Fabiana B. A. Monteiro, V. F. Castro, R. B. D. Faria, Â. Fortini, C. A. Silva, C. Pereira
{"title":"Micro Heteregeneous Approaches for the Insertion of Reprocessed and Combined Thorium Fuel Cycles in a PWR System","authors":"Fabiana B. A. Monteiro, V. F. Castro, R. B. D. Faria, Â. Fortini, C. A. Silva, C. Pereira","doi":"10.1557/OPL.2016.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/OPL.2016.34","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18884,"journal":{"name":"MRS Proceedings","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74442564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) in a general term describing stressed alloy fracture that occurs by crack propagation in specifically environments, and has the appearance of brittle fracture, yet it can occur in ductile materials like AISI 304L used in internal components of Boiling Water Reactors (BWR). The high levels of oxygen and hydrogen peroxide generated during an operational Normal Water Condition (NWC) promotes an Electrochemical Corrosion Potential (ECP), enough to generate SCC in susceptible materials. Changes in water chemistry have been some of the main solutions for mitigate this degradation mechanism, and one of these changes is reducing the ECP by the injection of Hydrogen in the feed water of the reactor; this addition moves the ECP below a threshold value, under which the SCC is mitigated (-230mV vs SHE). This paper shows the characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Raman Spectroscopy of the oxide film formed in to a crack propagated during a Rising Displacement Test method (RDT), on Hydrogen Water Chemistry (HWC) conditions: 20 ppb O 2 , 125 ppb H 2 , P=8MPa, T=288°C, using a CT specimen of austenitic stainless steel AISI 304L sensitized. The characterization allowed identifying the magnetite formation since an incipient way, until very good formed magnetite crystals.
{"title":"Oxide Film Characterization after the crack propagation in CT specimens of AISI 304L under Hydrogen Water Chemistry Condition.","authors":"Á. D. Sánchez, A. Ramírez, C. Juárez","doi":"10.1557/OPL.2016.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/OPL.2016.33","url":null,"abstract":"Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) in a general term describing stressed alloy fracture that occurs by crack propagation in specifically environments, and has the appearance of brittle fracture, yet it can occur in ductile materials like AISI 304L used in internal components of Boiling Water Reactors (BWR). The high levels of oxygen and hydrogen peroxide generated during an operational Normal Water Condition (NWC) promotes an Electrochemical Corrosion Potential (ECP), enough to generate SCC in susceptible materials. Changes in water chemistry have been some of the main solutions for mitigate this degradation mechanism, and one of these changes is reducing the ECP by the injection of Hydrogen in the feed water of the reactor; this addition moves the ECP below a threshold value, under which the SCC is mitigated (-230mV vs SHE). This paper shows the characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Raman Spectroscopy of the oxide film formed in to a crack propagated during a Rising Displacement Test method (RDT), on Hydrogen Water Chemistry (HWC) conditions: 20 ppb O 2 , 125 ppb H 2 , P=8MPa, T=288°C, using a CT specimen of austenitic stainless steel AISI 304L sensitized. The characterization allowed identifying the magnetite formation since an incipient way, until very good formed magnetite crystals.","PeriodicalId":18884,"journal":{"name":"MRS Proceedings","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91132010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Á. Ruíz-Baltazar, R. Esparza, J. L. López-Miranda, G. Rosas, R. Pérez
The synthesis of Fe 3 O 4 -Ag bimetallic nanoparticles by chemical reduction was carried out. Fe nanoparticles were obtained using Fe (III) Chloride hexahydrate (FeCl 3 •6H 2 O) as precursor and sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ) as reducing agent, subsequently, a solution of silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ) was added to the reaction. The synthesis methodology employed in this case, is a modification of chemical reduction method. Through this procedure has been possible simplify the synthesis route used to obtain bimetallic systems such as Fe 3 O 4 -Ag. Particles with semi-spherical morphology were observed. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HREM), ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV-is) and quasi-elastic light scattering (QELS) techniques were employed for the structural characterization of Fe 3 O 4 -Ag nanostructures. Some models presented describe and prove the formation of the Fe 3 O 4 -Ag alloy type structures.
{"title":"Bimetallic Alloy of Fe 2 O 3 -Ag Nanoparticles: Characterization and Structural Modeling","authors":"Á. Ruíz-Baltazar, R. Esparza, J. L. López-Miranda, G. Rosas, R. Pérez","doi":"10.1557/OPL.2016.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/OPL.2016.61","url":null,"abstract":"The synthesis of Fe 3 O 4 -Ag bimetallic nanoparticles by chemical reduction was carried out. Fe nanoparticles were obtained using Fe (III) Chloride hexahydrate (FeCl 3 •6H 2 O) as precursor and sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ) as reducing agent, subsequently, a solution of silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ) was added to the reaction. The synthesis methodology employed in this case, is a modification of chemical reduction method. Through this procedure has been possible simplify the synthesis route used to obtain bimetallic systems such as Fe 3 O 4 -Ag. Particles with semi-spherical morphology were observed. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HREM), ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV-is) and quasi-elastic light scattering (QELS) techniques were employed for the structural characterization of Fe 3 O 4 -Ag nanostructures. Some models presented describe and prove the formation of the Fe 3 O 4 -Ag alloy type structures.","PeriodicalId":18884,"journal":{"name":"MRS Proceedings","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91152859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Newly discovered MAX phases are attractive due to their unique combined properties: mechanical, high temperature, erosion and corrosion resistance. These materials are considered metallic and ceramic at the same time, and they could be the perfect solution for a variety of industrial and scientific applications. In this study, detailed attention has been paid to complex compositions of several transition metals, such as Ti and Cr in TiCrSiCN, whereas Al and Si are recommended for TiAlSiCN. These materials require a combination of both C and N to form the MAX phases (in the “X” position in the formula M (n+1) AX n ). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of these elements located at the “M”, “A” and “X” positions on the mechanical properties of the materials. The results of the thermogravimetric analysis of TiCrSiCN showed that this phase is stable at temperatures as high as 1400 °C, while the Ti 3 SiC 2 phase is stable up to 1300 °C.
{"title":"MAX Phases: Understanding of Erosion, Corrosion and Oxidation Resistance Properties in TiAlSiCN and TiCrSiCN Compositions","authors":"A. Manulyk","doi":"10.1557/OPL.2016.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/OPL.2016.11","url":null,"abstract":"Newly discovered MAX phases are attractive due to their unique combined properties: mechanical, high temperature, erosion and corrosion resistance. These materials are considered metallic and ceramic at the same time, and they could be the perfect solution for a variety of industrial and scientific applications. In this study, detailed attention has been paid to complex compositions of several transition metals, such as Ti and Cr in TiCrSiCN, whereas Al and Si are recommended for TiAlSiCN. These materials require a combination of both C and N to form the MAX phases (in the “X” position in the formula M (n+1) AX n ). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of these elements located at the “M”, “A” and “X” positions on the mechanical properties of the materials. The results of the thermogravimetric analysis of TiCrSiCN showed that this phase is stable at temperatures as high as 1400 °C, while the Ti 3 SiC 2 phase is stable up to 1300 °C.","PeriodicalId":18884,"journal":{"name":"MRS Proceedings","volume":"23 1","pages":"9-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88135782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Schorr, B. Valdez, E. Valdez, N. Lothan, Mónica Carrillo, R. Salinas, A. Eliezer
{"title":"Comparative Study: Ethanol In Human Body Vs Gasoline In A Vehicle Motor: Oxidation And Combustion","authors":"M. Schorr, B. Valdez, E. Valdez, N. Lothan, Mónica Carrillo, R. Salinas, A. Eliezer","doi":"10.1557/OPL.2016.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/OPL.2016.87","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18884,"journal":{"name":"MRS Proceedings","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88110852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The conventional magnetic recording approached the physical frontiers of the recording density. The magnetic recording must face the famous trilemma: In order to increase the recording density, smaller grain volumes are needed, but in order to ensure the thermal stability of recorded information, the anisotropy constant should be increased accordingly; what results is an increased anisotropy field, which requires higher writing fields. Such fields are unavailable with the maximum saturation magnetization obtainable with the magnetic materials of the current heads. In order to overcome these problems, new media structures have been proposed. The most promising is the bit-patterned magnetic media (BPM), intensively studied over the last years with the aim of obtaining obtain an ultra-high recording density of hard-disk drives. A BPM comprises monodisperse high-anisotropy nano-particles in a self-organized patterning. They have a higher thermal stability, a lower noise and a higher signal resolution, which leads to a higher recording density and a better SNR. They eliminate the transition noise and, due to the large fraction of the bit volume occupied by the magnetic dots, improve thermal stability. Nevertheless, some important issues such as long-range patterning, control of the surface roughness, signal readout, etc., remain critical problems to solve. Another challenge is the fact that recording on BPM is sensitive to the material and geometry parameter fluctuations that may lead to additional constraints and require tight synchronization of the write-field misregistration time and bit positions. A possible route to higher recording densities is to use a multilevel recording, where more than two states are stored per dot.
{"title":"Patterned Magnetic Recording Media – Issues and Challenges","authors":"H. Gavrilă, D. Gavrilă","doi":"10.1557/OPL.2016.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/OPL.2016.41","url":null,"abstract":"The conventional magnetic recording approached the physical frontiers of the recording density. The magnetic recording must face the famous trilemma: In order to increase the recording density, smaller grain volumes are needed, but in order to ensure the thermal stability of recorded information, the anisotropy constant should be increased accordingly; what results is an increased anisotropy field, which requires higher writing fields. Such fields are unavailable with the maximum saturation magnetization obtainable with the magnetic materials of the current heads. In order to overcome these problems, new media structures have been proposed. The most promising is the bit-patterned magnetic media (BPM), intensively studied over the last years with the aim of obtaining obtain an ultra-high recording density of hard-disk drives. A BPM comprises monodisperse high-anisotropy nano-particles in a self-organized patterning. They have a higher thermal stability, a lower noise and a higher signal resolution, which leads to a higher recording density and a better SNR. They eliminate the transition noise and, due to the large fraction of the bit volume occupied by the magnetic dots, improve thermal stability. Nevertheless, some important issues such as long-range patterning, control of the surface roughness, signal readout, etc., remain critical problems to solve. Another challenge is the fact that recording on BPM is sensitive to the material and geometry parameter fluctuations that may lead to additional constraints and require tight synchronization of the write-field misregistration time and bit positions. A possible route to higher recording densities is to use a multilevel recording, where more than two states are stored per dot.","PeriodicalId":18884,"journal":{"name":"MRS Proceedings","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88719125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC:H) was deposited by radiofrequency-plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF-PECVD) on monocrystalline silicon substrates with different process parameters in order to analyze the residual stress, and the roughness and uniformity of the films, which are the most important characteristics in the production of membranes for cell culture. The residual stress was calculated using Stoney's equation by measuring the thicknesses of the substrate and the deposited film, in addition to the radius of curvature of the substrate with and without deposited material. From the results it was observed that as power increases from 15 to 30 W, the residual stress increases from -180 to -400 MPa. Even at low power, the residual stress is high. However, an annealing process at 450 °C in N 2 atmosphere significantly reduces the residual stress to 7 MPa. It was found that the film uniformity increases when the pressure rises in the process chamber from 450 to 900 mTorr. Finally, the RMS roughness (0.7 to 5.1 nm) can be controlled by the power and pressure, allowing us to obtain a material with excellent morphological characteristics for the adherence and growth of specific cells.
{"title":"Characterization of Residual Stress in a-SiC:H Deposited by RF-PECVD for Manufacturing of Membranes for Cell Culture","authors":"O. G. Lizarazo, C. Reyes-Betanzo","doi":"10.1557/OPL.2016.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/OPL.2016.27","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC:H) was deposited by radiofrequency-plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF-PECVD) on monocrystalline silicon substrates with different process parameters in order to analyze the residual stress, and the roughness and uniformity of the films, which are the most important characteristics in the production of membranes for cell culture. The residual stress was calculated using Stoney's equation by measuring the thicknesses of the substrate and the deposited film, in addition to the radius of curvature of the substrate with and without deposited material. From the results it was observed that as power increases from 15 to 30 W, the residual stress increases from -180 to -400 MPa. Even at low power, the residual stress is high. However, an annealing process at 450 °C in N 2 atmosphere significantly reduces the residual stress to 7 MPa. It was found that the film uniformity increases when the pressure rises in the process chamber from 450 to 900 mTorr. Finally, the RMS roughness (0.7 to 5.1 nm) can be controlled by the power and pressure, allowing us to obtain a material with excellent morphological characteristics for the adherence and growth of specific cells.","PeriodicalId":18884,"journal":{"name":"MRS Proceedings","volume":"1 1","pages":"117-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86916843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Padilla, M. F. Guerrero, Mar Alvarez, Hortensia Maldonado Textle, O. P. Camacho, Gregorio Cadenas Pliego
In this work, we studied the synthesis of biodegradable copolymers of the type poly(isobutyl vinyl ether)-co-(e-caprolactone) (PIBVE-co-PCL) using a homogeneous mono-cyclopentadienyltitanium catalyst and methylaluminoxane (MAO) as co-catalyst. These copolymers can also be used as plasticizers for flexible poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), improving its thermal properties. The copolymer PIBVE-co-PCL could be synthesized with a high conversion (>90%). The use of 39 wt.% of the copolymer in the formulation of PVC decreases its glass transition temperature (T g ) by -6.51 °C. By varying the copolymer composition it is possible to obtain PVC with different T g values that could be used for different applications. A particular application where one could use this type of copolymer is in PVC formulations for the fabrication of blood bags. The toxicity of dioctyl phthalate (DOP), which is the more commonly used plasticizer for PVC, limits the use of these formulations for the mentioned purpose. The PVC plasticized with the biodegradable copolymer showed an increase in the degradation temperature, improving the thermal stability of the PVC formulation in comparison with the phthalates usually used as plasticizers.
{"title":"Synthesis of Biodegradable Copolymer of Poly(isobutyl vinyl ether)-co-Poly(ε-Caprolactone) using Half-Sandwich Metallocene Catalyst and their Application as Plasticizer for Poly(Vinyl Chloride)","authors":"V. Padilla, M. F. Guerrero, Mar Alvarez, Hortensia Maldonado Textle, O. P. Camacho, Gregorio Cadenas Pliego","doi":"10.1557/OPL.2016.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/OPL.2016.24","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we studied the synthesis of biodegradable copolymers of the type poly(isobutyl vinyl ether)-co-(e-caprolactone) (PIBVE-co-PCL) using a homogeneous mono-cyclopentadienyltitanium catalyst and methylaluminoxane (MAO) as co-catalyst. These copolymers can also be used as plasticizers for flexible poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), improving its thermal properties. The copolymer PIBVE-co-PCL could be synthesized with a high conversion (>90%). The use of 39 wt.% of the copolymer in the formulation of PVC decreases its glass transition temperature (T g ) by -6.51 °C. By varying the copolymer composition it is possible to obtain PVC with different T g values that could be used for different applications. A particular application where one could use this type of copolymer is in PVC formulations for the fabrication of blood bags. The toxicity of dioctyl phthalate (DOP), which is the more commonly used plasticizer for PVC, limits the use of these formulations for the mentioned purpose. The PVC plasticized with the biodegradable copolymer showed an increase in the degradation temperature, improving the thermal stability of the PVC formulation in comparison with the phthalates usually used as plasticizers.","PeriodicalId":18884,"journal":{"name":"MRS Proceedings","volume":"138 1","pages":"95-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88540822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Salinas, A. So, B. Valdez, M. Schorr, J. Bastidas, Mónica Carrillo, Lydia Alvarez
Corrosion is a worldwide, crucial problem that strongly affects natural and industrial environments, in particular the oil and gas industry. Natural gas (NG) is a source of energy in industrial, residential, commercial and electric applications. The abundance of NG in many countries augurs a profitable situation for the vast energy industry. NG is considered friendlier to the environment and with lesser greenhouse gas emissions as compared with other fossil fuels. In the last years, shale gas is increasingly exploited in U.S. and Europe, applying a hydraulic fracturing technique, for releasing gas from the bed rock by injection of saline water, acidic chemicals and sand to the wells. Various critical sectors of the NG industry infrastructure suffer from several types of corrosion: steel casings of production wells and their drilling equipment; gas conveying pipelines including pumps and valves; plants for regasification of liquefied natural gas (LNG) and municipal networks of NG distribution to the consumers. Practical technologies that minimize or prevent corrosion include selection of corrosion resistant engineering materials, cathodic protection, corrosion inhibitors, and application of external and internal paints, coatings and linings. Mexico is undergoing an intense reform process of the energy sector, that involves its oil, NG and electricity industries. Typical cases of corrosion management in the NG industry are presented based on the authors experience and knowledge.
{"title":"Natural Gas Industry: Materials and Corrosion","authors":"R. Salinas, A. So, B. Valdez, M. Schorr, J. Bastidas, Mónica Carrillo, Lydia Alvarez","doi":"10.1557/OPL.2016.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/OPL.2016.94","url":null,"abstract":"Corrosion is a worldwide, crucial problem that strongly affects natural and industrial environments, in particular the oil and gas industry. Natural gas (NG) is a source of energy in industrial, residential, commercial and electric applications. The abundance of NG in many countries augurs a profitable situation for the vast energy industry. NG is considered friendlier to the environment and with lesser greenhouse gas emissions as compared with other fossil fuels. In the last years, shale gas is increasingly exploited in U.S. and Europe, applying a hydraulic fracturing technique, for releasing gas from the bed rock by injection of saline water, acidic chemicals and sand to the wells. Various critical sectors of the NG industry infrastructure suffer from several types of corrosion: steel casings of production wells and their drilling equipment; gas conveying pipelines including pumps and valves; plants for regasification of liquefied natural gas (LNG) and municipal networks of NG distribution to the consumers. Practical technologies that minimize or prevent corrosion include selection of corrosion resistant engineering materials, cathodic protection, corrosion inhibitors, and application of external and internal paints, coatings and linings. Mexico is undergoing an intense reform process of the energy sector, that involves its oil, NG and electricity industries. Typical cases of corrosion management in the NG industry are presented based on the authors experience and knowledge.","PeriodicalId":18884,"journal":{"name":"MRS Proceedings","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80649835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. G. Granados-Martínez, J. J. Contreras-Navarrete, D. L. García-Ruiz, C. J. Gutiérrez-García, A. Durán-Navarro, E. E. Gama-Ortega, N. Flores-Ramírez, E. Huipe-Nava, L. García-González, M. L. Mondragón-Sánchez, L. Domratcheva-Lvova
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) from diethyl ether, butanol, hexane and ethyl acetate. A quartz tube with a stainless steel tube catalyst core with 0.019 m diameter and 0.6 m large formed the reactor. To avoid combustion, argon was used as the carrier gas. Time process ranged 30 to 60 min. The range of CNTs synthesis temperature was 680-850 °C for different precursors. Scanning Electron Microscopy micrographs have demonstrated tangled CNTs growth in all samples, thus presenting difficult length measurement. The CNTs diameters from diethyl ether are 45-200 nm, butanol diameter range from 55-230 nm, hexane diameter range is 50-130 nm and ethyl acetate range from 100 to 300 nm. Carbon content for all samples was higher than 93 %, CNTs from butanol showed carbon concentration up to 99%. FTIR, Raman and X-Ray Spectroscopies spectra for all samples demonstrated the characteristics signals present in carbon nanotubes. This research proposes a simple, effective and innovative method to synthesize CNTs by CVD on iron stainless steel catalyst in combination with diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, butanol and hexane as precursors by applying the principles of green chemistry, sustainability and its ease to be scaled.
{"title":"Carbon Nanotubes Synthesis from Four Different Organic Precursors by CVD","authors":"F. G. Granados-Martínez, J. J. Contreras-Navarrete, D. L. García-Ruiz, C. J. Gutiérrez-García, A. Durán-Navarro, E. E. Gama-Ortega, N. Flores-Ramírez, E. Huipe-Nava, L. García-González, M. L. Mondragón-Sánchez, L. Domratcheva-Lvova","doi":"10.1557/OPL.2016.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1557/OPL.2016.53","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) from diethyl ether, butanol, hexane and ethyl acetate. A quartz tube with a stainless steel tube catalyst core with 0.019 m diameter and 0.6 m large formed the reactor. To avoid combustion, argon was used as the carrier gas. Time process ranged 30 to 60 min. The range of CNTs synthesis temperature was 680-850 °C for different precursors. Scanning Electron Microscopy micrographs have demonstrated tangled CNTs growth in all samples, thus presenting difficult length measurement. The CNTs diameters from diethyl ether are 45-200 nm, butanol diameter range from 55-230 nm, hexane diameter range is 50-130 nm and ethyl acetate range from 100 to 300 nm. Carbon content for all samples was higher than 93 %, CNTs from butanol showed carbon concentration up to 99%. FTIR, Raman and X-Ray Spectroscopies spectra for all samples demonstrated the characteristics signals present in carbon nanotubes. This research proposes a simple, effective and innovative method to synthesize CNTs by CVD on iron stainless steel catalyst in combination with diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, butanol and hexane as precursors by applying the principles of green chemistry, sustainability and its ease to be scaled.","PeriodicalId":18884,"journal":{"name":"MRS Proceedings","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80843615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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