Pub Date : 2024-08-22DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163964
JiHye Park, Qiaojun Hao, Da In Jeong, Hyun-Jin Kim, Sungyun Kim, Song Yi Lee, Seongnam Chu, Usok Hyun, Hyun-Jong Cho
Nanofiber (NF) membrane systems that can provide cascade catalytic reaction and ferroptosis induction were developed for oral cancer therapy. Glucose oxidase (GOx) and aminoferrocene (AF) were introduced into the NF system for glucose deprivation/H2O2 generation and OH radical generation, respectively. GOx offers starvation therapy and AF (including iron) provides chemodynamic therapy/ferroptosis for combating oral cancer. GOx (water-soluble) and AF (poorly water-soluble) molecules were successfully entrapped in the NF membrane via an electrospinning process. GOx and AF were incorporated into the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based NF, resulting in PVA/GOx/AF NF with fast disintegration and immediate drug-release properties. In oral squamous cell carcinoma (YD-9 cells), the PVA/GOx/AF NF group exhibited higher cytotoxicity, antiproliferation potential, cellular ROS level, apoptosis induction, lipid ROS level, and malondialdehyde level compared to the other NF groups. The electrospun PVA/GOx/AF NF can be directly applied to oral cancer without causing pain, offering starvation/chemodynamic therapy and ferroptosis induction.
{"title":"Cascade Hydroxyl Radical-Generating and Ferroptosis-Inducing Nanofiber System for the Therapy of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"JiHye Park, Qiaojun Hao, Da In Jeong, Hyun-Jin Kim, Sungyun Kim, Song Yi Lee, Seongnam Chu, Usok Hyun, Hyun-Jong Cho","doi":"10.3390/molecules29163964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29163964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanofiber (NF) membrane systems that can provide cascade catalytic reaction and ferroptosis induction were developed for oral cancer therapy. Glucose oxidase (GOx) and aminoferrocene (AF) were introduced into the NF system for glucose deprivation/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> generation and OH radical generation, respectively. GOx offers starvation therapy and AF (including iron) provides chemodynamic therapy/ferroptosis for combating oral cancer. GOx (water-soluble) and AF (poorly water-soluble) molecules were successfully entrapped in the NF membrane via an electrospinning process. GOx and AF were incorporated into the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based NF, resulting in PVA/GOx/AF NF with fast disintegration and immediate drug-release properties. In oral squamous cell carcinoma (YD-9 cells), the PVA/GOx/AF NF group exhibited higher cytotoxicity, antiproliferation potential, cellular ROS level, apoptosis induction, lipid ROS level, and malondialdehyde level compared to the other NF groups. The electrospun PVA/GOx/AF NF can be directly applied to oral cancer without causing pain, offering starvation/chemodynamic therapy and ferroptosis induction.</p>","PeriodicalId":19041,"journal":{"name":"Molecules","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-22DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163966
Zhi Lu, Shilin Li, Yuxin Wang, Jiefeng Wang, Yifan Guo, Jiaqi Ding, Kun Tang, Yingzi Ren, Long You, Hongbo Meng, Guangxin Wang
Water splitting is an important approach to hydrogen production. But the efficiency of the process is always controlled by the oxygen evolution reaction process. In this study, a three-dimensional nickel-molybdenum binary nanoarray microstructure electrocatalyst is successfully synthesized. It is grown uniformly on Ni foam using a hydrothermal method. Attributed to their unique nanostructure and controllable nature, the Ni-Mo-based nanoarray samples show superior reactivity and durability in oxygen evolution reactions. The series of Ni-Mo-based electrocatalysts presents a competitive overpotential of 296 mV at 10 mA·cm-2 for an OER in 1.0 M KOH, corresponding with a low Tafel slope of 121 mV dec-1. The three-dimensional nanostructure has a large double-layer capacitance and plenty of channels for ion transfer, which demonstrates more active sites and improved charge transmission. This study provides a valuable reference for the development of non-precious catalysts for water splitting.
水分裂是制氢的一种重要方法。但该过程的效率始终受到氧进化反应过程的控制。本研究成功合成了一种三维镍钼二元纳米阵列微结构电催化剂。它采用水热法在镍泡沫上均匀生长。由于其独特的纳米结构和可控性,镍钼基纳米阵列样品在氧进化反应中表现出卓越的反应活性和耐久性。该系列镍钼基电催化剂在 1.0 M KOH 中进行 OER 反应时,10 mA-cm-2 的竞争过电位为 296 mV,相应的塔菲尔斜率较低,为 121 mV dec-1。这种三维纳米结构具有较大的双层电容和大量的离子传输通道,这表明它具有更多的活性位点和更好的电荷传输。这项研究为开发用于水分离的非贵金属催化剂提供了有价值的参考。
{"title":"Nickel-Molybdenum-Based Three-Dimensional Nanoarrays for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Water Splitting.","authors":"Zhi Lu, Shilin Li, Yuxin Wang, Jiefeng Wang, Yifan Guo, Jiaqi Ding, Kun Tang, Yingzi Ren, Long You, Hongbo Meng, Guangxin Wang","doi":"10.3390/molecules29163966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29163966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Water splitting is an important approach to hydrogen production. But the efficiency of the process is always controlled by the oxygen evolution reaction process. In this study, a three-dimensional nickel-molybdenum binary nanoarray microstructure electrocatalyst is successfully synthesized. It is grown uniformly on Ni foam using a hydrothermal method. Attributed to their unique nanostructure and controllable nature, the Ni-Mo-based nanoarray samples show superior reactivity and durability in oxygen evolution reactions. The series of Ni-Mo-based electrocatalysts presents a competitive overpotential of 296 mV at 10 mA·cm<sup>-2</sup> for an OER in 1.0 M KOH, corresponding with a low Tafel slope of 121 mV dec<sup>-1</sup>. The three-dimensional nanostructure has a large double-layer capacitance and plenty of channels for ion transfer, which demonstrates more active sites and improved charge transmission. This study provides a valuable reference for the development of non-precious catalysts for water splitting.</p>","PeriodicalId":19041,"journal":{"name":"Molecules","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-22DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163974
Yangyang Li, Dan Zhang, Xiaoyuan Zeng, Cheng Liu, Yan Wu, Cuicui Fu
Foodborne mycotoxins (FBMTs) are toxins produced by food itself or during processing and transportation that pose an enormous threat to public health security. However, traditional instrumental and chemical methods for detecting toxins have shortcomings, such as high operational difficulty, time consumption, and high cost, that limit their large-scale applications. In recent years, aptamer-based biosensors have become a new tool for food safety risk assessment and monitoring due to their high affinity, good specificity, and fast response. In this review, we focus on the progress of single-mode and dual-mode aptasensors in basic research and device applications over recent years. Furthermore, we also point out some problems in the current detection strategies, with the aim of stimulating future toxin detection systems for a transition toward ease of operation and rapid detection.
{"title":"Advances in Aptamer-Based Biosensors for the Detection of Foodborne Mycotoxins.","authors":"Yangyang Li, Dan Zhang, Xiaoyuan Zeng, Cheng Liu, Yan Wu, Cuicui Fu","doi":"10.3390/molecules29163974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29163974","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Foodborne mycotoxins (FBMTs) are toxins produced by food itself or during processing and transportation that pose an enormous threat to public health security. However, traditional instrumental and chemical methods for detecting toxins have shortcomings, such as high operational difficulty, time consumption, and high cost, that limit their large-scale applications. In recent years, aptamer-based biosensors have become a new tool for food safety risk assessment and monitoring due to their high affinity, good specificity, and fast response. In this review, we focus on the progress of single-mode and dual-mode aptasensors in basic research and device applications over recent years. Furthermore, we also point out some problems in the current detection strategies, with the aim of stimulating future toxin detection systems for a transition toward ease of operation and rapid detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":19041,"journal":{"name":"Molecules","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11356850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-22DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163958
Ziad Moussa, Sara Saada, Alejandro Perez Paz, Ahmed Alzamly, Zaher M A Judeh, Aaesha R Alshehhi, Aisha Khudhair, Salama A Almheiri, Harbi Tomah Al-Masri, Saleh A Ahmed
Herein, we describe the first consistent regiospecific reaction of isothiocyanates with a variety of substituted N-arylcyanothioformamides in a 1:1 molar ratio to generate a series of imidazolidineiminodithiones decorated with a multitude of functional groups on both aromatic rings. The reaction is carried out at room temperature using a 20 mol% catalytic amount of triethylamine with DMF as the solvent to selectively form the mentioned products with exclusive regioselectivity. The methodology features wide substrate scope, no requirement for chromatography, and good to high reaction yields. The products were isolated by simple ether/brine extraction and the structures were verified by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and high accuracy mass measurements. The first conclusive molecular structure elucidation of the observed regioisomer was established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Likewise, the tautomer of the N-arylcyanothioformamide reactant was proven by X-ray diffraction analysis. Density functional theory computations at the B3LYP-D4/def2-TZVP level in implicit DMF solvent were conducted to support the noted regiochemical outcome and proposed mechanism.
{"title":"Exclusive Solvent-Controlled Regioselective Catalytic Synthesis of Potentially Bioactive Imidazolidineiminodithiones: NMR Analysis, Computational Studies and X-ray Crystal Structures.","authors":"Ziad Moussa, Sara Saada, Alejandro Perez Paz, Ahmed Alzamly, Zaher M A Judeh, Aaesha R Alshehhi, Aisha Khudhair, Salama A Almheiri, Harbi Tomah Al-Masri, Saleh A Ahmed","doi":"10.3390/molecules29163958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29163958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herein, we describe the first consistent regiospecific reaction of isothiocyanates with a variety of substituted <i>N</i>-arylcyanothioformamides in a 1:1 molar ratio to generate a series of imidazolidineiminodithiones decorated with a multitude of functional groups on both aromatic rings. The reaction is carried out at room temperature using a 20 mol% catalytic amount of triethylamine with DMF as the solvent to selectively form the mentioned products with exclusive regioselectivity. The methodology features wide substrate scope, no requirement for chromatography, and good to high reaction yields. The products were isolated by simple ether/brine extraction and the structures were verified by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and high accuracy mass measurements. The first conclusive molecular structure elucidation of the observed regioisomer was established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Likewise, the tautomer of the <i>N</i>-arylcyanothioformamide reactant was proven by X-ray diffraction analysis. Density functional theory computations at the B3LYP-D4/def2-TZVP level in implicit DMF solvent were conducted to support the noted regiochemical outcome and proposed mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":19041,"journal":{"name":"Molecules","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357535/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-22DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163968
Joanna Wojtacka
Natural products of bee origin, despite their complex composition and difficulties in standardization, have been of high interest among scientists representing various disciplines from basic sciences to industrial and practical implementation. As long as their use is monitored and they do not impact human health, they can be considered valuable sources of many chemical compounds and are potentially useful in medicine, food processing, nutrition, etc. However, apart from honey, the general turnover of bee products lacks precise and detailed legal requirements ensuring their quality. The different residues in these products constitute a problem, which has been reported in numerous studies. All products derived from beekeeping are made by bees, but they are also influenced by the environment. Such a dual pathway requires detailed surveillance of hazards stemming from outside and inside the apiary. This should be ensured via harmonized requirements arising from the binding legal acts, especially in international and intercontinental trade zones.
{"title":"The Chemical Residues in Secondary Beekeeping Products of Environmental Origin.","authors":"Joanna Wojtacka","doi":"10.3390/molecules29163968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29163968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Natural products of bee origin, despite their complex composition and difficulties in standardization, have been of high interest among scientists representing various disciplines from basic sciences to industrial and practical implementation. As long as their use is monitored and they do not impact human health, they can be considered valuable sources of many chemical compounds and are potentially useful in medicine, food processing, nutrition, etc. However, apart from honey, the general turnover of bee products lacks precise and detailed legal requirements ensuring their quality. The different residues in these products constitute a problem, which has been reported in numerous studies. All products derived from beekeeping are made by bees, but they are also influenced by the environment. Such a dual pathway requires detailed surveillance of hazards stemming from outside and inside the apiary. This should be ensured via harmonized requirements arising from the binding legal acts, especially in international and intercontinental trade zones.</p>","PeriodicalId":19041,"journal":{"name":"Molecules","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-22DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163963
Grzegorz Słowik, Marek Rotko, Janusz Ryczkowski, Magdalena Greluk
Fe-modified Cu catalysts with CeO2 support, prepared by the impregnation method, were subjected to physicochemical analysis and catalytic tests in the steam reforming of methanol (SRM). Physicochemical studies of the catalysts were carried out using the XRF, TEM, STEM-EDS, XRD, TPR and nitrogen adsorption/desorption methods. XRD, TEM studies and catalytic tests of the catalysts were carried out at two reduction temperatures, 260 °C and 400 °C, to determine the relationship between the form and oxidation state of the active phase of the catalysts and the catalytic properties of these systems in the SRM. Additionally, the catalysts after the reaction were analysed for the changes in the structure and morphology using TEM methods. The presented results show that the composition of the catalysts, morphology, structure, form and oxidation state of the Cu and Fe active metals in the catalysts and the reaction temperature significantly impact their activity, selectivity and stability in the SRM process. The gradual deactivation of the studied catalysts under SRM conditions could result from the forming of carbon deposits and/or the gradual oxidation of the copper and iron phases under the reaction conditions.
采用浸渍法制备了以 CeO2 为载体的铁改性铜催化剂,并对其进行了理化分析和甲醇蒸汽转化(SRM)催化试验。使用 XRF、TEM、STEM-EDS、XRD、TPR 和氮吸附/解吸方法对催化剂进行了物理化学研究。在 260 °C 和 400 °C 两种还原温度下对催化剂进行了 XRD、TEM 研究和催化测试,以确定催化剂活性相的形态和氧化态与这些体系在 SRM 中的催化特性之间的关系。此外,还使用 TEM 方法分析了反应后催化剂结构和形态的变化。研究结果表明,催化剂的组成、形态、结构、催化剂中 Cu 和 Fe 活性金属的形态和氧化态以及反应温度对 SRM 工艺中催化剂的活性、选择性和稳定性有显著影响。所研究的催化剂在 SRM 条件下逐渐失活的原因可能是碳沉积的形成和/或铜和铁相在反应条件下的逐渐氧化。
{"title":"Hydrogen Production from Methanol Steam Reforming over Fe-Modified Cu/CeO<sub>2</sub> Catalysts.","authors":"Grzegorz Słowik, Marek Rotko, Janusz Ryczkowski, Magdalena Greluk","doi":"10.3390/molecules29163963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29163963","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fe-modified Cu catalysts with CeO<sub>2</sub> support, prepared by the impregnation method, were subjected to physicochemical analysis and catalytic tests in the steam reforming of methanol (SRM). Physicochemical studies of the catalysts were carried out using the XRF, TEM, STEM-EDS, XRD, TPR and nitrogen adsorption/desorption methods. XRD, TEM studies and catalytic tests of the catalysts were carried out at two reduction temperatures, 260 °C and 400 °C, to determine the relationship between the form and oxidation state of the active phase of the catalysts and the catalytic properties of these systems in the SRM. Additionally, the catalysts after the reaction were analysed for the changes in the structure and morphology using TEM methods. The presented results show that the composition of the catalysts, morphology, structure, form and oxidation state of the Cu and Fe active metals in the catalysts and the reaction temperature significantly impact their activity, selectivity and stability in the SRM process. The gradual deactivation of the studied catalysts under SRM conditions could result from the forming of carbon deposits and/or the gradual oxidation of the copper and iron phases under the reaction conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19041,"journal":{"name":"Molecules","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-22DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163975
David Krüger, Alexander Weng, Daniel Baecker
The Chinese yam (Dioscorea polystachya, DP) is promising for the food and pharmaceutical industries due to its nutritional value and pharmaceutical potential. Its proper cultivation is therefore of interest. An insufficient supply of minerals necessary for plant growth can be manifested by discoloration of the leaves. In our earlier study, magnesium deficiency was excluded as a cause. As a follow-up, this work focused on manganese and molybdenum. To quantify both minerals in leaf extracts of DP, analytical methods based on atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) using the graphite furnace sub-technique were devised. The development revealed that the quantification of manganese works best without using any of the investigated modifiers. The optimized pyrolysis and atomization temperatures were 1300 °C and 1800 °C, respectively. For the analysis of molybdenum, calcium proved to be advantageous as a modifier. The optimum temperatures were 1900 °C and 2800 °C, respectively. Both methods showed satisfactory linearity for analysis. Thus, they were applied to quantify extracts from normal and discolored leaves of DP concerning the two minerals. It was found that discolored leaves had higher manganese levels and a lower molybdenum content. With these results, a potential explanation for the discoloration could be found.
{"title":"Investigating the Discoloration of Leaves of <i>Dioscorea polystachya</i> Using Developed Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Methods for Manganese and Molybdenum.","authors":"David Krüger, Alexander Weng, Daniel Baecker","doi":"10.3390/molecules29163975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29163975","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Chinese yam (<i>Dioscorea polystachya</i>, DP) is promising for the food and pharmaceutical industries due to its nutritional value and pharmaceutical potential. Its proper cultivation is therefore of interest. An insufficient supply of minerals necessary for plant growth can be manifested by discoloration of the leaves. In our earlier study, magnesium deficiency was excluded as a cause. As a follow-up, this work focused on manganese and molybdenum. To quantify both minerals in leaf extracts of DP, analytical methods based on atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) using the graphite furnace sub-technique were devised. The development revealed that the quantification of manganese works best without using any of the investigated modifiers. The optimized pyrolysis and atomization temperatures were 1300 °C and 1800 °C, respectively. For the analysis of molybdenum, calcium proved to be advantageous as a modifier. The optimum temperatures were 1900 °C and 2800 °C, respectively. Both methods showed satisfactory linearity for analysis. Thus, they were applied to quantify extracts from normal and discolored leaves of DP concerning the two minerals. It was found that discolored leaves had higher manganese levels and a lower molybdenum content. With these results, a potential explanation for the discoloration could be found.</p>","PeriodicalId":19041,"journal":{"name":"Molecules","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-22DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163979
Lin Ye, Lijun Song, Li Zhang, Ruiguo Cui
This study described the quality detection and rapid identification of frying oil waste points based on gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS). A total of 48 volatile substances were identified, among which the levels of 11 components, including 2-pentylfuran, 2-butylfuran, and 2-hexanone, increased with prolonged frying time after 40 h in cottonseed oil. Conversely, the levels of hexanal, heptanal, and E,E-2,4-heptadienal decreased as frying time extended. Correlation analysis revealed a significant association between volatile substances of the oil and acid value (p < 0.05) and polar components with volatile substances (p < 0.05). Furthermore, significant differences in the types and contents of flavor substances were observed in cottonseed oil at different frying times (including before and after reaching the discard point) (p < 0.05). Subsequently, principal component analysis (PCA) results clearly showed that the cottonseed oil samples at different frying times were well distinguished by the volatile compounds; moreover, discriminant model analysis indicated a model accuracy rate of 100%. These results showed the potential of GC-IMS-based approaches in discriminating the waste points of frying oil.
{"title":"Waste Point Identification of Frying Oil Based on Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry (GC-IMS).","authors":"Lin Ye, Lijun Song, Li Zhang, Ruiguo Cui","doi":"10.3390/molecules29163979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29163979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study described the quality detection and rapid identification of frying oil waste points based on gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS). A total of 48 volatile substances were identified, among which the levels of 11 components, including 2-pentylfuran, 2-butylfuran, and 2-hexanone, increased with prolonged frying time after 40 h in cottonseed oil. Conversely, the levels of hexanal, heptanal, and E,E-2,4-heptadienal decreased as frying time extended. Correlation analysis revealed a significant association between volatile substances of the oil and acid value (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and polar components with volatile substances (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, significant differences in the types and contents of flavor substances were observed in cottonseed oil at different frying times (including before and after reaching the discard point) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Subsequently, principal component analysis (PCA) results clearly showed that the cottonseed oil samples at different frying times were well distinguished by the volatile compounds; moreover, discriminant model analysis indicated a model accuracy rate of 100%. These results showed the potential of GC-IMS-based approaches in discriminating the waste points of frying oil.</p>","PeriodicalId":19041,"journal":{"name":"Molecules","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-22DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163978
Pengwei Fang, Qun Zhang, Can Zhou, Zhengming Yang, Hongwei Yu, Meng Du, Xinliang Chen, Yuxuan Song, Sicai Wang, Yuan Gao, Zhuoying Dou, Meiwen Cao
CO2-enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR) is a crucial method for CO2 utilization and sequestration, representing an important zero-carbon or even negative-carbon emission reduction technology. However, the low viscosity of CO2 and reservoir heterogeneity often result in early gas breakthrough, significantly reducing CO2 utilization and sequestration efficiency. A water-alternating-gas (WAG) injection is a technique for mitigating gas breakthrough and viscous fingering in CO2-EOR. However, it encounters challenges related to insufficient mobility control in highly heterogeneous and fractured reservoirs, resulting in gas channeling and low sweep efficiency. Despite the extensive application and research of a WAG injection in oil and gas reservoirs, the most recent comprehensive review dates back to 2018, which focuses on the mechanisms of EOR using conventional WAG. Herein, we give an updated and comprehensive review to incorporate the latest advancements in CO2-WAG flooding techniques for enhanced sweep efficiency, which includes the theory, applications, fluid displacement mechanisms, and control strategies of a CO2-WAG injection. It addresses common challenges, operational issues, and remedial measures in WAG projects by covering studies from experiments, simulations, and pore-scale modeling. This review aims to provide guidance and serve as a reference for the application and research advancement of CO2-EOR techniques in heterogeneous and fractured reservoirs.
{"title":"Chemical-Assisted CO<sub>2</sub> Water-Alternating-Gas Injection for Enhanced Sweep Efficiency in CO<sub>2</sub>-EOR.","authors":"Pengwei Fang, Qun Zhang, Can Zhou, Zhengming Yang, Hongwei Yu, Meng Du, Xinliang Chen, Yuxuan Song, Sicai Wang, Yuan Gao, Zhuoying Dou, Meiwen Cao","doi":"10.3390/molecules29163978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29163978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CO<sub>2</sub>-enhanced oil recovery (CO<sub>2</sub>-EOR) is a crucial method for CO<sub>2</sub> utilization and sequestration, representing an important zero-carbon or even negative-carbon emission reduction technology. However, the low viscosity of CO<sub>2</sub> and reservoir heterogeneity often result in early gas breakthrough, significantly reducing CO<sub>2</sub> utilization and sequestration efficiency. A water-alternating-gas (WAG) injection is a technique for mitigating gas breakthrough and viscous fingering in CO<sub>2</sub>-EOR. However, it encounters challenges related to insufficient mobility control in highly heterogeneous and fractured reservoirs, resulting in gas channeling and low sweep efficiency. Despite the extensive application and research of a WAG injection in oil and gas reservoirs, the most recent comprehensive review dates back to 2018, which focuses on the mechanisms of EOR using conventional WAG. Herein, we give an updated and comprehensive review to incorporate the latest advancements in CO<sub>2</sub>-WAG flooding techniques for enhanced sweep efficiency, which includes the theory, applications, fluid displacement mechanisms, and control strategies of a CO<sub>2</sub>-WAG injection. It addresses common challenges, operational issues, and remedial measures in WAG projects by covering studies from experiments, simulations, and pore-scale modeling. This review aims to provide guidance and serve as a reference for the application and research advancement of CO<sub>2</sub>-EOR techniques in heterogeneous and fractured reservoirs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19041,"journal":{"name":"Molecules","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11356827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thermoacid behavior of serpentinite from the Zhitikarinsky field (g. Zhitikara, Kazakhstan). The character of dissolution of heat-treated serpentinite in a narrow temperature range of 600-750 °C is investigated, where the crystal lattice of the structural structure of chrysotile in sulfuric acid is destroyed. The X-ray and chemical analysis of the products of dissolution of heat-treated serpentinite at 600 °C, 725 °C and 750 °C in sulfuric acid solution show that the reason for the increase in the reactivity of heat-treated serpentinite at 725 °C and 750 °C with respect to the acidic medium and the degree of magnesium extraction into sulfate solution is the formation of periclase (MgO) in the serpentinite composition after heat treatment of them within a temperature range of 600-750 °C. The results were discussed using data obtained by conducting a thermodynamic evaluation of probable reactions during the thermoacid treatment of serpentinite, phase compressions of heat-treated serpentinite at 600-750 °C, and after its acid treatment at 1.0 M H2SO4.
Zhitikarinsky 田(哈萨克斯坦,G. Zhitikara)蛇纹石的热酸行为。研究了在 600-750 °C 的狭窄温度范围内经过热处理的蛇纹石的溶解特性,在这一温度范围内,温石棉结构的晶格在硫酸中被破坏。对 600 ℃、725 ℃ 和 750 ℃ 热处理蛇纹石在硫酸溶液中的溶解产物进行的 X 射线和化学分析表明,725 ℃ 和 750 ℃ 热处理蛇纹石对酸性介质的反应性和镁被萃取到硫酸溶液中的程度增加的原因是,在 600-750 ℃ 的温度范围内对它们进行热处理后,在蛇纹石成分中形成了过氧化镁(MgO)。通过对蛇纹石热酸处理过程中可能发生的反应、600-750 ℃热处理蛇纹石的相压缩以及在 1.0 M H2SO4 酸处理后进行热力学评估所获得的数据,对结果进行了讨论。
{"title":"Thermoacid Behavior of Serpentinite of the Zhitikarinsky Deposit (Kazakhstan).","authors":"Abdrazak Auyeshov, Kazhymuhan Arynov, Chaizada Yeskibayeva, Kurmanbek Alzhanov, Yerkebulan Raiymbekov","doi":"10.3390/molecules29163965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29163965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thermoacid behavior of serpentinite from the Zhitikarinsky field (g. Zhitikara, Kazakhstan). The character of dissolution of heat-treated serpentinite in a narrow temperature range of 600-750 °C is investigated, where the crystal lattice of the structural structure of chrysotile in sulfuric acid is destroyed. The X-ray and chemical analysis of the products of dissolution of heat-treated serpentinite at 600 °C, 725 °C and 750 °C in sulfuric acid solution show that the reason for the increase in the reactivity of heat-treated serpentinite at 725 °C and 750 °C with respect to the acidic medium and the degree of magnesium extraction into sulfate solution is the formation of periclase (MgO) in the serpentinite composition after heat treatment of them within a temperature range of 600-750 °C. The results were discussed using data obtained by conducting a thermodynamic evaluation of probable reactions during the thermoacid treatment of serpentinite, phase compressions of heat-treated serpentinite at 600-750 °C, and after its acid treatment at 1.0 M H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>.</p>","PeriodicalId":19041,"journal":{"name":"Molecules","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}