Pub Date : 2026-02-21DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-69847-6
Zehou Li, Hao Liu, Xu Dong, Xiangang Hu
{"title":"Decreases in South Pacific and South Atlantic sea-air CO2 fluxes caused by extreme precipitation","authors":"Zehou Li, Hao Liu, Xu Dong, Xiangang Hu","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-69847-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-69847-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146260812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-21DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-69826-x
Carolin L. Dreher, Olaf A. Cirpka, Manuel Schad, Kurt O. Konhauser, Andreas Kappler
Banded iron formations (BIF) were deposited abundantly between 2.7-2.4 Ga from iron- and silica-rich oceans, with cyanobacterial oxygen (O 2 ) as a possible oxidant for Fe(II) (aq) oxidation and Fe(III) oxyhydroxide precipitation. However, toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) from Fe(II)/O 2 interactions might have inhibited cyanobacterial growth, contributing to the delay between cyanobacterial evolution (>3.0 Ga) and the Great Oxidation Event (2.5 Ga). Here, we explored the impact of Fe(II) (aq) and SiO 2(aq) on Synechococcus sp . PCC 7002. High Fe(II) (aq) ( > 500 µM) increased ROS formation, but elevated SiO 2(aq) (2200 µM) suppressed ROS formation, promoting growth and O 2 production. Diel light cycles further reduced ROS formation compared to continuous illumination. Modelling O 2 distribution based on experimental rates revealed oxygenated surface waters at relevant upwelling rates. Together, our results indicate that high SiO 2(aq) and day-night-light cycles in Archean oceans mitigated ROS stress, enabling cyanobacterial proliferation and enhancing their role in Earth’s oxygenation and BIF deposition.
{"title":"Survival of cyanobacteria and mitigation of Fe(II) toxicity effects in a silica-rich Archean ocean","authors":"Carolin L. Dreher, Olaf A. Cirpka, Manuel Schad, Kurt O. Konhauser, Andreas Kappler","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-69826-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-69826-x","url":null,"abstract":"Banded iron formations (BIF) were deposited abundantly between 2.7-2.4 Ga from iron- and silica-rich oceans, with cyanobacterial oxygen (O <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> ) as a possible oxidant for Fe(II) <jats:sub>(aq)</jats:sub> oxidation and Fe(III) oxyhydroxide precipitation. However, toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) from Fe(II)/O <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> interactions might have inhibited cyanobacterial growth, contributing to the delay between cyanobacterial evolution (>3.0 Ga) and the Great Oxidation Event (2.5 Ga). Here, we explored the impact of Fe(II) <jats:sub>(aq)</jats:sub> and SiO <jats:sub>2(aq)</jats:sub> on <jats:italic>Synechococcus sp</jats:italic> . PCC 7002. High Fe(II) <jats:sub>(aq)</jats:sub> ( > 500 µM) increased ROS formation, but elevated SiO <jats:sub>2(aq)</jats:sub> (2200 µM) suppressed ROS formation, promoting growth and O <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> production. Diel light cycles further reduced ROS formation compared to continuous illumination. Modelling O <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> distribution based on experimental rates revealed oxygenated surface waters at relevant upwelling rates. Together, our results indicate that high SiO <jats:sub>2(aq)</jats:sub> and day-night-light cycles in Archean oceans mitigated ROS stress, enabling cyanobacterial proliferation and enhancing their role in Earth’s oxygenation and BIF deposition.","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":"332 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146260772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-21DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-69734-0
Chae-Won Kim, Jae-Hee Ahn, Bo Ra Lee, Hong Min Kim, Youngjoo Han, Jae-Hyeon Jeong, Jaewon Cho, Hyunjin Jeong, Dae-Joon Kim, Seong-Eun Kim, Jeon-Kyung Kim, Yu-Bin Lee, Su Min Kim, Hye Hyun Yoo, Eun Hye Lee, Su Ryeon Seo, Kyung Bong Ha, Eun Soo Lee, Mi-Na Kweon, Hong Pyo Kim, Sun-Young Chang, Choon Hee Chung, Hyun-Jeong Ko
Metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes are influenced by glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), which regulates insulin secretion. Interleukin (IL)−22 maintains intestinal barrier function, yet its role in metabolic regulation remains unclear. Here, we show that intestinal IL-22 deficiency reduces GLP-1 production and impairs glucose tolerance in high-fat diet–fed male mice, whereas long-term IL-22 administration restores GLP-1 levels, improves glucose tolerance, and normalizes insulin secretion and pancreatic islet size. IL-22 activates STAT3 binding to the Gcg promoter, indicating a direct role in GLP-1 induction. Butyrate supplementation increased IL-22 levels and enhanced GLP-1 production in an IL-22R–dependent manner, suggesting that microbial metabolites contribute to IL-22–mediated metabolic regulation. Direct IL-22 administration elevated circulating GLP-1 and improved glucose intolerance, while GLP-1 agonist treatment rescued metabolic defects associated with reduced IL-22 signaling. Conversely, the GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin-9-39 abolished the glucose-lowering effects of IL-22, demonstrating that IL-22 acts primarily through GLP-1–dependent pathways. These findings identify IL-22 as an important regulator of intestinal GLP-1 production and glucose homeostasis during diet-induced obesity and highlight IL-22–GLP-1 signaling as a potential therapeutic axis for metabolic disorders.
{"title":"Intestinal interleukin-22 enhances GLP-1 production via the STAT3 pathway to improve glucose homeostasis during high-fat diet induced obesity in a study with male mice","authors":"Chae-Won Kim, Jae-Hee Ahn, Bo Ra Lee, Hong Min Kim, Youngjoo Han, Jae-Hyeon Jeong, Jaewon Cho, Hyunjin Jeong, Dae-Joon Kim, Seong-Eun Kim, Jeon-Kyung Kim, Yu-Bin Lee, Su Min Kim, Hye Hyun Yoo, Eun Hye Lee, Su Ryeon Seo, Kyung Bong Ha, Eun Soo Lee, Mi-Na Kweon, Hong Pyo Kim, Sun-Young Chang, Choon Hee Chung, Hyun-Jeong Ko","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-69734-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-69734-0","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes are influenced by glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), which regulates insulin secretion. Interleukin (IL)−22 maintains intestinal barrier function, yet its role in metabolic regulation remains unclear. Here, we show that intestinal IL-22 deficiency reduces GLP-1 production and impairs glucose tolerance in high-fat diet–fed male mice, whereas long-term IL-22 administration restores GLP-1 levels, improves glucose tolerance, and normalizes insulin secretion and pancreatic islet size. IL-22 activates STAT3 binding to the <jats:italic>Gcg</jats:italic> promoter, indicating a direct role in GLP-1 induction. Butyrate supplementation increased IL-22 levels and enhanced GLP-1 production in an IL-22R–dependent manner, suggesting that microbial metabolites contribute to IL-22–mediated metabolic regulation. Direct IL-22 administration elevated circulating GLP-1 and improved glucose intolerance, while GLP-1 agonist treatment rescued metabolic defects associated with reduced IL-22 signaling. Conversely, the GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin-9-39 abolished the glucose-lowering effects of IL-22, demonstrating that IL-22 acts primarily through GLP-1–dependent pathways. These findings identify IL-22 as an important regulator of intestinal GLP-1 production and glucose homeostasis during diet-induced obesity and highlight IL-22–GLP-1 signaling as a potential therapeutic axis for metabolic disorders.","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146260773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-21DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-69138-0
J. Abraham Avelar-Rivas, Iván Sedeño, Luis F. García-Ortega, Jose A. Urban Aragon, Claudio López-Gallegos, Xitlali Aguirre-Dugua, Eugenio Mancera, Alexander DeLuna, Lucia Morales
From yeasts to humans, introgressive hybridization significantly influences the evolutionary history of living organisms by introducing new genetic diversity. Strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae worldwide exhibit introgressions from the sister species S. paradoxus , despite the average sequence identity between these species being lower than 90%. While S. cerevisiae isolates from the Neotropics are known for their high levels of introgression, the hybridization events originating them remain unclear. Here, we sequence 216 S. cerevisiae isolates from open, spontaneous agave fermentation across Mexico. The genomes of these strains reveal considerable genetic diversity and population structure linked to geographic distribution, which had been overlooked due to undersampling of this megadiverse region. These strains, along with those from French Guiana, Ecuador, and Brazil, form a broader Neotropical phylogenetic cluster that is notably enriched in introgressions. Surprisingly, their origins and the observed conservation patterns of these introgressions indicate multiple hybridization events, suggesting flexible species barriers in this region. Our findings underscore concurrent evolutionary processes—geographical stratification and multiple introgressions—that shape the genomes of a diverse lineage of S. cerevisiae . Neotropical yeasts thus provide a natural laboratory for exploring the mechanisms and adaptive significance of introgressive hybridization in eukaryotic genome evolution.
{"title":"Recurrent introgression and geographical stratification shape Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the Neotropics","authors":"J. Abraham Avelar-Rivas, Iván Sedeño, Luis F. García-Ortega, Jose A. Urban Aragon, Claudio López-Gallegos, Xitlali Aguirre-Dugua, Eugenio Mancera, Alexander DeLuna, Lucia Morales","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-69138-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-69138-0","url":null,"abstract":"From yeasts to humans, introgressive hybridization significantly influences the evolutionary history of living organisms by introducing new genetic diversity. Strains of <jats:italic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</jats:italic> worldwide exhibit introgressions from the sister species <jats:italic>S. paradoxus</jats:italic> , despite the average sequence identity between these species being lower than 90%. While <jats:italic>S. cerevisiae</jats:italic> isolates from the Neotropics are known for their high levels of introgression, the hybridization events originating them remain unclear. Here, we sequence 216 <jats:italic>S. cerevisiae</jats:italic> isolates from open, spontaneous agave fermentation across Mexico. The genomes of these strains reveal considerable genetic diversity and population structure linked to geographic distribution, which had been overlooked due to undersampling of this megadiverse region. These strains, along with those from French Guiana, Ecuador, and Brazil, form a broader Neotropical phylogenetic cluster that is notably enriched in introgressions. Surprisingly, their origins and the observed conservation patterns of these introgressions indicate multiple hybridization events, suggesting flexible species barriers in this region. Our findings underscore concurrent evolutionary processes—geographical stratification and multiple introgressions—that shape the genomes of a diverse lineage of <jats:italic>S. cerevisiae</jats:italic> . Neotropical yeasts thus provide a natural laboratory for exploring the mechanisms and adaptive significance of introgressive hybridization in eukaryotic genome evolution.","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146260774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-21DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-69813-2
Fang He, Shuye Ying, Haiyu Liu, Quan Wan, Yajun Shuai, Jie Wang, Ming Liu, Mingying Yang, Zongpu Xu
{"title":"A strategy for biomass-derived matrix with facile moulding and closed-loop recycling capabilities","authors":"Fang He, Shuye Ying, Haiyu Liu, Quan Wan, Yajun Shuai, Jie Wang, Ming Liu, Mingying Yang, Zongpu Xu","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-69813-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-69813-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":"226 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146260785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-21DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-69726-0
Wei Zhang, Yi-Xiang Chen, Rex N Taylor, Ding-Sheng Jiang, Fang Huang
The transport of subducted slab materials to the overlying mantle plays a crucial role in arc magma formation. However, the contributions of aqueous fluids, hydrous melts, or mélange to the convective mantle remain controversial due to the lack of definitive fingerprints for these materials. Here, we report the Ba isotope composition of lavas from a typical cold-slab arc, the Izu arc, to resolve the recycled materials in the source of arc magmas. δ138/134Ba of the arc lavas show an across-arc decrease corresponding to increasing depth and positively correlates with both 87Sr/86Sr and 143Nd/144Nd. Across-arc variations of both δ138/134Ba and Ba/Th ratios support that high Ba/Th in the Izu and other arc magmas originated from slab-derived fluids rather than melts. Quantitative mixing modeling, involving contributions from mélange followed by slab-derived fluids in successive stages, provides a coherent explanation for Ba-Sr-Nd isotopic signatures observed in lavas from cold arcs. Our work reveals the combined role of slab-derived fluids and mélange diapir melting in arc magma formation.
{"title":"Arc magma formation through the fluid-fluxed mélange melting in subduction zones.","authors":"Wei Zhang, Yi-Xiang Chen, Rex N Taylor, Ding-Sheng Jiang, Fang Huang","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-69726-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-69726-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The transport of subducted slab materials to the overlying mantle plays a crucial role in arc magma formation. However, the contributions of aqueous fluids, hydrous melts, or mélange to the convective mantle remain controversial due to the lack of definitive fingerprints for these materials. Here, we report the Ba isotope composition of lavas from a typical cold-slab arc, the Izu arc, to resolve the recycled materials in the source of arc magmas. δ<sup>138/134</sup>Ba of the arc lavas show an across-arc decrease corresponding to increasing depth and positively correlates with both <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr and <sup>143</sup>Nd/<sup>144</sup>Nd. Across-arc variations of both δ<sup>138/134</sup>Ba and Ba/Th ratios support that high Ba/Th in the Izu and other arc magmas originated from slab-derived fluids rather than melts. Quantitative mixing modeling, involving contributions from mélange followed by slab-derived fluids in successive stages, provides a coherent explanation for Ba-Sr-Nd isotopic signatures observed in lavas from cold arcs. Our work reveals the combined role of slab-derived fluids and mélange diapir melting in arc magma formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146258706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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