Nature Communications最新文献

Lake eutrophication is increasingly shaped by climate extremes, but how short-lived events yield persistent blooms remains unclear. Using global satellite records and laboratory and field experiments, here we show that heatwaves and extreme precipitation drive bloom dynamics beyond gradual warming. In harmful bloom-forming algae (HBFA), heatwaves trigger oxidative stress that rapidly induces intracellular polyphosphate and stabilisomes, dense polyphosphate-rich organelles. As intracellular ballast, stabilisomes drive downward migration, enabling access to sediment-derived phosphorus while avoiding thermal stress; CO₂ depletion elevates pH and reinforces a thermo-alkaline cascade amplification effect. Extreme precipitation delivers pulsed phosphorus inputs that are stored as intracellular polyphosphate, creating long-lived phosphorus reserves that prime later heatwaves. When precipitation pulses precede heatwaves, stabilisome formation, vertical migration, and bloom expansion are amplified, even in oligotrophic lakes. Compound climate extremes thus convert episodic disturbances into sustained ecological advantages, challenging nutrient-centric models and redefining bloom-risk prediction and management.

Aqueous photocatalytic CH₄ oxidation offers a promising route for converting natural gas into oxygenates, a process governed by multi-electron and proton transfer at the catalyst-water interface. Here, we demonstrate that spatially confining water within Au/TiO₂@pSiO₂ core-shell catalysts-by reducing silica pore size to 1.7 nm-increases CH₄ conversion three-fold and H₂O₂ production 22-fold compared to Au/TiO₂. This strategy is generalizable to other semiconductors and cocatalysts, with Pt/TiO₂@pSiO₂-1.7 exhibiting oxygenate yields of 32.7 mmol g^-1 h^-1 and a 14.1% apparent quantum yield at 365 nm. Spectroscopic studies and molecular dynamics simulations reveal that water confined within pores, with a weakened hydrogen-bonding network, alters proton-coupled electron transfer pathways. Water oxidation transits to a concerted pathway, favoring •OH production for CH₄ conversion, while oxygen reduction shifts to a two-electron process, directly producing H₂O₂. This work highlights the potential of water confinement for designing efficient photocatalysts for CH₄ conversion.

Fiber represents a transformative architecture for next-generation wearable electronics, owing to its intrinsic flexibility, spatial compactness, and manufacturing adaptability. However, the geometric incompatibility between curved fiber substrates and conventional planar photolithography/printing techniques has hindered the fabrication of high-density microcircuits on fibers. Here, we introduce a shrinkage-transfer-assisted printing (STAP) strategy that bridges 2D planar circuit fabrication and 1D fiber device construction by shrinking fluidic eutectic gallium-indium (EGaIn) circuits and transferring them onto curved fiber surfaces. This approach achieves a shrinkage ratio of up to 80% with a resolution of 60 μm via scalable screen printing, and employs a capillary-driven transfer process to realize 360° conformal coverage of circuits on fibers. The resulting fiber devices exhibit mechanical robustness over 16,000 bending cycles. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate an electroluminescent fiber display system with individually addressable pixels. This work provides a versatile strategy for manufacturing microcircuits on curved fiber surfaces, opening a route toward scalable and multifunctional fiber electronics.

Corals form their reef-building aragonite (CaCO₃) skeletons via transient precursor phases yet understanding of the dynamics of these early-stage transformations remains incomplete. Using time-independent myriad mapping (MM) at 50 nm resolution, we map five mineral phases near the skeleton surface of Stylophora pistillata corals grown in varying seawater pH. All precursors, crystalline and amorphous, exhibit a consistent exponential decay from the growth front, with a shared decay length of 0.7 ± 0.1 μm, independent of time, phase, or pH. This spatial decay, paired with the constant growth rate of the skeleton, reveals a decay time of 5.1 ± 0.5 minutes. The dominant precursor is not amorphous but crystalline: calcium carbonate hemihydrate (CCHH, CaCO₃·½H₂O). These results suggest that exponential crystallization kinetics govern coral biomineralization and may be a widespread feature in biogenic, geologic, and synthetic systems-traceable long after initial mineral deposition.