Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.4.75
wan-hyung lee
Purpose – This study presents a theory and model of humanity management with the research question of “Where should management head for new paradigms such as ESG, social value management, global environment, and digital innovation today?” Design/Methodology/Approach – This study was based on literature research. Existing related prior research was examined and used to formulate a theory on humanity management. The central concept discovered in previous research was “humanity” is concerned with humans in areas such as life, community, social responsibility, connection between people, empathy, sensibility, emotion, resilience, agility, good for business and profit, respect for humans and nature, ethics about nature and machinery, and interactions between technology and people. Findings – The result of this study is as follows. Humanity management model consists of three levels. The first is the ‘mission level’. Its core value is ‘life’. The second is the ‘management level’. At this level, ethical management, environmental management, and technological management are organically connected and integrated. The third is the ‘implementation level’. It consists of nine implementation strategies. Research Implications – This study is meaningful in that it attempted to theoretically establish humanity management as a new management paradigm. However, there is a limitation in that many variables were not considered in constructing the theory due to a lack of empirical studies as well as previous literature studies.
{"title":"A Study on Humanity Management: Theory and Model","authors":"wan-hyung lee","doi":"10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.4.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.4.75","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – This study presents a theory and model of humanity management with the research question of “Where should management head for new paradigms such as ESG, social value management, global environment, and digital innovation today?” Design/Methodology/Approach – This study was based on literature research. Existing related prior research was examined and used to formulate a theory on humanity management. The central concept discovered in previous research was “humanity” is concerned with humans in areas such as life, community, social responsibility, connection between people, empathy, sensibility, emotion, resilience, agility, good for business and profit, respect for humans and nature, ethics about nature and machinery, and interactions between technology and people. \u0000Findings – The result of this study is as follows. Humanity management model consists of three levels. The first is the ‘mission level’. Its core value is ‘life’. The second is the ‘management level’. At this level, ethical management, environmental management, and technological management are organically connected and integrated. The third is the ‘implementation level’. It consists of nine implementation strategies. \u0000Research Implications – This study is meaningful in that it attempted to theoretically establish humanity management as a new management paradigm. However, there is a limitation in that many variables were not considered in constructing the theory due to a lack of empirical studies as well as previous literature studies.","PeriodicalId":190222,"journal":{"name":"International Academy of Global Business and Trade","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114488469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.4.13
Zheng Lu, Yeong-Gil Kim
Purpose – This study examines how to meet the needs of users, improve user satisfaction, form user loyalty, and obtain greater user retention. Design/Methodology/Approach – This study selects users on mobile short video platforms as the research object, and conducts research from the new perspective and field of brand experience of short video application, using user loyalty theory as a framework to study the relationship between brand experience, user satisfaction, brand personality, and loyalty to test the mediating role of user satisfaction, and to explain the moderating role of brand personality in each variable. Findings – All brand experience positively influences user satisfaction. User satisfaction positively influences user loyalty. Brand experience positively influences user loyalty. User satisfaction plays a mediating role in the relationship between brand experience and user loyalty. Brand personality positively moderates the influence of brand experience on user loyalty. Brand personality positively regulates the mediating role of user satisfaction in the relationship between brand experience. Research Implications – The study puts forward some management suggestions and user promotion marketing suggestions for mobile short video companies to gain a place in the short video market.
{"title":"A Study of Mobile Short Video Brand Experience on User Loyalty","authors":"Zheng Lu, Yeong-Gil Kim","doi":"10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.4.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.4.13","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – This study examines how to meet the needs of users, improve user satisfaction, form user loyalty, and obtain greater user retention. \u0000Design/Methodology/Approach – This study selects users on mobile short video platforms as the research object, and conducts research from the new perspective and field of brand experience of short video application, using user loyalty theory as a framework to study the relationship between brand experience, user satisfaction, brand personality, and loyalty to test the mediating role of user satisfaction, and to explain the moderating role of brand personality in each variable. \u0000Findings – All brand experience positively influences user satisfaction. User satisfaction positively influences user loyalty. Brand experience positively influences user loyalty. User satisfaction plays a mediating role in the relationship between brand experience and user loyalty. Brand personality positively moderates the influence of brand experience on user loyalty. Brand personality positively regulates the mediating role of user satisfaction in the relationship between brand experience. \u0000Research Implications – The study puts forward some management suggestions and user promotion marketing suggestions for mobile short video companies to gain a place in the short video market.","PeriodicalId":190222,"journal":{"name":"International Academy of Global Business and Trade","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128054919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.4.57
Chipoong Kim, J. Hong, Hyun-Taek Koh
Purpose – Working in the Middle East used to be a “must-have” experience in the Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) industry. However, these days, millennials are not willing to accept such assignments. By adopting expectancy theory, this study explores the antecedents causing their reluctance. Design/Methodology/Approach – We adopt consensual qualitative research method with 21 in-depth interviews of expatriates with working experience in the Middle East from three EPC companies in South Korea. In particular, our study covers expatriates working in Qatar, Morocco, Algeria, Oman, Iraq, and Kuwait, which are rarely studied in the existing literature. Findings – We find that millennial expatriates are sensitive to harsh working environments that lead to limitations in their personal lives. Our study also shows that millennials perceive the reward as too low, especially when compared to expatriates in other countries or those at headquarters. Furthermore, they think working in the Middle East is not helpful to their future career. Research Implications – South Korean EPC companies should identify the characteristics of these millennials and make adjustments to current HR practices, such as pay raises and career support. Allowances for long-term employees in remote parts of the Middle East should also be increased. It is necessary to give extra points to promotion for those who have worked in secluded areas.
{"title":"Millennials’ Avoidance of International Assignments in the Middle East: A Case in the EPC Industry","authors":"Chipoong Kim, J. Hong, Hyun-Taek Koh","doi":"10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.4.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.4.57","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – Working in the Middle East used to be a “must-have” experience in the Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) industry. However, these days, millennials are not willing to accept such assignments. By adopting expectancy theory, this study explores the antecedents causing their reluctance. \u0000Design/Methodology/Approach – We adopt consensual qualitative research method with 21 in-depth interviews of expatriates with working experience in the Middle East from three EPC companies in South Korea. In particular, our study covers expatriates working in Qatar, Morocco, Algeria, Oman, Iraq, and Kuwait, which are rarely studied in the existing literature. \u0000Findings – We find that millennial expatriates are sensitive to harsh working environments that lead to limitations in their personal lives. Our study also shows that millennials perceive the reward as too low, especially when compared to expatriates in other countries or those at headquarters. Furthermore, they think working in the Middle East is not helpful to their future career. \u0000Research Implications – South Korean EPC companies should identify the characteristics of these millennials and make adjustments to current HR practices, such as pay raises and career support. Allowances for long-term employees in remote parts of the Middle East should also be increased. It is necessary to give extra points to promotion for those who have worked in secluded areas.","PeriodicalId":190222,"journal":{"name":"International Academy of Global Business and Trade","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130600340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.4.139
M. Isip, R. Baconguis, D. Depositario, M. Quimbo, M. Paunlagui
mostly considered to moderate relationships rather than measured as a direct or indirect influence toward a specific outcome variable of interest. This study aims to contribute to knowledge that the firm’s export performance, as the outcome variable, is directly and indirectly influenced by environmental hostility with entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capabilities along a single path. Design/Methodology/Approach – Grounded on the resource-based view and contingency approach in management, an explanatory sequential research design was used. Using the PLS-SEM technique, quantitative data was collected and analyzed from 108 medium-scale agro-processing firms in the Philippines. A series of interviews was done after to validate quantitative findings and to show the practical manifestation of the variables. Findings – The influence of environmental hostility on export performance is not straightforward, and an indirect, multi-step mediating effect is made through the firm’s entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capabilities. Most importantly, the firm’s dynamic capabilities were seen to be the missing link between the EO-export performance relationship, as it gives the better understanding as to why EO alone cannot always influence above-average export performance. Dynamic capabilities are essentially needed along the firm’s chain of operations, making dynamic capabilities a major antecedent of export performance. Research Implications – EO is responsible for converting threatening and hostile environmental effects into beneficial outcomes, such as enhanced dynamic capabilities. However, dynamic capabilities are responsible for the effective execution of operations that positively influence an above-average export performance.
{"title":"Direct and Indirect Influences of Environmental Hostility on Export Performance","authors":"M. Isip, R. Baconguis, D. Depositario, M. Quimbo, M. Paunlagui","doi":"10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.4.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.4.139","url":null,"abstract":"mostly considered to moderate relationships rather than measured as a direct or indirect influence toward a specific outcome variable of interest. This study aims to contribute to knowledge that the firm’s export performance, as the outcome variable, is directly and indirectly influenced by environmental hostility with entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capabilities along a single path. \u0000Design/Methodology/Approach – Grounded on the resource-based view and contingency approach in management, an explanatory sequential research design was used. Using the PLS-SEM technique, quantitative data was collected and analyzed from 108 medium-scale agro-processing firms in the Philippines. A series of interviews was done after to validate quantitative findings and to show the practical manifestation of the variables. \u0000Findings – The influence of environmental hostility on export performance is not straightforward, and an indirect, multi-step mediating effect is made through the firm’s entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capabilities. Most importantly, the firm’s dynamic capabilities were seen to be the missing link between the EO-export performance relationship, as it gives the better understanding as to why EO alone cannot always influence above-average export performance. Dynamic capabilities are essentially needed along the firm’s chain of operations, making dynamic capabilities a major antecedent of export performance. \u0000Research Implications – EO is responsible for converting threatening and hostile environmental effects into beneficial outcomes, such as enhanced dynamic capabilities. However, dynamic capabilities are responsible for the effective execution of operations that positively influence an above-average export performance.","PeriodicalId":190222,"journal":{"name":"International Academy of Global Business and Trade","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122297833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.4.91
Yang-Seung Lee
Purpose – Political populism can leave a negative impact upon social welfare with weakening commitment credibility. It is widely known that public policy plays a role in determining trade gains. The purpose of this paper is to examine how political populism affects the social welfare of an open economy. Design/Methodology/Approach – This paper extends the Brander-Spencer model in which home and foreign firms compete in oligopoly in a third country. In that model, social welfare is defined as the sum of home firm profits. Strategically, home and foreign firms schedule output to maximize firm profits. Firms can make investments privately to reduce the marginal cost. This paper supposes that a government invests in public capital to inspire private investments. The public investment of the home government benefits the home firms. Findings – The project of public capital investment takes time until completion. That is, it will be completed in the future. Thus, commitment credibility matters. Specifically, politicians have incentives to reschedule the on-going project of public capital investment in their best political interest. This is the main reason why many public projects encounter hold-up problems. Political populism lies at the center of the problems. Research Implications – This paper emphasizes that commitment credibility is important as along with the size of the public project. Although the size of a public project is large, the private sector does not respond to the commitment if it lacks credibility. Thus, policymakers should keep in mind that commitment credibility is a necessary condition for the success of a public project.
{"title":"A Study on Government Commitment, Public Capital, and Trade","authors":"Yang-Seung Lee","doi":"10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.4.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.4.91","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – Political populism can leave a negative impact upon social welfare with weakening commitment credibility. It is widely known that public policy plays a role in determining trade gains. The purpose of this paper is to examine how political populism affects the social welfare of an open economy. \u0000Design/Methodology/Approach – This paper extends the Brander-Spencer model in which home and foreign firms compete in oligopoly in a third country. In that model, social welfare is defined as the sum of home firm profits. Strategically, home and foreign firms schedule output to maximize firm profits. Firms can make investments privately to reduce the marginal cost. This paper supposes that a government invests in public capital to inspire private investments. The public investment of the home government benefits the home firms. \u0000Findings – The project of public capital investment takes time until completion. That is, it will be completed in the future. Thus, commitment credibility matters. Specifically, politicians have incentives to reschedule the on-going project of public capital investment in their best political interest. This is the main reason why many public projects encounter hold-up problems. Political populism lies at the center of the problems. \u0000Research Implications – This paper emphasizes that commitment credibility is important as along with the size of the public project. Although the size of a public project is large, the private sector does not respond to the commitment if it lacks credibility. Thus, policymakers should keep in mind that commitment credibility is a necessary condition for the success of a public project.","PeriodicalId":190222,"journal":{"name":"International Academy of Global Business and Trade","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130619009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.4.107
Chenyang Huang, Seokho Hong
Purpose – At present, the problem of old-age security is becoming more and more prominent, and smart elderly care has become a trend in social elderly care development. However, there is relatively little research on industry chain integration, and research combining “smart elderly care” and “industry chain integration” is even more absent, although the theory of industry chain integration has put forward valuable ideas. The theory of industry chain integration should be combined with smart elderly care to carry out research and analysis on different perspectives of the industry chain, so as to promote the construction of smart elderly care industry chain integration and lay the foundation for the further research of smart elderly care industry chain integration. Design/Methodology/Approach – Firstly, this study’s descriptive, factor, reliability, and validity analysis, as well as the establishment and verification of structural equations, were carried out for the obtained data using SPSS statistical analysis software and AMOS. Then, the descriptive analysis processes the basic information of interviewees, and the reliability and validity of the scale are tested. In this process, principal components were extracted through factor analysis to modify the model, and a path analysis of the factors and other analyses were carried out through the establishment of structural equations to obtain the final research results. Findings – The results show that there are problems with the current demand patterns of the aging group, the operation of smart elderly care enterprises, the service modes of the smart elderly care industry and the elderly care service environment, which limit the integration of the smart elderly care industry chain to a certain extent. Research Implications – The prior research suffers from two types of problems, mainly focusing on qualitative analysis, a lack of empirical research, no clarification of the logical relationship between various perspectives, and a lack of variables and model systems. Therefore, the value of this study is to use structural equation modeling (SEM) to construct the factors influencing the integration of the smart elderly care industry chain and carry out an empirical study on the influencing factors.
{"title":"SEM Based Study on the Influencing Factors of the Integration of China’s Smart Elderly Care Industry Chain","authors":"Chenyang Huang, Seokho Hong","doi":"10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.4.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.4.107","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – At present, the problem of old-age security is becoming more and more prominent, and smart elderly care has become a trend in social elderly care development. However, there is relatively little research on industry chain integration, and research combining “smart elderly care” and “industry chain integration” is even more absent, although the theory of industry chain integration has put forward valuable ideas. The theory of industry chain integration should be combined with smart elderly care to carry out research and analysis on different perspectives of the industry chain, so as to promote the construction of smart elderly care industry chain integration and lay the foundation for the further research of smart elderly care industry chain integration. \u0000Design/Methodology/Approach – Firstly, this study’s descriptive, factor, reliability, and validity analysis, as well as the establishment and verification of structural equations, were carried out for the obtained data using SPSS statistical analysis software and AMOS. Then, the descriptive analysis processes the basic information of interviewees, and the reliability and validity of the scale are tested. In this process, principal components were extracted through factor analysis to modify the model, and a path analysis of the factors and other analyses were carried out through the establishment of structural equations to obtain the final research results. \u0000Findings – The results show that there are problems with the current demand patterns of the aging group, the operation of smart elderly care enterprises, the service modes of the smart elderly care industry and the elderly care service environment, which limit the integration of the smart elderly care industry chain to a certain extent. \u0000Research Implications – The prior research suffers from two types of problems, mainly focusing on qualitative analysis, a lack of empirical research, no clarification of the logical relationship between various perspectives, and a lack of variables and model systems. Therefore, the value of this study is to use structural equation modeling (SEM) to construct the factors influencing the integration of the smart elderly care industry chain and carry out an empirical study on the influencing factors.","PeriodicalId":190222,"journal":{"name":"International Academy of Global Business and Trade","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116023823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.3.17
Hang Tran, Min-Sook Kim
Purpose - Users utilize video conference services to enhance job performance. If they feel the flow experience while performing duties through video conferencing, they will continue to use the video conference service. The main purpose of this study is to comprehensively verify how the personal traits and social factors of video conference service users impact flow experience. In addition, it is necessary to understand the direct impact of technology readiness on flow to maintain the use intention of video conference service users. Design/Methodology/Approach - Based on the hypotheses results, this study first identified the negative effect of technology readiness on perceived usefulness and the positive effect on perceived ease of use and flow experience. Second, both visibility and subjective norm factors showed direct impacts on perceived usefulness, but no impact on perceived ease of use. Lastly, all perception factors such as perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, strongly influence flow experience. Findings - This study combined fundamental theories, including flow theory, technology readiness, self-image congruence, social factors, and perception factors, to construct an integrated research framework. Furthermore, a total of 223 valid samples from users in South Korea that had used a paid video conference service were collected and analyzed. Research Implications - The following are the primary theoretical implications of this study. Firstly, the current study extended the research subjects to not only students but also office workers and instructors; secondly, it determined the influential relationships between personality traits, social dimensions, and perceptions of users with flow experiences. Moreover, several practical implications are also suggested to introduce some methods of developing new potential clients and retaining existing customers for service providers.
{"title":"A Study on Personal Traits, Social Influences and, the Flow Experience of Video Conference Service Users","authors":"Hang Tran, Min-Sook Kim","doi":"10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.3.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.3.17","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - Users utilize video conference services to enhance job performance. If they feel the flow experience while performing duties through video conferencing, they will continue to use the video conference service. The main purpose of this study is to comprehensively verify how the personal traits and social factors of video conference service users impact flow experience. In addition, it is necessary to understand the direct impact of technology readiness on flow to maintain the use intention of video conference service users. \u0000Design/Methodology/Approach - Based on the hypotheses results, this study first identified the negative effect of technology readiness on perceived usefulness and the positive effect on perceived ease of use and flow experience. Second, both visibility and subjective norm factors showed direct impacts on perceived usefulness, but no impact on perceived ease of use. Lastly, all perception factors such as perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, strongly influence flow experience. \u0000Findings - This study combined fundamental theories, including flow theory, technology readiness, self-image congruence, social factors, and perception factors, to construct an integrated research framework. Furthermore, a total of 223 valid samples from users in South Korea that had used a paid video conference service were collected and analyzed. \u0000Research Implications - The following are the primary theoretical implications of this study. Firstly, the current study extended the research subjects to not only students but also office workers and instructors; secondly, it determined the influential relationships between personality traits, social dimensions, and perceptions of users with flow experiences. Moreover, several practical implications are also suggested to introduce some methods of developing new potential clients and retaining existing customers for service providers.","PeriodicalId":190222,"journal":{"name":"International Academy of Global Business and Trade","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122555733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.3.61
Jin-Sup Jung, Hui-fang Liu
Purpose - In this study, we explore the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) attributes on consumers’ brand attitudes and purchase intention in the electronic industry. We particularly drew implications by comparing Korea and China. Design/Methodology/Approach - The research model was established based on extant research. A survey was conducted that focused on consumers in the electronics industry. 212 questionnaires from Korea and 208 questionnaires from China were used for analysis. Multiple regression was utilized for analyses. Findings - Results confirm the results of previous studies. Furthermore, we found that CSR attributes (i.e., CSR fit, CSR sustainability, CSR impact) are important variables influencing brand attributes and the purchase intention of consumers. Namely, consumers perceived brand attitude positively according to the level of CSR attributes they associated with brands. Brand attitude also had a positive effect on purchase intention. In addition, brand attitude showed positive mediating effects between CSR attributes and purchase intention. Companies’ CSR activities are perceived as more genuine when they consistently perform these activities, have a great effect on social problem solving, and match with the corporate image. Research Implications - Based on these analyses, we have presented strategies and implications for CSR activities. Theoretically, this study contributes to the CSR theory by providing evidence that consumers’ detailed CSR attributes affect purchase intention through brand attitude. This study also provides strategic implications for business managers and policymakers by suggesting guidelines and strategies for CSR activities.
{"title":"The Effect of CSR Attributes on Purchase Intention in Both Korea and China","authors":"Jin-Sup Jung, Hui-fang Liu","doi":"10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.3.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.3.61","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - In this study, we explore the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) attributes on consumers’ brand attitudes and purchase intention in the electronic industry. We particularly drew implications by comparing Korea and China. \u0000Design/Methodology/Approach - The research model was established based on extant research. A survey was conducted that focused on consumers in the electronics industry. 212 questionnaires from Korea and 208 questionnaires from China were used for analysis. Multiple regression was utilized for analyses. \u0000Findings - Results confirm the results of previous studies. Furthermore, we found that CSR attributes (i.e., CSR fit, CSR sustainability, CSR impact) are important variables influencing brand attributes and the purchase intention of consumers. Namely, consumers perceived brand attitude positively according to the level of CSR attributes they associated with brands. Brand attitude also had a positive effect on purchase intention. In addition, brand attitude showed positive mediating effects between CSR attributes and purchase intention. Companies’ CSR activities are perceived as more genuine when they consistently perform these activities, have a great effect on social problem solving, and match with the corporate image. \u0000Research Implications - Based on these analyses, we have presented strategies and implications for CSR activities. Theoretically, this study contributes to the CSR theory by providing evidence that consumers’ detailed CSR attributes affect purchase intention through brand attitude. This study also provides strategic implications for business managers and policymakers by suggesting guidelines and strategies for CSR activities.","PeriodicalId":190222,"journal":{"name":"International Academy of Global Business and Trade","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126538879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.3.41
Jin－Cheol Bae, Xiyu Rong, Myung‐In Kim, Shiu-Mei Cheng
Purpose - We explore how corporate social responsibility (CSR) plays a role in the debt market when companies engage in real earnings management. Specifically, we analyze the cost of capital of a company with real earnings management as measured by abnormally operating cash flows, abnormally production costs and discretionary expenditures, and examine the role of CSR in the relationship. Design/Methodology/Approach - The analysis sample is for Chinese publicly listed companies, the data were obtained from China Stock Market and Accounting Research (CSMAR), and the CSR data were collected from the Hexun database. We implemented OLS regression analysis by setting the proxies of real earnings management as dependent variable, cost of debt capital as a dependent variable, and CSR as a moderating variable. Findings - Our empirical results show that real earnings management significantly increases the cost of debt after controlling for discretionary accruals, another proxy variable for earnings management. Especially, we find that corporate social responsibility weakens the negative impact of real earnings management on the cost of debt. Research Implications - This study provides evidence that corporate social responsibility plays a significant role in mitigating the adverse impact of real earnings management on the debt market. Therefore, creditors in the debt market need to be more cautious in assessing the impact of real earnings management that may be underestimated due to high CSR performance.
{"title":"Does CSR Affect the Impact of Real Earnings Management on the Cost of Debt?","authors":"Jin－Cheol Bae, Xiyu Rong, Myung‐In Kim, Shiu-Mei Cheng","doi":"10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.3.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.3.41","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - We explore how corporate social responsibility (CSR) plays a role in the debt market when companies engage in real earnings management. Specifically, we analyze the cost of capital of a company with real earnings management as measured by abnormally operating cash flows, abnormally production costs and discretionary expenditures, and examine the role of CSR in the relationship. \u0000Design/Methodology/Approach - The analysis sample is for Chinese publicly listed companies, the data were obtained from China Stock Market and Accounting Research (CSMAR), and the CSR data were collected from the Hexun database. We implemented OLS regression analysis by setting the proxies of real earnings management as dependent variable, cost of debt capital as a dependent variable, and CSR as a moderating variable. \u0000Findings - Our empirical results show that real earnings management significantly increases the cost of debt after controlling for discretionary accruals, another proxy variable for earnings management. Especially, we find that corporate social responsibility weakens the negative impact of real earnings management on the cost of debt. \u0000Research Implications - This study provides evidence that corporate social responsibility plays a significant role in mitigating the adverse impact of real earnings management on the debt market. Therefore, creditors in the debt market need to be more cautious in assessing the impact of real earnings management that may be underestimated due to high CSR performance.","PeriodicalId":190222,"journal":{"name":"International Academy of Global Business and Trade","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132002870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.3.1
H. Choi, Hyunjee Park
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to verify the effectiveness of various types of flexible work arrangements and to provide implications on financial performance. This study further examined the effects of flexible work arrangements on firm performance depending on the size of firms. Design/Methodology/Approach - Using the panel data collected from 2016 to 2018, the study performed multiple regression analyses to analyze the effects of introduction and practical utilization of flexible work arrangements on firm performance, respectively. This study used the panel data of flexible work arrangements from the Korean Women Manager Panel Survey by the Korean Women's Development Institute. Findings - We found that firm performance was not enhanced by mere introduction of flexible work arrangements. The empirical results provided evidence that the utilization of work from home positively affected firm performance, while the other flexible work arrangements did not have significant effects on firm performance. The findings were more evident in smaller companies, where the utilization of work from home was positively related to firm performance, and flexi-time was negatively related. For larger companies, flexible working hour utilization was positively related to firm performance. Research Implications - The use of flexible working hours could be of help for larger companies with relatively more rigid culture. Flexi-time utilization could sacrifice financial performance for smaller firms, implying that having core hours might be more crucial for these companies to prevent potential communication problems. The use of work from home may benefit smaller companies with relatively more compact teams or a simpler structure.
{"title":"Flexible Work Arrangements and Financial Performance in Korea","authors":"H. Choi, Hyunjee Park","doi":"10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20294/jgbt.2022.18.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to verify the effectiveness of various types of flexible work arrangements and to provide implications on financial performance. This study further examined the effects of flexible work arrangements on firm performance depending on the size of firms. \u0000Design/Methodology/Approach - Using the panel data collected from 2016 to 2018, the study performed multiple regression analyses to analyze the effects of introduction and practical utilization of flexible work arrangements on firm performance, respectively. This study used the panel data of flexible work arrangements from the Korean Women Manager Panel Survey by the Korean Women's Development Institute. \u0000Findings - We found that firm performance was not enhanced by mere introduction of flexible work arrangements. The empirical results provided evidence that the utilization of work from home positively affected firm performance, while the other flexible work arrangements did not have significant effects on firm performance. The findings were more evident in smaller companies, where the utilization of work from home was positively related to firm performance, and flexi-time was negatively related. For larger companies, flexible working hour utilization was positively related to firm performance. \u0000Research Implications - The use of flexible working hours could be of help for larger companies with relatively more rigid culture. Flexi-time utilization could sacrifice financial performance for smaller firms, implying that having core hours might be more crucial for these companies to prevent potential communication problems. The use of work from home may benefit smaller companies with relatively more compact teams or a simpler structure.","PeriodicalId":190222,"journal":{"name":"International Academy of Global Business and Trade","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131517034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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