Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1177/1934578x241261016
Nehal A.H.K Osman, Mohamed S. Nafie, Hee-Kyoung Kang, Jin Won Hyun, Young-Sang Koh
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical and mineral compositions, antimicrobial activities, and molecular docking of 3 abundant and understudied seaweeds ( Cystoseira trinodis, Padina boryana, and Turbinaria triquetra). Methods: Extraction was performed using absolute ethanol, and chemical and mineral compositions were determined using the standard methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Total phenolics and flavonoids were assessed using the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride methods, respectively. Chemical composition was screened using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and antimicrobial activity was evaluated using a disc diffusion assay. In addition, molecular docking analysis of the main compounds was performed. Results: The samples had high ash, carbohydrate, and fiber contents. The results showed high amount of Na, K, Mg, Ca, and Fe, with the highest values for Ca. Trace elements such as Cu, Mn, and Zn were found in low amounts in the studied species. The content of total phenolics ranged from 15.54 ± 0.1 to 39.5 ± 0.2 mg gallic acid equivalent/g. For flavonoid, it ranged from 3.4 ± 0.3 to 1.5 ± 0.2 mg rutin/g. GC-MS revealed 9 major compounds, mainly fatty acids, which have been reported to have antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial results indicated a higher impact of the extracts against bacteria ( Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Proteus vulgaris) than against fungi ( Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus), and a stronger dose-dependent effect against gram-positive ( B. subtilis and S. aureus) bacteria than against gram-negative bacteria ( E. coli and P. vulgaris). Molecular docking identified 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester as the highest binding compound for penicillin-binding protein 6, suggesting its potential antimicrobial activity. Conclusion: These findings suggest that these seaweed species could serve as promising sources of functional foods with antimicrobial properties, with potential applications in the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical fields.
{"title":"Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial Activity, and Molecular Docking of the Main Phytoconstituents from Three Rarely Investigated Marine Macroalgae","authors":"Nehal A.H.K Osman, Mohamed S. Nafie, Hee-Kyoung Kang, Jin Won Hyun, Young-Sang Koh","doi":"10.1177/1934578x241261016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x241261016","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical and mineral compositions, antimicrobial activities, and molecular docking of 3 abundant and understudied seaweeds ( Cystoseira trinodis, Padina boryana, and Turbinaria triquetra). Methods: Extraction was performed using absolute ethanol, and chemical and mineral compositions were determined using the standard methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Total phenolics and flavonoids were assessed using the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride methods, respectively. Chemical composition was screened using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and antimicrobial activity was evaluated using a disc diffusion assay. In addition, molecular docking analysis of the main compounds was performed. Results: The samples had high ash, carbohydrate, and fiber contents. The results showed high amount of Na, K, Mg, Ca, and Fe, with the highest values for Ca. Trace elements such as Cu, Mn, and Zn were found in low amounts in the studied species. The content of total phenolics ranged from 15.54 ± 0.1 to 39.5 ± 0.2 mg gallic acid equivalent/g. For flavonoid, it ranged from 3.4 ± 0.3 to 1.5 ± 0.2 mg rutin/g. GC-MS revealed 9 major compounds, mainly fatty acids, which have been reported to have antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial results indicated a higher impact of the extracts against bacteria ( Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Proteus vulgaris) than against fungi ( Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus), and a stronger dose-dependent effect against gram-positive ( B. subtilis and S. aureus) bacteria than against gram-negative bacteria ( E. coli and P. vulgaris). Molecular docking identified 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester as the highest binding compound for penicillin-binding protein 6, suggesting its potential antimicrobial activity. Conclusion: These findings suggest that these seaweed species could serve as promising sources of functional foods with antimicrobial properties, with potential applications in the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical fields.","PeriodicalId":19019,"journal":{"name":"Natural Product Communications","volume":"245 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141778367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1177/1934578x241261020
Hui Yu, Zhangjun Chen, Huixia Chen, Zhanli Wang
Aim: To investigate the therapeutic effects of Dracocephalum moldavica L. extract (DME) against hypertension and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism. Method: A two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) model was established in male Wistar rats, and DME or saline was administered via oral gavage for 4 weeks. Subsequently, the blood pressure was monitored. Fecal microRNAs (miRNAs), gut microbes, and host metabolites were evaluated through miRNA sequencing, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and serum metabolomics analysis, respectively. Results: DME administration attenuated 2K1C-induced hypertension in rats. Additionally, DME alleviated the dysregulation of miRNA expression and gut microbiota dysbiosis in 2K1C rats. The correlation analysis confirmed the association of the differentially expressed miRNAs with gut microbes. Furthermore, non-targeted metabolomics analysis revealed different metabolic profiles in the serum of 2K1C rats compared to control rats. Interestingly, the changes in those serum metabolites were partially attenuated by DME. The metabolite enrichment analysis demonstrated that the differentially expressed metabolites were mainly involved in three metabolic pathways (Arachidonic acid metabolism, TCA cycle, and Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism). Conclusion: DME can be suggested as an effective intervention in the prevention of hypertension through modulating the miRNAs, gut microbiota, and host metabolites. Our findings may give new insights regarding the treatment of hypertension.
{"title":"Dracocephalum moldavica L. Extract Ameliorates Hypertension Through Modulating the Interaction Between miRNAs and Gut Microbiota in 2K1C Rats","authors":"Hui Yu, Zhangjun Chen, Huixia Chen, Zhanli Wang","doi":"10.1177/1934578x241261020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x241261020","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To investigate the therapeutic effects of Dracocephalum moldavica L. extract (DME) against hypertension and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism. Method: A two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) model was established in male Wistar rats, and DME or saline was administered via oral gavage for 4 weeks. Subsequently, the blood pressure was monitored. Fecal microRNAs (miRNAs), gut microbes, and host metabolites were evaluated through miRNA sequencing, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and serum metabolomics analysis, respectively. Results: DME administration attenuated 2K1C-induced hypertension in rats. Additionally, DME alleviated the dysregulation of miRNA expression and gut microbiota dysbiosis in 2K1C rats. The correlation analysis confirmed the association of the differentially expressed miRNAs with gut microbes. Furthermore, non-targeted metabolomics analysis revealed different metabolic profiles in the serum of 2K1C rats compared to control rats. Interestingly, the changes in those serum metabolites were partially attenuated by DME. The metabolite enrichment analysis demonstrated that the differentially expressed metabolites were mainly involved in three metabolic pathways (Arachidonic acid metabolism, TCA cycle, and Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism). Conclusion: DME can be suggested as an effective intervention in the prevention of hypertension through modulating the miRNAs, gut microbiota, and host metabolites. Our findings may give new insights regarding the treatment of hypertension.","PeriodicalId":19019,"journal":{"name":"Natural Product Communications","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141778606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BackgroundCarica papaya L. is a dioecious plant with leaves known for their medicinal and nutritional value due to their rich phytochemical content, including flavonoids. Phytochemical variability arising from plant maturity and sex differences may influence the bioactivity of the plant.ObjectivesThis research aims to investigate the variations of flavonoids in C. papaya leaves across different maturation stages and the impact of sex differences on the accumulation of these compounds.MethodsAn ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to quantify 6 flavonoids (manghaslin, clitorin, rutin, nicotiflorin, quercetin, and isorhamnetin) in the leaves simultaneously. The acquired data were further analyzed using chemometric tools.ResultsSignificantly higher concentrations of flavonoids were observed in shoots and young leaves in comparison to older leaves. Furthermore, distinct variations in flavonoid composition between male and female plants were also observed, especially in young leaves, as evidenced by hierarchical clustering analysis. Further analysis of flavonoid content indicates that clitorin, nicotiflorin, and rutin could serve as chemical markers to differentiate maturation stages and sexes.ConclusionThe study revealed significant variations in flavonoid concentrations during leaf development and between male and female plants, highlighting the importance of understanding these differences for unlocking the full potential of C. papaya leaves in medical and nutritional applications.
{"title":"Flavonoid Variability in Carica papaya L. var. Sekaki Leaf Maturation and Its Association With Sexual Differentiation Using Targeted Metabolomics","authors":"Norazlan Mohmad Misnan, Adlin Afzan, Maizatul Hasyima Omar, Kah Hin Low","doi":"10.1177/1934578x241260175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x241260175","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundCarica papaya L. is a dioecious plant with leaves known for their medicinal and nutritional value due to their rich phytochemical content, including flavonoids. Phytochemical variability arising from plant maturity and sex differences may influence the bioactivity of the plant.ObjectivesThis research aims to investigate the variations of flavonoids in C. papaya leaves across different maturation stages and the impact of sex differences on the accumulation of these compounds.MethodsAn ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to quantify 6 flavonoids (manghaslin, clitorin, rutin, nicotiflorin, quercetin, and isorhamnetin) in the leaves simultaneously. The acquired data were further analyzed using chemometric tools.ResultsSignificantly higher concentrations of flavonoids were observed in shoots and young leaves in comparison to older leaves. Furthermore, distinct variations in flavonoid composition between male and female plants were also observed, especially in young leaves, as evidenced by hierarchical clustering analysis. Further analysis of flavonoid content indicates that clitorin, nicotiflorin, and rutin could serve as chemical markers to differentiate maturation stages and sexes.ConclusionThe study revealed significant variations in flavonoid concentrations during leaf development and between male and female plants, highlighting the importance of understanding these differences for unlocking the full potential of C. papaya leaves in medical and nutritional applications.","PeriodicalId":19019,"journal":{"name":"Natural Product Communications","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141778365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1177/1934578x241264624
Snežana Č. Jevtović, Jelena P. Stojković, Zorica S. Mitić, Marjan S. Niketić, Gordana S. Stojanović
BackgroundGenus Achillea L., one of the largest and the most taxonomically complicated genera of the Asteraceae family, has a complex phyletic structure due to excessive hybridization and polyploidy, which especially occurs among species from the Achillea section. Although the genus has been investigated in detail, a hybrid Achillea ×vandasii Velen has not been studied for volatile profiles. Thus, this study aimed to analyze and compare headspace volatiles (HSVs) from rosette leaf, stem leaf, stem, and inflorescence as well as essential oil (EO) of plant aerial parts.MethodsThe chemical composition of the headspace volatiles and essential oil of a hybrid Achillea ×vandasii Velen. were analyzed by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).ResultsThe distribution among HSVs depends on the plant organ investigated. Generally, monoterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpenes were dominant in all headspace samples, primarily 1,8-cineole followed by α-pinene and β-pinene. Sesquiterpenoids were absent or presented in a low percentage. Unlike HSVs, the EO was abundant in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and their oxygenated derivates. Among all, caryophyllene oxide, α-cadinol, and germacrene D were dominant in the studied essential oil.ConclusionsThe results showed that the qualitative and quantitative composition of studied headspace volatiles and essential oil differ significantly in terms of terpene content. Considering the hybrid origin of the studied taxon and obtained volatile profiles, the tested hybrid shows no or very weak agreement with the parental species.
{"title":"The Chemical Composition of Essential Oil and Headspace Volatiles of Balkan Endemic Taxon Achillea ×vandasii Velen","authors":"Snežana Č. Jevtović, Jelena P. Stojković, Zorica S. Mitić, Marjan S. Niketić, Gordana S. Stojanović","doi":"10.1177/1934578x241264624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x241264624","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundGenus Achillea L., one of the largest and the most taxonomically complicated genera of the Asteraceae family, has a complex phyletic structure due to excessive hybridization and polyploidy, which especially occurs among species from the Achillea section. Although the genus has been investigated in detail, a hybrid Achillea ×vandasii Velen has not been studied for volatile profiles. Thus, this study aimed to analyze and compare headspace volatiles (HSVs) from rosette leaf, stem leaf, stem, and inflorescence as well as essential oil (EO) of plant aerial parts.MethodsThe chemical composition of the headspace volatiles and essential oil of a hybrid Achillea ×vandasii Velen. were analyzed by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).ResultsThe distribution among HSVs depends on the plant organ investigated. Generally, monoterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpenes were dominant in all headspace samples, primarily 1,8-cineole followed by α-pinene and β-pinene. Sesquiterpenoids were absent or presented in a low percentage. Unlike HSVs, the EO was abundant in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and their oxygenated derivates. Among all, caryophyllene oxide, α-cadinol, and germacrene D were dominant in the studied essential oil.ConclusionsThe results showed that the qualitative and quantitative composition of studied headspace volatiles and essential oil differ significantly in terms of terpene content. Considering the hybrid origin of the studied taxon and obtained volatile profiles, the tested hybrid shows no or very weak agreement with the parental species.","PeriodicalId":19019,"journal":{"name":"Natural Product Communications","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141778604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1177/1934578x241264712
Olja Šovljanski, Milica Aćimović, Vladimir Sikora, Anamarija Koren, Anja Saveljić, Ana Tomić, Vele Tešević
ObjectivesThe present study focused on exploring the chemical composition of essential oil and corresponding hydrolate obtained by steam distillation of industrial hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) cultivar “Helena” (low THC content).MethodsChemical characterization of industrial hemp essential oil and hydrolate was performed by gas chromatographic and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis, while biological activities included antimicrobial and antioxidant tests. Antimicrobial activity was determined by measuring diameters of the inhibition zone by using a disc-diffusion method with nine microbial strains from ATCC culture. Moreover, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) as well as time-kill kinetic studies, antiadhesion, and antibiofilm formation potential were also evaluated. Antioxidant activity was evaluated through three different antioxidant assays: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH●), 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS●+), and reducing power (RP).ResultsThe gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis showed that the main compound in the essential oil was trans-caryophyllene (37.4%), followed by caryophyllene oxide (12.4%) and α-humulene (11.0%), while in the hydrolate it was 1,8-cineole (11.5%). Results showed that industrial hemp essential oil and hydrolate exhibited no antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, and fungi, while gram-positive bacteria were sensitive. Therefore, in the following step, MIC was determined by microdilution method. The lowest MIC for essential oil (12.5%) was obtained for Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus, while this value doubled for Listeria monocytogenes. Conversely, the MIC for hydrolate was 100% for all gram-positive bacteria. Antioxidant activity showed that industrial hemp essential oil and hydrolate have potential as natural sources of antioxidants.ConclusionThis research confirmed the previously proven antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of industrial hemp essential oil. The novelty lies in the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of hydrolate, which is practically waste, but has great potential to be a useful by-product.
本研究的重点是探索工业大麻（Cannabis sativa L.）栽培品种 "Helena"（四氢大麻酚含量低）通过水蒸气蒸馏法获得的精油和相应的水合产物的化学成分。方法通过气相色谱和气相色谱-质谱分析法对工业大麻精油和水合产物进行化学表征，生物活性包括抗菌和抗氧化测试。抗菌活性的测定是通过使用盘扩散法测量九种来自 ATCC 培养物的微生物菌株的抑菌区直径。此外，还对最小抑菌浓度（MIC）、时间致死动力学研究、抗粘附性和抗生菌膜形成潜力进行了评估。抗氧化活性通过三种不同的抗氧化检测方法进行评估：2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH●）、2,2′-偶氮二异-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸（ABTS●+）和还原力（RP）。结果气相色谱质谱分析表明，精油中的主要化合物是反式叶绿素（37.4%），其次是氧化叶绿素（12.4%）和α-胡麻烯（11.0%），而水解产物中的主要化合物是 1,8-蒎烯（11.5%）。结果表明，工业大麻精油和水合酯对革兰氏阴性菌、酵母菌和真菌没有抗菌活性，而对革兰氏阳性菌敏感。因此，下一步采用微量稀释法测定 MIC。粪肠球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌对精油的 MIC 最低（12.5%），而对单核细胞增生李斯特菌的 MIC 值则增加了一倍。相反，水合酯对所有革兰氏阳性菌的 MIC 值为 100%。抗氧化活性表明，工业大麻精油和水合酸盐具有作为天然抗氧化剂来源的潜力。新颖之处在于水合酸盐的抗菌和抗氧化活性，水合酸盐实际上是一种废物，但具有成为有用副产品的巨大潜力。
{"title":"Exploring (Un)Covered Potentials of Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Essential Oil and Hydrolate: From Chemical Characterization to Biological Activities","authors":"Olja Šovljanski, Milica Aćimović, Vladimir Sikora, Anamarija Koren, Anja Saveljić, Ana Tomić, Vele Tešević","doi":"10.1177/1934578x241264712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x241264712","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectivesThe present study focused on exploring the chemical composition of essential oil and corresponding hydrolate obtained by steam distillation of industrial hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) cultivar “Helena” (low THC content).MethodsChemical characterization of industrial hemp essential oil and hydrolate was performed by gas chromatographic and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis, while biological activities included antimicrobial and antioxidant tests. Antimicrobial activity was determined by measuring diameters of the inhibition zone by using a disc-diffusion method with nine microbial strains from ATCC culture. Moreover, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) as well as time-kill kinetic studies, antiadhesion, and antibiofilm formation potential were also evaluated. Antioxidant activity was evaluated through three different antioxidant assays: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH<jats:sup>●</jats:sup>), 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS<jats:sup>●+</jats:sup>), and reducing power (RP).ResultsThe gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis showed that the main compound in the essential oil was trans-caryophyllene (37.4%), followed by caryophyllene oxide (12.4%) and α-humulene (11.0%), while in the hydrolate it was 1,8-cineole (11.5%). Results showed that industrial hemp essential oil and hydrolate exhibited no antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, and fungi, while gram-positive bacteria were sensitive. Therefore, in the following step, MIC was determined by microdilution method. The lowest MIC for essential oil (12.5%) was obtained for Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus, while this value doubled for Listeria monocytogenes. Conversely, the MIC for hydrolate was 100% for all gram-positive bacteria. Antioxidant activity showed that industrial hemp essential oil and hydrolate have potential as natural sources of antioxidants.ConclusionThis research confirmed the previously proven antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of industrial hemp essential oil. The novelty lies in the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of hydrolate, which is practically waste, but has great potential to be a useful by-product.","PeriodicalId":19019,"journal":{"name":"Natural Product Communications","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141778602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1177/1934578x241262896
Tran Van Chen, Nguyen Trong Nghia, Nguyen Thi Thu Hien
Background/ObjectivePlant-based products and their isolated compounds have been utilized in traditional medicine since early times. In folk medicine, Stixis suaveolens (Roxb.) Pierre has been used to treat painful tendons and bones, rheumatism, eye infections, cough, malaria, asthma, and cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to summarize up-to-date botany, ethnomedicine, phytochemical components, pharmacological effects, and toxicology.MethodsInformation on S. suaveolens was collected from databases such as the Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Springer, and others.ResultsS. suaveolens has been demonstrated to possess various pharmacological effects, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antidepressant, antidiarrheal, hepatoprotective, analgesic, antihemolytic, and thrombolytic activities. Phytochemical studies of this species have revealed the presence of secondary metabolites, including lignans, phenolics, alkaloids, and volatile components.ConclusionThe pharmacological effects of the extracts and bioactive compounds resulting from the experimental studies in the review support the traditional uses of S. suaveolens. They could be useful in developing novel pharmacological applications in the treatment of various acute and chronic human ailments. The efficacy, safety, and toxicity of S. suaveolens plant in enhancing therapeutic efficacy should be investigated widely in further studies.
背景/目的植物类产品及其分离化合物很早就被用于传统医药中。在民间医药中，皮埃尔（Stixis suaveolens (Roxb.) Pierre）被用于治疗筋骨疼痛、风湿、眼部感染、咳嗽、疟疾、哮喘和心血管疾病。本研究旨在总结最新的植物学、民族医药学、植物化学成分、药理作用和毒理学。方法从 Web of Science、Scopus、Google Scholar、PubMed、Science Direct、Springer 等数据库中收集有关 S. suaveolens 的信息。结果已证明蛇床子具有多种药理作用，包括抗氧化、抗菌、抗炎、抗糖尿病、抗抑郁、止泻、保肝、镇痛、抗溶血和溶栓活性。对该物种进行的植物化学研究表明，其存在次生代谢物，包括木脂素、酚类、生物碱和挥发性成分。它们可用于开发治疗人类各种急慢性疾病的新型药理应用。应在进一步的研究中广泛调查 S. suaveolens 植物在提高疗效方面的功效、安全性和毒性。
{"title":"Recent Development of a Traditional Herbal Medicine, Stixis suaveolens (Roxb.) Pierre: Its Botany, Ethnomedicine, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology","authors":"Tran Van Chen, Nguyen Trong Nghia, Nguyen Thi Thu Hien","doi":"10.1177/1934578x241262896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x241262896","url":null,"abstract":"Background/ObjectivePlant-based products and their isolated compounds have been utilized in traditional medicine since early times. In folk medicine, Stixis suaveolens (Roxb.) Pierre has been used to treat painful tendons and bones, rheumatism, eye infections, cough, malaria, asthma, and cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to summarize up-to-date botany, ethnomedicine, phytochemical components, pharmacological effects, and toxicology.MethodsInformation on S. suaveolens was collected from databases such as the Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Springer, and others.ResultsS. suaveolens has been demonstrated to possess various pharmacological effects, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antidepressant, antidiarrheal, hepatoprotective, analgesic, antihemolytic, and thrombolytic activities. Phytochemical studies of this species have revealed the presence of secondary metabolites, including lignans, phenolics, alkaloids, and volatile components.ConclusionThe pharmacological effects of the extracts and bioactive compounds resulting from the experimental studies in the review support the traditional uses of S. suaveolens. They could be useful in developing novel pharmacological applications in the treatment of various acute and chronic human ailments. The efficacy, safety, and toxicity of S. suaveolens plant in enhancing therapeutic efficacy should be investigated widely in further studies.","PeriodicalId":19019,"journal":{"name":"Natural Product Communications","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141778611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Human health has continued to be at risk from lead exposure. This study explored the antioxidative potential of ethanol extract of ripe Musa sapientum peels to protect against lead acetate-induced neuronal insult in female wistar rats. Methods: Thirty adult female rats (120-160 g) were randomly divided into six groups (n = 5): Group 1 (control group) received 10 mL/kg of distilled water; Group 2 received 100 mg/kg lead acetate. Group 3 received 2.5 mg/kg of donepezil. Groups 4 to 6 received 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg ethanol extract of ripe M sapientum, respectively, via oral gavage. Groups 2 to 5 were co-treated with 100 mg/kg lead acetate for 21 days. Neurobehavioral parameter, biochemical and histological analyses of the hippocampus were determined. Recognition memory was evaluated using Novel Object Recognition Test. Results: There was a significant ( p < 0.05) increase in total exploration, discrimination index, and percentage alternation in the ethanol extract M sapientum-treated groups compared with the lead acetate-induced group. M sapientum ethanol extract and dopamine significantly ( p < 0.05) reduced acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) and malondialdehyde (MDA) activities in a dose-dependent manner and significantly ( p < 0.05) increased superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) dose dependently, respectively. In the histopathological analysis of the hippocampal area, there were mild vacuolation (V), mild degeneration as well as mild granular cell atrophy in the treated groups, suggesting that M sapientum may have neuroprotective properties. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of ripe M sapientum peels enhanced cognitive functions and may be beneficial in preventing neurodegenerative disorders via antioxidant mechanism.
{"title":"Ripe Musa sapientum Peels Exhibit Neuroprotection Against Lead Acetate-Induced Brain Damage in Wistar Rats","authors":"Uduak Anthony Inwang, Ezekiel Etim Ben, Obinna Onwe Uchewa, Ekementeabasi Aniebo Umoh, Azubuike Raphael Nwaji","doi":"10.1177/1934578x241265192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x241265192","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Human health has continued to be at risk from lead exposure. This study explored the antioxidative potential of ethanol extract of ripe Musa sapientum peels to protect against lead acetate-induced neuronal insult in female wistar rats. Methods: Thirty adult female rats (120-160 g) were randomly divided into six groups (n = 5): Group 1 (control group) received 10 mL/kg of distilled water; Group 2 received 100 mg/kg lead acetate. Group 3 received 2.5 mg/kg of donepezil. Groups 4 to 6 received 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg ethanol extract of ripe M sapientum, respectively, via oral gavage. Groups 2 to 5 were co-treated with 100 mg/kg lead acetate for 21 days. Neurobehavioral parameter, biochemical and histological analyses of the hippocampus were determined. Recognition memory was evaluated using Novel Object Recognition Test. Results: There was a significant ( p < 0.05) increase in total exploration, discrimination index, and percentage alternation in the ethanol extract M sapientum-treated groups compared with the lead acetate-induced group. M sapientum ethanol extract and dopamine significantly ( p < 0.05) reduced acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) and malondialdehyde (MDA) activities in a dose-dependent manner and significantly ( p < 0.05) increased superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) dose dependently, respectively. In the histopathological analysis of the hippocampal area, there were mild vacuolation (V), mild degeneration as well as mild granular cell atrophy in the treated groups, suggesting that M sapientum may have neuroprotective properties. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of ripe M sapientum peels enhanced cognitive functions and may be beneficial in preventing neurodegenerative disorders via antioxidant mechanism.","PeriodicalId":19019,"journal":{"name":"Natural Product Communications","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141778609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1177/1934578x241264995
Veronica James Enyiekere, Edet Effiong Asanga, Jude Efiom Okokon, Chinedum Martins Ekeleme, Martin Osita Anagboso, Ise Peter Uduak
BackgroundJusticia insularis (Acanthaceae) T. Anderson is ethnopharmacologically used in Nigeria for the treatment of diseases including malaria. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate in vivo antiplasmodial effect of J. insularis leaf in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice, characterize its constituents, and carryout in silico studies of its compounds.MethodsStandard protocols were followed in the processing of the plant leaves, extraction, fractionation, isolation, and characterization, evaluation of in vivo antiplasmodial assay, retrieval of Plasmodium falciparum serine hydroxymethyl transferase (PfSHMT) and Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP-1) proteins, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET), and docking studies. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to isolate and characterize the compounds; SWISSADME and ADMET lab 2 enhanced the evaluation of pharmacokinetic properties, PyRx for docking analysis; Biovia discovery studio for 2D visualization, and PyMol software for 3D visualization of the ligand-protein interactions.ResultsThe dichloromethane (61.59%) and ethyl acetate (73.15%) fractions had the best therapeutic indices and compared favorably with chloroquine (81.58%) in the curative antiplasmodial assay. The GC-MS analysis revealed 20 already reported antiplasmodial compounds with hexanoic acid 1,1-dimethylethyl ester, octadecanoic acid docosyl ester, and trans-β-ocimene as the lead compounds based on their binding affinities, permeation of the blood-brain-barrier, non-inhibition of metabolizing enzymes, ease of excretion, non-carcinogenicity, as well as non-violation of Lipinski's criteria.ConclusionOctadecanoic acid docosyl ester and hexanoic acid 1,1-dimethylethyl ester bonded the tetrahydrofolate-binding sites of PfSHMT, caused inhibition of DNA synthesis, and apoptosis, whereas trans-β-ocimene inhibited PfEMP-1, reversed the attachment of parasitized red blood cells to micro-vascular endothelium as their mechanism of action for parasitemia clearance. Moreover, these lead compounds reported for the first time in the dichloromethane and EtoAc fractions of this plant are responsible for the remarkable antiplasmodial activity observed in this study.
背景Justicia insularis (Acanthaceae) T. Anderson 在尼日利亚被用于治疗包括疟疾在内的各种疾病。因此，本研究旨在调查 J. insularis 叶片对受伯格希氏疟原虫感染的小鼠的体内抗疟效果，确定其成分的特征，并对其化合物进行硅学研究。方法在植物叶片的加工、提取、分馏、分离和表征、体内抗疟试验评估、恶性疟原虫丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶（PfSHMT）和恶性疟原虫红细胞膜蛋白 1（PfEMP-1）蛋白的回收、吸收、分布、代谢、排泄和毒性（ADMET）以及对接研究等方面均遵循了标准方案。气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）用于分离和表征化合物；SWISSADME 和 ADMET 实验室 2 增强了药代动力学特性的评估；PyRx 用于对接分析；Biovia discovery studio 用于二维可视化；PyMol 软件用于配体与蛋白质相互作用的三维可视化。结果二氯甲烷（61.59%）和乙酸乙酯（73.15%）馏分的治疗指数最高，在抗疟治疗试验中与氯喹（81.58%）相比效果更好。气相色谱-质谱分析发现了 20 种已报道的抗疟化合物，其中以己酸 1,1 二甲基乙酯、十八酸二十二烷基酯和反式-β-ocimene 为首要化合物，其依据是这些化合物的结合亲和力、血脑屏障渗透性、不抑制代谢酶、易于排泄、无致癌性以及不违反利平斯基标准。结论十八酸二十二烷基酯和十六酸 1,1-二甲基乙酯结合了 PfSHMT 的四氢叶酸结合位点，抑制了 DNA 合成并导致细胞凋亡，而反式-β-ocimene 则抑制了 PfEMP-1，逆转了寄生红细胞与微血管内皮的附着，这是它们清除寄生虫血症的作用机制。此外，在该植物的二氯甲烷和 EtoAc 馏分中首次发现的这些先导化合物是本研究中观察到的显著抗疟活性的原因。
{"title":"Fatty Acid Esters and Acyclic Monoterpenoid from Justicia insularis Leaf Fractions Attenuated Malaria Pathogenesis Through Docking with Plasmodium falciparum Serine Hydroxymethyl Transferase and Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 Proteins","authors":"Veronica James Enyiekere, Edet Effiong Asanga, Jude Efiom Okokon, Chinedum Martins Ekeleme, Martin Osita Anagboso, Ise Peter Uduak","doi":"10.1177/1934578x241264995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x241264995","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundJusticia insularis (Acanthaceae) T. Anderson is ethnopharmacologically used in Nigeria for the treatment of diseases including malaria. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate in vivo antiplasmodial effect of J. insularis leaf in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice, characterize its constituents, and carryout in silico studies of its compounds.MethodsStandard protocols were followed in the processing of the plant leaves, extraction, fractionation, isolation, and characterization, evaluation of in vivo antiplasmodial assay, retrieval of Plasmodium falciparum serine hydroxymethyl transferase (PfSHMT) and Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP-1) proteins, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET), and docking studies. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to isolate and characterize the compounds; SWISSADME and ADMET lab 2 enhanced the evaluation of pharmacokinetic properties, PyRx for docking analysis; Biovia discovery studio for 2D visualization, and PyMol software for 3D visualization of the ligand-protein interactions.ResultsThe dichloromethane (61.59%) and ethyl acetate (73.15%) fractions had the best therapeutic indices and compared favorably with chloroquine (81.58%) in the curative antiplasmodial assay. The GC-MS analysis revealed 20 already reported antiplasmodial compounds with hexanoic acid 1,1-dimethylethyl ester, octadecanoic acid docosyl ester, and trans-β-ocimene as the lead compounds based on their binding affinities, permeation of the blood-brain-barrier, non-inhibition of metabolizing enzymes, ease of excretion, non-carcinogenicity, as well as non-violation of Lipinski's criteria.ConclusionOctadecanoic acid docosyl ester and hexanoic acid 1,1-dimethylethyl ester bonded the tetrahydrofolate-binding sites of PfSHMT, caused inhibition of DNA synthesis, and apoptosis, whereas trans-β-ocimene inhibited PfEMP-1, reversed the attachment of parasitized red blood cells to micro-vascular endothelium as their mechanism of action for parasitemia clearance. Moreover, these lead compounds reported for the first time in the dichloromethane and EtoAc fractions of this plant are responsible for the remarkable antiplasmodial activity observed in this study.","PeriodicalId":19019,"journal":{"name":"Natural Product Communications","volume":"412 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141778608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1177/1934578x241257828
Yadong Xing, Min Wu, Shijie Zhong, Hui Zhang, Aiping Zheng
Background: Compound Scutellariae Radix Granules (CSRG) are used to treat gastrointestinal diseases, including colorectal cancer (CRC), which is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Studies have demonstrated that CSRG have anti-CRC effects; however, the exact molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Methods: This study used network pharmacology and molecular docking to identify the active ingredients in CSRG and assess CRC-related genes and pathways. After that, the effect of CSRG on HT29 cells was observed in vitro. Cell Counting Kit-8 detection, Western blot, and flow cytometry with AnnexinV-FITC/PI double staining experiments were used to observe the effects of CSRG on the proliferation, apoptosis and other effects of HT-29 cells. Moreover, the effects of CSRG and IGF-I (PI3K/AKT agonist) on HT-29 cell biological behaviors were gauged. Results: Naringenin, quercetin, licochalcone A, acacetin, wogonin, baicalein, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin were the key active ingredients in CSRG, which affect CRC through five genes: mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 and 1, tumor protein 53, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit. The molecular docking experiments predicted the activity of the active ingredients in CSRG against their intended target, each of which could stably bind the corresponding CRC target. The enrichment analysis indicate that CSRG played a synergistic effect in regulating the process of apoptosis and cell proliferation, and that multiple pathways were participated in CSRG-related CRC treatment. Cell experiments results demonstrated that the PI3k–Akt pathway may be critical pathways. Besides, Tp53 was found tightly linked to apoptosis. Moreover, the suppressive effect of CSRG on HT29 cell malignant phenotypes was reversed by IGF-I. Conclusion: CSRG are an anti-colon cancer herb containing multiple components, involving multiple target genes and signaling pathways. CSRG inhibited colon cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis, which may be related to its inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway and activation of the Tp53 pathway.
{"title":"Pharmacodynamic Materials and Mechanisms of Compound Scutellariae Radix Granules for Colorectal Cancer: A Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking and Cell Experiments Study","authors":"Yadong Xing, Min Wu, Shijie Zhong, Hui Zhang, Aiping Zheng","doi":"10.1177/1934578x241257828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x241257828","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Compound Scutellariae Radix Granules (CSRG) are used to treat gastrointestinal diseases, including colorectal cancer (CRC), which is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Studies have demonstrated that CSRG have anti-CRC effects; however, the exact molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Methods: This study used network pharmacology and molecular docking to identify the active ingredients in CSRG and assess CRC-related genes and pathways. After that, the effect of CSRG on HT29 cells was observed in vitro. Cell Counting Kit-8 detection, Western blot, and flow cytometry with AnnexinV-FITC/PI double staining experiments were used to observe the effects of CSRG on the proliferation, apoptosis and other effects of HT-29 cells. Moreover, the effects of CSRG and IGF-I (PI3K/AKT agonist) on HT-29 cell biological behaviors were gauged. Results: Naringenin, quercetin, licochalcone A, acacetin, wogonin, baicalein, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin were the key active ingredients in CSRG, which affect CRC through five genes: mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 and 1, tumor protein 53, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit. The molecular docking experiments predicted the activity of the active ingredients in CSRG against their intended target, each of which could stably bind the corresponding CRC target. The enrichment analysis indicate that CSRG played a synergistic effect in regulating the process of apoptosis and cell proliferation, and that multiple pathways were participated in CSRG-related CRC treatment. Cell experiments results demonstrated that the PI3k–Akt pathway may be critical pathways. Besides, Tp53 was found tightly linked to apoptosis. Moreover, the suppressive effect of CSRG on HT29 cell malignant phenotypes was reversed by IGF-I. Conclusion: CSRG are an anti-colon cancer herb containing multiple components, involving multiple target genes and signaling pathways. CSRG inhibited colon cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis, which may be related to its inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway and activation of the Tp53 pathway.","PeriodicalId":19019,"journal":{"name":"Natural Product Communications","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141778612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1177/1934578x241264632
Taowen Ye, Yumin Ma, Jin Dong, Yanli Dong, Jie Hui, Chengniu Wang, Yang Liu, Xiaorong Wang
ObjectiveHydroxytyrosol (HT), a polyphenolic component identified in olive oil and leaves, represents one of the most extensively investigated natural phenol due to its diverse beneficial biological properties. Recent studies have shown that HT exhibits protective effects on reproductive function and can improve sperm quality. However, the precise effect and underlying mechanism of HT on oligozoospermia remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of HT across varying concentrations on oligozoospermia.MethodsOligozoospermia was induced in ICR male mice via intraperitoneal injection of busulfan (BUS, 30 mg/kg). The mice were randomly categorized into five groups as Normal, BUS, HT 10 mg/kg, HT 30 mg/kg and HT 50 mg/kg. The efficacy of HT on oligozoospermia was assessed through sperm concentration and motility using a computer-assisted sperm analysis system. Testicular and epididymal histology was examined via hematoxylin-eosin staining, while cytoskeletal integrity was evaluated by immunofluorescence. Hormone levels, along with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were examined by ELISA kits. Differentially expressed genes were identified through RNA sequencing, and the expression levels of key genes were validated by qPCR.ResultsThe results indicated that HT (50 mg/kg) significantly increased sperm concentration, promoted morphological recovery of testicular tissue, heightened the levels of serum testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, as well as decreased the accumulation of ROS and MDA in mice with oligozoospermia. RNA sequencing analysis and RT-qPCR results revealed that HT could restore spermatogenesis and ameliorate oligozoospermia by up-regulating genes related to cilium organization, microtubule-based movement, and spermatid differentiation and development.ConclusionsHT demonstrates therapeutic efficacy against busulfan-induced oligozoospermia. The mechanism of HT on oligozoospermia may be related to its influence on cilium and microtubule-based movement, along with the differentiation and development of spermatids. HT shows potential as a prospective therapeutic intervention for the treatment of oligozoospermia.
{"title":"Hydroxytyrosol Ameliorates Busulfan-Induced Oligozoospermia in a Mouse Model","authors":"Taowen Ye, Yumin Ma, Jin Dong, Yanli Dong, Jie Hui, Chengniu Wang, Yang Liu, Xiaorong Wang","doi":"10.1177/1934578x241264632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x241264632","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveHydroxytyrosol (HT), a polyphenolic component identified in olive oil and leaves, represents one of the most extensively investigated natural phenol due to its diverse beneficial biological properties. Recent studies have shown that HT exhibits protective effects on reproductive function and can improve sperm quality. However, the precise effect and underlying mechanism of HT on oligozoospermia remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of HT across varying concentrations on oligozoospermia.MethodsOligozoospermia was induced in ICR male mice via intraperitoneal injection of busulfan (BUS, 30 mg/kg). The mice were randomly categorized into five groups as Normal, BUS, HT 10 mg/kg, HT 30 mg/kg and HT 50 mg/kg. The efficacy of HT on oligozoospermia was assessed through sperm concentration and motility using a computer-assisted sperm analysis system. Testicular and epididymal histology was examined via hematoxylin-eosin staining, while cytoskeletal integrity was evaluated by immunofluorescence. Hormone levels, along with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were examined by ELISA kits. Differentially expressed genes were identified through RNA sequencing, and the expression levels of key genes were validated by qPCR.ResultsThe results indicated that HT (50 mg/kg) significantly increased sperm concentration, promoted morphological recovery of testicular tissue, heightened the levels of serum testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, as well as decreased the accumulation of ROS and MDA in mice with oligozoospermia. RNA sequencing analysis and RT-qPCR results revealed that HT could restore spermatogenesis and ameliorate oligozoospermia by up-regulating genes related to cilium organization, microtubule-based movement, and spermatid differentiation and development.ConclusionsHT demonstrates therapeutic efficacy against busulfan-induced oligozoospermia. The mechanism of HT on oligozoospermia may be related to its influence on cilium and microtubule-based movement, along with the differentiation and development of spermatids. HT shows potential as a prospective therapeutic intervention for the treatment of oligozoospermia.","PeriodicalId":19019,"journal":{"name":"Natural Product Communications","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141778607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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