Yuyan Guo, Shuangyu Shao, Ruinan Gu, Xiubo Hu, Man Zhao, Yanbo Peng, Wenyuan Zhang, Beining Zhang, Jiaxin Ding, Na Wang, Haisheng Peng, Jinxia Han
Abstract Early diagnosis of cancer is beneficial to improve the outcomes of clinical treatment and reduce cancer mortality. Nanomaterials (NMs) have exhibited significant advantages in early diagnosis of cancer. Due to the integrated structure and features of NMs, they can easily penetrate the tissue for the in vivo diagnosis and identify cancer cells after specific conjugation with unique markers expressed on or within the cancer cells based on the biological imaging such as Raman imaging, fluorescence imaging, and near-infrared imaging, whereas the NMs for the in vitro diagnosis can detect signals based on the electrochemical reactions, immune reactions, and colorimetric reactions, analyzing cancer markers such as small molecules, proteins (or enzymes), genetic materials or cells in the blood, urine, and saliva. NMs with novel physical properties facilitate the detection and imaging of low concentrations and enable the sensitive capture of small cancer biomarkers, achieving early cancer detection. However, a comprehensive summary of such NMs has not been reported. This article provides a detailed review of the types and diagnostic mechanisms of NMs for early cancer diagnosis, emphasizing new perspectives on the use of the in vivo and the in vitro NMs for early cancer diagnosis and proposing the development prospects of such NMs. This will provide new ideas and scientific references for the application of NMs in early cancer diagnosis. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Application of nanomaterials in early diagnosis of cancer","authors":"Yuyan Guo, Shuangyu Shao, Ruinan Gu, Xiubo Hu, Man Zhao, Yanbo Peng, Wenyuan Zhang, Beining Zhang, Jiaxin Ding, Na Wang, Haisheng Peng, Jinxia Han","doi":"10.1515/ntrev-2023-0116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2023-0116","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Early diagnosis of cancer is beneficial to improve the outcomes of clinical treatment and reduce cancer mortality. Nanomaterials (NMs) have exhibited significant advantages in early diagnosis of cancer. Due to the integrated structure and features of NMs, they can easily penetrate the tissue for the in vivo diagnosis and identify cancer cells after specific conjugation with unique markers expressed on or within the cancer cells based on the biological imaging such as Raman imaging, fluorescence imaging, and near-infrared imaging, whereas the NMs for the in vitro diagnosis can detect signals based on the electrochemical reactions, immune reactions, and colorimetric reactions, analyzing cancer markers such as small molecules, proteins (or enzymes), genetic materials or cells in the blood, urine, and saliva. NMs with novel physical properties facilitate the detection and imaging of low concentrations and enable the sensitive capture of small cancer biomarkers, achieving early cancer detection. However, a comprehensive summary of such NMs has not been reported. This article provides a detailed review of the types and diagnostic mechanisms of NMs for early cancer diagnosis, emphasizing new perspectives on the use of the in vivo and the in vitro NMs for early cancer diagnosis and proposing the development prospects of such NMs. This will provide new ideas and scientific references for the application of NMs in early cancer diagnosis. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":18839,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49249353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaolong Sun, Zhengbing Yuan, Z. Huang, Qin Xu, Yongqiang Zhu, Xinquan Xu, Jun Yuan, Zhisheng Liu, Yikang Zhang, Qian Chen, Alex Hay-Man Ng
Abstract The polyurea elastomer (PUA) powder modifier was prepared by the method of spraying–initial crushing–fine grinding, and then, the PUA-modified asphalt was produced. The typical functional structure of PUA was identified and characterized. The apparent viscosity of PUA-modified asphalt was tested at different temperatures. The impact of particle size and content of PUA on creep and recovery properties of asphalt at high temperature was investigated through the multiple stress creep recovery test. The mesothermal fatigue behavior of PUA-modified asphalt was evaluated by means of time sweep and linear amplitude sweep. Results indicated that the high elastic properties of PUA materials might depend on the spherical structure inside PUA material. The diameter of functional structure was around 20 µm and presented as 3D ball structure. The increase in PUA particle size would lead to the increase in cracks and folds in the bonding surface PUA modifier could improve by about 50% of the apparent viscosity significantly. Furthermore, PUA modifier could promote the high-temperature rutting resistance and middle-temperature fatigue property of asphalt. The improving effect on R could reach almost 28% and the 0.075 mm could be the best application size of PUA.
{"title":"Applying solution of spray polyurea elastomer in asphalt binder: Feasibility analysis and DSR study based on the MSCR and LAS tests","authors":"Xiaolong Sun, Zhengbing Yuan, Z. Huang, Qin Xu, Yongqiang Zhu, Xinquan Xu, Jun Yuan, Zhisheng Liu, Yikang Zhang, Qian Chen, Alex Hay-Man Ng","doi":"10.1515/ntrev-2022-0508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2022-0508","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The polyurea elastomer (PUA) powder modifier was prepared by the method of spraying–initial crushing–fine grinding, and then, the PUA-modified asphalt was produced. The typical functional structure of PUA was identified and characterized. The apparent viscosity of PUA-modified asphalt was tested at different temperatures. The impact of particle size and content of PUA on creep and recovery properties of asphalt at high temperature was investigated through the multiple stress creep recovery test. The mesothermal fatigue behavior of PUA-modified asphalt was evaluated by means of time sweep and linear amplitude sweep. Results indicated that the high elastic properties of PUA materials might depend on the spherical structure inside PUA material. The diameter of functional structure was around 20 µm and presented as 3D ball structure. The increase in PUA particle size would lead to the increase in cracks and folds in the bonding surface PUA modifier could improve by about 50% of the apparent viscosity significantly. Furthermore, PUA modifier could promote the high-temperature rutting resistance and middle-temperature fatigue property of asphalt. The improving effect on R could reach almost 28% and the 0.075 mm could be the best application size of PUA.","PeriodicalId":18839,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49322519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yingzheng Yin, Jie Ding, Yu Cao, Shaozhi Li, Qingbo Ma, Jinyang Li, Xiaoling Xu, D. Hui, Zuowan Zhou
Abstract It is quite necessary to develop a safe and efficient technique for disinfection of drinking water to avoid waterborne pathogens of infectious diseases. Herein, ZnO nanoarray electrodes with different sizes were investigated for low-voltage and high-efficiency electroporation disinfection. The results indicated that the ZnO nano-pyramid with small tip width and proper length exhibited over 99.9% disinfection efficiency against Escherichia coli under 1 V and a flow rate of 10 mL/min (contact time of 1.2 s). The suitable size of the nanoarray for electroporation disinfection was optimized by establishing the correlation between four kinds of ZnO nanoarrays and their efficiency of electroporation disinfection, which can guide the preparation of next-generation electroporation-disinfecting electrodes.
{"title":"Electroporation effect of ZnO nanoarrays under low voltage for water disinfection","authors":"Yingzheng Yin, Jie Ding, Yu Cao, Shaozhi Li, Qingbo Ma, Jinyang Li, Xiaoling Xu, D. Hui, Zuowan Zhou","doi":"10.1515/ntrev-2022-0555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2022-0555","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract It is quite necessary to develop a safe and efficient technique for disinfection of drinking water to avoid waterborne pathogens of infectious diseases. Herein, ZnO nanoarray electrodes with different sizes were investigated for low-voltage and high-efficiency electroporation disinfection. The results indicated that the ZnO nano-pyramid with small tip width and proper length exhibited over 99.9% disinfection efficiency against Escherichia coli under 1 V and a flow rate of 10 mL/min (contact time of 1.2 s). The suitable size of the nanoarray for electroporation disinfection was optimized by establishing the correlation between four kinds of ZnO nanoarrays and their efficiency of electroporation disinfection, which can guide the preparation of next-generation electroporation-disinfecting electrodes.","PeriodicalId":18839,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44251475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenjie Lu, Umar Farooq, Muhammad Imran, Wathek Chammam, Sayed M. El Din, Ali Akgül
Abstract Nanofluid performed well and produced good results in heat transport phenomena, attracting scientists to suspend other combinations of nanoparticles, called “hybrid nanofluid. Hybrid nanofluids are superior than nanofluids due to their thermal capabilities and emerging benefits that contribute to the boost in the rate of heat transmission. Applications for these nanoparticles, including sophisticated lubricants, are increasing in the fields of bioengineering and electricity. The main prospective of this research is to inquire about the water-based dual nature nanofluid stream numerical simulation through the irregular stretched sheet with heat transfer. In this perspective, silver with base fluid water is used as nanoparticles for nanofluid, and for making hybrid nanofluid, copper oxide and silver particles are used with water-based fluid. Modified Fourier and Fick’s model for heat flux utilized the above phenomenon and observed the heat and mass transport. Similarity variables are needed to transform the partial differential equations into associated nonlinear ordinary differential equations, which are then computationally resolved by the technique of bvp4c which is a built-in function in MATLAB mathematical software. Based on the concurrent approximations, reformations are performed to determine the impact of various quantities on flow variables. The predicted outcomes are depicted in velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles through graphical depiction. The factors indicate that the hybrid nanofluid is more powerful in the transfer of heat than a basic nanofluid because of its superior thermal characteristics. The velocity profile decays for the increasing values of Darcy-Forchheimer parameter. The thermal profile increases for the higher magnitude of Darcy-Forchheimer parameter. The velocity distribution profile increases for the higher values of curvature parameter, while the thermal profile decreases. This unique work might benefit nanotechnology and related nanocomponents. This safe size-controlled biosynthesis of Ag and CuO nanoparticles has resulted in a low-cost nanotechnology that may be used in a variety of applications. Biosynthesized Ag and CuO particles have been used successfully in a variety of applications, including biomedical, antibacterial agents, biological, food safety, and biosensing, to mention a few.
{"title":"Comparative investigations of Ag/H<sub>2</sub>O nanofluid and Ag-CuO/H<sub>2</sub>O hybrid nanofluid with Darcy-Forchheimer flow over a curved surface","authors":"Wenjie Lu, Umar Farooq, Muhammad Imran, Wathek Chammam, Sayed M. El Din, Ali Akgül","doi":"10.1515/ntrev-2023-0136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2023-0136","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nanofluid performed well and produced good results in heat transport phenomena, attracting scientists to suspend other combinations of nanoparticles, called “hybrid nanofluid. Hybrid nanofluids are superior than nanofluids due to their thermal capabilities and emerging benefits that contribute to the boost in the rate of heat transmission. Applications for these nanoparticles, including sophisticated lubricants, are increasing in the fields of bioengineering and electricity. The main prospective of this research is to inquire about the water-based dual nature nanofluid stream numerical simulation through the irregular stretched sheet with heat transfer. In this perspective, silver with base fluid water is used as nanoparticles for nanofluid, and for making hybrid nanofluid, copper oxide and silver particles are used with water-based fluid. Modified Fourier and Fick’s model for heat flux utilized the above phenomenon and observed the heat and mass transport. Similarity variables are needed to transform the partial differential equations into associated nonlinear ordinary differential equations, which are then computationally resolved by the technique of bvp4c which is a built-in function in MATLAB mathematical software. Based on the concurrent approximations, reformations are performed to determine the impact of various quantities on flow variables. The predicted outcomes are depicted in velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles through graphical depiction. The factors indicate that the hybrid nanofluid is more powerful in the transfer of heat than a basic nanofluid because of its superior thermal characteristics. The velocity profile decays for the increasing values of Darcy-Forchheimer parameter. The thermal profile increases for the higher magnitude of Darcy-Forchheimer parameter. The velocity distribution profile increases for the higher values of curvature parameter, while the thermal profile decreases. This unique work might benefit nanotechnology and related nanocomponents. This safe size-controlled biosynthesis of Ag and CuO nanoparticles has resulted in a low-cost nanotechnology that may be used in a variety of applications. Biosynthesized Ag and CuO particles have been used successfully in a variety of applications, including biomedical, antibacterial agents, biological, food safety, and biosensing, to mention a few.","PeriodicalId":18839,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology Reviews","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135610788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract A method was proposed to synthesize hollow flower-like NiCo 2 O 4 composed of porous nanosheets using a self-template approach. The unique structure is attributed to the synergistic effect of the Kirkendall effect and the Ostwald ripening mechanism. The sheet-like and porous structure endowed the material with a specific surface area of 137.1 m 2 g −1 and a pore volume of 0.418 cm 3 g −1 . The distinctive structure and high-density active sites imparted excellent catalytic performance in oxygen reduction (ORR) and oxygen evolution (OER) reactions. Electrochemical tests showed that the limit current density of ORR reached 5.58 mA cm −2 , comparable to that of the noble metal Pt/C (20 wt%). The overpotential of OER at a current density of 10 mA cm −2 was only 380 mV, significantly lower than that of the noble metal RuO 2 . These results indicate that the synthesized hollow flower-like NiCo 2 O 4 has the potential to replace noble metals in ORR and OER catalytic applications.
摘要:提出了一种利用自模板法合成多孔纳米片空心花状nico2o4的方法。这种独特的结构归因于Kirkendall效应和Ostwald成熟机制的协同作用。片状多孔结构使材料的比表面积为137.1 m 2 g−1，孔体积为0.418 cm 3 g−1。独特的结构和高密度的活性位点使其在氧还原(ORR)和析氧(OER)反应中具有优异的催化性能。电化学测试表明，ORR的极限电流密度达到5.58 mA cm−2，与贵金属Pt/C的极限电流密度相当(20% wt%)。在电流密度为10 mA cm−2时，OER的过电位仅为380 mV，明显低于贵金属若o2。这些结果表明，合成的空心花状nico2o4在ORR和OER催化应用中具有取代贵金属的潜力。
{"title":"Self-template synthesis of hollow flower-like NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles as an efficient bifunctional catalyst for oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution in alkaline media","authors":"Lixiang Fu, Jingling Ma, Zhikang Zhang, Guangxin Wang, Yuliang Liu, Wuhui Li","doi":"10.1515/ntrev-2023-0103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2023-0103","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A method was proposed to synthesize hollow flower-like NiCo 2 O 4 composed of porous nanosheets using a self-template approach. The unique structure is attributed to the synergistic effect of the Kirkendall effect and the Ostwald ripening mechanism. The sheet-like and porous structure endowed the material with a specific surface area of 137.1 m 2 g −1 and a pore volume of 0.418 cm 3 g −1 . The distinctive structure and high-density active sites imparted excellent catalytic performance in oxygen reduction (ORR) and oxygen evolution (OER) reactions. Electrochemical tests showed that the limit current density of ORR reached 5.58 mA cm −2 , comparable to that of the noble metal Pt/C (20 wt%). The overpotential of OER at a current density of 10 mA cm −2 was only 380 mV, significantly lower than that of the noble metal RuO 2 . These results indicate that the synthesized hollow flower-like NiCo 2 O 4 has the potential to replace noble metals in ORR and OER catalytic applications.","PeriodicalId":18839,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology Reviews","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135954220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nurul Huda Abd Kadir, Nur Anniesa Farhana Mohd Roza, Azmat Ali Khan, Azhar U. Khan, Mahboob Alam
Abstract The goal of this work was to assess the cytotoxicity, chemical characteristics, thermal stability, and antioxidant activity of green-synthesized MgO nanoparticles (MgO NPs) produced from pumpkin seed extract for their potential therapeutic implications in cancer treatment. The shape, chemical properties, and thermal stability of MgO NPs made with green synthesis were looked at with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopic (TEM) imaging, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), ultraviolet-visible, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis. Three cell lines, HCT-116, HT29, and Vero, were used to test the cytotoxicity of MgO NPs. The AlamarBlue® assay was used for HCT-116 and Vero cells, and the Neutral Red (NR) Uptake Assay was used for HT29 cells. A molecular docking study was done to find out how MgO nanoparticles and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), a protein linked to cancerous cells growing out of control, interact. The morphological properties, size, aggregation, shapeless pores, and high surface-to-area volume ratio of biosynthesized MgO NPs were shown using SEM and TEM imagings. The elemental composition of Mg and O in green-synthesized MgO NPs was validated using EDX. The AlamarBlue ® assay did not yield IC 50 values for HCT-116 and Vero cells, suggesting minimal cytotoxicity in these cell lines. However, the NR Uptake Assay showed an IC 50 of 164.1 µg/mL for HT29 cells, indicating a significant impact. The DPPH experiment revealed that MgO nanoparticles had high antioxidant activity, with a scavenging capacity of 61% and an IC 50 of 170 μg/mL. In conclusion, MgO nanoparticles produced utilizing green chemistry demonstrated a wide range of biological features, including antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity against three cell lines. According to molecular docking studies, these nanoparticles may interact with CDK2, a protein implicated in cancer cell growth. These findings emphasize MgO nanoparticles’ potential for cancer treatment. However, further study is needed to understand the underlying processes and investigate therapeutic applications.
{"title":"Exploring the potential of biogenic magnesium oxide nanoparticles for cytotoxicity: <i>In vitro</i> and <i>in silico</i> studies on HCT116 and HT29 cells and DPPH radical scavenging","authors":"Nurul Huda Abd Kadir, Nur Anniesa Farhana Mohd Roza, Azmat Ali Khan, Azhar U. Khan, Mahboob Alam","doi":"10.1515/ntrev-2023-0141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2023-0141","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The goal of this work was to assess the cytotoxicity, chemical characteristics, thermal stability, and antioxidant activity of green-synthesized MgO nanoparticles (MgO NPs) produced from pumpkin seed extract for their potential therapeutic implications in cancer treatment. The shape, chemical properties, and thermal stability of MgO NPs made with green synthesis were looked at with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopic (TEM) imaging, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), ultraviolet-visible, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis. Three cell lines, HCT-116, HT29, and Vero, were used to test the cytotoxicity of MgO NPs. The AlamarBlue® assay was used for HCT-116 and Vero cells, and the Neutral Red (NR) Uptake Assay was used for HT29 cells. A molecular docking study was done to find out how MgO nanoparticles and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), a protein linked to cancerous cells growing out of control, interact. The morphological properties, size, aggregation, shapeless pores, and high surface-to-area volume ratio of biosynthesized MgO NPs were shown using SEM and TEM imagings. The elemental composition of Mg and O in green-synthesized MgO NPs was validated using EDX. The AlamarBlue ® assay did not yield IC 50 values for HCT-116 and Vero cells, suggesting minimal cytotoxicity in these cell lines. However, the NR Uptake Assay showed an IC 50 of 164.1 µg/mL for HT29 cells, indicating a significant impact. The DPPH experiment revealed that MgO nanoparticles had high antioxidant activity, with a scavenging capacity of 61% and an IC 50 of 170 μg/mL. In conclusion, MgO nanoparticles produced utilizing green chemistry demonstrated a wide range of biological features, including antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity against three cell lines. According to molecular docking studies, these nanoparticles may interact with CDK2, a protein implicated in cancer cell growth. These findings emphasize MgO nanoparticles’ potential for cancer treatment. However, further study is needed to understand the underlying processes and investigate therapeutic applications.","PeriodicalId":18839,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology Reviews","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135058425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Alharbi, M. Bilal, Aatif Ali, S. M. Eldin, A. Alburaikan, H. A. Khalifa
Abstract In the current study, we numerically analyze the significance of motile microbes on the magnetohydrodynamic steady convective streams of tangent hyperbolic (TH) nanofluid flow across an elastic nonlinearly stretching surface of an irregular thickness. The consequences of an external magnetic field, thermal radiation, and thermal conductivity are also examined on the TH nanofluid. The governing system of equations (nonlinear set of partial differential equations) is transfigured into a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by using the similarity variable conversions. Furthermore, the reduced form of nonlinear ODEs is numerically computed through the parametric continuation method (PCM) using MATLAB software. The relative evaluation is carried out to authenticate the numerical outcomes. It has been observed that the energy field accelerates with the Rayleigh number, Weissenberg number, and Brownian motion. The mass propagation ratio improves with the effect of activation energy and decreases with the influence of chemical reactions. Furthermore, the motile microbes’ profile declined with the outcome of the Peclet and Lewis numbers. The skin friction increases up to 7.3% with various magnetic values ranging from 0.5 to 1.5. However, the energy transfer rate declines to 5.92%. The thermal radiation boosts the energy propagation rate and flow velocity by up to 11.23 and 8.17%, respectively.
{"title":"Significance of gyrotactic microorganisms on the MHD tangent hyperbolic nanofluid flow across an elastic slender surface: Numerical analysis","authors":"K. Alharbi, M. Bilal, Aatif Ali, S. M. Eldin, A. Alburaikan, H. A. Khalifa","doi":"10.1515/ntrev-2023-0106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2023-0106","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the current study, we numerically analyze the significance of motile microbes on the magnetohydrodynamic steady convective streams of tangent hyperbolic (TH) nanofluid flow across an elastic nonlinearly stretching surface of an irregular thickness. The consequences of an external magnetic field, thermal radiation, and thermal conductivity are also examined on the TH nanofluid. The governing system of equations (nonlinear set of partial differential equations) is transfigured into a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by using the similarity variable conversions. Furthermore, the reduced form of nonlinear ODEs is numerically computed through the parametric continuation method (PCM) using MATLAB software. The relative evaluation is carried out to authenticate the numerical outcomes. It has been observed that the energy field accelerates with the Rayleigh number, Weissenberg number, and Brownian motion. The mass propagation ratio improves with the effect of activation energy and decreases with the influence of chemical reactions. Furthermore, the motile microbes’ profile declined with the outcome of the Peclet and Lewis numbers. The skin friction increases up to 7.3% with various magnetic values ranging from 0.5 to 1.5. However, the energy transfer rate declines to 5.92%. The thermal radiation boosts the energy propagation rate and flow velocity by up to 11.23 and 8.17%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":18839,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41633540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Lapčík, Harun Sepetcioglu, Yousef Murtaja, B. Lapčíková, M. Vašina, M. Ovsik, M. Stanek, S. Gautam
Abstract This article aimed to compare various mechanical properties of epoxy/graphene and epoxy/halloysite nanocomposites. Graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were used as fillers at different concentrations. The studied fillers were dispersed in the epoxy resin matrices. Elastic–plastic mechanical behavior modulation was observed utilizing the fillers’ nanoparticles and carboxyl-terminated butadiene–acrylonitrile copolymer rubber-modified epoxy resin. The hypothesis of the possible preceding inter-particle gliding of the individual GnPs in the complex resin nanocomposite matrix during mechanical testings was also confirmed. Increased ductility (elongation at break increased from 0.33 mm [neat matrix] to 0.46 mm [1 wt% GnPs] [39% increase]) and plasticity of the GnP nanocomposite samples were observed. In contrast, the decreasing mechanical stiffness as reflected in the decreased Young’s modulus of elasticity (from 3.4 to 2.7 GPa [20% decrease]) was found for the epoxy/HNT nanocomposites. The obtained dynamic stiffness of the investigated nanocomposites confirmed the complexity of the mechanical response of the studied material systems as a combination of the ductile and brittle phenomena.
摘要本文旨在比较环氧/石墨烯和环氧/高岭土纳米复合材料的各种力学性能。采用不同浓度的石墨烯纳米片(GnPs)和高岭土纳米管(HNTs)作为填料。所研究的填料分散在环氧树脂基体中。利用纳米填料和端羧基丁二烯-丙烯腈共聚物橡胶改性环氧树脂对弹塑性力学行为进行了调节。在力学测试中，单个GnPs在复合树脂纳米复合材料基体中可能预先发生粒子间滑动的假设也得到了证实。结果表明，GnP纳米复合材料的延展性(断裂伸长率从0.33 mm[纯基体]提高到0.46 mm [1 wt% GnPs][提高39%])和塑性均有所提高。相比之下，环氧树脂/HNT纳米复合材料的机械刚度下降，反映在杨氏弹性模量下降(从3.4到2.7 GPa[降低20%])。所获得的纳米复合材料的动刚度证实了所研究材料系统力学响应的复杂性，即韧性和脆性现象的结合。
{"title":"Study of mechanical properties of epoxy/graphene and epoxy/halloysite nanocomposites","authors":"L. Lapčík, Harun Sepetcioglu, Yousef Murtaja, B. Lapčíková, M. Vašina, M. Ovsik, M. Stanek, S. Gautam","doi":"10.1515/ntrev-2022-0520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2022-0520","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article aimed to compare various mechanical properties of epoxy/graphene and epoxy/halloysite nanocomposites. Graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were used as fillers at different concentrations. The studied fillers were dispersed in the epoxy resin matrices. Elastic–plastic mechanical behavior modulation was observed utilizing the fillers’ nanoparticles and carboxyl-terminated butadiene–acrylonitrile copolymer rubber-modified epoxy resin. The hypothesis of the possible preceding inter-particle gliding of the individual GnPs in the complex resin nanocomposite matrix during mechanical testings was also confirmed. Increased ductility (elongation at break increased from 0.33 mm [neat matrix] to 0.46 mm [1 wt% GnPs] [39% increase]) and plasticity of the GnP nanocomposite samples were observed. In contrast, the decreasing mechanical stiffness as reflected in the decreased Young’s modulus of elasticity (from 3.4 to 2.7 GPa [20% decrease]) was found for the epoxy/HNT nanocomposites. The obtained dynamic stiffness of the investigated nanocomposites confirmed the complexity of the mechanical response of the studied material systems as a combination of the ductile and brittle phenomena.","PeriodicalId":18839,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44867149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Vlassov, D. Bocharov, B. Polyakov, Mikk Vahtrus, A. Šutka, S. Oras, Veronika Zadin, A. Kyritsakis
Abstract In this critical review, we call attention to a widespread problem related to the vast disagreement in elastic moduli values reported by different authors for nanostructures made of the same material. As a particular example, we focus on ZnO nanowires (NWs), which are among the most intensively studied nanomaterials due to their remarkable physical properties and promising applications. Since ZnO NWs possess piezoelectric effects, many applications involve mechanical deformations. Therefore, there are plenty of works dedicated to the mechanical characterization of ZnO NWs using various experimental and computational techniques. Although the most of works consider exactly the same growth direction and wurtzite crystal structure, reported values of Young’s modulus vary drastically from author to author ranging from 20 to 800 GPa. Moreover, both – diameter dependent and independent – Young’s modulus values have been reported. In this work, we give a critical overview and perform a thorough analysis of the available experimental and theoretical works on the mechanical characterization of ZnO NWs in order to find out the most significant sources of errors and to bring out the most trustable results.
{"title":"Critical review on experimental and theoretical studies of elastic properties of wurtzite-structured ZnO nanowires","authors":"S. Vlassov, D. Bocharov, B. Polyakov, Mikk Vahtrus, A. Šutka, S. Oras, Veronika Zadin, A. Kyritsakis","doi":"10.1515/ntrev-2022-0505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2022-0505","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this critical review, we call attention to a widespread problem related to the vast disagreement in elastic moduli values reported by different authors for nanostructures made of the same material. As a particular example, we focus on ZnO nanowires (NWs), which are among the most intensively studied nanomaterials due to their remarkable physical properties and promising applications. Since ZnO NWs possess piezoelectric effects, many applications involve mechanical deformations. Therefore, there are plenty of works dedicated to the mechanical characterization of ZnO NWs using various experimental and computational techniques. Although the most of works consider exactly the same growth direction and wurtzite crystal structure, reported values of Young’s modulus vary drastically from author to author ranging from 20 to 800 GPa. Moreover, both – diameter dependent and independent – Young’s modulus values have been reported. In this work, we give a critical overview and perform a thorough analysis of the available experimental and theoretical works on the mechanical characterization of ZnO NWs in order to find out the most significant sources of errors and to bring out the most trustable results.","PeriodicalId":18839,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49263793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Raizah, Sadique Rehman, A. Saeed, Mohammad Akbar, S. M. Eldin, A. Galal
Abstract More effective and lengthy energy storage systems have been highly desired by researchers. Waste heat recovery, renewable energy, and combined heating and power reactors all utilize energy storage technologies. There are three techniques that are more effective for storing thermal energy: Latent heat storage is one type of energy storage, along with sensible heat storage and chemical heat storage. Latent thermal energy storage is far more efficient and affordable with these methods. A method of storing heat energy in a substance is melting. The substance is frozen to release the heat energy it had been storing. A ground-based pump’s heat exchanger coils around the soil freezing, tundra melting, magma solidification, and semiconducting processes are examples of melting phenomenon. Due to the above importance, the present study scrutinizes the behavior of third-grade nanofluid in a stagnation point deformed by the Riga plate. The Riga plate, an electromagnetic actuator, is made up of alternating electrodes and a permanent magnet that is positioned on a flat surface. Graphene nanoparticles are put in the base fluid (Mineral oil) to make a homogenous mixture. Mathematical modeling is acquired in the presence of melting phenomenon, quadratic stratification, viscous dissipation, and slippage velocity. Suitable transformations are utilized to get the highly non-linear system of ODEs. The remedy of temperature and velocity is acquired via the homotopic approach. Graphical sketches of various pertinent parameters are obtained through Mathematica software. The range of various pertinent parameters is 1 ≤ B 1 ≤ 4 , B 2 = 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , B 3 = 0.1 , 0.5 , 0.9 , 1.3 , 0.8 ≤ A ≤ 1.2 , Re = 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , S 1 = 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , M 1 = 1 , 6 , 11 , 16 , 0.1 ≤ ϑ ≤ 0.4 , 0.1 ≤ Q ≤ 0.4 , Ec = 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 0.1 ≤ S ≤ 0.4 and Nr = 1 , 6 , 11 , 16 1le {B}_{1}le 4,hspace{.5em}{B}_{2}=1,3,5,7,{B}_{3}=0.1,0.5,0.9,1.3,hspace{.5em}0.8le Ale 1.2,mathrm{Re}=1,3,5,7,hspace{.2em}{S}_{1}=1,3,5,7,hspace{.5em}{M}_{1}=1,6,11,16,hspace{.25em}0.1le {vartheta }le 0.4,hspace{.33em}0.1le Qle 0.4,text{Ec}=1,3,5,7,hspace{.5em}0.1le Sle 0.4hspace{.65em}text{and}hspace{.65em}text{Nr}=1,6,11,16 . Skin friction (drag forces) and Nusselt number (rate of heat transfer) are explained via graphs. The velocity is enhancing the function against melting parameter while temperature is the decelerating function as melting factor is amplified. The temperature field reduces with the accelerating estimations of stratified parameter. The energy and velocity profiles de-escalate with intensifying values of volume fraction parameter.
{"title":"Melting rheology in thermally stratified graphene-mineral oil reservoir (third-grade nanofluid) with slip condition","authors":"Z. Raizah, Sadique Rehman, A. Saeed, Mohammad Akbar, S. M. Eldin, A. Galal","doi":"10.1515/ntrev-2022-0511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2022-0511","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract More effective and lengthy energy storage systems have been highly desired by researchers. Waste heat recovery, renewable energy, and combined heating and power reactors all utilize energy storage technologies. There are three techniques that are more effective for storing thermal energy: Latent heat storage is one type of energy storage, along with sensible heat storage and chemical heat storage. Latent thermal energy storage is far more efficient and affordable with these methods. A method of storing heat energy in a substance is melting. The substance is frozen to release the heat energy it had been storing. A ground-based pump’s heat exchanger coils around the soil freezing, tundra melting, magma solidification, and semiconducting processes are examples of melting phenomenon. Due to the above importance, the present study scrutinizes the behavior of third-grade nanofluid in a stagnation point deformed by the Riga plate. The Riga plate, an electromagnetic actuator, is made up of alternating electrodes and a permanent magnet that is positioned on a flat surface. Graphene nanoparticles are put in the base fluid (Mineral oil) to make a homogenous mixture. Mathematical modeling is acquired in the presence of melting phenomenon, quadratic stratification, viscous dissipation, and slippage velocity. Suitable transformations are utilized to get the highly non-linear system of ODEs. The remedy of temperature and velocity is acquired via the homotopic approach. Graphical sketches of various pertinent parameters are obtained through Mathematica software. The range of various pertinent parameters is 1 ≤ B 1 ≤ 4 , B 2 = 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , B 3 = 0.1 , 0.5 , 0.9 , 1.3 , 0.8 ≤ A ≤ 1.2 , Re = 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , S 1 = 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , M 1 = 1 , 6 , 11 , 16 , 0.1 ≤ ϑ ≤ 0.4 , 0.1 ≤ Q ≤ 0.4 , Ec = 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 0.1 ≤ S ≤ 0.4 and Nr = 1 , 6 , 11 , 16 1le {B}_{1}le 4,hspace{.5em}{B}_{2}=1,3,5,7,{B}_{3}=0.1,0.5,0.9,1.3,hspace{.5em}0.8le Ale 1.2,mathrm{Re}=1,3,5,7,hspace{.2em}{S}_{1}=1,3,5,7,hspace{.5em}{M}_{1}=1,6,11,16,hspace{.25em}0.1le {vartheta }le 0.4,hspace{.33em}0.1le Qle 0.4,text{Ec}=1,3,5,7,hspace{.5em}0.1le Sle 0.4hspace{.65em}text{and}hspace{.65em}text{Nr}=1,6,11,16 . Skin friction (drag forces) and Nusselt number (rate of heat transfer) are explained via graphs. The velocity is enhancing the function against melting parameter while temperature is the decelerating function as melting factor is amplified. The temperature field reduces with the accelerating estimations of stratified parameter. The energy and velocity profiles de-escalate with intensifying values of volume fraction parameter.","PeriodicalId":18839,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47170474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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