Pub Date : 2022-12-01Epub Date: 2023-02-20DOI: 10.1177/01171968231154590
Rajni Singh, Navneet Manchanda, Rakesh Mishra
The education sector in India was among the most affected sectors during the COVID-19 pandemic. While considerable attention has been paid to informal workers' return or reverse migration to their home communities, not much has been reported about the challenges faced by migrant students. Using a mixed-method approach, the current study presents an overview of internal student migration in India prior to the COVID-19 pandemic using data from the 2001 and 2011 Census of India and the 2007-2008 National Sample Survey Organization, and discusses challenges faced by selected migrant learners during the COVID-19 pandemic based on primary research. Based on the census data, nearly 3.3 million migrants in India move for study reasons with 2.9 million migrating within the state (with the duration of residence less than five years) from their last residence within India. The pattern of female student migration suggests an increasingly localized interdistrict migration. Findings from the qualitative data indicate that during the pandemic, students had compromised learning and placement experience, inadequate digital resources and pressure to repay loans. Student migrants experienced varying degrees of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic based on their destination and migration stream.
{"title":"Internal student migration in India: Impact of the COVID-19 crisis.","authors":"Rajni Singh, Navneet Manchanda, Rakesh Mishra","doi":"10.1177/01171968231154590","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01171968231154590","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The education sector in India was among the most affected sectors during the COVID-19 pandemic. While considerable attention has been paid to informal workers' return or reverse migration to their home communities, not much has been reported about the challenges faced by migrant students. Using a mixed-method approach, the current study presents an overview of internal student migration in India prior to the COVID-19 pandemic using data from the 2001 and 2011 Census of India and the 2007-2008 National Sample Survey Organization, and discusses challenges faced by selected migrant learners during the COVID-19 pandemic based on primary research. Based on the census data, nearly 3.3 million migrants in India move for study reasons with 2.9 million migrating within the state (with the duration of residence less than five years) from their last residence within India. The pattern of female student migration suggests an increasingly localized interdistrict migration. Findings from the qualitative data indicate that during the pandemic, students had compromised learning and placement experience, inadequate digital resources and pressure to repay loans. Student migrants experienced varying degrees of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic based on their destination and migration stream.</p>","PeriodicalId":19061,"journal":{"name":"Nauka ta Innovacii","volume":"4 1","pages":"454-477"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9944466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89104531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. One of the key contradictions in the modern market relations is associated with the phenomena of deglobalization. It is the practice of the European Union with respect to supranational influence on fiscal relations of economic agents and the “trumponomics” that have confirmed the need to further increase the effectiveness of international tax and budget regulatory institutions. Problem Statement. The modern fiscal policy in market economies aims at regulating the distribution of resources between the private and public sectors with minimal impact of inflationary or deflationary fluctuations on the producer price index. Government actions that mobilize market potential shall include elements of fiscal reform related to a set of targeted measures to reduce the growth rate of the monetary aggregates. Purpose. To identify the main directions of a systemic strengthening of fiscal functions of governments, primarily, in countering the threats of destabilization in the presence of dynamic phenomena of globalization and their further multiplication. Мaterials and Мethods. The methods of position-time situational analysis and synthesis have been used; the dynamics of statistical macroeconomic indicators (GDP) within the framework of various systematic model assessments of the tax reform impact have been compared. Results. Both the positive and the negative experience of implementing programs for international financial institutions and governments of different countries aim at achieving the goals of full employment and sustainable development with the help of revenue and budgetary means of demand management and established monetary leverages have been considered. Recommendations for improvement of regulatory fiscal effects on Ukraine’s socio-economic system (SES) stability growth have been justified in the light of current trends of change management. Conclusions. Rational tax policy shall provide for the improvement of legislative mechanisms in combination with the formation and use of costs, stimulating the saving of resources with a view to their best practical use. In the context of globalization and increasing threats of information asymmetry with the existence of various technological paradigms in the SES, regulations shall be based on establishing transparent “game rules”. Mandatory payments shall come from sources of business income rather than from capital, because the use of the latter for paying taxes is contrary to the interests of investors and the goals of sustainable growth.
{"title":"Fiscal Regulation of National Economies' Sustainable Growth","authors":"T. Iefymenko","doi":"10.15407/scin16.05.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/scin16.05.021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. One of the key contradictions in the modern market relations is associated with the phenomena of deglobalization. It is the practice of the European Union with respect to supranational influence on fiscal relations of economic agents and the “trumponomics” that have confirmed the need to further increase the effectiveness of international tax and budget regulatory institutions. Problem Statement. The modern fiscal policy in market economies aims at regulating the distribution of resources between the private and public sectors with minimal impact of inflationary or deflationary fluctuations on the producer price index. Government actions that mobilize market potential shall include elements of fiscal reform related to a set of targeted measures to reduce the growth rate of the monetary aggregates. Purpose. To identify the main directions of a systemic strengthening of fiscal functions of governments, primarily, in countering the threats of destabilization in the presence of dynamic phenomena of globalization and their further multiplication. Мaterials and Мethods. The methods of position-time situational analysis and synthesis have been used; the dynamics of statistical macroeconomic indicators (GDP) within the framework of various systematic model assessments of the tax reform impact have been compared. Results. Both the positive and the negative experience of implementing programs for international financial institutions and governments of different countries aim at achieving the goals of full employment and sustainable development with the help of revenue and budgetary means of demand management and established monetary leverages have been considered. Recommendations for improvement of regulatory fiscal effects on Ukraine’s socio-economic system (SES) stability growth have been justified in the light of current trends of change management. Conclusions. Rational tax policy shall provide for the improvement of legislative mechanisms in combination with the formation and use of costs, stimulating the saving of resources with a view to their best practical use. In the context of globalization and increasing threats of information asymmetry with the existence of various technological paradigms in the SES, regulations shall be based on establishing transparent “game rules”. Mandatory payments shall come from sources of business income rather than from capital, because the use of the latter for paying taxes is contrary to the interests of investors and the goals of sustainable growth.","PeriodicalId":19061,"journal":{"name":"Nauka ta Innovacii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66981650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Information Model of the Process of Lifting Long Span Roof","authors":"A. Osipov, K. Chernenko","doi":"10.15407/scin16.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/scin16.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19061,"journal":{"name":"Nauka ta Innovacii","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45328343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Forostyana, H. M. Mykhailova, V. V. Osiievska, N. Marchuk
{"title":"Study of Thermal Conductivity Character of Natural and Chemical Textile Fillers for Blankets Production","authors":"N. Forostyana, H. M. Mykhailova, V. V. Osiievska, N. Marchuk","doi":"10.15407/scin16.04.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/scin16.04.036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19061,"journal":{"name":"Nauka ta Innovacii","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49101280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Buyun, R. Ivannikov, V. Yakymets, R.S. Stepankov, I. Kharitonova, A. Kozhokaru
{"title":"Phytomodule Cluster as a Structural Element of Indoor Area of Various Functional Purpose","authors":"L. Buyun, R. Ivannikov, V. Yakymets, R.S. Stepankov, I. Kharitonova, A. Kozhokaru","doi":"10.15407/scin16.04.087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/scin16.04.087","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19061,"journal":{"name":"Nauka ta Innovacii","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43492637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Kolomiets, O. Shkurat, S. Kravchenko, R. Lopatkin, I. Chyzhov, P. Samoilov, Y. Pavlenko, M. Melnyk, O. I. Honcharenko
{"title":"The Vacuum Device for Receiving Coatings on the Inner Surface of the Pipes by Magnetron Sputtering","authors":"V. Kolomiets, O. Shkurat, S. Kravchenko, R. Lopatkin, I. Chyzhov, P. Samoilov, Y. Pavlenko, M. Melnyk, O. I. Honcharenko","doi":"10.15407/scin16.04.053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/scin16.04.053","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19061,"journal":{"name":"Nauka ta Innovacii","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43924870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"System Cryogenic Supply Cryomagnetic Complex KMK–1000 on the Basis of Micro-Cryogenic Systems of Closed Cicle","authors":"A. G. Demishev","doi":"10.15407/scin16.04.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/scin16.04.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19061,"journal":{"name":"Nauka ta Innovacii","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42757913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Nebesny, G. Grodzynska, A. I. Samchuk, S. Dugin, H. Honchar
{"title":"Spectrophotometric Express Method in Bioindication of Park Ecosystems","authors":"V. Nebesny, G. Grodzynska, A. I. Samchuk, S. Dugin, H. Honchar","doi":"10.15407/scin16.04.078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/scin16.04.078","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19061,"journal":{"name":"Nauka ta Innovacii","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47878203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Polishсhuk, S. Shvorov, S. Tarasenko, I. Antypov
цитування: Polishсhuk V.M., shvorov s.A., Tarasenko s.Ye., and Antypov i.o. increasing the Biogas release During the Cattle Manure Fermentation by Means of rational Addition of substandard Flour as a Cosubstrate. Nauka innov. 2020. V. 16, no. 4. р. 25—35. https://doi.org/10.15407/scin16.04.025 Introduction. The processing of livestock waste and agricultural production enables not only improving environmental safety, but also obtaining energy resources. Problem Statement. Cow manure is used to produce biogas, but its yield is relatively low. One way to increase biogas yield is the joint fermentation of cow manure with substandard flour, which cannot be used as human food and as feed for farm animals. However, the flour content in the substrate, at which the biogas yield is maximum and there is no inhibition of the methane fermentation process, is not a solved issue. Purpose. Increase biogas yield by adding substandard flour to a cow manure-based substrate. Materials and Methods. Research of biogas yield during methane fermentation of substrate based on cow manure with the addition of substandard flour was carried out on a biogas plant consisting of a methane tank with a working volume of 30 l and wet gasholder at periodic substrate loading and fermentation temperature 35 °C. The portion of the substrate included 1.7 kg of manure, 2.5 kg of water and 50, 100, 250 or 500 g of flour. The composition of flour in the substrate was 1.2%, 2.3%, 5.6% and 10.6%. The dichotomy method was used to determine the optimal flour content in the substrate, provided the maximum biogas yield. Results. The maximum biomethane release is 14.3 l/kg dry organic matter (DOM), at 1.2% of the flour content in the substrate; 20.9 l/kg DOM, at 2.3%; 19.2 l/kg DOM, at 5.6%. At a content of 10.6% flour in the substrate, the biogas did not burn, fermentation quickly stopped. The optimum flour content in the substrate based on cow manure, in which the biogas yield increases 1.5 times, is 3.7%. Conclusions. Based on the conducted experimental studies, a model of biogas yield with gradual loading of the substrate was built and the optimal flour content in the substrate was determined, at which the maximum biogas yield is provided.
{"title":"Increasing the Bio Gas Release During the Cattle Manure Fermentation by Means the Rational Addition of Substandard Flour as a Cosubstrate","authors":"V. Polishсhuk, S. Shvorov, S. Tarasenko, I. Antypov","doi":"10.15407/scin16.04.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/scin16.04.025","url":null,"abstract":"цитування: Polishсhuk V.M., shvorov s.A., Tarasenko s.Ye., and Antypov i.o. increasing the Biogas release During the Cattle Manure Fermentation by Means of rational Addition of substandard Flour as a Cosubstrate. Nauka innov. 2020. V. 16, no. 4. р. 25—35. https://doi.org/10.15407/scin16.04.025 Introduction. The processing of livestock waste and agricultural production enables not only improving environmental safety, but also obtaining energy resources. Problem Statement. Cow manure is used to produce biogas, but its yield is relatively low. One way to increase biogas yield is the joint fermentation of cow manure with substandard flour, which cannot be used as human food and as feed for farm animals. However, the flour content in the substrate, at which the biogas yield is maximum and there is no inhibition of the methane fermentation process, is not a solved issue. Purpose. Increase biogas yield by adding substandard flour to a cow manure-based substrate. Materials and Methods. Research of biogas yield during methane fermentation of substrate based on cow manure with the addition of substandard flour was carried out on a biogas plant consisting of a methane tank with a working volume of 30 l and wet gasholder at periodic substrate loading and fermentation temperature 35 °C. The portion of the substrate included 1.7 kg of manure, 2.5 kg of water and 50, 100, 250 or 500 g of flour. The composition of flour in the substrate was 1.2%, 2.3%, 5.6% and 10.6%. The dichotomy method was used to determine the optimal flour content in the substrate, provided the maximum biogas yield. Results. The maximum biomethane release is 14.3 l/kg dry organic matter (DOM), at 1.2% of the flour content in the substrate; 20.9 l/kg DOM, at 2.3%; 19.2 l/kg DOM, at 5.6%. At a content of 10.6% flour in the substrate, the biogas did not burn, fermentation quickly stopped. The optimum flour content in the substrate based on cow manure, in which the biogas yield increases 1.5 times, is 3.7%. Conclusions. Based on the conducted experimental studies, a model of biogas yield with gradual loading of the substrate was built and the optimal flour content in the substrate was determined, at which the maximum biogas yield is provided.","PeriodicalId":19061,"journal":{"name":"Nauka ta Innovacii","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46367477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Nuradinov, A. Nogovitsyn, I. Nuradinov, N.F. Zubenina, K. Sirenko
{"title":"Research of Possibility of Control of the Formation of Crystal structure of Metal Alloys","authors":"A. Nuradinov, A. Nogovitsyn, I. Nuradinov, N.F. Zubenina, K. Sirenko","doi":"10.15407/scin16.04.071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/scin16.04.071","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19061,"journal":{"name":"Nauka ta Innovacii","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42671256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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