Pub Date : 2020-03-12DOI: 10.1177/1847980420905426
R. Trejo-Tzab, JA Aguilar-Jiménez, P. Quintana-Owen, A. Ávila-Ortega, M. Álvarez-Lemus, RA Medina-Esquivel
The main motivation of this work is to deposit two different metals (gold and silver) on titanium oxide nanoparticles surface in a one-step simple and fast physical process by applying a nitrogen plasma as the main source of nitrogen atoms to obtain nanostructured N-TiO2 − X /Au/Ag materials. The obtained nanomaterials were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Based on the characterization results, we found that gold and silver nanoparticles were uniformly loaded on the titanium oxide nanocomposite surface, showing a surface plasmon absorption band due to the loading of the metal nanoparticles over titania samples. The results of this work have shown that nitrogen plasma technique is a more feasible and simple alternative to obtain the N-TiO2 − X /Au/Ag nanocomposite. Moreover, this plasma technique could be used to impregnate with other kind of metals over the surface of diverse nanomaterials.
{"title":"One-step nitrogen plasma process for bimetallic impregnation to obtain N-TiO2−X /Au/Ag composite","authors":"R. Trejo-Tzab, JA Aguilar-Jiménez, P. Quintana-Owen, A. Ávila-Ortega, M. Álvarez-Lemus, RA Medina-Esquivel","doi":"10.1177/1847980420905426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1847980420905426","url":null,"abstract":"The main motivation of this work is to deposit two different metals (gold and silver) on titanium oxide nanoparticles surface in a one-step simple and fast physical process by applying a nitrogen plasma as the main source of nitrogen atoms to obtain nanostructured N-TiO2 − X /Au/Ag materials. The obtained nanomaterials were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Based on the characterization results, we found that gold and silver nanoparticles were uniformly loaded on the titanium oxide nanocomposite surface, showing a surface plasmon absorption band due to the loading of the metal nanoparticles over titania samples. The results of this work have shown that nitrogen plasma technique is a more feasible and simple alternative to obtain the N-TiO2 − X /Au/Ag nanocomposite. Moreover, this plasma technique could be used to impregnate with other kind of metals over the surface of diverse nanomaterials.","PeriodicalId":19018,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2020-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1847980420905426","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44162375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-18DOI: 10.1177/1847980419899759
T. Zhu, Weidong Jing, Xing Zhang, Wenjing Bian, Yiwei Han, Tongshen Liu, Yiming Hou, Zefu Ye
The nano-ceramic which is mesoporous silica material was applied to test the removal efficiency of gas-phase Hg0 using a fixed-bed reactor. The physical and chemical properties of nano-ceramic were investigated by various techniques such as BET surface area (BET), X-ray diffraction, fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM); then, the sample was tested for mercury adsorption under different conditions. The mercury adsorption tests shown that different Hg0 concentration, adsorption temperature, gas flow rate, and different gas components have significant effects on the mercury removal performance of nano-ceramic, and the adsorption removal rate of nano-ceramic can be 75.58% under the optimal experimental conditions. After fitting the experimental data to the adsorption model, it was found that the theoretical maximum mercury adsorption amount q max of nano-ceramic is 1.61 mg g−1 and there were physical and chemical adsorption at the same time. The adsorption kinetics fitting results shown that the adsorption process of nano-ceramic exhibits multi-segment characteristics of “transmembrane–diffusion–adsorption.”
{"title":"Gas-phase elemental mercury removal by nano-ceramic material","authors":"T. Zhu, Weidong Jing, Xing Zhang, Wenjing Bian, Yiwei Han, Tongshen Liu, Yiming Hou, Zefu Ye","doi":"10.1177/1847980419899759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1847980419899759","url":null,"abstract":"The nano-ceramic which is mesoporous silica material was applied to test the removal efficiency of gas-phase Hg0 using a fixed-bed reactor. The physical and chemical properties of nano-ceramic were investigated by various techniques such as BET surface area (BET), X-ray diffraction, fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM); then, the sample was tested for mercury adsorption under different conditions. The mercury adsorption tests shown that different Hg0 concentration, adsorption temperature, gas flow rate, and different gas components have significant effects on the mercury removal performance of nano-ceramic, and the adsorption removal rate of nano-ceramic can be 75.58% under the optimal experimental conditions. After fitting the experimental data to the adsorption model, it was found that the theoretical maximum mercury adsorption amount q max of nano-ceramic is 1.61 mg g−1 and there were physical and chemical adsorption at the same time. The adsorption kinetics fitting results shown that the adsorption process of nano-ceramic exhibits multi-segment characteristics of “transmembrane–diffusion–adsorption.”","PeriodicalId":19018,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2020-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1847980419899759","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65714662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-31DOI: 10.1177/1847980420902569
S. Postorino, D. Grassano, M. D’Alessandro, Andrea Pianetti, O. Pulci, M. Palummo
Thanks to the ultrahigh flexibility of 2D materials and to their extreme sensitivity to applied strain, there is currently a strong interest in studying and understanding how their electronic properties can be modulated by applying a uniform or nonuniform strain. In this work, using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we discuss how uniform biaxial strain affects the electronic properties, such as ionization potential, electron affinity, electronic gap, and work function, of different classes of 2D materials from X-enes to nitrides and transition metal dichalcogenides. The analysis of the states in terms of atomic orbitals allows to explain the observed trends and to highlight similarities and differences among the various materials. Moreover, the role of many-body effects on the predicted electronic properties is discussed in one of the studied systems. We show that the trends with strain, calculated at the GW level of approximation, are qualitatively similar to the DFT ones solely when there is no change in the character of the valence and conduction states near the gap.
{"title":"Strain-induced effects on the electronic properties of 2D materials","authors":"S. Postorino, D. Grassano, M. D’Alessandro, Andrea Pianetti, O. Pulci, M. Palummo","doi":"10.1177/1847980420902569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1847980420902569","url":null,"abstract":"Thanks to the ultrahigh flexibility of 2D materials and to their extreme sensitivity to applied strain, there is currently a strong interest in studying and understanding how their electronic properties can be modulated by applying a uniform or nonuniform strain. In this work, using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we discuss how uniform biaxial strain affects the electronic properties, such as ionization potential, electron affinity, electronic gap, and work function, of different classes of 2D materials from X-enes to nitrides and transition metal dichalcogenides. The analysis of the states in terms of atomic orbitals allows to explain the observed trends and to highlight similarities and differences among the various materials. Moreover, the role of many-body effects on the predicted electronic properties is discussed in one of the studied systems. We show that the trends with strain, calculated at the GW level of approximation, are qualitatively similar to the DFT ones solely when there is no change in the character of the valence and conduction states near the gap.","PeriodicalId":19018,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2020-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1847980420902569","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43885534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-23DOI: 10.1177/1847980419895741
S. Rafique, A. K. Kasi, J. Kasi, M. Bokhari, Zafar Shakoor, Leander Tapfer
Textile-based piezoelectric nanogenerator generates electrical energy from human motion. Here a novel type of textile-based piezoelectric nanogenerator is reported which is fabricated using the growth of silver-doped zinc oxide on carton fabric. Along with the optical and structural characterization of silver-doped zinc oxide nanorods, the electrical characterization was also performed for silver-doped zinc oxide piezoelectric nanogenerator. The silver-doped zinc oxide piezoelectric nanogenerator was found to generate three times greater power compared to undoped zinc oxide piezoelectric nanogenerator. By applying external mechanical force of 3 kgf and 31 MΩ of load resistance, the silver-doped zinc oxide piezoelectric nanogenerator generated an output power density of 1.45 mW cm−2. The effect of load resistance and load capacitor was determined and optimum values were calculated. The maximum output power was observed at a load resistance of 31 MΩ. The silver-doped zinc oxide piezoelectric nanogenerator was utilized to charge load capacitors and found that maximum energy could be stored at optimum load capacitance of 22 nF in 600 s (1800 cycles). This research may provide the opportunity to design high-output textile-based nanogenerators for practical applications like powering portable devices and sensors.
{"title":"Fabrication of silver-doped zinc oxide nanorods piezoelectric nanogenerator on cotton fabric to utilize and optimize the charging system","authors":"S. Rafique, A. K. Kasi, J. Kasi, M. Bokhari, Zafar Shakoor, Leander Tapfer","doi":"10.1177/1847980419895741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1847980419895741","url":null,"abstract":"Textile-based piezoelectric nanogenerator generates electrical energy from human motion. Here a novel type of textile-based piezoelectric nanogenerator is reported which is fabricated using the growth of silver-doped zinc oxide on carton fabric. Along with the optical and structural characterization of silver-doped zinc oxide nanorods, the electrical characterization was also performed for silver-doped zinc oxide piezoelectric nanogenerator. The silver-doped zinc oxide piezoelectric nanogenerator was found to generate three times greater power compared to undoped zinc oxide piezoelectric nanogenerator. By applying external mechanical force of 3 kgf and 31 MΩ of load resistance, the silver-doped zinc oxide piezoelectric nanogenerator generated an output power density of 1.45 mW cm−2. The effect of load resistance and load capacitor was determined and optimum values were calculated. The maximum output power was observed at a load resistance of 31 MΩ. The silver-doped zinc oxide piezoelectric nanogenerator was utilized to charge load capacitors and found that maximum energy could be stored at optimum load capacitance of 22 nF in 600 s (1800 cycles). This research may provide the opportunity to design high-output textile-based nanogenerators for practical applications like powering portable devices and sensors.","PeriodicalId":19018,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2020-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1847980419895741","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45630735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1177/1847980420964618
O. A. Alawi, H. Kamar, H. Mohammed, A. Mallah, O. A. Hussein
A covalent functionalization approach was utilized for the preparation of highly dispersed pentaethylene glycol-thermally treated graphene-water as the absorbing material inside a flat-plate solar collector. Four mass fractions of nanofluids were prepared (0.025, 0.05, 0.075, and 0.1 wt% pentaethylene glycol-thermally treated graphene-water). Graphene nanoparticles were characterized by energy dispersive X-ray analysis with a scanning electron microscope. Measurements of the thermophysical properties were subsequently carried out for the nanosuspensions. The raw investigation data were collected from an indoor flat-plate solar collector test setup. The experimental procedure included different sets of variables such as input temperatures of 303, 313, and 323 K; fluid mass flow rate of 0.00833, 0.01667, and 0.025 kg s−1; and heat flow density of 500, 750, and 1000 W m−2. The thermophysical tests of pentaethylene glycol-thermally treated graphene-water nanofluids showed a proportional increase against weight concentrations, while the specific heat power was reduced. The tests showed an increment in energy efficiency by increasing the fluid mass flow rate and heat input. By comparison, the thermal efficiency decreased with the increasing temperature of the fluid supply. Relative to the base fluid, the energy efficiency of pentaethylene glycol-thermally treated graphene/water-based flat-plate solar collector increased to 10.6%, 11%, and 13.1% at the three fluid mass flow rates. In conclusion, an exponential form was used to derive the thermal effectiveness of flat-plate solar collector based on the experimental data.
采用共价功能化方法制备了高度分散的五乙二醇热处理石墨烯水作为平板太阳能集热器内的吸收材料。制备了四种质量分数的纳米流体（0.025、0.05、0.075和0.1wt%的五乙二醇热处理的石墨烯水）。用扫描电子显微镜对石墨烯纳米粒子进行了能量色散X射线分析。随后对纳米悬浮液的热物理性质进行了测量。原始调查数据是从室内平板太阳能收集器测试装置中收集的。实验过程包括不同的变量集，例如输入温度为303、313和323K；流体质量流量分别为0.00833、0.01667和0.025 kg s−1；热流密度分别为500、750和1000 W m−2。五乙二醇热处理的石墨烯-水纳米流体的热物理测试显示，随着重量浓度的增加，比热功率呈比例增加，而比热功率降低。试验表明，通过增加流体质量流量和热输入，能源效率有所提高。相比之下，热效率随着流体供应温度的升高而降低。相对于基础流体，在三种流体质量流速下，五乙二醇热处理石墨烯/水性平板太阳能集热器的能效分别提高到10.6%、11%和13.1%。总之，基于实验数据，采用指数形式推导了平板太阳能集热器的热效率。
{"title":"Energy efficiency of a flat-plate solar collector using thermally treated graphene-based nanofluids: Experimental study","authors":"O. A. Alawi, H. Kamar, H. Mohammed, A. Mallah, O. A. Hussein","doi":"10.1177/1847980420964618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1847980420964618","url":null,"abstract":"A covalent functionalization approach was utilized for the preparation of highly dispersed pentaethylene glycol-thermally treated graphene-water as the absorbing material inside a flat-plate solar collector. Four mass fractions of nanofluids were prepared (0.025, 0.05, 0.075, and 0.1 wt% pentaethylene glycol-thermally treated graphene-water). Graphene nanoparticles were characterized by energy dispersive X-ray analysis with a scanning electron microscope. Measurements of the thermophysical properties were subsequently carried out for the nanosuspensions. The raw investigation data were collected from an indoor flat-plate solar collector test setup. The experimental procedure included different sets of variables such as input temperatures of 303, 313, and 323 K; fluid mass flow rate of 0.00833, 0.01667, and 0.025 kg s−1; and heat flow density of 500, 750, and 1000 W m−2. The thermophysical tests of pentaethylene glycol-thermally treated graphene-water nanofluids showed a proportional increase against weight concentrations, while the specific heat power was reduced. The tests showed an increment in energy efficiency by increasing the fluid mass flow rate and heat input. By comparison, the thermal efficiency decreased with the increasing temperature of the fluid supply. Relative to the base fluid, the energy efficiency of pentaethylene glycol-thermally treated graphene/water-based flat-plate solar collector increased to 10.6%, 11%, and 13.1% at the three fluid mass flow rates. In conclusion, an exponential form was used to derive the thermal effectiveness of flat-plate solar collector based on the experimental data.","PeriodicalId":19018,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1847980420964618","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46267062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work aimed at exploring a new kind of purification catalysts for fuel ethanol engine exhaust. Platinum loaded on Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 was prepared by impregnation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, Brunner–Emmet–Teller measurements (BET), temperature-programmed reduction of hydrogen, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray photoelectron spectra. The three-way catalyst platinum/ceria–zirconia/fw is prepared with the paste ball mill coating technique. And the catalytic performance is evaluated under simulated fuel ethanol engine exhaust gas condition. The catalysts not only show excellent low-temperature performances and several-way catalytic activities for carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, and acetaldehyde but also have better high-temperature resistance. The addition of sulfur dioxide to feedstream degrades the performances of the catalysts.
{"title":"Purification of fuel ethanol engine exhaust with platinum-loaded Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 catalyst","authors":"Fei Zhao, Chunyu Wang, Xianjing Liu, Qingyue Luo, Ling Zhu","doi":"10.1177/1847980419886673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1847980419886673","url":null,"abstract":"This work aimed at exploring a new kind of purification catalysts for fuel ethanol engine exhaust. Platinum loaded on Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 was prepared by impregnation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, Brunner–Emmet–Teller measurements (BET), temperature-programmed reduction of hydrogen, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray photoelectron spectra. The three-way catalyst platinum/ceria–zirconia/fw is prepared with the paste ball mill coating technique. And the catalytic performance is evaluated under simulated fuel ethanol engine exhaust gas condition. The catalysts not only show excellent low-temperature performances and several-way catalytic activities for carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, and acetaldehyde but also have better high-temperature resistance. The addition of sulfur dioxide to feedstream degrades the performances of the catalysts.","PeriodicalId":19018,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2019-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1847980419886673","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43351212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-11DOI: 10.1177/1847980419886173
R. Crane, D. Sapsford
The influence of different parameters (solid–liquid ratio, initial pH, initial Cu concentration and anion type) on the cementation of aqueous copper (Cu) with nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) has been studied. The work has been established to study both the influence such parameters have on the kinetics and efficacy of the cementation process but also the physicochemical composition of resultant Cu-bearing products. The nZVI exhibited high Cu removal capacity (maximum removal 905.2 mg/g) due to its high surface area. X-ray diffraction determined the most common Cu-bearing precipitates were Cu2O, CuCl2 and Cu2(OH)3Cl for solutions containing Cl− counterions (CuCl2 salt precursor), while Cu0 and Cu2O were the most common phases for those containing SO 4 2 − counterions (CuSO4 salt precursor). Transmission electron microscopy determined such precipitates were discrete nanoparticles of relatively high purity Cu (e.g. >80 wt% Cu or ≥99.9 wt% Cu and O). Overall the results demonstrate nZVI as effective for the one-pot transformation of aqueous Cu into a range of different high purity Cu-bearing nanoparticles. The methodology developed herein is therefore likely to have important application in the recovery of Cu from wastewater and process solutions where the direct upcycling to high-value Cu-bearing nanoparticles is an advantageous form in which to recover Cu.
{"title":"Tunable formation of copper metal, oxide, chloride and hydroxyl chloride nanoparticles from aqueous copper solutions using nanoscale zerovalent iron particles","authors":"R. Crane, D. Sapsford","doi":"10.1177/1847980419886173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1847980419886173","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of different parameters (solid–liquid ratio, initial pH, initial Cu concentration and anion type) on the cementation of aqueous copper (Cu) with nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) has been studied. The work has been established to study both the influence such parameters have on the kinetics and efficacy of the cementation process but also the physicochemical composition of resultant Cu-bearing products. The nZVI exhibited high Cu removal capacity (maximum removal 905.2 mg/g) due to its high surface area. X-ray diffraction determined the most common Cu-bearing precipitates were Cu2O, CuCl2 and Cu2(OH)3Cl for solutions containing Cl− counterions (CuCl2 salt precursor), while Cu0 and Cu2O were the most common phases for those containing SO 4 2 − counterions (CuSO4 salt precursor). Transmission electron microscopy determined such precipitates were discrete nanoparticles of relatively high purity Cu (e.g. >80 wt% Cu or ≥99.9 wt% Cu and O). Overall the results demonstrate nZVI as effective for the one-pot transformation of aqueous Cu into a range of different high purity Cu-bearing nanoparticles. The methodology developed herein is therefore likely to have important application in the recovery of Cu from wastewater and process solutions where the direct upcycling to high-value Cu-bearing nanoparticles is an advantageous form in which to recover Cu.","PeriodicalId":19018,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1847980419886173","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48560152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-11DOI: 10.1177/1847980419857373
T. Tao, Guangyao Li, Yanli He, Xiufang Yang
A 3-D magnetic graphene ball (MGB) material was prepared using cellulose as the carbon source. Carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles (CEINs) were first prepared by hydrothermal carbonization of cellulose powder at 180°C. Then, the prepared CEINs were catalytically graphitized to graphene-encapsulated iron nanoparticles (GEINs) at 900°C. Finally, GEINs were treated in carbon dioxide at 700°C, during which the iron core was oxidized to magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles, and graphene shells were peeled off from the iron cores to form graphene nanoplatelets. The graphene nanoplatelets consist of 1–10 layers graphene with the in-plane size of 20–30 nm. The prepared 3-D MGB was investigated for the removal of oil from water, which demonstrated outstanding adsorption performance and excellent recyclability.
{"title":"3-D magnetic graphene balls as sorbents for cleaning oil spills","authors":"T. Tao, Guangyao Li, Yanli He, Xiufang Yang","doi":"10.1177/1847980419857373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1847980419857373","url":null,"abstract":"A 3-D magnetic graphene ball (MGB) material was prepared using cellulose as the carbon source. Carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles (CEINs) were first prepared by hydrothermal carbonization of cellulose powder at 180°C. Then, the prepared CEINs were catalytically graphitized to graphene-encapsulated iron nanoparticles (GEINs) at 900°C. Finally, GEINs were treated in carbon dioxide at 700°C, during which the iron core was oxidized to magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles, and graphene shells were peeled off from the iron cores to form graphene nanoplatelets. The graphene nanoplatelets consist of 1–10 layers graphene with the in-plane size of 20–30 nm. The prepared 3-D MGB was investigated for the removal of oil from water, which demonstrated outstanding adsorption performance and excellent recyclability.","PeriodicalId":19018,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1847980419857373","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42504871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-30DOI: 10.1177/1847980419852551
J. Adnan, M. Arfan, T. Shahid, Mz Khan, R. Masab, Ah Ramish, S. Ahtasham, AG Wattoo, M. Hashim, A. Zahoor, MF Nasir
Polycrystalline cadmium hydroxide nanomaterials have successfully been synthesized by composite-hydroxide-mediated approach with growth time variation. The influence of growth time on structural, morphological, elemental, and optical properties was explored using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction results revealed the hexagonal and monoclinic phases of cadmium hydroxide along with rhombohedral impurity phase of cadmium carbonate. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy further endorsed the X-ray diffraction results and confirmed the Cd–O bonding vibrations. Time-dependent uniform distribution of spherical morphology was observed in the scanning electron micrographs of the product. The presence of cadmium and oxygen in the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy results fingerprinted the purity and formation of the desired nanomaterials. Crystallite size was decreased with the increase of growth time as estimated by the Debye–Scherrer method. Furthermore, the optical bandgap was measured by Tauc’s relation using ultraviolet–visible absorption spectra and found to be in the range of 3.2–3.5 eV.
{"title":"Synthesis of cadmium hydroxide nanostructure via composite-hydroxide-mediated approach","authors":"J. Adnan, M. Arfan, T. Shahid, Mz Khan, R. Masab, Ah Ramish, S. Ahtasham, AG Wattoo, M. Hashim, A. Zahoor, MF Nasir","doi":"10.1177/1847980419852551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1847980419852551","url":null,"abstract":"Polycrystalline cadmium hydroxide nanomaterials have successfully been synthesized by composite-hydroxide-mediated approach with growth time variation. The influence of growth time on structural, morphological, elemental, and optical properties was explored using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction results revealed the hexagonal and monoclinic phases of cadmium hydroxide along with rhombohedral impurity phase of cadmium carbonate. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy further endorsed the X-ray diffraction results and confirmed the Cd–O bonding vibrations. Time-dependent uniform distribution of spherical morphology was observed in the scanning electron micrographs of the product. The presence of cadmium and oxygen in the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy results fingerprinted the purity and formation of the desired nanomaterials. Crystallite size was decreased with the increase of growth time as estimated by the Debye–Scherrer method. Furthermore, the optical bandgap was measured by Tauc’s relation using ultraviolet–visible absorption spectra and found to be in the range of 3.2–3.5 eV.","PeriodicalId":19018,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1847980419852551","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44839347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-22DOI: 10.1177/1847980419849984
A. Dorigato, L. Govaert, A. Pegoretti
In this work, the effect of fumed silica on the long-term resistance of high-density polyethylene was investigated. Different amounts of functionalized fumed silica nanoparticles were dispersed in a high-density polyethylene matrix by melt compounding, and compression molded specimens were tested under tensile mode in the quasi-static ramp and creep conditions. In particular, tensile tests at different speeds and temperatures and the subsequent application of the modified Ree–Eyring model allowed the determination of an analytical expression correlating the strain rate with the yield stress and the testing temperature. It was demonstrated that the introduction of fumed silica led to a significant drop in the deformation rate, especially at elevated filler amounts. Creep tests showed that the nanofiller addition led to a progressive reduction of the critical deformation values. The application of this engineering approach evidenced how nanosilica introduction led to a systematic increase of the time-to-failure values, and good accordance between theoretical prediction and experimental measurements was found.
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