Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10345
J. Abolafia, A. N. Ruiz-Cuenca, Thi Anh Duong Nguyen
Two species of the genus Tricirronema: T. tamdaoense and T. tentaculatum, are studied from agricultural soils of Vietnam. Both species are morphologically and morphometrically characterised based on LM and SEM studies. These species are mainly differentiated by the morphology of the vagina, sigmoid in T. tamdaoense and straight in T. tentaculatum, and males with more robust spicules in T. tamdaoense. SEM studies of both species are provided. Molecular analysis based on 18S and 28S rDNA fragments is included for T. tentaculatum, showing relationship with members of the genus Eucephalobus. In addition, a key to species identification of the genus Tricirronema is included, as well as illustrations and a compendium table with the main measurements of the three species.
研究了越南农业土壤中的两个三尖杉属物种：T. tamdaoense 和 T. tentaculatum。根据 LM 和 SEM 研究，对这两个物种的形态和形态计量学特征进行了分析。这两个物种主要通过阴道的形态来区分，Tamdaoense 的阴道呈乙状，而 T. tentaculatum 的阴道呈直线。提供了这两个物种的扫描电镜研究。tentaculatum 的 18S 和 28S rDNA 片段进行了分子分析，显示了与 Eucephalobus 属成员的关系。此外，还提供了 Tricirronema 属的物种鉴定检索表、插图以及包含三个物种主要测量数据的简表。
{"title":"Redescription of two species of the genus Tricirronema Siddiqi, 1993 (Rhabditida, Bicirronematidae) from Vietnam, including SEM study for both species","authors":"J. Abolafia, A. N. Ruiz-Cuenca, Thi Anh Duong Nguyen","doi":"10.1163/15685411-bja10345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-bja10345","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Two species of the genus Tricirronema: T. tamdaoense and T. tentaculatum, are studied from agricultural soils of Vietnam. Both species are morphologically and morphometrically characterised based on LM and SEM studies. These species are mainly differentiated by the morphology of the vagina, sigmoid in T. tamdaoense and straight in T. tentaculatum, and males with more robust spicules in T. tamdaoense. SEM studies of both species are provided. Molecular analysis based on 18S and 28S rDNA fragments is included for T. tentaculatum, showing relationship with members of the genus Eucephalobus. In addition, a key to species identification of the genus Tricirronema is included, as well as illustrations and a compendium table with the main measurements of the three species.","PeriodicalId":18928,"journal":{"name":"Nematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10335
Jianfeng Gu, P. Castillo, Xinxin Ma, M. Munawar
Cryptaphelenchus species are wood- or bark-inhabiting nematodes, generally mycetophagous and reported to have endophoretic associations with insects. In the present study, we describe two new and one known Cryptaphelenchus species detected in imported and domestic wood samples. Cryptaphelenchus americanum n. sp. and C. minutus were detected in the log samples of Pinus taeda imported from the USA, whereas C. orientalis n. sp. was isolated from the bark of dying Pinus sylvestris trees in Inner Mongolia, China. Both new species displayed characteristic features, including a relatively short body length, four lateral lines, a short post-vulval uterine sac in females, and a distinct cloacal apophysis in male tails. Newly recovered and known species were characterised molecularly, and phylogenetic trees were constructed to study their relationship with related Cryptaphelenchus species. Notably, the genetic divergence observed among Cryptaphelenchus species was found to be more significant compared to morphometrical differences, highlighting the importance of molecular data in taxonomy. The identification of new and known species expands our understanding of the genus and suggests that Cryptaphelenchus species may be under studied, underscoring the necessity for continued exploration.
隐翅虫是栖息在木材或树皮中的线虫，通常噬菌，据报道与昆虫有内吸性联系。在本研究中，我们描述了在进口和国产木材样本中检测到的两种新的隐翅虫和一种已知的隐翅虫。从美国进口的太田松原木样本中检测到了美国隐翅虫（Cryptaphelenchus americanum n. sp.）和小隐翅虫（C. minutus），而从中国内蒙古濒死松树树皮中分离到了东方隐翅虫（C. orientalis n. sp.）。这两个新种都具有一些特征，包括相对较短的体长、四条侧线、雌性卵裂后子宫囊较短、雄性尾部有明显的泄殖腔骨突。对新发现的物种和已知物种进行了分子鉴定，并构建了系统发生树，以研究它们与相关隐翅虫物种的关系。值得注意的是，与形态差异相比，在隐翅虫物种之间观察到的遗传差异更为显著，这凸显了分子数据在分类学中的重要性。新种和已知种的鉴定扩大了我们对隐翅虫属的了解，并表明隐翅虫属的物种可能还未得到充分研究，强调了继续探索的必要性。
{"title":"Unveiling novel and known Cryptaphelenchus species from China and USA","authors":"Jianfeng Gu, P. Castillo, Xinxin Ma, M. Munawar","doi":"10.1163/15685411-bja10335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-bja10335","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Cryptaphelenchus species are wood- or bark-inhabiting nematodes, generally mycetophagous and reported to have endophoretic associations with insects. In the present study, we describe two new and one known Cryptaphelenchus species detected in imported and domestic wood samples. Cryptaphelenchus americanum n. sp. and C. minutus were detected in the log samples of Pinus taeda imported from the USA, whereas C. orientalis n. sp. was isolated from the bark of dying Pinus sylvestris trees in Inner Mongolia, China. Both new species displayed characteristic features, including a relatively short body length, four lateral lines, a short post-vulval uterine sac in females, and a distinct cloacal apophysis in male tails. Newly recovered and known species were characterised molecularly, and phylogenetic trees were constructed to study their relationship with related Cryptaphelenchus species. Notably, the genetic divergence observed among Cryptaphelenchus species was found to be more significant compared to morphometrical differences, highlighting the importance of molecular data in taxonomy. The identification of new and known species expands our understanding of the genus and suggests that Cryptaphelenchus species may be under studied, underscoring the necessity for continued exploration.","PeriodicalId":18928,"journal":{"name":"Nematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141345051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10336
F. Abootalebi, G. Niknam, N. Vazifeh, N. Camino, Saideh Shaaf Gorashi
A new species of the genus Skrjabinomermis, collected from two locations in north and northwest of Iran, is described and illustrated, including morphological data and D2-D3 rRNA LSU sequences. Skrjabinomermis pirnaimi sp. n. is characterised by its six cephalic papillae, two hypodermal pegs in the area of the cephalic papillae, adult’s cuticle with very fine cross fibres, head rounded, mouth central, amphids cup-shaped, six hypodermal cords, vulva a transverse slit, located post-equatorially, cuticular protruding and vulval lips well developed, vagina pear- or barrel-shaped, with slightly bent lumen, tail similar in both sexes, bluntly rounded, spicules paired, medium sized, slightly curved, fused posteriorly for about 68-73% of their length, with pointed tip, male genital papillae arranged in three rows: the median ventral row having two pre- and two post-anal papillae, and the lateroventral rows with five papillae each. Molecular analyses using the D2-D3 expansion regions of the 28S rRNA gene sequences placed the genus Skrjabinomermis as a sister genus to Romanomermis with 93% Bayesian posterior probability based upon currently available data.
{"title":"Skrjabinomermis pirnaimi sp. n. (Nematoda: Mermithidae) from Iran: A morphological and molecular phylogenetic study","authors":"F. Abootalebi, G. Niknam, N. Vazifeh, N. Camino, Saideh Shaaf Gorashi","doi":"10.1163/15685411-bja10336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-bja10336","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000A new species of the genus Skrjabinomermis, collected from two locations in north and northwest of Iran, is described and illustrated, including morphological data and D2-D3 rRNA LSU sequences. Skrjabinomermis pirnaimi sp. n. is characterised by its six cephalic papillae, two hypodermal pegs in the area of the cephalic papillae, adult’s cuticle with very fine cross fibres, head rounded, mouth central, amphids cup-shaped, six hypodermal cords, vulva a transverse slit, located post-equatorially, cuticular protruding and vulval lips well developed, vagina pear- or barrel-shaped, with slightly bent lumen, tail similar in both sexes, bluntly rounded, spicules paired, medium sized, slightly curved, fused posteriorly for about 68-73% of their length, with pointed tip, male genital papillae arranged in three rows: the median ventral row having two pre- and two post-anal papillae, and the lateroventral rows with five papillae each. Molecular analyses using the D2-D3 expansion regions of the 28S rRNA gene sequences placed the genus Skrjabinomermis as a sister genus to Romanomermis with 93% Bayesian posterior probability based upon currently available data.","PeriodicalId":18928,"journal":{"name":"Nematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141345444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-05DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10331
Mohammad Asif, M. Mahboob, P. F. Rehman, Q. Tahseen
In the exploration of nematode diversity within the coal mine spoil of Sonebhadra district, an isolate of Ironus dentifurcatus Argo & Heyns, 1972 was collected from the soil surrounding the roots of Prosopis juliflora. This study aims to unravel taxonomic intricacies of I. dentifurcatus through analysis of morphometric data, morphological characteristics utilising both light and scanning electron microscopy, and genetic scrutiny employing the SSU 18s rDNA gene marker. The study adds valuable information to the evolutionary history of I. dentifurcatus by constructing a comprehensive phylogenetic tree. This analysis is further augmented by an exploration of phylogeography and genetic divergence within the genus Ironus Bastian, 1865. The results reveal the genetic variability within the species of Ironus and the possible adaptative radiations in the group.
{"title":"Delving into the diversity of genus Ironus Bastian, 1865 with special reference to Ironus dentifurcatus Argo & Heyns, 1972 (Ironidae: Enoplida), collected from coal mines","authors":"Mohammad Asif, M. Mahboob, P. F. Rehman, Q. Tahseen","doi":"10.1163/15685411-bja10331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-bja10331","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In the exploration of nematode diversity within the coal mine spoil of Sonebhadra district, an isolate of Ironus dentifurcatus Argo & Heyns, 1972 was collected from the soil surrounding the roots of Prosopis juliflora. This study aims to unravel taxonomic intricacies of I. dentifurcatus through analysis of morphometric data, morphological characteristics utilising both light and scanning electron microscopy, and genetic scrutiny employing the SSU 18s rDNA gene marker. The study adds valuable information to the evolutionary history of I. dentifurcatus by constructing a comprehensive phylogenetic tree. This analysis is further augmented by an exploration of phylogeography and genetic divergence within the genus Ironus Bastian, 1865. The results reveal the genetic variability within the species of Ironus and the possible adaptative radiations in the group.","PeriodicalId":18928,"journal":{"name":"Nematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141382531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10332
J. Gu, Xinxin Ma, P. Castillo, M. Munawar
The present study describes two new Ditylenchus species, isolated from the growing medium of Rhododendron simsii imported from Japan, at the Ningbo plant quarantine laboratory, Ningbo, P.R. China. Ditylenchus parvicauda n. sp. is an amphimictic species. Females have six incisures in the lateral fields, a medium length slim body, a short delicate stylet with asymmetrical stylet knobs, the secretory-excretory (S-E) pore located posterior to the isthmus and in the anterior region of the basal pharyngeal bulb, a posteriorly located vulva (V = 80.9-83.0), post-uterine sac (PUS) tube-like, and the tail cylindrical, tapering gradually towards finely rounded terminus. Males are similar to females in general morphology and have 10.1-14.9 μm long spicules. The second new species, D. gracicauda n. sp. is characterised by having a long and slender body, the presence of a vulval flap, four lines in the lateral field, a narrow and low lip region not offset, the S-E pore located posterior to the isthmus but not in the anterior region of the basal pharyngeal bulb, a posteriorly located vulva (V = 71.1-76.2), a short post-vulval uterine sac short (4.5-9.2 μm), and the tail slender, tapering gradually towards finely rounded to wedge-shaped terminus. The two new species were also characterised molecularly using 18S, ITS and the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA genes. Our phylogenetic analyses showed their independent place among available Ditylenchus species. Several Ditylenchus species are regulated pests, and the introduction of these species into a new environment may result in diseases among native plants or vegetation in the area. Therefore, careful attention must be directed towards newly discovered species, particularly those under quarantine observation.
{"title":"Unveiling two novel Ditylenchus (Nematoda: Anguinidae) species inhabiting the growing medium of Rhododendron simsii imported from Japan","authors":"J. Gu, Xinxin Ma, P. Castillo, M. Munawar","doi":"10.1163/15685411-bja10332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-bja10332","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The present study describes two new Ditylenchus species, isolated from the growing medium of Rhododendron simsii imported from Japan, at the Ningbo plant quarantine laboratory, Ningbo, P.R. China. Ditylenchus parvicauda n. sp. is an amphimictic species. Females have six incisures in the lateral fields, a medium length slim body, a short delicate stylet with asymmetrical stylet knobs, the secretory-excretory (S-E) pore located posterior to the isthmus and in the anterior region of the basal pharyngeal bulb, a posteriorly located vulva (V = 80.9-83.0), post-uterine sac (PUS) tube-like, and the tail cylindrical, tapering gradually towards finely rounded terminus. Males are similar to females in general morphology and have 10.1-14.9 μm long spicules. The second new species, D. gracicauda n. sp. is characterised by having a long and slender body, the presence of a vulval flap, four lines in the lateral field, a narrow and low lip region not offset, the S-E pore located posterior to the isthmus but not in the anterior region of the basal pharyngeal bulb, a posteriorly located vulva (V = 71.1-76.2), a short post-vulval uterine sac short (4.5-9.2 μm), and the tail slender, tapering gradually towards finely rounded to wedge-shaped terminus. The two new species were also characterised molecularly using 18S, ITS and the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA genes. Our phylogenetic analyses showed their independent place among available Ditylenchus species. Several Ditylenchus species are regulated pests, and the introduction of these species into a new environment may result in diseases among native plants or vegetation in the area. Therefore, careful attention must be directed towards newly discovered species, particularly those under quarantine observation.","PeriodicalId":18928,"journal":{"name":"Nematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141387838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10333
Ruihang Cai, J. Gu, W. Ye, Xinxin Ma, Yinzhan Liu
Longidorus sanlitanensis n. sp. was recovered from the rhizosphere of Melilotoides ruthenica and Chamaerhodos erecta in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, P.R. China, and was described and illustrated using morphological and molecular data. The new species is characterised by medium body length of females (4.0-4.8 mm), lip region anteriorly rounded and separated from the rest of the body by a depression, pocket-shaped amphidial pouches, the guiding ring located at 58.4-66.0 μm from the anterior end, odontostyle and odontophore 107.2-114.6 and 71.6-77.8 μm long, respectively, the pharyngeal bulb 68.7-79.7 μm long, a short conical tail with a broadly rounded terminus, four juvenile developmental stages (J1 was not detected) and males absent. By similarities in the distance of the guiding ring from the anterior body end, body and odontostyle length and lip region shape, the new species was compared with nine similar species, namely: L. litchi, L. diadecturus, L. fursti, L. himalayensis, L. jonesi, L. wiesae, L. macromucronatus, L. fangi and L. zhengi. The matrix code of the new species is: A4-B2-C5-D4-E1-F2-G2-H12-I2-J1-K?. The phylogenetic relationships of the new species with other relevant species were reconstructed using near-full-length 18S, ITS1 and 28S D2-D3 regions of rRNA gene and the resulted topologies were discussed. In 18S phylogeny, L. sanlitanensis n. sp. formed a clade with L. litchi inside a major clade, including species with a posteriorly located guiding ring, and in 28S phylogeny it showed close relationships with species having a posteriorly located guiding ring. This is the 22nd Longidorus species recorded from China.
{"title":"Description of Longidorus sanlitanensis n. sp. (Dorylaimida: Longidoridae) from the rhizosphere of Melilotoides ruthenica and Chamaerhodos erecta in China","authors":"Ruihang Cai, J. Gu, W. Ye, Xinxin Ma, Yinzhan Liu","doi":"10.1163/15685411-bja10333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-bja10333","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Longidorus sanlitanensis n. sp. was recovered from the rhizosphere of Melilotoides ruthenica and Chamaerhodos erecta in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, P.R. China, and was described and illustrated using morphological and molecular data. The new species is characterised by medium body length of females (4.0-4.8 mm), lip region anteriorly rounded and separated from the rest of the body by a depression, pocket-shaped amphidial pouches, the guiding ring located at 58.4-66.0 μm from the anterior end, odontostyle and odontophore 107.2-114.6 and 71.6-77.8 μm long, respectively, the pharyngeal bulb 68.7-79.7 μm long, a short conical tail with a broadly rounded terminus, four juvenile developmental stages (J1 was not detected) and males absent. By similarities in the distance of the guiding ring from the anterior body end, body and odontostyle length and lip region shape, the new species was compared with nine similar species, namely: L. litchi, L. diadecturus, L. fursti, L. himalayensis, L. jonesi, L. wiesae, L. macromucronatus, L. fangi and L. zhengi. The matrix code of the new species is: A4-B2-C5-D4-E1-F2-G2-H12-I2-J1-K?. The phylogenetic relationships of the new species with other relevant species were reconstructed using near-full-length 18S, ITS1 and 28S D2-D3 regions of rRNA gene and the resulted topologies were discussed. In 18S phylogeny, L. sanlitanensis n. sp. formed a clade with L. litchi inside a major clade, including species with a posteriorly located guiding ring, and in 28S phylogeny it showed close relationships with species having a posteriorly located guiding ring. This is the 22nd Longidorus species recorded from China.","PeriodicalId":18928,"journal":{"name":"Nematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141386830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-13DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10329
S. Subbotin, Ignacio Cid del Prado-Vera
The red ring nematode, Bursaphelenchus cocophilus, vectored by the South American palm weevil, Rhynchophorus palmarum, is the causal agent of red ring disease in coconut and other palms in countries of Central and South America. The populations of B. cocophilus collected in the states of Guerrero and Tabasco, Mexico, were molecularly characterised using the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA, ITS rRNA and COI gene sequences. Mexican B. cocophilus populations were molecularly different from other Central and South American populations. Comparative analysis of available rRNA sequences obtained from several countries showed that B. cocophilus consists of molecularly different populations and its species structure is likely congruent with that of the beetle vector. Conventional PCR, real-time PCR and recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) with lateral flow dipstick (LF) assays have been developed for the identification of the red ring nematode in this study. The specificity of the ITS rRNA primers in the assays were examined using B. cocophilus and other 15 species of family Aphelenchoididae. Detection sensitivity levels, determined by using a dilution series of B. cocophilus extracts, was 0.13 nematode per reaction tube for real-time PCR and 0.25 nematode per reaction tube for conventional PCR and LF-RPA assays. The application of the LF-RPA assay has great potential for diagnosing infestation of this species with a minimal laboratory infrastructure.
{"title":"Molecular characterisation and diagnostics of the red ring nematode, Bursaphelenchus cocophilus, from Mexico","authors":"S. Subbotin, Ignacio Cid del Prado-Vera","doi":"10.1163/15685411-bja10329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-bja10329","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The red ring nematode, Bursaphelenchus cocophilus, vectored by the South American palm weevil, Rhynchophorus palmarum, is the causal agent of red ring disease in coconut and other palms in countries of Central and South America. The populations of B. cocophilus collected in the states of Guerrero and Tabasco, Mexico, were molecularly characterised using the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA, ITS rRNA and COI gene sequences. Mexican B. cocophilus populations were molecularly different from other Central and South American populations. Comparative analysis of available rRNA sequences obtained from several countries showed that B. cocophilus consists of molecularly different populations and its species structure is likely congruent with that of the beetle vector. Conventional PCR, real-time PCR and recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) with lateral flow dipstick (LF) assays have been developed for the identification of the red ring nematode in this study. The specificity of the ITS rRNA primers in the assays were examined using B. cocophilus and other 15 species of family Aphelenchoididae. Detection sensitivity levels, determined by using a dilution series of B. cocophilus extracts, was 0.13 nematode per reaction tube for real-time PCR and 0.25 nematode per reaction tube for conventional PCR and LF-RPA assays. The application of the LF-RPA assay has great potential for diagnosing infestation of this species with a minimal laboratory infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":18928,"journal":{"name":"Nematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140985966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10327
N. Kanzaki, Yuta Fujimori
A Bursaphelenchus species belonging to the hofmanni group (corneolus subgroup) was isolated from a small piece of larval faeces of the longhorn beetle Aeolesthes chrysothrix chrysothrix in its pupal chamber. The chamber was constructed in a dead wood section of Quercus glauca obtained from a live tree. The material was obtained during a management procedure of a garden tree to remove the dead part from live tree. The species is typologically characterised by its three-lined lateral field, the position of its secretory-excretory pore overlapping with the metacorpus anterior half, a very small spicule with distinctive broad and rounded condyles, a flattened trapezoid-shaped rostrum and small flattened cucullus, the presence of seven (P1, P2 and P3 papilliform and P5 gland) male genital papillae, a female vulva with a side flap and female tail forming an elongate conoid with a strongly ventrally curved posterior half and narrowly rounded or digitate tip. The species is typologically close to B. corneolus, sharing a small cucullus and female tail shape, but can be distinguished from the other species by the position of the secretory-excretory pore and the spicule rostrum shape. Phylogenetically, the new species forms a well-supported clade with B. corneolus, but can be distinguished by its clearly separable phylogenetic status inferred from SSU and D2-D3 LSU sequences and the difference in the ITS sequence. The new species is described as B. glaucae n. sp. Although the nematode was isolated from the larval faeces of A. c. chrysothrix, it has not been directly isolated from the insect body to date, thus, the carrier insect of the nematode has not been determined.
从长角金龟（Aeolesthes chrysothrix chrysothrix）蛹室中的一小块幼虫粪便中分离出一种属于 hofmanni 组（corneolus 亚组）的 Bursaphelenchus。蛹室建在从一棵活树上获取的柞树枯木部分。该材料是在对一棵园林树进行管理过程中从活树上清除枯死部分时获得的。该物种的典型特征是其三线侧领域、其分泌-排泄孔的位置与甲壳前半部重叠、具有独特的宽而圆的髁的非常小的孢子囊、扁平的梯形喙和扁平的小葫芦、有 7 个（P1、P2 和 P3 乳头状和 P5 腺）雄性生殖器乳头，雌性外阴部有一侧瓣，雌性尾部形成一个拉长的圆锥体，后半部强烈向腹侧弯曲，顶端呈狭圆形或指状。在类型学上，该物种与 B. corneolus 很接近，都有一个小的尾盖和雌尾形状，但可以通过分泌孔的位置和棘喙的形状与其他物种区分开来。在系统发育上，该新种与 B. corneolus 形成了一个支持良好的支系，但根据 SSU 和 D2-D3 LSU 序列以及 ITS 序列的差异推断，其系统发育地位明显可分。虽然从 A. c. chrysothrix 的幼虫粪便中分离出了该线虫，但迄今为止尚未从昆虫体内直接分离出该线虫，因此尚未确定该线虫的携带昆虫。
{"title":"Bursaphelenchus glaucae n. sp. isolated from larval faeces of a longhorn beetle, Aeolesthes chrysothrix chrysothrix (Bates), in its pupal chamber constructed in the dead wood of Quercus glauca Thunb. from Japan","authors":"N. Kanzaki, Yuta Fujimori","doi":"10.1163/15685411-bja10327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-bja10327","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000A Bursaphelenchus species belonging to the hofmanni group (corneolus subgroup) was isolated from a small piece of larval faeces of the longhorn beetle Aeolesthes chrysothrix chrysothrix in its pupal chamber. The chamber was constructed in a dead wood section of Quercus glauca obtained from a live tree. The material was obtained during a management procedure of a garden tree to remove the dead part from live tree. The species is typologically characterised by its three-lined lateral field, the position of its secretory-excretory pore overlapping with the metacorpus anterior half, a very small spicule with distinctive broad and rounded condyles, a flattened trapezoid-shaped rostrum and small flattened cucullus, the presence of seven (P1, P2 and P3 papilliform and P5 gland) male genital papillae, a female vulva with a side flap and female tail forming an elongate conoid with a strongly ventrally curved posterior half and narrowly rounded or digitate tip. The species is typologically close to B. corneolus, sharing a small cucullus and female tail shape, but can be distinguished from the other species by the position of the secretory-excretory pore and the spicule rostrum shape. Phylogenetically, the new species forms a well-supported clade with B. corneolus, but can be distinguished by its clearly separable phylogenetic status inferred from SSU and D2-D3 LSU sequences and the difference in the ITS sequence. The new species is described as B. glaucae n. sp. Although the nematode was isolated from the larval faeces of A. c. chrysothrix, it has not been directly isolated from the insect body to date, thus, the carrier insect of the nematode has not been determined.","PeriodicalId":18928,"journal":{"name":"Nematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140990952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10326
N. Kanzaki, Yuta Fujimori, Taisuke Ekino, Yousuke Degawa
A new species of Pristionchus was isolated from a soil-dwelling bee, Halictus (Seladonia) aerarius, collected from Sugadaira, Nagano, Japan. The nematode was successfully cultured on nematode growth medium agar previously inoculated with the Escherichia coli strain OP50; however, it did not propagate well. Typologically, the new species is similar to other Pristionchus belonging to the maupasi, pacificus and lheritieri groups in the stomatal structure of stenostomatous form. However, the species is characterised by the relatively short, conical tail of the female and the arrangement of male genital papillae in which the second- and third-paired papillae are almost at the same level and one of these two are directed laterally. Phylogenetically, the nematode belongs to the maupasi group, the ‘American clade’ within the genus, and is separable from the other species in the group. Biologically, the species has several interesting characters: it is seemingly native to Japan, regardless of its phylogenetic group; it is in tight and specific phoretic association with a eusocial bee; it lacks a eurystomatous form (or this form occurs rarely) under cultured conditions; and it shows characteristic clumping behaviour on culture media. The new species is taxonomically described herein as Pristionchus seladoniae n. sp.
{"title":"Pristionchus seladoniae n. sp. (Diplogastridae) isolated from a eusocial soil-dwelling bee, Halictus (Seladonia) aerarius, in Nagano, Japan","authors":"N. Kanzaki, Yuta Fujimori, Taisuke Ekino, Yousuke Degawa","doi":"10.1163/15685411-bja10326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-bja10326","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000A new species of Pristionchus was isolated from a soil-dwelling bee, Halictus (Seladonia) aerarius, collected from Sugadaira, Nagano, Japan. The nematode was successfully cultured on nematode growth medium agar previously inoculated with the Escherichia coli strain OP50; however, it did not propagate well. Typologically, the new species is similar to other Pristionchus belonging to the maupasi, pacificus and lheritieri groups in the stomatal structure of stenostomatous form. However, the species is characterised by the relatively short, conical tail of the female and the arrangement of male genital papillae in which the second- and third-paired papillae are almost at the same level and one of these two are directed laterally. Phylogenetically, the nematode belongs to the maupasi group, the ‘American clade’ within the genus, and is separable from the other species in the group. Biologically, the species has several interesting characters: it is seemingly native to Japan, regardless of its phylogenetic group; it is in tight and specific phoretic association with a eusocial bee; it lacks a eurystomatous form (or this form occurs rarely) under cultured conditions; and it shows characteristic clumping behaviour on culture media. The new species is taxonomically described herein as Pristionchus seladoniae n. sp.","PeriodicalId":18928,"journal":{"name":"Nematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140992720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10325
S. Álvarez‐Ortega, S. Subbotin
A new genus and species of anguinid nematode, Cotylenchus cleo gen. n., sp. n., was recovered from leaves of the western sword fern, Polystichum munitum, growing in rainforests in several locations of Olympic National Park, Washington State, USA. This new anguinid nematode induced distinct necrotic and chlorotic symptoms on fern leaves characterised by yellowing, light to brown areas between veins. The new species is characterised by a long and slender body, six incisures in the lateral field, robust stylet (12.0-13.5 μm) with large and rounded knobs, pyriform to elongate and abutting basal pharyngeal bulb, and long conical tail with pointed terminus; females having posteriorly located vulva (V = 74-80%) and well-developed post-vulval uterine sac (26-59 μm) and males having spicules 20-23 μm long. Phylogenetic analysis of the partial 18S rRNA and the D2-D3 expansion segments of the 28S rRNA genes showed that this anguinid nematode formed a separate evolutionary lineage different from all other Anguinidae taxa. The new species was also characterised by sequencing the ITS rRNA and COI genes.
{"title":"Cotylenchus cleo gen. n., sp. n., a new plant-parasitic nematode (Tylenchida: Anguinidae) parasitising on leaves of western sword fern plants from rainforests in Washington State, USA","authors":"S. Álvarez‐Ortega, S. Subbotin","doi":"10.1163/15685411-bja10325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-bja10325","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000A new genus and species of anguinid nematode, Cotylenchus cleo gen. n., sp. n., was recovered from leaves of the western sword fern, Polystichum munitum, growing in rainforests in several locations of Olympic National Park, Washington State, USA. This new anguinid nematode induced distinct necrotic and chlorotic symptoms on fern leaves characterised by yellowing, light to brown areas between veins. The new species is characterised by a long and slender body, six incisures in the lateral field, robust stylet (12.0-13.5 μm) with large and rounded knobs, pyriform to elongate and abutting basal pharyngeal bulb, and long conical tail with pointed terminus; females having posteriorly located vulva (V = 74-80%) and well-developed post-vulval uterine sac (26-59 μm) and males having spicules 20-23 μm long. Phylogenetic analysis of the partial 18S rRNA and the D2-D3 expansion segments of the 28S rRNA genes showed that this anguinid nematode formed a separate evolutionary lineage different from all other Anguinidae taxa. The new species was also characterised by sequencing the ITS rRNA and COI genes.","PeriodicalId":18928,"journal":{"name":"Nematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141038444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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