Nauchnye doklady vysshei shkoly. Biologicheskie nauki最新文献

The correlations between head measurements and characters of body building, determined by the method of V. Deryabin, have been studied. For 465 young men from Byelorussia it has been found the independence of variability for correlations between head measurements and skeletal proportions, distribution of subcutaneous fat and general shape of body. The low coefficients of correlation with head measurements have been found for general size of skeleton, muscles and fat. Including of head and face measurements to the character of body building is not based on the strong correlations of the signs from these two morphological systems.

The application of acetic acid (100%) on gastric serosa produces hemorrhagic lesions, erosions and ulcers in the gastric mucosa of rats. Intraperitoneal injections of OF-743, a derivative of sydnonimine during 3 days after the acid application have revealed lesser expressed mucosal lesions: only hemorrhagic lesions and rather small erosions. The lesions degree in rats subjected to the action of OF-743 was 2.7 as compared with 4.4 in control rats without OF-743. Our findings indicate that OF-743 shows not only protective antiulcer action, as it was discovered earlier, but has also curative antiulcer effect.

A complex of adaptive reactions have been observed in response to the unusual irritants in 4-year chimpanzee infant. It includes the orienting-research, passive defence reactions, avoidance of irritant, transfer on co-operation with experimenter, aggressive reactions to unusual irritants. The analysis of behaviour reactions and cardiac rhythm has revealed that playing with an experimentator and aggressive reactions are the most reliable way of adaptation which prevents strong and long emotional stress. A social system "chimpanzee-experimentator" on a positive parity basis is an important condition for promoting the appearance of the mentioned adaptation reaction.

The diagnostic value of a method for determination of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) and glucose in the ear wax of children under risk of diabetes mellitus comparing with the efficiency of glucose tolerance test has been studied. It has been shown that the methods of constitutional anthropometry are efficient for determining the contingents of people under risk of development of diabetes mellitus at pre-clinical phase of the disease.

The incubation of hemoglobin solutions without air contacts at room temperature with addition of antibiotics is accompanied by decrease of oxy form and accumulation of desoxy form. The content of methemoglobin changes at a less degree. The increase of the temperature accelerates the process, the acidification of solutions decelerates it.

A model of organism adaptation under its normal functioning, being transferred without any conceptual changes into the adaptation model to the stimulating actions, at which the organism malfunctions and is forced to transfer to the regime of pathology which is considered to be the only possible regime for extreme conditions. As examples the cases of adaptation to the instantaneous and periodic changes of environment are considered, the adaptation results in decay of pathologic process, the transfer from the acute to the chronic process and the adaptation with the use of medicinal preparations. The biological interpretation of parameters and dependences coming into the mathematical description of the model is given.

In biophysical investigations performed on the frog skin with the method of short current it has been shown that molecular iodine (I2) stimulates the active transport of sodium ions in cell membranes and the mixture of KI+I2 (with complex I3-) inhibits this process. The possibility to increase the efficiency of iodine-bromide mineral baths composition with addition of I2 to the solution is experimentally confirmed.

On the isolated perfused by Langendorf at heart the cardioactive hypothalamic neurohormone NG3a (2 x 10(-5) g/ml) significantly decreased the coronary flow rate; the effect persisted during 5-10 min, after that the second phase appeared which was expressed by the increase of coronary flow rate. The maximum effect was 122% compared with control. The second phase appeared in 30-45 min after infusion of NG3a. NG3a did not influence the heart rate, but sometimes (7.3% cases) during the maximum increase of coronary flow the bradyarrhythmia was registered. It has been concluded that NG3a influences directly the coronary vessels.

The metabolism in vitro of 4-androstene 3,17-dione--one of the steroid hormones--has been studied in liver microsomes of three species of bullhead: Cottocomephorus grewingki Dyb., Paracottus Kneri Dyb., Paracottus Kessleri Dyb. from Lake Baikal under norm and under induction of monooxygenases by 3-methylcholanthrene and arochlore 1254. The metabolism in vitro 4-androstene 3,17-dione in liver microsomes depends on fish sex, species and gonadal maturation. The rate of androstendione hydroxylation reliably decreases at monooxydase system induction of endoplasmic reticulum in bullhead liver before spawning and during spawning periods by 3-methylcholanthrene and arochlore 1254.

The review contains an of the literature on sensitivity and the clinical manifestations of allergy in human being to various parasitic and free-living mites and ticks (Sarcoptidae, Psoroptidae, Demodicidae, Ixodidae, Argasidae, Gamasina, Trombiculidae, Cheyletidae, Pygmephoridae, Tarsonemidae, Tetranychidae). The epidemiology and clinic of the allergic reactions of man to the penetration of mites and tick allergens through skin at their constant, temporal and occasional parasitizing are considered. The allergic reactions to different mite and tick allergens take both delayed and immediate type. However, the mechanism of these reactions sometimes is unknown. The mites or ticks infestations produce, as a rule, dermal allergic reactions in the atopic patients. In some cases the asthmatic component may be present. The cross-reactivity between mite/tick antigens and pyroglyphid mite antigens complicates the clinic, diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases. New data on the nature and specificity of mite and ticks allergens are presented.