Pub Date : 2001-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10587250108024707
Xiao Chen, B. Zhu, Wei Wang, S. Efrima, Jie Liu, Kongzhang Yang
Abstract Copper sulfide nanoparticles are prepared in situ using a 3D organic layered crystal of tetrahalos of bis(n-alkylammonium) as template by its reaction with H2S gas. Under suitable reaction conditions, these quantum dots may be organized automatically to an ordered pattern.
{"title":"In Situ Formation of Semiconductor Nanoparticles in the Three-Dimensional Organic Layered Crystal","authors":"Xiao Chen, B. Zhu, Wei Wang, S. Efrima, Jie Liu, Kongzhang Yang","doi":"10.1080/10587250108024707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10587250108024707","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Copper sulfide nanoparticles are prepared in situ using a 3D organic layered crystal of tetrahalos of bis(n-alkylammonium) as template by its reaction with H2S gas. Under suitable reaction conditions, these quantum dots may be organized automatically to an ordered pattern.","PeriodicalId":18940,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals","volume":"16 1","pages":"139 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84984377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10587250108024728
H. Baac, Jae-Hong Park, S. Lee, Suk Hoon Kang, D. Choi
Abstract A novel control of the grating efficiency in a nematic liquid crystal cell with an azobenzene polymer surface is proposed. In an optical control regime, the grating effect can be controlled by alternate polarization switchings of one pump beam due to strong polarization sensitivity of azobenzene chromophores. Moreover, the grating efficiency can be easily tuned by an external ac electric field.
{"title":"Optical and Electro-Optical Control of Grating Efficiency in a Nematic Liquid Crystal Cell with Azo Polymer Boundary","authors":"H. Baac, Jae-Hong Park, S. Lee, Suk Hoon Kang, D. Choi","doi":"10.1080/10587250108024728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10587250108024728","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A novel control of the grating efficiency in a nematic liquid crystal cell with an azobenzene polymer surface is proposed. In an optical control regime, the grating effect can be controlled by alternate polarization switchings of one pump beam due to strong polarization sensitivity of azobenzene chromophores. Moreover, the grating efficiency can be easily tuned by an external ac electric field.","PeriodicalId":18940,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals","volume":"1 1","pages":"227 - 230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84613460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10587250108024745
Sunghyun Kim, Sung‐Ho Jin, M. Jang, Seong-Bae Moon, Y. Gal, D. Moon, Jong-Wook Parke, S. Choi
Abstract Poly(1,6-heptadiyne) derivatives containing side chain alkylsilyloxy group were synthesized by metathesis polymerization. It was found that the catalytic activity of Mobased catalysts was greater than that of W-based catalysts. Polymerization of these monomers gave to the conjugated polyenes containing cyclic repeating units in the polymer backbone. The resulting polymers exhibited good thermal property and solubility in common organic solvents and were easily spin-coated on ITO coated substrate.
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(1,6-Heptadiyne) Derivatives Containing Alkylsilyloxy Groups","authors":"Sunghyun Kim, Sung‐Ho Jin, M. Jang, Seong-Bae Moon, Y. Gal, D. Moon, Jong-Wook Parke, S. Choi","doi":"10.1080/10587250108024745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10587250108024745","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Poly(1,6-heptadiyne) derivatives containing side chain alkylsilyloxy group were synthesized by metathesis polymerization. It was found that the catalytic activity of Mobased catalysts was greater than that of W-based catalysts. Polymerization of these monomers gave to the conjugated polyenes containing cyclic repeating units in the polymer backbone. The resulting polymers exhibited good thermal property and solubility in common organic solvents and were easily spin-coated on ITO coated substrate.","PeriodicalId":18940,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals","volume":"51 1","pages":"297 - 300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88258302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10587250108030065
C. Chung, S. Cho, S. Oh
Abstract A new positive-type photosensitive polyimide containing simultaneously N-carbonyloxyimide groups and cyclobutane rings in the main chain was prepared, and its photodegradation behavior was investigated by FT-IR, 1H NMR, and GC-MS spectroscopy. The polyimide underwent a photo-induced decomposition through the cleavage of N-O bond as well as cyclobutane ring, affording maleimide as a photoproduct. The polyimide exhibited enhanced photosensitivity compared to conventional cyclobutane-containing polyimides.
{"title":"Synthesis and Photodegradation of a Polyimide Having N-Carbonyloxyimide Moieties in the Main Chain","authors":"C. Chung, S. Cho, S. Oh","doi":"10.1080/10587250108030065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10587250108030065","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A new positive-type photosensitive polyimide containing simultaneously N-carbonyloxyimide groups and cyclobutane rings in the main chain was prepared, and its photodegradation behavior was investigated by FT-IR, 1H NMR, and GC-MS spectroscopy. The polyimide underwent a photo-induced decomposition through the cleavage of N-O bond as well as cyclobutane ring, affording maleimide as a photoproduct. The polyimide exhibited enhanced photosensitivity compared to conventional cyclobutane-containing polyimides.","PeriodicalId":18940,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals","volume":"52 1","pages":"177 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75363430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10587250108024694
Yongku Kang, Eunkyoung Kim, Changjin Lee
Abstract Electrochemically active multilayers of self doped polyaniline films were prepared by the ionic interaction between poly(aniline N-butanesulfonate) (PANBUS) and polyethylene imine. Kinetic constant and free energy of the PANBUS adsorption were calculated to be 2.3/M·sec and -5.4 kcal/mole, respectively from the analysis of QCM. The prepared film showed the characteristic cyclic voltammogram of polyaniline and EQCM study of the multilayered film indicated that the mass change during oxidation and reduction was independent on the cations and anions of the used electrolytes.
{"title":"Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance Study of the Self-assembled Multilayered Poly(aniline N-Butansulfonate) Film","authors":"Yongku Kang, Eunkyoung Kim, Changjin Lee","doi":"10.1080/10587250108024694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10587250108024694","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Electrochemically active multilayers of self doped polyaniline films were prepared by the ionic interaction between poly(aniline N-butanesulfonate) (PANBUS) and polyethylene imine. Kinetic constant and free energy of the PANBUS adsorption were calculated to be 2.3/M·sec and -5.4 kcal/mole, respectively from the analysis of QCM. The prepared film showed the characteristic cyclic voltammogram of polyaniline and EQCM study of the multilayered film indicated that the mass change during oxidation and reduction was independent on the cations and anions of the used electrolytes.","PeriodicalId":18940,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals","volume":"115 1","pages":"87 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83213852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10587250108024683
N. Kimura, Y. Nakamura, K. Imai, T. Sawada, I. Tsubono
Abstract Retinoid molecules are the important component for photoreaction. We observed absorption spectra of the solution of retinoic acid, soaked films, and LB films. The spectrum of the solution shows the peak at 368nm. The spectrum of the soaked film could be resolved into two peaks. The peak at 370nm would be due to the monomer molecules, and the peak at 418nm would be due to the aggregate. The absorption spectrum of the LB film of retinoic acid shows the main peak at 380nm (M), subpeak at 358nm (A2) and the shoulder peak at 420nm (A1). The main peak (M) is considered to be the monomer molecules. Eight kinds of aggregates of retinoic acid molecules were considered, and the shifts of absorption transition energies of the aggregates were calculated using the semiempirical electronic structure program. The results suggest that the peak A2 at 358nm should be due to the trimer of retinoic acid.
{"title":"Absorption Properties of Langmuir-Blodgett Films of Retinoic Acid","authors":"N. Kimura, Y. Nakamura, K. Imai, T. Sawada, I. Tsubono","doi":"10.1080/10587250108024683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10587250108024683","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Retinoid molecules are the important component for photoreaction. We observed absorption spectra of the solution of retinoic acid, soaked films, and LB films. The spectrum of the solution shows the peak at 368nm. The spectrum of the soaked film could be resolved into two peaks. The peak at 370nm would be due to the monomer molecules, and the peak at 418nm would be due to the aggregate. The absorption spectrum of the LB film of retinoic acid shows the main peak at 380nm (M), subpeak at 358nm (A2) and the shoulder peak at 420nm (A1). The main peak (M) is considered to be the monomer molecules. Eight kinds of aggregates of retinoic acid molecules were considered, and the shifts of absorption transition energies of the aggregates were calculated using the semiempirical electronic structure program. The results suggest that the peak A2 at 358nm should be due to the trimer of retinoic acid.","PeriodicalId":18940,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals","volume":"33 1","pages":"41 - 44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87953038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10587250108024703
T. Sawadaishi, K. Ijiro, M. Shimomura, Y. Shiraishi, N. Toshima, T. Yonezawa, T. Kunitake
Abstract Two-dimensional regular patterns of nanoparticles were formed on solid substrate by casting colloidal dispersion. Periodic stripes were formed on mica surface parallel to the receding direction of casting solution. The thickness of each stripe was estimated to be comparable to that of monolayer of particles. From atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), it was cleared that the monolayer of silica particles were hexagonally packed.
{"title":"Two-Dimensional Patterning of Nanoparticles Using Dissipative Structures","authors":"T. Sawadaishi, K. Ijiro, M. Shimomura, Y. Shiraishi, N. Toshima, T. Yonezawa, T. Kunitake","doi":"10.1080/10587250108024703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10587250108024703","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Two-dimensional regular patterns of nanoparticles were formed on solid substrate by casting colloidal dispersion. Periodic stripes were formed on mica surface parallel to the receding direction of casting solution. The thickness of each stripe was estimated to be comparable to that of monolayer of particles. From atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), it was cleared that the monolayer of silica particles were hexagonally packed.","PeriodicalId":18940,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals","volume":"32 1","pages":"123 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90816240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10587250108024759
Sanghyun Joo, S. Han, K. Kim
Abstract The adsorption characteristics of (α,ω)-aliphatic dithiols on gold and silver were found to be dependent on the kind of solvent In n-hexane medium, a multilayered film was readily formed not only on gold but also on silver. The infrared spectra suggested that multilayered films on gold should possess highly disordered structures regardless of the number of layers.
{"title":"Adsorption Characteristics of Aliphatic Dithiols on Silver and Gold Revealed by Ellipsometry and FT-IR Spectroscopy","authors":"Sanghyun Joo, S. Han, K. Kim","doi":"10.1080/10587250108024759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10587250108024759","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The adsorption characteristics of (α,ω)-aliphatic dithiols on gold and silver were found to be dependent on the kind of solvent In n-hexane medium, a multilayered film was readily formed not only on gold but also on silver. The infrared spectra suggested that multilayered films on gold should possess highly disordered structures regardless of the number of layers.","PeriodicalId":18940,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals","volume":"47 1","pages":"355 - 358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90474703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10587250108024753
J. Kim, Yongseon Hwang, Young Taek Kim, Kitae Song, B. Cho, H. Rhee
Abstract Polypyrrole(PPy)/LiMn2O4 composites were prepared by chemical oxidation of pyrrole onto LiMn2O4 with dodecylbenzene sulfonate as a dopant. The polymerization occurred mainly on the surface of LiMn2O4 to yield the entirely coated LiMn2O4 particles. The capacity of the cell reached the maximum of 124 mAh/g at 4.1 wt% of PPy in the active material. The composite cell showed enhanced charge-discharge properties compared with a pure LiMn2O4 cell. The PPy may enhance the electron exchange ability and stabilize the structure of LiMn2O4.
{"title":"Enhanced Electrochemical Properties of Li Secondary Batteries Using Polypyrrole/LiMn2O4 Composite Cathodes","authors":"J. Kim, Yongseon Hwang, Young Taek Kim, Kitae Song, B. Cho, H. Rhee","doi":"10.1080/10587250108024753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10587250108024753","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Polypyrrole(PPy)/LiMn2O4 composites were prepared by chemical oxidation of pyrrole onto LiMn2O4 with dodecylbenzene sulfonate as a dopant. The polymerization occurred mainly on the surface of LiMn2O4 to yield the entirely coated LiMn2O4 particles. The capacity of the cell reached the maximum of 124 mAh/g at 4.1 wt% of PPy in the active material. The composite cell showed enhanced charge-discharge properties compared with a pure LiMn2O4 cell. The PPy may enhance the electron exchange ability and stabilize the structure of LiMn2O4.","PeriodicalId":18940,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals","volume":"1 1","pages":"329 - 332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81757894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10587250108024773
Myong-Hoon Lee, Jinkyu Kim, Yoonsang Cheong, Jaewook Kang, Jang-Joo Kim, Chulhee Kim
Abstract A novel photosensitive poly(amide-co-imide) was synthesized from the copolymerization of p-phenylenediacryloyl chloride, bis(3,4-dicarboxyliphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride and 4,4′-oxydipehnyldiamine followed by subsequent chemical imidization. The resulting polymer showed intrinsic photosensitivity without additives, good processability in solution and high thermal stability up to 350 °C. From the refractive index measurement of the polymer by prism coupling method, it was found that the refractive index could be varied precisely with respect to the exposure time (from 1.6444 to 1.6230 for 2 μm thick film, TE mode, measured at 1.55 μm). Fabrication of passive waveguide was attempted by the photo-patterning process, i.e., photo-modulation of refractive index. Straight waveguide was easily fabricated and single mode near-field pattern was observed by using 1.55 μm near-IR light.
{"title":"Photoinduced Refractive Index Modulation of Photosensitive Polyimides and Their Application in Passive Waveguide Fabrication","authors":"Myong-Hoon Lee, Jinkyu Kim, Yoonsang Cheong, Jaewook Kang, Jang-Joo Kim, Chulhee Kim","doi":"10.1080/10587250108024773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10587250108024773","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A novel photosensitive poly(amide-co-imide) was synthesized from the copolymerization of p-phenylenediacryloyl chloride, bis(3,4-dicarboxyliphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride and 4,4′-oxydipehnyldiamine followed by subsequent chemical imidization. The resulting polymer showed intrinsic photosensitivity without additives, good processability in solution and high thermal stability up to 350 °C. From the refractive index measurement of the polymer by prism coupling method, it was found that the refractive index could be varied precisely with respect to the exposure time (from 1.6444 to 1.6230 for 2 μm thick film, TE mode, measured at 1.55 μm). Fabrication of passive waveguide was attempted by the photo-patterning process, i.e., photo-modulation of refractive index. Straight waveguide was easily fabricated and single mode near-field pattern was observed by using 1.55 μm near-IR light.","PeriodicalId":18940,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals","volume":"29 1","pages":"419 - 422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84356310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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