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Criteria for prioritizing trait-relevant genes 性状相关基因优先排序的标准。
IF 29 1区 生物学 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-025-02459-w
Wei Li
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引用次数: 0
A twist to rose fragrance 一缕玫瑰的芬芳。
IF 29 1区 生物学 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-025-02458-x
Hui Hua
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引用次数: 0
Immune dynamics of pig-to-human xenotransplantation 猪与人异种移植的免疫动力学。
IF 29 1区 生物学 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-025-02461-2
Cong Zhao
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引用次数: 0
A biobank-scale test of marginal epistasis reveals genome-wide signals of polygenic interaction effects 边际上位性的生物库规模测试揭示了多基因相互作用效应的全基因组信号
IF 29 1区 生物学 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-025-02411-y
Boyang Fu, Ali Pazokitoroudi, Zhuozheng Shi, Asha Kar, Albert Xue, Aakarsh Anand, Prateek Anand, Zhengtong Liu, Richard Border, Päivi Pajukanta, Noah Zaitlen, Sriram Sankararaman
The contribution of genetic interactions (epistasis) to human complex trait variation remains poorly understood due, in part, to the statistical and computational challenges involved in testing for interaction effects. Here we introduce FAME (FAst Marginal Epistasis test), a method that can test for marginal epistasis of a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on a quantitative trait (whether the effect of an SNP on the trait is modulated by genetic background). FAME is computationally efficient, enabling tests of marginal epistasis on biobank-scale data. Applying FAME to genome-wide association study (GWAS)-significant trait-SNP associations across 53 quantitative traits and ≈300 000 unrelated White British individuals in the UK Biobank (UKBB), we identified 16 significant marginal epistasis signals across 12 traits ( $$P < frac{5times {10}^{-8}}{53}$$ ). Leveraging the scalability of FAME, we further localized marginal epistasis signals across chromosomes and estimated the proportion of variance explained by marginal epistasis effects. Our study provides evidence for interactions between individual genetic variants and polygenic background influencing complex traits. FAME is a biobank-scale method that tests whether the effect of an SNP on a quantitative trait is modulated by an individual’s polygenic background. FAME can also be used to estimate of the proportion of variance explained by such marginal epistasis effects
遗传相互作用(上位性)对人类复杂性状变异的贡献仍然知之甚少,部分原因是在相互作用效应测试中涉及的统计和计算挑战。在这里,我们介绍FAME(快速边际上位性测试),一种可以测试单核苷酸多态性(SNP)对数量性状的边际上位性的方法(SNP对性状的影响是否受到遗传背景的调节)。FAME的计算效率很高,可以在生物库规模的数据上进行边际上位性测试。将FAME应用于UK Biobank (UKBB)中53个数量性状和约30万个无亲缘关系的英国白人个体的全基因组关联研究(GWAS)-显著性状- snp关联,我们确定了12个性状中16个显著的边际优势信号((P < frac{5times {10}^{-8}}{53}))。利用FAME的可扩展性,我们进一步定位了染色体上的边际上位信号,并估计了边际上位效应解释的方差比例。我们的研究为个体遗传变异和影响复杂性状的多基因背景之间的相互作用提供了证据。
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引用次数: 0
Saturation mutagenesis identifies activating and resistance-inducing FGFR kinase domain mutations 饱和诱变识别激活和抗性诱导的FGFR激酶结构域突变。
IF 29 1区 生物学 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-025-02431-8
Carla Tangermann, Avantika Ghosh, Martin Ziegler, Francesco Facchinetti, Jannis Stappenbeck, Yagmur Oyku Carus Sahin, Marisa Riester, Luise Carmina Viardot, Tobias Zundel, Luc Friboulet, Antoine Hollebecque, José J. Naveja, Angela Wanninger, Maria Elena Hess, Tilman Brummer, Melanie Boerries, Sonja Loges, Yohann Loriot, Anna L. Illert, Sven Diederichs
Variants of uncertain significance represent the biggest challenge for genomics-based precision oncology. Activated fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) frequently drive tumorigenesis by different genetic aberrations. However, it remains unknown which of the many point mutations affecting FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 or FGFR4 in cancer are druggable, that is, activating signaling while not mediating FGFR inhibitor resistance. Here we implemented a saturation mutational scanning platform to screen all 11,520 possible point mutations covering the kinase domains of FGFR1–4. Pooled positive selection screens identified 474 activating and 738 mutations mediating resistance to the FGFR inhibitors pemigatinib and futibatinib, together revealing 301 druggable FGFR mutations analogous to a strong PS3/BS3 evidence level. The screens also identified loss-of-function mutations and an association of gain-of-function mutations with hydrophobic changes. The functional screens identified 97% of acquired resistance mutations in clinical trials. Our comprehensive catalog of every druggable mutation in the FGFR kinase domains is readily available for clinical decision support. Saturation mutagenesis screening examines 11,520 point mutations in the kinase domains of FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4, identifying their activating and resistance properties to the FGFR inhibitors pemigatinib and futibatinib.
意义不确定的变异是基于基因组学的精确肿瘤学面临的最大挑战。激活的成纤维细胞生长因子受体(FGFRs)经常通过不同的遗传畸变驱动肿瘤发生。然而,目前尚不清楚在癌症中影响FGFR1、FGFR2、FGFR3或FGFR4的许多点突变中,哪些是可药物性的,即激活信号而不介导FGFR抑制剂耐药性。在这里,我们实现了一个饱和突变扫描平台来筛选覆盖FGFR1-4激酶结构域的所有11,520个可能的点突变。合并阳性选择筛选确定了474个激活突变和738个突变介导对FGFR抑制剂pemigatinib和futibatinib的耐药,总共揭示了301个可用药的FGFR突变,类似于强大的PS3/BS3证据水平。筛选还发现了功能丧失突变和功能获得突变与疏水变化的关联。在临床试验中,功能性筛选确定了97%的获得性耐药突变。我们在FGFR激酶结构域的每个可药物突变的综合目录很容易获得临床决策支持。
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引用次数: 0
Small nuclear RNA genes in Mendelian disorders 孟德尔疾病中的小核RNA基因
IF 29 1区 生物学 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-025-02440-7
Stylianos E. Antonarakis
Small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes represent a class of non-protein-coding genes involved in the processing of pre-mRNAs of intron-containing genes. The human genome contains approximately 2,000 snRNA genes; the majority are pseudogenes, and only a small fraction are functional. These snRNAs undergo extensive post-transcriptional modifications, and, together with proteins and other snRNAs, form small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, which are components of the spliceosome. This Review discusses high-impact variants in 12 snRNA genes that cause Mendelian disorders with either autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance patterns. The associated phenotypes include mainly neurodevelopmental delay, developmental abnormalities and retinitis pigmentosa. The presumed consequences of these variants are presented on the basis of previous functional characterization of the corresponding snRNAs. It is anticipated that the understanding of both Mendelian and complex traits due to snRNAs will increase the diagnostic potential, partially explain penetrance and provide more therapeutic options. This Review discusses the high-impact variants in 12 small nuclear RNA genes that cause Mendelian disorders with either autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance patterns, highlighting the biochemical consequences and therapeutic implications.
小核RNA (snRNA)基因是一类参与内含子基因前mrna加工的非蛋白编码基因。人类基因组包含大约2000个snRNA基因;大多数是假基因,只有一小部分是功能性的。这些snrna经过广泛的转录后修饰,并与蛋白质和其他snrna一起形成小的核核糖核蛋白,它们是剪接体的组成部分。本综述讨论了12种snRNA基因的高影响变异,这些基因可导致常染色体显性或隐性遗传模式的孟德尔疾病。相关表型主要包括神经发育迟缓、发育异常和视网膜色素变性。根据先前对相应snrna的功能表征,提出了这些变异的假定后果。预计对孟德尔和复杂snrna特征的理解将增加诊断潜力,部分解释外显性,并提供更多的治疗选择。本综述讨论了12个小核RNA基因的高影响变异,这些基因导致孟德尔疾病,具有常染色体显性或隐性遗传模式,强调了生化后果和治疗意义。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of the 23andMe bankruptcy on preserving the public benefit of scientific data 23andMe破产对维护科学数据公共利益的影响
IF 29 1区 生物学 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-025-02423-8
Jonathan E. LoTempio Jr, Christopher R. Donohue, Jonathan D. Moreno, Ana Santos Rutschman, Joshua Sarnoff, Michael S. Sinha, Thomas Stoeger, Jorge L. Contreras
The bankruptcy of 23andMe was an inflection point for the direct-to-consumer genetics market. Although the privacy of consumer data has been highlighted by many as a concern, we discuss another key tension in this case: the corporate enclosure of scientific data that has considerable potential value for biomedical research and public health.
23andMe的破产是直接面向消费者的基因市场的一个转折点。尽管消费者数据的隐私已被许多人强调为一个问题,但我们在此讨论另一个关键的紧张关系:企业对科学数据的封闭,对生物医学研究和公共卫生具有相当大的潜在价值。
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引用次数: 0
ADAR1 editing is necessary for only a small subset of cytosolic dsRNAs to evade MDA5-mediated autoimmunity 只有一小部分胞质dsrna需要ADAR1编辑来逃避mda5介导的自身免疫。
IF 29 1区 生物学 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-025-02430-9
Tao Sun, Qin Li, Jonathan M. Geisinger, Shi-Bin Hu, Boming Fan, Shichen Su, Waitang Tsui, Hongchao Guo, Jinbiao Ma, Jin Billy Li
Endogenous long double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs), which are not edited by the RNA editing enzyme ADAR1, may activate the antiviral dsRNA receptor MDA5 to trigger interferon-mediated immune responses. Among the large number of endogenous long dsRNAs, the key substrates that activate MDA5—termed as immunogenic dsRNAs—remain largely unidentified. Here we reveal that human immunogenic dsRNAs constitute a surprisingly small fraction of all cellular dsRNAs. We found that these immunogenic dsRNAs were highly enriched in mRNAs and depleted of introns, consistent with their role as cytosolic MDA5 substrates. We validated the MDA5-dependent immunogenicity of these dsRNAs, which was dampened following ADAR1-mediated RNA editing. Notably, immunogenic dsRNAs were enriched at genetic susceptibility loci associated with common inflammatory diseases, implying their functional importance. We anticipate that a focused analysis of immunogenic dsRNAs will enhance our understanding and treatment of cancer and inflammatory diseases, where the roles of dsRNA editing and sensing are increasingly recognized. The authors show that only a small subset of cytosolic double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) requires ADAR1-mediated RNA editing to evade an MDA5-dependent immune response. These immunogenic dsRNAs are enriched in mRNAs and overlap with GWAS signals for common inflammatory diseases.
未被RNA编辑酶ADAR1编辑的内源性长双链RNA (dsRNAs)可能激活抗病毒dsRNA受体MDA5,从而触发干扰素介导的免疫反应。在大量的内源性长dsrna中,激活mda5的关键底物(称为免疫原性dsrna)在很大程度上仍未被确定。在这里,我们发现人类免疫原性dsRNAs在所有细胞dsRNAs中只占很小的一部分。我们发现这些免疫原性dsRNAs在mrna中高度富集,并且内含子缺失,这与它们作为细胞质MDA5底物的作用一致。我们验证了这些dsRNAs的mda5依赖性免疫原性,这些dsRNAs在adar1介导的RNA编辑后被抑制。值得注意的是,免疫原性dsRNAs在与常见炎症疾病相关的遗传易感位点富集,这意味着它们的功能重要性。我们预计,对免疫原性dsRNA的重点分析将增强我们对癌症和炎症性疾病的理解和治疗,其中dsRNA编辑和传感的作用越来越被认识到。
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引用次数: 0
Author Correction: Common-variant and rare-variant genetic architecture of heart failure across the allele-frequency spectrum 作者更正:跨等位基因频率谱的心力衰竭的常见变异和罕见变异遗传结构。
IF 29 1区 生物学 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-025-02464-z
David S. M. Lee, Kathleen M. Cardone, David Y. Zhang, Noah L. Tsao, Sarah Abramowitz, Pranav Sharma, John S. DePaolo, Mitchell Conery, Krishna G. Aragam, Kiran Biddinger, Ozan Dikilitas, Lily Hoffman-Andrews, Renae L. Judy, Atlas Khan, Iftikhar J. Kullo, Megan J. Puckelwartz, Nosheen Reza, Benjamin A. Satterfield, Pankhuri Singhal, Penn Medicine Biobank, Zoltan Arany, Thomas P. Cappola, Eric D. Carruth, Sharlene M. Day, Ron Do, Christopher M. Haggerty, Jacob Joseph, Elizabeth M. McNally, Girish Nadkarni, Anjali T. Owens, Daniel J. Rader, Marylyn D. Ritchie, Yan V. Sun, Benjamin F. Voight, Michael G. Levin, Scott M. Damrauer
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引用次数: 0
Passenger mutations link cellular origin and transcriptional identity in human lung adenocarcinomas 在人肺腺癌中,乘客突变将细胞起源和转录特性联系起来
IF 29 1区 生物学 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-025-02418-5
Sukanya Panja, Padmaja Mantri, Kofi Ennu Johnson, Juan Sebastian Andrade-Martinez, Soo-Ryum Yang, Aditya Deshpande, Huasong Tian, Shaham Beg, Kentaro Ohara, Alessandro Leal, Joel Rosiene, Marlon Stoeckius, Peter Smibert, William D. Travis, Juan Miguel Mosquera, Paz Polak, Marcin Imieliński
DNA damage is preferentially repaired in expressed genes; thus, genome-wide correlations between somatic mutation patterns and normal cell transcription may reflect tumor cell origins. Accordingly, we found that aggregate lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and squamous cancer (LUSC) somatic mutation density associated most strongly with distal (alveolar) and proximal (basal) lung cell-type-specific gene expression, respectively, consistent with presumed LUAD and LUSC cell origins. Analyzing individual genomes, 21% of LUADs bore mutational footprints of proximal airway origins, with 38% classified as ambiguous. Distal origin LUADs, enriched for KRAS and STK11 drivers, occurred mainly in smokers; proximal origin LUADs, enriched for EGFR drivers, were more common in never-smokers. Ambiguous origin LUADs showed APOBEC signatures and SMARCA4 alterations. TP53 mutant LUADs with non-distal cell origins preferentially exhibited non-distal transcriptional identity. Our study reveals a complex interplay between lineage and identity in LUAD evolution and offers a scalable strategy to infer tumor origins in human cancers. This study shows how the links between somatic passenger mutations in tumors and normal cell transcriptomes can be used to infer cell-of-origin in lung adenocarcinoma.
DNA损伤在表达基因中优先修复;因此,体细胞突变模式和正常细胞转录之间的全基因组相关性可能反映了肿瘤细胞的起源。因此,我们发现聚集性肺腺癌(LUAD)和鳞状癌(LUSC)体细胞突变密度分别与远端(肺泡)和近端(基底)肺细胞类型特异性基因表达密切相关,这与假设的LUAD和LUSC细胞起源一致。分析个体基因组,21%的luad具有近端气道起源的突变足迹,其中38%被归类为模糊。远端源luad主要发生在吸烟者中,富含KRAS和STK11驱动因子;近端起源luad富含EGFR驱动因子,在从不吸烟者中更为常见。起源不明确的luad显示APOBEC特征和SMARCA4改变。具有非远端细胞起源的TP53突变luad优先表现出非远端转录特性。我们的研究揭示了LUAD进化中谱系和身份之间复杂的相互作用,并提供了一种可扩展的策略来推断人类癌症的肿瘤起源。这项研究显示了肿瘤中体细胞乘客突变和正常细胞转录组之间的联系如何被用来推断肺腺癌的细胞起源。
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引用次数: 0
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Nature genetics
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