The long-term preservation of large volumes of infrequently accessed cold data poses challenges to the storage community. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) is considered a promising solution due to its inherent physical stability and significant storage density. The information density and decoding sequence coverage are two important metrics that influence the efficiency of DNA data storage. In this study, we propose a novel coding scheme called DNA Palette code, which is suitable for cold data, especially time-series archival datasets. These datasets are not frequently accessed but necessitate reliable long-term storage for retrospective research. The DNA Palette code employs unordered combinations of index-free oligonucleotides (oligos) to represent binary information. It can achieve high net information density encoding and lossless decoding with low sequencing coverage. When sequencing reads are corrupted, it can still effectively recover partial information, preventing the complete failure of file retrieval. The in vivo testing of clinical brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data storage, as well as simulation validations using large-scale public MRI datasets (10 GB), planetary science datasets, and meteorological datasets, demonstrate the advantages of our coding scheme, including high information density, low decoding sequence coverage, and wide applicability.
长期保存大量不常访问的冷数据给存储界带来了挑战。脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）因其固有的物理稳定性和巨大的存储密度而被认为是一种有前途的解决方案。信息密度和解码序列覆盖率是影响 DNA 数据存储效率的两个重要指标。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种名为 DNA 调色板代码的新型编码方案，它适用于冷数据，尤其是时间序列档案数据集。这些数据集不经常被访问，但需要可靠的长期存储，以便进行回顾性研究。DNA 调色板代码采用无索引寡核苷酸（oligos）的无序组合来表示二进制信息。它可以在低测序覆盖率的情况下实现高净信息密度编码和无损解码。当测序读数被破坏时，它仍能有效恢复部分信息，防止文件检索完全失败。临床脑磁共振成像（MRI）数据存储的活体测试，以及使用大规模公共磁共振成像数据集（10 GB）、行星科学数据集和气象数据集进行的模拟验证，证明了我们的编码方案具有高信息密度、低解码序列覆盖率和广泛适用性等优势。
{"title":"DNA palette code for time-series archival data storage","authors":"Zihui Yan, Haoran Zhang, Boyuan Lu, Tong Han, Xiaoguang Tong, Yingjin Yuan","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwae321","url":null,"abstract":"The long-term preservation of large volumes of infrequently accessed cold data poses challenges to the storage community. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) is considered a promising solution due to its inherent physical stability and significant storage density. The information density and decoding sequence coverage are two important metrics that influence the efficiency of DNA data storage. In this study, we propose a novel coding scheme called DNA Palette code, which is suitable for cold data, especially time-series archival datasets. These datasets are not frequently accessed but necessitate reliable long-term storage for retrospective research. The DNA Palette code employs unordered combinations of index-free oligonucleotides (oligos) to represent binary information. It can achieve high net information density encoding and lossless decoding with low sequencing coverage. When sequencing reads are corrupted, it can still effectively recover partial information, preventing the complete failure of file retrieval. The in vivo testing of clinical brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data storage, as well as simulation validations using large-scale public MRI datasets (10 GB), planetary science datasets, and meteorological datasets, demonstrate the advantages of our coding scheme, including high information density, low decoding sequence coverage, and wide applicability.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"24 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adapting novel experimental techniques to address key knowledge gaps about the structure and properties of the interfacial liquid (IL) will enhance our understanding of its influence on electrochemical reactions, particularly in mediating species transport, charge transfer, and intermediate stability.
{"title":"Unveiling the interfacial liquid in electrochemical reactions","authors":"Joseph Nicolas, Rani Baidoun, Dohyung Kim","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwae318","url":null,"abstract":"Adapting novel experimental techniques to address key knowledge gaps about the structure and properties of the interfacial liquid (IL) will enhance our understanding of its influence on electrochemical reactions, particularly in mediating species transport, charge transfer, and intermediate stability.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mingfei Pan, Tao Shui, Ziqian Zhao, Li Xiang, Bin Yan, Ning Gu, Hongbo Zeng
Hydrogel bioadhesives, when applied to dysfunctional tissues substituting the epidermis or endothelium, exhibit compelling characteristics that enable revolutionary diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Despite their demonstrated efficacy, these hydrogels as soft implants are still limited by improper symmetric surface functions, leading to postoperative complications and disorders. Janus hydrogel bioadhesives with unique asymmetric surface designs have thus been proposed as a reliable and biocompatible hydrogel interface, mimicking the structural characteristics of natural biological barriers. In this comprehensive review, we provide guidelines for the rational design of Janus hydrogel bioadhesives, covering methods for hydrogel surface chemistry and microstructure engineering. The engineering of Janus hydrogels is highlighted, specifically in tuning the basal surface to facilitate instant and robust hydrogel-tissue integration and modulating the apical surface as the anti-adhesion, anti-fouling, and anti-wear barrier. These asymmetric designs hold great potential in clinical translation, supporting applications including hemostasis/tissue sealing, chronic wound management, and regenerative medicine. By shedding light on the potential of Janus hydrogels as bioactive interfaces, this review paper aims to inspire further research and overcome current obstacles for advancing soft matter in next-generation healthcare.
{"title":"Engineered Janus hydrogels: biomimetic surface engineering and biomedical applications","authors":"Mingfei Pan, Tao Shui, Ziqian Zhao, Li Xiang, Bin Yan, Ning Gu, Hongbo Zeng","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwae316","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogel bioadhesives, when applied to dysfunctional tissues substituting the epidermis or endothelium, exhibit compelling characteristics that enable revolutionary diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Despite their demonstrated efficacy, these hydrogels as soft implants are still limited by improper symmetric surface functions, leading to postoperative complications and disorders. Janus hydrogel bioadhesives with unique asymmetric surface designs have thus been proposed as a reliable and biocompatible hydrogel interface, mimicking the structural characteristics of natural biological barriers. In this comprehensive review, we provide guidelines for the rational design of Janus hydrogel bioadhesives, covering methods for hydrogel surface chemistry and microstructure engineering. The engineering of Janus hydrogels is highlighted, specifically in tuning the basal surface to facilitate instant and robust hydrogel-tissue integration and modulating the apical surface as the anti-adhesion, anti-fouling, and anti-wear barrier. These asymmetric designs hold great potential in clinical translation, supporting applications including hemostasis/tissue sealing, chronic wound management, and regenerative medicine. By shedding light on the potential of Janus hydrogels as bioactive interfaces, this review paper aims to inspire further research and overcome current obstacles for advancing soft matter in next-generation healthcare.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"218 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The shift towards sustainable energy requires efficient electrochemical conversion technologies, emphasizing the crucial need for robust electrocatalyst design. Recent findings reveal that the efficiency of some electrocatalytic reactions is spin-dependent, with spin configuration dictating performance. Consequently, understanding spin's role and controlling it in electrocatalysts is important. This review succinctly outlines recent investigations into spin-dependent electrocatalysis, stressing its importance in energy conversion. It begins with an introduction to spin-related features, discusses characterization techniques for identifying spin configurations, and explores strategies for fine-tuning them. At the end, the article provides insights into future research directions, aiming to reveal more un-known fundamentals of spin-dependent electrocatalysis and encouraging further exploration in spin-related research and applications.
{"title":"Spin-dependent electrocatalysis","authors":"Zhengjie Chen, Xiaoning Li, Hao Ma, Yuwei Zhang, Jing Peng, Tianyi Ma, Zhenxiang Cheng, Jose Gracia, Yuanmiao Sun, Zhichuan J Xu","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwae314","url":null,"abstract":"The shift towards sustainable energy requires efficient electrochemical conversion technologies, emphasizing the crucial need for robust electrocatalyst design. Recent findings reveal that the efficiency of some electrocatalytic reactions is spin-dependent, with spin configuration dictating performance. Consequently, understanding spin's role and controlling it in electrocatalysts is important. This review succinctly outlines recent investigations into spin-dependent electrocatalysis, stressing its importance in energy conversion. It begins with an introduction to spin-related features, discusses characterization techniques for identifying spin configurations, and explores strategies for fine-tuning them. At the end, the article provides insights into future research directions, aiming to reveal more un-known fundamentals of spin-dependent electrocatalysis and encouraging further exploration in spin-related research and applications.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The significant volume of existing buildings and ongoing annual construction of infrastructure underscore the vast potential for integrating large-scale energy storage solutions into these structures. Herein, we propose an innovative approach for developing structural and scalable energy storage systems by integrating safe and cost-effective zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors into cement mortar, which is the predominant material used for structural purposes. By performing air entrainment and leveraging the adverse reaction of the ZnSO4 electrolyte, we can engineer an aerated cement mortar with a multiscale pore structure that exhibits dual functionality: effective ion conductivity in the form of a cell separator and a robust load-bearing capacity that contributes to structural integrity. Consequently, a hybrid supercapacitor building block consisting of a tailored cement mortar, zinc metal anode, and active carbon cathode demonstrates exceptional specific energy density (71.4 Wh kg−1 at 68.7 W kg−1), high areal energy density (2.0 Wh m−2 at 1.9 W m−2), favorable cycling stability (∼92% capacity retention after 1000 cycles), and exceptional safety (endurance in a 1-hour combustion test). By demonstrating the scalability of the structural energy storage system coupled with solar energy generation, this new device exhibits great potential to revolutionize energy storage systems.
大量的现有建筑和每年不断进行的基础设施建设，凸显了将大规模储能解决方案集成到这些结构中的巨大潜力。在此，我们提出了一种创新方法，通过将安全且经济高效的锌离子混合超级电容器集成到水泥砂浆（用于结构目的的主要材料）中，开发结构性可扩展储能系统。通过夹带空气和利用 ZnSO4 电解质的逆反应，我们可以设计出一种具有多尺度孔隙结构的充气水泥砂浆，这种结构具有双重功能：以电池分离器的形式实现有效的离子传导性，以及有助于结构完整性的强大承载能力。因此，由定制水泥砂浆、锌金属阳极和活性碳阴极组成的混合超级电容器构件显示出卓越的比能量密度（71.4 Wh kg-1，68.7 W kg-1）、高面能量密度（2.0 Wh m-2，1.9 W m-2）、良好的循环稳定性（1000 次循环后容量保持率为 92%）和卓越的安全性（1 小时燃烧测试中的耐久性）。通过展示结构储能系统与太阳能发电相结合的可扩展性，这种新装置展现出了彻底改变储能系统的巨大潜力。
{"title":"Integration of zinc anode and cement: unlocking scalable energy storage","authors":"Zhaolong Liu, Pan Feng, Ruidan Liu, Long Yuan, Xiangyu Meng, Guanghui Tao, Jian Chen, Qianping Ran, Jinxiang Hong, Jiaping Liu, Changwen Miao","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwae309","url":null,"abstract":"The significant volume of existing buildings and ongoing annual construction of infrastructure underscore the vast potential for integrating large-scale energy storage solutions into these structures. Herein, we propose an innovative approach for developing structural and scalable energy storage systems by integrating safe and cost-effective zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors into cement mortar, which is the predominant material used for structural purposes. By performing air entrainment and leveraging the adverse reaction of the ZnSO4 electrolyte, we can engineer an aerated cement mortar with a multiscale pore structure that exhibits dual functionality: effective ion conductivity in the form of a cell separator and a robust load-bearing capacity that contributes to structural integrity. Consequently, a hybrid supercapacitor building block consisting of a tailored cement mortar, zinc metal anode, and active carbon cathode demonstrates exceptional specific energy density (71.4 Wh kg−1 at 68.7 W kg−1), high areal energy density (2.0 Wh m−2 at 1.9 W m−2), favorable cycling stability (∼92% capacity retention after 1000 cycles), and exceptional safety (endurance in a 1-hour combustion test). By demonstrating the scalability of the structural energy storage system coupled with solar energy generation, this new device exhibits great potential to revolutionize energy storage systems.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"448 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xuemin Fan, Xiao-Qi Sun, Penghao Zhu, Yuqiang Fang, Yongkang Ju, Yonghao Yuan, Jingming Yan, Fuqiang Huang, Taylor L Hughes, Peizhe Tang, Qi-Kun Xue, Wei Li
To achieve logic operations via Majorana braiding, positional control of the Majorana bound states (MBSs) must be established. Here we report the observation of a striped surface charge order coexisting with superconductivity and its interaction with the MBS in the topological superconductor 2M-WS2 using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy. By applying an out-of-plane magnetic field, we observe that MBS is absent in vortices in the region with stripe order. This is in contrast to adjacent underlaying layers without charge order where vortex-bound MBSs are observed. Via theoretical simulations, we show that the surface stripe order does not destroy the bulk topology, but it can effectively modify the spatial distribution of MBSs, i.e., it pushes them downward away from the 2M-WS2 surface. Our findings demonstrate that the interplay of charge order and topological superconductivity can potentially be used to tune the positions of MBS, and to explore of new states of matter.
{"title":"Stripe charge order and its interaction with Majorana bound states in 2M-WS2 topological superconductor","authors":"Xuemin Fan, Xiao-Qi Sun, Penghao Zhu, Yuqiang Fang, Yongkang Ju, Yonghao Yuan, Jingming Yan, Fuqiang Huang, Taylor L Hughes, Peizhe Tang, Qi-Kun Xue, Wei Li","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwae312","url":null,"abstract":"To achieve logic operations via Majorana braiding, positional control of the Majorana bound states (MBSs) must be established. Here we report the observation of a striped surface charge order coexisting with superconductivity and its interaction with the MBS in the topological superconductor 2M-WS2 using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy. By applying an out-of-plane magnetic field, we observe that MBS is absent in vortices in the region with stripe order. This is in contrast to adjacent underlaying layers without charge order where vortex-bound MBSs are observed. Via theoretical simulations, we show that the surface stripe order does not destroy the bulk topology, but it can effectively modify the spatial distribution of MBSs, i.e., it pushes them downward away from the 2M-WS2 surface. Our findings demonstrate that the interplay of charge order and topological superconductivity can potentially be used to tune the positions of MBS, and to explore of new states of matter.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-04eCollection Date: 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae310
Zhenzhen Liu, Yan Wang, Junrong Yu, Yinjun Chen, Meifang Zhu
This paper summarizes the recent progress of diverse high-performance fibers in their properties, applications and the challenges.
本文总结了各种高性能纤维在性能、应用和挑战方面的最新进展。
{"title":"The past, present and future of high-performance fibers.","authors":"Zhenzhen Liu, Yan Wang, Junrong Yu, Yinjun Chen, Meifang Zhu","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwae310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper summarizes the recent progress of diverse high-performance fibers in their properties, applications and the challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"11 10","pages":"nwae310"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11429522/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142350282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yangzhi Tan, Wai Yuen Fu, Hemin Lin, Dan Wu, Xiao Wei Sun, Hoi Wai Choi, Kai Wang
Colloidal quantum-dots (QDs) are solution-processable semiconductor nanocrystals with favorable optoelectronic characteristics. One of which is their multi-excitonic behavior that enables broadband polychromatic light generation and amplification from monodisperse QDs. However, its practicality has been limited by the difficulty to achieve spatial separation and patterning of different colors as well as the high pumping intensity required to excite the multi-excitonic states. Here, we have addressed these issues by integrating monodisperse QDs in multi-excitonic states into a specially designed cavity, in which the QDs exhibit anisotropic polychromatic emission (APE) characteristic that allows for tuning the emission from green to red by shifting the observation direction from perpendicular to lateral. Subsequently, the APE threshold under 300-ps pulsed excitation has been reduced from 32 to 21 μJ cm−2 by optimizing the cavity structure. Based on the manipulation of multi-excitonic emission and angle-dependent wavelength selectivity of the developed cavity, we have fabricated a full-color micro-pixel array with a pixel size as small as 23 μm by combining cavity-integrated monodisperse QDs and blue backlight. Furthermore, the threshold of APE under quasi-continuous-wave pumping was as low as 5 W cm−2, indicating its compatibility with commercial LEDs and/or laser diodes. Since APE arises from the multi-excitonic behavior of QDs that supports optical gain, its unprecedentedly low threshold implies the feasibility of diode-pumped colloidal QD laser. This work demonstrates a novel method of manipulating the QDs’ optical properties beyond controlling their size, composition or structure, and reveals great potential for achieving full-color emission using monodisperse QDs.
胶体量子点（QDs）是一种可溶液加工的半导体纳米晶体，具有良好的光电特性。其中之一是它们的多激子行为，可通过单分散量子点产生和放大宽带多色光。然而，由于难以实现不同颜色的空间分离和图案化，以及激发多共振态所需的高泵浦强度，其实用性受到了限制。为了解决这些问题，我们将多激子态的单分散 QDs 集成到一个特殊设计的腔体中，在该腔体中，QDs 表现出各向异性的多色发射（APE）特性，通过将观察方向从垂直方向转向横向方向，可以将发射从绿色调到红色。随后，通过优化腔体结构，300ps 脉冲激发下的 APE 阈值从 32 μJ cm-2 降至 21 μJ cm-2。基于对所开发腔体的多激子发射和随角度变化的波长选择性的操纵，我们结合腔体集成的单分散 QD 和蓝色背光，制作出了像素尺寸小至 23 μm 的全彩色微像素阵列。此外，在准连续波泵浦条件下，APE 的阈值低至 5 W cm-2，这表明它与商用 LED 和/或激光二极管兼容。由于 APE 源自支持光增益的 QD 的多激子行为，其前所未有的低阈值意味着二极管泵浦胶体 QD 激光的可行性。这项工作展示了一种超越控制 QDs 尺寸、组成或结构的操纵 QDs 光学特性的新方法，并揭示了利用单分散 QDs 实现全彩发射的巨大潜力。
{"title":"Low-threshold anisotropic polychromatic emission from monodisperse quantum-dots","authors":"Yangzhi Tan, Wai Yuen Fu, Hemin Lin, Dan Wu, Xiao Wei Sun, Hoi Wai Choi, Kai Wang","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwae311","url":null,"abstract":"Colloidal quantum-dots (QDs) are solution-processable semiconductor nanocrystals with favorable optoelectronic characteristics. One of which is their multi-excitonic behavior that enables broadband polychromatic light generation and amplification from monodisperse QDs. However, its practicality has been limited by the difficulty to achieve spatial separation and patterning of different colors as well as the high pumping intensity required to excite the multi-excitonic states. Here, we have addressed these issues by integrating monodisperse QDs in multi-excitonic states into a specially designed cavity, in which the QDs exhibit anisotropic polychromatic emission (APE) characteristic that allows for tuning the emission from green to red by shifting the observation direction from perpendicular to lateral. Subsequently, the APE threshold under 300-ps pulsed excitation has been reduced from 32 to 21 μJ cm−2 by optimizing the cavity structure. Based on the manipulation of multi-excitonic emission and angle-dependent wavelength selectivity of the developed cavity, we have fabricated a full-color micro-pixel array with a pixel size as small as 23 μm by combining cavity-integrated monodisperse QDs and blue backlight. Furthermore, the threshold of APE under quasi-continuous-wave pumping was as low as 5 W cm−2, indicating its compatibility with commercial LEDs and/or laser diodes. Since APE arises from the multi-excitonic behavior of QDs that supports optical gain, its unprecedentedly low threshold implies the feasibility of diode-pumped colloidal QD laser. This work demonstrates a novel method of manipulating the QDs’ optical properties beyond controlling their size, composition or structure, and reveals great potential for achieving full-color emission using monodisperse QDs.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ping Zhang, Yang-Yang Lyu, Jingjing Lv, Zihan Wei, Shixian Chen, Chenguang Wang, Hongmei Du, Dingding Li, Zixi Wang, Shoucheng Hou, Runfeng Su, Hancong Sun, Yuan Du, Li Du, Liming Gao, Yong-Lei Wang, Huabing Wang, Peiheng Wu
Advanced microwave technologies constitute the foundation of a wide range of modern sciences, including microwave integrated circuits, quantum computing, microwave photonics, spintronics, etc. To facilitate the design of chip-based microwave devices, there is an increasing demand for state-of-the-art microscopic techniques capable of characterizing the near-field microwave distribution and performance. In this work, we integrate Josephson junctions onto a nano-sized quartz tip, forming a highly sensitive microwave mixer on-tip. This allows us to conduct spectroscopic imaging of near-field microwave distributions with high spatial resolution. Leveraging its microwave-sensitive characteristics, our Josephson microscopy achieves a broad detecting bandwidth of up to 200 GHz, as well as remarkable frequency and intensity resolutions. Near-field characterizations of microwave circuits are also conducted to demonstrate the capabilities of Josephson microscopy. Our work emphasizes the benefits of utilizing Josephson microscopy as a real-time, non-destructive technique to advance integrated microwave devices.
{"title":"Ultra-broadband near-field Josephson microwave microscopy","authors":"Ping Zhang, Yang-Yang Lyu, Jingjing Lv, Zihan Wei, Shixian Chen, Chenguang Wang, Hongmei Du, Dingding Li, Zixi Wang, Shoucheng Hou, Runfeng Su, Hancong Sun, Yuan Du, Li Du, Liming Gao, Yong-Lei Wang, Huabing Wang, Peiheng Wu","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwae308","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced microwave technologies constitute the foundation of a wide range of modern sciences, including microwave integrated circuits, quantum computing, microwave photonics, spintronics, etc. To facilitate the design of chip-based microwave devices, there is an increasing demand for state-of-the-art microscopic techniques capable of characterizing the near-field microwave distribution and performance. In this work, we integrate Josephson junctions onto a nano-sized quartz tip, forming a highly sensitive microwave mixer on-tip. This allows us to conduct spectroscopic imaging of near-field microwave distributions with high spatial resolution. Leveraging its microwave-sensitive characteristics, our Josephson microscopy achieves a broad detecting bandwidth of up to 200 GHz, as well as remarkable frequency and intensity resolutions. Near-field characterizations of microwave circuits are also conducted to demonstrate the capabilities of Josephson microscopy. Our work emphasizes the benefits of utilizing Josephson microscopy as a real-time, non-destructive technique to advance integrated microwave devices.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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