基于cnn的应用中获得很多好处,并且由于足够的数据可用性和捕获的样本图像条件的变化,仍然存在不足。本文将迁移学习技术应用于著名的卷积神经网络模型VGG16,该模型与支持向量机(SVM)相结合,作为使用耳朵图像识别人的混合算法。该模型在包含2600张图像的耳朵数据集上进行了验证,这些图像在姿势、旋转和光照变化方面具有可变性。该模型能够对耳朵图像进行分类,识别准确率高达98.72%。为了证明所提出的模型的有效性,文献中已经报道了所提出的模型与其他现有方法的比较研究。
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引用次数: 1
Anomaly Detection on Univariate Sensing Time Series Data for Smart Aquaculture Using K-Means, Isolation Forest, and Local Outlier Factor 基于k均值、隔离森林和局部离群因子的智能水产养殖单变量感知时间序列数据异常检测
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10154991
Aleksandar Petkovski, Visar Shehu
Aquaculture has a great importance in economic development and food production. Maintaining an ecological environment with good water quality is the most critical link to ensure the efficient and qualitative of aquaculture. Good management of the water quality can avoid occurrence of abnormal conditions and significantly contribute to secure food in the future. Detection of anomalies ensures that the aquaculture environment is maintained properly to meet healthy and proper requirements for fish farming. The main focus of this paper is the use of machine learning approaches to detect anomalies for water quality data in aquaculture environment. It presents an analysis of three machine learning anomaly detection techniques: the K-Means clustering, the Local Outlier Factor, and the Isolation Forest. Extensive analysis of the mentioned techniques was conducted using several sensor datasets obtained from a real-world IoT aquaculture system, specifically for the parameters of temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH. The evaluation analysis reveals that K-Means and Isolation Forest anomaly detection methods show promising results in detecting anomalies for the three aquaculture parameters.
水产养殖在经济发展和粮食生产中具有重要意义。维持良好水质的生态环境是保证水产养殖高效质量化的最关键环节。良好的水质管理可以避免异常情况的发生,对未来的粮食安全有重要贡献。检测异常情况可确保水产养殖环境得到适当维护,以满足健康和适当的养鱼要求。本文的主要重点是使用机器学习方法来检测水产养殖环境中水质数据的异常。它提出了三种机器学习异常检测技术的分析:k均值聚类,局部离群因子和隔离森林。利用从现实物联网水产养殖系统中获得的多个传感器数据集,对上述技术进行了广泛的分析,特别是温度、溶解氧和ph参数。评估分析表明,K-Means和隔离森林异常检测方法在检测这三个水产养殖参数的异常方面显示出良好的结果。
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引用次数: 1
Artificial Intelligence in Education: Developing Competencies and Supporting Teachers in Implementing AI in School Learning Environments 教育中的人工智能:培养能力并支持教师在学校学习环境中实施人工智能
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10155054
Andrej Flogie, Maja Vičič Krabonja
Implementing digital technology, and especially artificial intelligence, in schools is becoming an increasingly significant challenge for society. Digital services supported by artificial intelligence are becoming more prevalent in all aspects of social life, including schools. The project “Innovative Learning Environments Supported by Digital Technologies” aims to introduce artificial intelligence as a support for transforming teaching in a way that prepares learning opportunities for students, where they can acquire knowledge and develop digital competencies. Teachers need knowledge and tools to assess whether AI-supported activities are appropriate for achieving their goals and enabling the transformation of teaching. Within the project, we have tested three models to assist teachers in implementing digital technology and AI. Based on the analysis of submitted good practice cases, we found that the most suitable scale for teachers in the project “Innovative Learning Environments Supported by ICT” is the RAT scale.
在学校实施数字技术,特别是人工智能,正成为社会面临的日益重大的挑战。人工智能支持的数字服务在包括学校在内的社会生活的各个方面变得越来越普遍。“数码科技支持的创新学习环境”项目旨在引入人工智能,支持教学转型,为学生提供学习机会,使他们能够获取知识和发展数码能力。教师需要知识和工具来评估人工智能支持的活动是否适合实现其目标并实现教学转型。在该项目中,我们测试了三种模型,以帮助教师实施数字技术和人工智能。通过对提交的良好实践案例的分析,我们发现“ICT支持的创新学习环境”项目中最适合教师的量表是RAT量表。
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引用次数: 2
Applicability of Deep Learning Model Trainings on Embedded GPU Devices: An Empirical Study 深度学习模型训练在嵌入式GPU设备上的适用性:实证研究
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10155048
Po-Hsuan Chou, Chao Wang, Chih-Shuo Mei
The wide applications of deep learning techniques have motivated the inclusion of both embedded GPU devices and workstation GPU cards into contemporary Industrial Internet-of-Things (IIoT) systems. Due to substantial differences between the two types of GPUs, deep-learning model training in its current practice is run on GPU cards, and embedded GPU devices are used for inferences or partial model training at best. To supply with empirical evidence and aid the decision of deep learning workload placement, this paper reports a set of experiments on the timeliness and energy efficiency of each GPU type, running both Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model training. The results suggest that embedded GPUs did save the total energy cost despite the longer response time, but the amount of energy saving might not be significant in a practical sense. Further in this paper we report a case study for prognostics applications using LSTM. The results suggest that, by comparison, an embedded GPU may save about 90 percent of energy consumption at the cost of doubling the application response time. But neither the save in energy cost nor the increase in response time is significant enough to impact the application. These findings suggest that it may be feasible to place model training workload on either workstation GPU or embedded GPU.
深度学习技术的广泛应用推动了嵌入式GPU设备和工作站GPU卡在当代工业物联网(IIoT)系统中的应用。由于两种GPU之间的本质差异,深度学习模型训练在其目前的实践中是在GPU卡上运行的,并且最多使用嵌入式GPU设备进行推理或部分模型训练。为了提供经验证据并帮助深度学习工作负载布局的决策,本文报告了一组关于每种GPU类型的时效性和能量效率的实验,同时运行卷积神经网络(CNN)和长短期记忆(LSTM)模型训练。结果表明,尽管响应时间较长,嵌入式gpu确实节省了总能源成本,但节能量在实际意义上可能并不显著。在本文中,我们报告了一个使用LSTM进行预测应用的案例研究。结果表明,相比之下,嵌入式GPU可以节省约90%的能耗,但代价是应用程序响应时间增加一倍。但是,无论是能源成本的节省还是响应时间的增加都不足以影响应用程序。这些发现表明,将模型训练工作量放在工作站GPU或嵌入式GPU上是可行的。
{"title":"Applicability of Deep Learning Model Trainings on Embedded GPU Devices: An Empirical Study","authors":"Po-Hsuan Chou, Chao Wang, Chih-Shuo Mei","doi":"10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10155048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10155048","url":null,"abstract":"The wide applications of deep learning techniques have motivated the inclusion of both embedded GPU devices and workstation GPU cards into contemporary Industrial Internet-of-Things (IIoT) systems. Due to substantial differences between the two types of GPUs, deep-learning model training in its current practice is run on GPU cards, and embedded GPU devices are used for inferences or partial model training at best. To supply with empirical evidence and aid the decision of deep learning workload placement, this paper reports a set of experiments on the timeliness and energy efficiency of each GPU type, running both Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model training. The results suggest that embedded GPUs did save the total energy cost despite the longer response time, but the amount of energy saving might not be significant in a practical sense. Further in this paper we report a case study for prognostics applications using LSTM. The results suggest that, by comparison, an embedded GPU may save about 90 percent of energy consumption at the cost of doubling the application response time. But neither the save in energy cost nor the increase in response time is significant enough to impact the application. These findings suggest that it may be feasible to place model training workload on either workstation GPU or embedded GPU.","PeriodicalId":187825,"journal":{"name":"2023 12th Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123835989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Development of a Prototype COVID-19 Swab Sampling using Educational 4-axis Robotic Arm 基于教育四轴机械臂的新型冠状病毒拭子采样样机的研制
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10155060
Ercan Canhasi, Dhuratë Hyseni
The heightened transmissibility of the coronavirus presents significant hazards for medical professionals conducting face-to-face COVID-19 swab tests. To address this concern, we recommend employing a 4-axis instructional robotic arm, outfitted with a variety of control mechanisms for swab collection. The robot is designed with a versatile manipulator, an endoscope paired with a display, and a master apparatus. The adaptable manipulator enhances testee safety, while the master apparatus's analogous structure simplifies operation for medical professionals. By leveraging the endoscope's visual output, the practitioner can manage the movement of the swab affixed to the manipulator during the collection process. This paper introduces the preliminary robotic system, encompassing its functional space and procedural steps. We also propose future experimental endeavors, such as 1) assessing the manipulator's precision under visual supervision, and 2) conducting a human phantom experiment to validate the robot's practicality.
冠状病毒的高传播性对进行面对面COVID-19拭子测试的医疗专业人员构成了重大危害。为了解决这个问题,我们建议采用一个四轴教学机械臂,配备各种控制机构进行拭子收集。该机器人设计有一个多功能机械手,一个与显示器配对的内窥镜和一个主控装置。适应性机械手提高了被试者的安全性,而主装置的类似结构简化了医疗专业人员的操作。通过利用内窥镜的视觉输出,从业者可以在收集过程中管理附着在机械臂上的拭子的运动。本文介绍了初步的机器人系统,包括其功能空间和程序步骤。我们还提出了未来的实验工作,例如1)在视觉监督下评估机械手的精度,以及2)进行人体幻影实验以验证机器人的实用性。
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引用次数: 0
SYNTROFOS: A Wearable Device for Vital Sign Monitoring, Hardware and Signal Processing Aspects SYNTROFOS:用于生命体征监测、硬件和信号处理方面的可穿戴设备
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10154966
R. Stojanovic, Jovan Djurkovic, Slaviša Mijušković, B. Lutovac, A. Škraba
Healthcare wearables have become very powerful and useful devices that are able to detect and monitor vital signs. Through recent applications and products, they have proven to be particularly effective in detecting symptoms of COVID-19. In this paper, we present an optimized design of a device, named SYNTROFOS, capable of detecting heart rate, respiration rate, and temperature. The analog and digital hardware employs off-the-shelf components, while the signal processing algorithms are optimized for implementation on low-power, low-cost, and small-sized memory microcontrollers. The decision-making and visualization interface is extremely simplified, indicating only good and bad states. Via the attached BLE Beacon the system sends the altering messages to close environment or remote medical staff. During the testing, significant noise immunity and satisfactory accuracy, less than 1 beat (breaths) per minute, are achieved. Although the presentation includes the overall system architecture, the focus is on hardware design challenges and optimized signal processing algorithms.
医疗可穿戴设备已经成为非常强大和有用的设备,能够检测和监测生命体征。通过最近的应用和产品,它们已被证明在检测COVID-19症状方面特别有效。在本文中,我们提出了一个优化设计的装置,称为SYNTROFOS,能够检测心率,呼吸速率和温度。模拟和数字硬件采用现成的组件,而信号处理算法则针对低功耗、低成本和小尺寸内存微控制器进行了优化。决策和可视化界面极其简化,只显示好状态和坏状态。通过附加的BLE信标,系统将改变的信息发送给封闭环境或远程医务人员。在测试过程中,实现了显著的抗噪性和令人满意的精度,每分钟少于1次心跳(呼吸)。虽然演示包括整个系统架构,但重点是硬件设计挑战和优化的信号处理算法。
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引用次数: 1
Time-Domain Model Matching Under General Norms via Sparse Matrix Methods 稀疏矩阵方法在一般范数下的时域模型匹配
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/MECO58584.2023.10155005
John W. Handler, M. Harker, G. Rath
This paper presents a new approach to the task of time-domain model matching for state-space systems. The traditional problem formulation of designing a controller to match a reference model is relaxed to matching only a desired reference response. The presented algorithm then computes the feedback gain that delivers the best fit solution to the reference response under general norms. Additionally, the proposed discretization approach enables the employment of sparse matrix methods which enables a numerically efficient implementation. The new method is successfully verified using a random system. Additionally, an application example involving a simplified gantry crane system is presented, showcasing the practicality of the approach. Overall, the new method provides an intuitive and numerically efficient solution to the problem of time-domain model matching for state-space systems.
本文提出了一种新的状态空间系统的时域模型匹配方法。传统的设计控制器以匹配参考模型的问题表述被放宽为只匹配一个期望的参考响应。然后,该算法计算在一般范数下给出参考响应最佳拟合解的反馈增益。此外,所提出的离散化方法可以使用稀疏矩阵方法,从而实现数值上的高效实现。用一个随机系统成功地验证了新方法。最后给出了一个简化龙门起重机系统的应用实例,说明了该方法的实用性。总体而言,该方法为状态空间系统的时域模型匹配问题提供了一种直观且数值高效的解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2023 12th Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO)
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