Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.36036/mr.30.2.2021.119394
Manjit Singh, Shwet Kamal, V. Sharma
There has been rapid growth in mushroom production worldwide reaching 43 million tonne in 2018- 19. The subsequent two years have been a difficult period for all economies of the world as COVID- 19 has impacted all the sectors including mushroom output. Despite the rapid increase in mushroom production in this century, the production is highly localized. In all major mushroom producing countries, there are specific regions of concentrated production. In countries producing different types of mushrooms such as China, Japan and India, there are localized regions of production for different species. Species and region-wise production in major mushroom producing countries has been presented here for 2018-19. These data may serve as a bench mark to analyse the changes in mushroom production in the post-COVID era.
{"title":"Species and region-wise mushroom production in leading mushroom producing countries - China, Japan, USA, Canada and India","authors":"Manjit Singh, Shwet Kamal, V. Sharma","doi":"10.36036/mr.30.2.2021.119394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36036/mr.30.2.2021.119394","url":null,"abstract":"There has been rapid growth in mushroom production worldwide reaching 43 million tonne in 2018- 19. The subsequent two years have been a difficult period for all economies of the world as COVID- 19 has impacted all the sectors including mushroom output. Despite the rapid increase in mushroom production in this century, the production is highly localized. In all major mushroom producing countries, there are specific regions of concentrated production. In countries producing different types of mushrooms such as China, Japan and India, there are localized regions of production for different species. Species and region-wise production in major mushroom producing countries has been presented here for 2018-19. These data may serve as a bench mark to analyse the changes in mushroom production in the post-COVID era.","PeriodicalId":18860,"journal":{"name":"Mushroom Research","volume":"504 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77071439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.36036/mr.30.2.2021.72196
Jibanjyoti Panda, N. Gupta
{"title":"Bioactive potential of different solvent extracts of some woody and fleshy mushrooms","authors":"Jibanjyoti Panda, N. Gupta","doi":"10.36036/mr.30.2.2021.72196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36036/mr.30.2.2021.72196","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18860,"journal":{"name":"Mushroom Research","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72600819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.36036/mr.30.2.2021.114251
G. K., Sidhu Neelam Joshi, Shaurav Sharma
{"title":"Natural bio-agents in casing mixture for yield improvement of Agaricus bisporus","authors":"G. K., Sidhu Neelam Joshi, Shaurav Sharma","doi":"10.36036/mr.30.2.2021.114251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36036/mr.30.2.2021.114251","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18860,"journal":{"name":"Mushroom Research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87146764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.36036/mr.30.1.2021.107098
C. Paul, Nirmalendu Das
{"title":"Comparative study of bio-chemicals and antioxidant activities of two wild edible mushrooms Russula gnathangensis and Ramaria thindii from Sikkim Himalayas, India","authors":"C. Paul, Nirmalendu Das","doi":"10.36036/mr.30.1.2021.107098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36036/mr.30.1.2021.107098","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18860,"journal":{"name":"Mushroom Research","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82058052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.36036/mr.30.1.2021.116219
S. Sood, Reeti Singh, R. Upadhyay
During the survey of mycorrhizal mushroom, three species of Cortinarius viz. Cortinarius bulliardii,Cortinarius dionysae, and Cortinarius pseudoglaucopus were encountered. In the present study thesespecies were described morphologically and anatomically and Cortinarius dionysae and Cortinariuspseudoglaucopus are new for India.
{"title":"New records of the genus Cortinarius for India","authors":"S. Sood, Reeti Singh, R. Upadhyay","doi":"10.36036/mr.30.1.2021.116219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36036/mr.30.1.2021.116219","url":null,"abstract":"During the survey of mycorrhizal mushroom, three species of Cortinarius viz. Cortinarius bulliardii,Cortinarius dionysae, and Cortinarius pseudoglaucopus were encountered. In the present study thesespecies were described morphologically and anatomically and Cortinarius dionysae and Cortinariuspseudoglaucopus are new for India.","PeriodicalId":18860,"journal":{"name":"Mushroom Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81947914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.36036/mr.30.1.2021.106160
Swati Rose Toppo
This research work attempts the use of biogas digester liquid (BDL) as an inducer for lignolytic enzyme activity by Pleurotus djamor when grown in SSF culture condition. BDL rich in polyphenols and micronutrients can induce lignin degrading enzymes such as laccase and peroxidase. Spraying 100 ml BDL/bag (1kg paddy straw)/day was found to increase yields of Pleurotus djamor in SSF and also reduced the time for various stages of mushroom growth such as pin head formation, fruiting body formation and first flush by 3-5d. Of the 100ml BDL sprayed 70ml was collected as leachate and this showed highlignolytic enzyme (Laccase 150 U/L and Peroxidase 160U/L) activities in SSF and the enzyme activity coincided with the specific mushroom growth stages.
本研究尝试在SSF培养条件下，利用沼气池液(BDL)作为侧耳菇(Pleurotus djamor)木质素分解酶活性的诱诱剂。BDL富含多酚和微量营养素，可诱导木质素降解酶，如漆酶和过氧化物酶。施用100 ml BDL/袋(1kg稻秆)/天，可提高侧耳菇的产量，并可将针尖形成、子实体形成和第一次开花等各个生长阶段的时间缩短3-5d。喷施100ml BDL，其中70ml作为渗滤液收集，SSF中漆酶150 U/L和过氧化物酶160U/L的酶活性较高，且酶活性与蘑菇生长的特定阶段一致。
{"title":"Lignolytic enzymes (laccase and peroxidase) production by pink oyster mushroom, Pleurotus djamor","authors":"Swati Rose Toppo","doi":"10.36036/mr.30.1.2021.106160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36036/mr.30.1.2021.106160","url":null,"abstract":"This research work attempts the use of biogas digester liquid (BDL) as an inducer for lignolytic enzyme activity by Pleurotus djamor when grown in SSF culture condition. BDL rich in polyphenols and micronutrients can induce lignin degrading enzymes such as laccase and peroxidase. Spraying 100 ml BDL/bag (1kg paddy straw)/day was found to increase yields of Pleurotus djamor in SSF and also reduced the time for various stages of mushroom growth such as pin head formation, fruiting body formation and first flush by 3-5d. Of the 100ml BDL sprayed 70ml was collected as leachate and this showed highlignolytic enzyme (Laccase 150 U/L and Peroxidase 160U/L) activities in SSF and the enzyme activity coincided with the specific mushroom growth stages.","PeriodicalId":18860,"journal":{"name":"Mushroom Research","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84183532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.36036/mr.30.1.2021.116227
S. Rana, Shivani Sharma, A. Kalia, S. Kapoor
Mushrooms are mostly decomposers and possess the ability to digest food extracellularly by secreting specific enzymes. These enzymes and other bio-molecules present in the mycelium extracts of the P. florida have been used to produce zinc, copper and iron NPs extracellularly using metal salts as precursors. This work includes synthesis of metal oxide NPs by use of different concentrations (0.1to 0.9 mM) of three metal salts viz., zinc, copper and iron which were formed by incubating the salts with mycelium extracts of P. florida up to 96 hours under shaking conditions at 25±2°C in BOD incubator. The synthesis of the NPs was identified by performing the UV-Vis spectroscopy analysis at regular intervals to observe the time-dependent NPs synthesis. The visual color change in the reaction mixture was recorded and development of white, green and brown colors in zinc, copper andiron salt precursor containing sols respectively was recorded. The shape and formation of NPs was identified through TEM analysis. Incubation of the ferric chloride salt precursor with mycelial extract produced cubic shaped NPs. The antibacterial activity studies of the developed NPs using different concentrations (0.1 to 0.9 mM) along with the antibiotic standards (penicillin and gentamycin at the rate of 200 and 20 mg L-1 respectively) were performed against both gram positive and gram-negative bacteria. The results revealed formation of no inhibition zone by the biogenic NPs as compared to inhibition zones formed by the standard antibiotics (maximum 17 mm for E . coli in gentamycin).
{"title":"Functionalization with bio-molecules derived from oyster mushroom (Pleurotus florida) diminished the antibacterial potential of the mycogenic metal oxide nanoparticles (nps)","authors":"S. Rana, Shivani Sharma, A. Kalia, S. Kapoor","doi":"10.36036/mr.30.1.2021.116227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36036/mr.30.1.2021.116227","url":null,"abstract":"Mushrooms are mostly decomposers and possess the ability to digest food extracellularly by secreting specific enzymes. These enzymes and other bio-molecules present in the mycelium extracts of the P. florida have been used to produce zinc, copper and iron NPs extracellularly using metal salts as precursors. This work includes synthesis of metal oxide NPs by use of different concentrations (0.1to 0.9 mM) of three metal salts viz., zinc, copper and iron which were formed by incubating the salts with mycelium extracts of P. florida up to 96 hours under shaking conditions at 25±2°C in BOD incubator. The synthesis of the NPs was identified by performing the UV-Vis spectroscopy analysis at regular intervals to observe the time-dependent NPs synthesis. The visual color change in the reaction mixture was recorded and development of white, green and brown colors in zinc, copper andiron salt precursor containing sols respectively was recorded. The shape and formation of NPs was identified through TEM analysis. Incubation of the ferric chloride salt precursor with mycelial extract produced cubic shaped NPs. The antibacterial activity studies of the developed NPs using different concentrations (0.1 to 0.9 mM) along with the antibiotic standards (penicillin and gentamycin at the rate of 200 and 20 mg L-1 respectively) were performed against both gram positive and gram-negative bacteria. The results revealed formation of no inhibition zone by the biogenic NPs as compared to inhibition zones formed by the standard antibiotics (maximum 17 mm for E . coli in gentamycin).","PeriodicalId":18860,"journal":{"name":"Mushroom Research","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81801276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.36036/mr.30.1.2021.116223
Karishmi Riba, D. K. Sarmah
Interspecific hybridization studies were carried out between Pleurotus sajor-caju , P. sapidus and P.flabellatus for obtaining better quality strains. Out of 48 crosses, only five inter specific crosses of P. sajor-caju x P. sapidus and four inters specific crosses of P. sajor-caju x P. flabellatus were compatible. Inter specific crossing between P. sapidus and P. flabellatus failed to show any compatible reaction. The compatible crosses were tested for evaluating their growth characteristics on MEA media and the cross SC2S1 have shown significantly higher mycelial growth rate (8.89 cm) which was followed by the cross SC1S1 (8.66 cm). The obtained hybrid crosses have shown denser and regular growth with floccose, cottony and aerial mycelial texture and also showed off-white, pure white and yellowish white in colony colour. Out of nine dikaryotic strains, the cross SC2S1 ( P. sajor-caju x P. sapidus ) was the best strain among all the obtained hybrid strains and its parental strains interms of number of days required for spawn run (11.50 days), number of days required for pin head formation (15.50 days), days required for harvesting (18.50 days), total number of fruiting body (214.00), weight of the individual fruiting body (20.00 g), total yield per bag (0.95 kg) and biological efficiency (95.00%). Whereas in terms of stipe diameter, the cross SC2F2 ( P. sajor-caju x P.flabellatus ) has shown maximum stipe diameter (3.50 cm) as compared to other dikaryotic strain and its parental strain and among the dikaryotic strain the cross SC1S2 ( P. sajor-caju x P. sapidus ) have shown significantly higher stipe length (6.41 cm), which was also higher than their respected parents. Maximum cap size (6.73 cm) was recorded in the cross SC1F2 ( P. sajor-caju x P. flabellatus ) which was significantly higher than the other dikaryotic strain and its parental strain. During sensory evaluations, the product B ( P. sajor-caju x P. flabellatus ) was rated better than the global mean in overall acceptance (8.56), taste (8.90), flavour (7.90), colour (7.40) and appearance (8.13), with highest score in all the sensory parameters followed by Product A ( P. sajor-caju x P. sapidus ). While the lowest score was obtained by P. sapidus (product D) followed by P. flabellatus (product E) and P. sajorcaju (product C).
为了获得优质的侧耳菇菌株，对侧耳菇、松皮菇和侧耳菇进行了种间杂交研究。在48个杂交组合中，只有5个种间杂交和4个种间杂交是亲和的。两种间杂交均无亲和反应。在MEA培养基上对配种杂交进行生长特性评价，配种SC2S1的菌丝生长速率显著高于配种SC2S1 (8.89 cm)，其次是配种SC1S1 (8.66 cm)。所获得的杂交组合生长致密、规律，菌丝体呈絮状、棉状和气生结构，菌落颜色呈灰白色、纯白色和黄白色。在9株双核菌株中，杂交菌株SC2S1 (P. sajorw -caju x P. sapidus)在产卵所需天数(11.50 d)、大头形成所需天数(15.50 d)、收获所需天数(18.50 d)、总子实体数(214.00)、单个子实体重(20.00 g)、每袋总产量(0.95 kg)和生物效率(95.00%)方面表现最好。在柱头直径方面，杂交品种SC2F2 (P. sajora -caju x P.flabellatus)的柱头直径最大，为3.50 cm;在杂交品种SC1S2 (P. sajora -caju x P. sapidus)中，杂交品种SC2F2 (P. sajora -caju x P. sapidus)的柱头长度显著高于其亲本(6.41 cm)。杂交菌株SC1F2 (P. sajori -caju x P. flabellatus)最大帽长为6.73 cm，显著高于其他双核菌株及其亲本菌株。在感官评价中，产品B(沙参加木×扁叶木)在总体接受度(8.56)、口感(8.90)、风味(7.90)、颜色(7.40)和外观(8.13)方面的得分均高于全球平均水平，在所有感官参数中得分最高，其次是产品A(沙参加木×尖叶木)。结果表明:p (D)得分最低，其次是p (E)和p (C)。
{"title":"Increasing the yield attributing character of different species of Pleurotus through hybridization","authors":"Karishmi Riba, D. K. Sarmah","doi":"10.36036/mr.30.1.2021.116223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36036/mr.30.1.2021.116223","url":null,"abstract":"Interspecific hybridization studies were carried out between Pleurotus sajor-caju , P. sapidus and P.flabellatus for obtaining better quality strains. Out of 48 crosses, only five inter specific crosses of P. sajor-caju x P. sapidus and four inters specific crosses of P. sajor-caju x P. flabellatus were compatible. Inter specific crossing between P. sapidus and P. flabellatus failed to show any compatible reaction. The compatible crosses were tested for evaluating their growth characteristics on MEA media and the cross SC2S1 have shown significantly higher mycelial growth rate (8.89 cm) which was followed by the cross SC1S1 (8.66 cm). The obtained hybrid crosses have shown denser and regular growth with floccose, cottony and aerial mycelial texture and also showed off-white, pure white and yellowish white in colony colour. Out of nine dikaryotic strains, the cross SC2S1 ( P. sajor-caju x P. sapidus ) was the best strain among all the obtained hybrid strains and its parental strains interms of number of days required for spawn run (11.50 days), number of days required for pin head formation (15.50 days), days required for harvesting (18.50 days), total number of fruiting body (214.00), weight of the individual fruiting body (20.00 g), total yield per bag (0.95 kg) and biological efficiency (95.00%). Whereas in terms of stipe diameter, the cross SC2F2 ( P. sajor-caju x P.flabellatus ) has shown maximum stipe diameter (3.50 cm) as compared to other dikaryotic strain and its parental strain and among the dikaryotic strain the cross SC1S2 ( P. sajor-caju x P. sapidus ) have shown significantly higher stipe length (6.41 cm), which was also higher than their respected parents. Maximum cap size (6.73 cm) was recorded in the cross SC1F2 ( P. sajor-caju x P. flabellatus ) which was significantly higher than the other dikaryotic strain and its parental strain. During sensory evaluations, the product B ( P. sajor-caju x P. flabellatus ) was rated better than the global mean in overall acceptance (8.56), taste (8.90), flavour (7.90), colour (7.40) and appearance (8.13), with highest score in all the sensory parameters followed by Product A ( P. sajor-caju x P. sapidus ). While the lowest score was obtained by P. sapidus (product D) followed by P. flabellatus (product E) and P. sajorcaju (product C).","PeriodicalId":18860,"journal":{"name":"Mushroom Research","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82645127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.36036/mr.30.1.2021.116217
S. Vanitha, S. Annepu
Mushrooms are increasingly considered as a high value crop, and consumer demand for mushrooms markedly expanded in the recent years. Although requiring different conditions and practices comparedwith traditional field crops, mushrooms are a viable option for the small and marginal scale growers. A mushroom farming business can be a mean of big profit in just a few weeks with considerably low startup capital investment. A person who has basic knowledge in the cultivation techniques of mushroom growing, and has an own growing yards, mushroom farming will be the perfect option for him to gain the higher profits. Realizing the health promoting benefits of mushrooms and economic returns offered by its cultivation, many new generation farmers started venturing into its business. As mushroom production is increasing constantly, more people are looking for the information on export potential of mushrooms from India. We made an attempt to collect the information from the APEDA and FAO stat to study the export competitiveness of mushrooms produced in India and discussed our observations in this paper.
{"title":"Export competitiveness of Indian mushroom Industry: Present status and future prospects","authors":"S. Vanitha, S. Annepu","doi":"10.36036/mr.30.1.2021.116217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36036/mr.30.1.2021.116217","url":null,"abstract":"Mushrooms are increasingly considered as a high value crop, and consumer demand for mushrooms markedly expanded in the recent years. Although requiring different conditions and practices comparedwith traditional field crops, mushrooms are a viable option for the small and marginal scale growers. A mushroom farming business can be a mean of big profit in just a few weeks with considerably low startup capital investment. A person who has basic knowledge in the cultivation techniques of mushroom growing, and has an own growing yards, mushroom farming will be the perfect option for him to gain the higher profits. Realizing the health promoting benefits of mushrooms and economic returns offered by its cultivation, many new generation farmers started venturing into its business. As mushroom production is increasing constantly, more people are looking for the information on export potential of mushrooms from India. We made an attempt to collect the information from the APEDA and FAO stat to study the export competitiveness of mushrooms produced in India and discussed our observations in this paper.","PeriodicalId":18860,"journal":{"name":"Mushroom Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73026695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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