Pub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.2.13
Zhe Cui, Yan Zhou, Y. Kim
Purpose - The current study focuses on the effects of different degrees of attention to information provided by VR tourism. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of VR tourism on potential tourists’ intention to visit, and provided an analysis of how information about a tourist destination moderates VR users’ perceived value and intention to visit. Design/Methodology/Approach - The study uses the SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 26.0 statistical packages to analyze a sample of 328 respondents are analyzed using structural equation modeling. Findings - The results suggest that usefulness, ease of use, enjoyment, interactions among the perceived benefits of VR tourism has a positive effect on perceived value except for Presence. Perceived value is positively correlated with intention to visit intention. Perception of value experience has a significant positive impact on the intention to visit a tourist destination. However, while the overall intention to visit is higher with high involvement, increasing experience with tourism has little influence on the intention to visit. Research Implications - The study found that the perceived value of the VR experience has a direct and significant positive impact on the intention to visit, such that a good perception of value in the experience is a driving factor in users’ visit a tourism destination. The implications of this study for future research are discussed.
{"title":"The Influence of VR Tourism’s Perceived Benefits on Value Experience and Intention to Visit: The Moderation Effect of Involvement","authors":"Zhe Cui, Yan Zhou, Y. Kim","doi":"10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - The current study focuses on the effects of different degrees of attention to information provided by VR tourism. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of VR tourism on potential tourists’ intention to visit, and provided an analysis of how information about a tourist destination moderates VR users’ perceived value and intention to visit. \u0000Design/Methodology/Approach - The study uses the SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 26.0 statistical packages to analyze a sample of 328 respondents are analyzed using structural equation modeling. \u0000Findings - The results suggest that usefulness, ease of use, enjoyment, interactions among the perceived benefits of VR tourism has a positive effect on perceived value except for Presence. Perceived value is positively correlated with intention to visit intention. Perception of value experience has a significant positive impact on the intention to visit a tourist destination. However, while the overall intention to visit is higher with high involvement, increasing experience with tourism has little influence on the intention to visit. \u0000Research Implications - The study found that the perceived value of the VR experience has a direct and significant positive impact on the intention to visit, such that a good perception of value in the experience is a driving factor in users’ visit a tourism destination. The implications of this study for future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":190222,"journal":{"name":"International Academy of Global Business and Trade","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132390272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.125
Jiyoung Um, H. Park, S. Yoon
Purpose - COVID-19 has dramatically changed the business landscape, and the travel industry is no exception. The industry is undergoing a paradigm shift to the platform business, and traditional travel agencies are moving their businesses to online platforms. However, in this irreversible global paradigm shift, it is not easy for travel companies to hire and retain employees, especially companies in the IT sector. Studies typically study consumers, such as selection attributes and satisfaction with travel platforms. However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been almost no studies on employees. This study explored how the empowerment of online travel platform employees influences their perceived person-environment (P-E) fit and work engagement. Design/Methodology/Approach - We analyzed data from 352 employees of 26 domestic online travel platforms who were surveyed in January and February 2021. After coding the collected data, we analyzed it using frequency, exploratory factor, reliability, correlation, and multiple regression analyses using IBM SPSS Statistics, ver. 20.0. Findings - First, enhancing the meaningfulness of work and organizational autonomy influences personjob (P-J) fit and person-organization (P-O) fit. Second, enhancing the meaningfulness of work significantly influences vigor, dedication, and absorption in terms of work engagement, while organizational autonomy significantly influences work engagement vigor. Third, P-J fit and P-O fit influence the vigor of work engagement, and P-O fit influences dedication and absorption. Research Implications - This study demonstrated that the empowerment of travel platform employees can improve perceived P-E fit and work engagement. Thus, if organizations guarantee some degree of empowerment, employees will be energized and engaged more in their workplace. Finally, this helps expand the scope of online travel platform research from the perspective of personnel organization.
{"title":"Effect of Empowerment on Perceived Person-Environment Fit and Work Engagement: Focusing on Online Travel Platform Employees","authors":"Jiyoung Um, H. Park, S. Yoon","doi":"10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.125","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - COVID-19 has dramatically changed the business landscape, and the travel industry is no exception. The industry is undergoing a paradigm shift to the platform business, and traditional travel agencies are moving their businesses to online platforms. However, in this irreversible global paradigm shift, it is not easy for travel companies to hire and retain employees, especially companies in the IT sector. Studies typically study consumers, such as selection attributes and satisfaction with travel platforms. However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been almost no studies on employees. This study explored how the empowerment of online travel platform employees influences their perceived person-environment (P-E) fit and work engagement. \u0000Design/Methodology/Approach - We analyzed data from 352 employees of 26 domestic online travel platforms who were surveyed in January and February 2021. After coding the collected data, we analyzed it using frequency, exploratory factor, reliability, correlation, and multiple regression analyses using IBM SPSS Statistics, ver. 20.0. \u0000Findings - First, enhancing the meaningfulness of work and organizational autonomy influences personjob (P-J) fit and person-organization (P-O) fit. Second, enhancing the meaningfulness of work significantly influences vigor, dedication, and absorption in terms of work engagement, while organizational autonomy significantly influences work engagement vigor. Third, P-J fit and P-O fit influence the vigor of work engagement, and P-O fit influences dedication and absorption. \u0000Research Implications - This study demonstrated that the empowerment of travel platform employees can improve perceived P-E fit and work engagement. Thus, if organizations guarantee some degree of empowerment, employees will be energized and engaged more in their workplace. Finally, this helps expand the scope of online travel platform research from the perspective of personnel organization.","PeriodicalId":190222,"journal":{"name":"International Academy of Global Business and Trade","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132877481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.39
Su-Young Choi, Heejeong Shin
Purpose - This study investigates the effect of firm-specific investor sentiment on the asymmetry of the market’s response to signed earnings of accounting information (i.e., positive/negative unexpected earnings). Applying cognitive attribution (i.e., confirmation bias), which arises due to the incongruency of prior and new information to market earning reactions, this paper aims to provide another insight into the market’s efficiency of accounting information. Design/Methodology/Approach - This study hypothesizes that firm-specific investor sentiment is associated with market reactions to earnings information. Using 4,802 firm-year observations of KSE listed firms from 2011 to 2018, this study conducts a series of multiple regression analyses that estimate the moderate/ incremental effect of investor sentiment on market earnings responses. Findings - The analysis results show that on average, firm-specific sentiment plays a role as a reference in interpreting subsequent earnings information. This leads investors to under-react to signed earnings at the announcement date, relying on the sentiment level. Research Implications - This study is distinct from prior literature in using individual firm investor sentiment deemed to be relatively faithful for representing the external mood of firms. By linking the market’s earnings response with investor cognitive attribution (i.e., confirmation bias), this study looks more closely into market informational efficiency.
{"title":"Firm-Specific Investor Sentiment, Confirmation Bias, and Market Response to Earnings Information","authors":"Su-Young Choi, Heejeong Shin","doi":"10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.39","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - This study investigates the effect of firm-specific investor sentiment on the asymmetry of the market’s response to signed earnings of accounting information (i.e., positive/negative unexpected earnings). Applying cognitive attribution (i.e., confirmation bias), which arises due to the incongruency of prior and new information to market earning reactions, this paper aims to provide another insight into the market’s efficiency of accounting information. \u0000Design/Methodology/Approach - This study hypothesizes that firm-specific investor sentiment is associated with market reactions to earnings information. Using 4,802 firm-year observations of KSE listed firms from 2011 to 2018, this study conducts a series of multiple regression analyses that estimate the moderate/ incremental effect of investor sentiment on market earnings responses. \u0000Findings - The analysis results show that on average, firm-specific sentiment plays a role as a reference in interpreting subsequent earnings information. This leads investors to under-react to signed earnings at the announcement date, relying on the sentiment level. \u0000Research Implications - This study is distinct from prior literature in using individual firm investor sentiment deemed to be relatively faithful for representing the external mood of firms. By linking the market’s earnings response with investor cognitive attribution (i.e., confirmation bias), this study looks more closely into market informational efficiency.","PeriodicalId":190222,"journal":{"name":"International Academy of Global Business and Trade","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117125277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.173
Xinyu Li, Sung-Haw Kim, Yongshang Liu
Purpose - This study examines the spatial and inter-temporal spillover effects of privatization on the corporate efficiency and regional income inequality of Chinese state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Design/Methodology/Approach - The spatial Durbin model (SDM) is used in regressions to examine the spatial and inter-temporal spillover effects of the privatization of SOEs on improving the efficiency and income inequality of Chinese firms across regions. A panel dataset of Chinese-listed firms from 2008 to 2018 is used. The stochastic frontier analysis method is applied in estimating corporate efficiency. Findings - First, the privatization of Chinese SOEs increased their efficiency, but exacerbated their income inequality. Second, the globalization activities after the privatization of Chinese SOEs increased their efficiency, but exacerbated their income inequality. Specifically, exports decrease income inequality, while outward foreign direct investment or OFDI has an inverse U-shaped effect on income inequality. Third, the privatization improved overall corporate efficiency within the province and that of neighboring provinces. Fourth, the Chinese SOE firms after privatization aggravated income equality within the province and that of neighboring provinces. Research Implications - In general, the results of this study indicate that the privatization of SOEs and the globalization activities after the privatization have improved the efficiency of Chinese firms, but worsened income equality within the province and that of neighboring provinces. Therefore, there is a strong need for governmental policies to cure income equality in provinces around the location of privarized firms.
{"title":"The Spillover Effects of Privatization on Efficiency and Income Inequality in China","authors":"Xinyu Li, Sung-Haw Kim, Yongshang Liu","doi":"10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.173","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - This study examines the spatial and inter-temporal spillover effects of privatization on the corporate efficiency and regional income inequality of Chinese state-owned enterprises (SOEs). \u0000Design/Methodology/Approach - The spatial Durbin model (SDM) is used in regressions to examine the spatial and inter-temporal spillover effects of the privatization of SOEs on improving the efficiency and income inequality of Chinese firms across regions. A panel dataset of Chinese-listed firms from 2008 to 2018 is used. The stochastic frontier analysis method is applied in estimating corporate efficiency. \u0000Findings - First, the privatization of Chinese SOEs increased their efficiency, but exacerbated their income inequality. Second, the globalization activities after the privatization of Chinese SOEs increased their efficiency, but exacerbated their income inequality. Specifically, exports decrease income inequality, while outward foreign direct investment or OFDI has an inverse U-shaped effect on income inequality. Third, the privatization improved overall corporate efficiency within the province and that of neighboring provinces. Fourth, the Chinese SOE firms after privatization aggravated income equality within the province and that of neighboring provinces. \u0000Research Implications - In general, the results of this study indicate that the privatization of SOEs and the globalization activities after the privatization have improved the efficiency of Chinese firms, but worsened income equality within the province and that of neighboring provinces. Therefore, there is a strong need for governmental policies to cure income equality in provinces around the location of privarized firms.","PeriodicalId":190222,"journal":{"name":"International Academy of Global Business and Trade","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123963559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.143
Inho Lee, Sokchea Kim
Purpose - This study analyzes the characteristics of preferential rules of origin in terms of restrictiveness, complexity, and uncertainty, and empirically analyzes the effects of these characteristics on the implementation of preferential tariffs for FTAs, and the effects of these on the trade performance of domestic import and export companies. Based on this, we present suggestions. Design/Methodology/Approach - In order to achieve the purpose of this study, research models and hypotheses were established through literature studies and case studies, and 207 samples were used for empirical analysis. In addition, this study utilized a structural equation model for hypothesis verification, and used AMOS 18.0 as an analysis tool. Findings - The summary of the results of this study is as follows. First, restrictiveness and uncertainty were found to affect the implementation of preferential tariffs. Second, complexity did not appear to affect the implementation of preferential tariffs. Finally, the implementation of preferential tariffs was found to have a statistically significant effect on the trade performance of start-ups. Research Implications - This study provided academic implications by analyzing the factors that affect the implementation of preferential tariffs into Restrictiveness, Complexity, and Uncertainty through literature research. In addition, by analyzing the effect of preferential tariff enforcement on trade performance, practical implications for increasing the FTA utilization rate of companies were provided.
{"title":"A Study on the Effect of FTA Preferential Rules of Origin (PRoO) on Implementation of Preferential Tariff and Export Performance: Focusing on Start-Up Companies","authors":"Inho Lee, Sokchea Kim","doi":"10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.143","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - This study analyzes the characteristics of preferential rules of origin in terms of restrictiveness, complexity, and uncertainty, and empirically analyzes the effects of these characteristics on the implementation of preferential tariffs for FTAs, and the effects of these on the trade performance of domestic import and export companies. Based on this, we present suggestions. \u0000Design/Methodology/Approach - In order to achieve the purpose of this study, research models and hypotheses were established through literature studies and case studies, and 207 samples were used for empirical analysis. In addition, this study utilized a structural equation model for hypothesis verification, and used AMOS 18.0 as an analysis tool. \u0000Findings - The summary of the results of this study is as follows. First, restrictiveness and uncertainty were found to affect the implementation of preferential tariffs. Second, complexity did not appear to affect the implementation of preferential tariffs. Finally, the implementation of preferential tariffs was found to have a statistically significant effect on the trade performance of start-ups. \u0000Research Implications - This study provided academic implications by analyzing the factors that affect the implementation of preferential tariffs into Restrictiveness, Complexity, and Uncertainty through literature research. In addition, by analyzing the effect of preferential tariff enforcement on trade performance, practical implications for increasing the FTA utilization rate of companies were provided.","PeriodicalId":190222,"journal":{"name":"International Academy of Global Business and Trade","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125317356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.75
Bong-chul Kim, E. Shin, Kyung-Eun Park
Purpose - This study conducts an analysis on the strengthening of the EU’s capacity as a normative power, and the direction of global standardization of these norms. Specifically, this study examines how trade and sustainable development provisions are applied in FTAs with Asian countries. Design/Methodology/Approach - To analyze the relationship between the EU as normative power and its expansion to global standardization as a new concept in the field of trade, this study first focuses on the concept of the EU’s normative power. Based on the concept, the study conducts a comparative analysis of the Korea-EU FTA, EU-Singapore FTA, and EU-Vietnam FTA, which are known as representative FTAs of the EU with Asian countries. Findings - The EU is trying to develop its norms into global standards as a normative power by applying the concept of trade and sustainable development when signing trade agreements with other countries amid changes in multilateral trade norms. This is evidently revealed in the FTAs of the EU with Korea, Singapore, and Vietnam. Research Implications - When discussing the revision of the Korea-EU FTA in the future, it is necessary to recognize and respond to these changes, and Korea, as a middle power, also needs to consider the ripple effect of the EU’s formation and spread of its norms as a normative power.
{"title":"Establishing EU Norms as a Global Actor: Application of New Concepts in FTAs","authors":"Bong-chul Kim, E. Shin, Kyung-Eun Park","doi":"10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.75","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - This study conducts an analysis on the strengthening of the EU’s capacity as a normative power, and the direction of global standardization of these norms. Specifically, this study examines how trade and sustainable development provisions are applied in FTAs with Asian countries. \u0000Design/Methodology/Approach - To analyze the relationship between the EU as normative power and its expansion to global standardization as a new concept in the field of trade, this study first focuses on the concept of the EU’s normative power. Based on the concept, the study conducts a comparative analysis of the Korea-EU FTA, EU-Singapore FTA, and EU-Vietnam FTA, which are known as representative FTAs of the EU with Asian countries. \u0000Findings - The EU is trying to develop its norms into global standards as a normative power by applying the concept of trade and sustainable development when signing trade agreements with other countries amid changes in multilateral trade norms. This is evidently revealed in the FTAs of the EU with Korea, Singapore, and Vietnam. \u0000Research Implications - When discussing the revision of the Korea-EU FTA in the future, it is necessary to recognize and respond to these changes, and Korea, as a middle power, also needs to consider the ripple effect of the EU’s formation and spread of its norms as a normative power.","PeriodicalId":190222,"journal":{"name":"International Academy of Global Business and Trade","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128871869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.15
Sun-ki Lee, Kyung-Jae Lee
Purpose - Conflicts of interest can arise in interdependent relationships. For instance, importing agents may act opportunistically and not comply with the exporter’s regulations. Thus, it is important that the principal seeks ways to encourage its agents to perform optimally on its behalf. It becomes necessary to establish a reliable reward system that positively influences agents’ role performance. This study examines whether monetary and non-monetary rewards increase the role performance of overseas agents in international trade. Design/Methodology/Approach - Analyzing the responses of 50 exporting representatives in South Korean small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), it revealed that while compliance and commitment positively influence agents’ role performance, rewards encourage only commitment, not compliance, of agents. Findings - The findings suggest that non-monetary rewards are as important as monetary incentives in improving the importers’ role performance. In short, the importers’ role performance is improved when non-monetary rewards are actively in place, and their levels of compliance and commitment play the mediating roles. Research Implications - These findings were vital because exporters want their import agents to be compliant and committed. The results indicated that exporters value long-term commitment more than short-term compliance. Moreover, the role performance of importing agents improves when they are highly committed to their exporter’s cause.
{"title":"Do Rewards Build Importer Compliance and Commitment in Overseas Trade?","authors":"Sun-ki Lee, Kyung-Jae Lee","doi":"10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - Conflicts of interest can arise in interdependent relationships. For instance, importing agents may act opportunistically and not comply with the exporter’s regulations. Thus, it is important that the principal seeks ways to encourage its agents to perform optimally on its behalf. It becomes necessary to establish a reliable reward system that positively influences agents’ role performance. This study examines whether monetary and non-monetary rewards increase the role performance of overseas agents in international trade. \u0000Design/Methodology/Approach - Analyzing the responses of 50 exporting representatives in South Korean small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), it revealed that while compliance and commitment positively influence agents’ role performance, rewards encourage only commitment, not compliance, of agents. \u0000Findings - The findings suggest that non-monetary rewards are as important as monetary incentives in improving the importers’ role performance. In short, the importers’ role performance is improved when non-monetary rewards are actively in place, and their levels of compliance and commitment play the mediating roles. \u0000Research Implications - These findings were vital because exporters want their import agents to be compliant and committed. The results indicated that exporters value long-term commitment more than short-term compliance. Moreover, the role performance of importing agents improves when they are highly committed to their exporter’s cause.","PeriodicalId":190222,"journal":{"name":"International Academy of Global Business and Trade","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117242115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.1
Liezel S. Cruz, A. Cuevas, J. Asma, JP Roma D. Duque, Beah M. Orlina
Purpose - Cooperatives are people-centric organizations that are organized to meet the common needs of their members. One key goal for the establishment of agricultural cooperatives is to help improve the marketing efficiency of their members. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between cooperative membership and marketing efficiency among coffee farmers in the provinces of Cavite, Benguet, and Mountain Province, Philippines. Design/Methodology/Approach - Primary and secondary data were gathered in the study. Linear regression with endogenous treatment was used to analyze the data which examined both observable and unobservable factors affecting the treatment, cooperative membership, potential outcome, and the marketing efficiency. Findings - The results of the study revealed that the average farmer generated USD0.85 more farm income for every peso spent on marketing activities if he/she was a member of an agricultural cooperative. This implied that membership positively improved the marketing efficiency of coffee farmers. Moreover, farmers who sold their processed coffee to cooperatives and who had price access were observed to have higher marketing efficiency. Farmers who were females, adopted more processing technologies, took longer to search for price information, sold to cooperatives, had more coffee experience, and whose farms were located away from technology sources were more likely to become cooperative members. Research Implications - The study recommended the promotion of cooperative membership among farmers to improve their marketing efficiency and capacity-building activities related to the technology adoption and management of cooperatives.
{"title":"Does Membership in Agricultural Cooperatives Improve Marketing Efficiency?: Insights from Smallholder Coffee Farmers in Selected Provinces of the Philippines","authors":"Liezel S. Cruz, A. Cuevas, J. Asma, JP Roma D. Duque, Beah M. Orlina","doi":"10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - Cooperatives are people-centric organizations that are organized to meet the common needs of their members. One key goal for the establishment of agricultural cooperatives is to help improve the marketing efficiency of their members. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between cooperative membership and marketing efficiency among coffee farmers in the provinces of Cavite, Benguet, and Mountain Province, Philippines. \u0000Design/Methodology/Approach - Primary and secondary data were gathered in the study. Linear regression with endogenous treatment was used to analyze the data which examined both observable and unobservable factors affecting the treatment, cooperative membership, potential outcome, and the marketing efficiency. \u0000Findings - The results of the study revealed that the average farmer generated USD0.85 more farm income for every peso spent on marketing activities if he/she was a member of an agricultural cooperative. This implied that membership positively improved the marketing efficiency of coffee farmers. Moreover, farmers who sold their processed coffee to cooperatives and who had price access were observed to have higher marketing efficiency. Farmers who were females, adopted more processing technologies, took longer to search for price information, sold to cooperatives, had more coffee experience, and whose farms were located away from technology sources were more likely to become cooperative members. \u0000Research Implications - The study recommended the promotion of cooperative membership among farmers to improve their marketing efficiency and capacity-building activities related to the technology adoption and management of cooperatives.","PeriodicalId":190222,"journal":{"name":"International Academy of Global Business and Trade","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127030230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.91
Xuan Wang, Shanyue Jin
Purpose - With the acceleration of global integration and the deepening of the market economy, sustainable development is receiving unprecedented attention worldwide. Corporate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance is one of the most important ways of promoting sustainable development. Companies with good ESG performance excel both operationally and financially, maintaining their competitive advantage and achieving sustainable corporate growth. This study examines the impact of ESG performance on corporate sustainability and identifies factors that influence this relationship from the perspective of external governance structures. Design/Methodology/Approach - This study investigates the impact of corporate ESG performance on corporate sustainability using a fixed-effects model with Chinese A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2020. It also explores the moderating roles of external audit quality, the shareholding ratio of institutional investors, and analyst attention on the impact of ESG performance on corporate sustainability. Findings - The findings show that corporate ESG performance can contribute to sustainable development. External audit quality, the shareholding ratio of institutional investors, and analyst attention have positive moderating effects on ESG performance, which can contribute to sustainable development. Research Implications - This study enriches theoretical research in ESG performance and sustainability, and identifies external governance factors that contribute to the relationship between the two. Consequently, it provides suggestions for listed company growth and sustainability practices
{"title":"Environmental, Social, and Governance Performance and Corporate Sustainable Development in China","authors":"Xuan Wang, Shanyue Jin","doi":"10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.91","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - With the acceleration of global integration and the deepening of the market economy, sustainable development is receiving unprecedented attention worldwide. Corporate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance is one of the most important ways of promoting sustainable development. Companies with good ESG performance excel both operationally and financially, maintaining their competitive advantage and achieving sustainable corporate growth. This study examines the impact of ESG performance on corporate sustainability and identifies factors that influence this relationship from the perspective of external governance structures. \u0000Design/Methodology/Approach - This study investigates the impact of corporate ESG performance on corporate sustainability using a fixed-effects model with Chinese A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2020. It also explores the moderating roles of external audit quality, the shareholding ratio of institutional investors, and analyst attention on the impact of ESG performance on corporate sustainability. \u0000Findings - The findings show that corporate ESG performance can contribute to sustainable development. External audit quality, the shareholding ratio of institutional investors, and analyst attention have positive moderating effects on ESG performance, which can contribute to sustainable development. \u0000Research Implications - This study enriches theoretical research in ESG performance and sustainability, and identifies external governance factors that contribute to the relationship between the two. Consequently, it provides suggestions for listed company growth and sustainability practices","PeriodicalId":190222,"journal":{"name":"International Academy of Global Business and Trade","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115802720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.57
Joonghak Lee, Youngwoo Kim, Jisang Kang
Purpose - Digital transformation is the key to success for recent multinational corporates. Ample studies have paid attention to the effectiveness of digital transformation and usage of advanced technology, but there is a lack of research related to how to prepare for digital transformation. The main purpose of this study is to organize specific case of preparation for digital transformation from a management perspective. In addition, the empirical results are presented to examine the impact of the preparation of the digital transformation. Design/Methodology/Approach - The study first reviews previous literature about digital transformation to organize antecedents, theory, contingency, and outcomes. Second, based on the resource-based view, a case is explained the company’s context, processes, and methodology. Lastly, empirical analysis is conducted to investigate how effective the digital transformation is prepared, and results are presented with data from 50 affiliations and 1,059 employees. Findings - This study finds the key to successful digital transformation is well-prepared talent, and suggests how multinational corporates can be ready for talent selection and development. Furthermore, readiness in digital transformation in talent varies by industry, company, and employee characteristics. Then, the study implies successful digital transformation should consider a contingency. Research Implications - The current study expands the knowledge on digital transformation by suggesting an actual case of South Korean multinational corporations, which allows researchers and practitioners to understand the process and methodology. Second, this research extended the discussion of digital transformation to talent selection preparation since previous literature has focused only on recent technology. Lastly, the study introduces the empirical results of preparation for digital transformation and helps practitioners initiate digital transformation in their organizations.
{"title":"Preparation for Digital Transformation: A Case and Empirical Findings of South Korean Multinational Corporations","authors":"Joonghak Lee, Youngwoo Kim, Jisang Kang","doi":"10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20294/jgbt.2023.19.1.57","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - Digital transformation is the key to success for recent multinational corporates. Ample studies have paid attention to the effectiveness of digital transformation and usage of advanced technology, but there is a lack of research related to how to prepare for digital transformation. The main purpose of this study is to organize specific case of preparation for digital transformation from a management perspective. In addition, the empirical results are presented to examine the impact of the preparation of the digital transformation. \u0000Design/Methodology/Approach - The study first reviews previous literature about digital transformation to organize antecedents, theory, contingency, and outcomes. Second, based on the resource-based view, a case is explained the company’s context, processes, and methodology. Lastly, empirical analysis is conducted to investigate how effective the digital transformation is prepared, and results are presented with data from 50 affiliations and 1,059 employees. \u0000Findings - This study finds the key to successful digital transformation is well-prepared talent, and suggests how multinational corporates can be ready for talent selection and development. Furthermore, readiness in digital transformation in talent varies by industry, company, and employee characteristics. Then, the study implies successful digital transformation should consider a contingency. \u0000Research Implications - The current study expands the knowledge on digital transformation by suggesting an actual case of South Korean multinational corporations, which allows researchers and practitioners to understand the process and methodology. Second, this research extended the discussion of digital transformation to talent selection preparation since previous literature has focused only on recent technology. Lastly, the study introduces the empirical results of preparation for digital transformation and helps practitioners initiate digital transformation in their organizations.","PeriodicalId":190222,"journal":{"name":"International Academy of Global Business and Trade","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131448294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}