Pub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-07-18DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01181-2
Azita Dehghan, Mahsa Safa
Herbivorous insects depend on the host plant to optimize their overall reproductive success, and balanced fertilization may alter the plant's quality against herbivory. Life history traits of the Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) were determined under laboratory conditions using either unfertilized and fertilized plants of bean [Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Fabaceae)], chrysanthemum [Chrysanthemum × morifolium (Asteraceae)], potato [Solanum tuberosum (Solanaceae)], bell pepper [Capsicum annuum (Solanaceae)], and tomato [Solanum lycopersicum (Solanaceae)]. Results indicated that L. trifolii completed development on all studied unfertilized and fertilized plants. Nevertheless, a higher performance of the leaf miner was observed on bean and bell pepper plants compared to the other plants. Furthermore, there was an interaction of the host plant and fertilization with Calcium Aria or Sitam negatively affecting the fitness-related traits of the leaf miner. Application of these fertilizers resulted in delayed immature development of L. trifolii, decreased survival rate, and reduced adult longevity and fecundity. The activity of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) enzymes, as well as phenolic, flavonoid, and lignin content were higher in Calcium Aria + Sitam fertilized plants, intermediate in Calcium Aria and Sitam treated plants, and the lower in unfertilized plants. The development and survival of L. trifolii on different host plants, considering fertilization options, become important for deploying cultural control practices against this important pest species.
食草昆虫依赖寄主植物来优化其整体繁殖成功率,而均衡施肥可能会改变植物的质量,使其免受食草昆虫的侵害。在实验室条件下,使用未施肥和已施肥的豆科植物[Phaseolus vulgaris L. (豆科植物)]、菊科植物[Chryshemum L. (菊科植物)]和[Phaseolus vulgaris L. (豆科植物)]植物,测定了三叶蓟马(Liriomyza trifolii,Burgess)的生活史特征。(菊花 × morifolium(菊科)]、马铃薯[Solanum tuberosum(茄科)]、甜椒[Capsicum annuum(茄科)]和番茄[Solanum lycopersicum(茄科)]。结果表明,L. trifolii 在所有研究的未施肥和施肥植株上都完成了发育。不过,与其他植物相比,菜豆和甜椒植株上的潜叶蝇表现更强。此外,寄主植物与施用钙咏叹调或西塔姆肥料之间存在相互作用,对潜叶蝇的适应性相关性状产生了负面影响。施用这些肥料会导致 L. trifolii 的未成熟发育延迟、存活率下降、成虫寿命和繁殖力降低。钙咏叹调+西坦姆施肥植株的肉桂醇脱氢酶(CAD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)和苯丙氨酸氨化酶(PAL)活性以及酚类、黄酮类和木质素含量较高,钙咏叹调和西坦姆处理植株居中,未施肥植株较低。考虑到施肥方案,三叶蓟马在不同寄主植物上的发育和存活情况对于针对这种重要害虫采取文化控制措施非常重要。
{"title":"Host Plants and Fertilization Mediated Life History of American Serpentine Leaf Miner, Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) (Diptera: Agromyzidae).","authors":"Azita Dehghan, Mahsa Safa","doi":"10.1007/s13744-024-01181-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13744-024-01181-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herbivorous insects depend on the host plant to optimize their overall reproductive success, and balanced fertilization may alter the plant's quality against herbivory. Life history traits of the Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) were determined under laboratory conditions using either unfertilized and fertilized plants of bean [Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Fabaceae)], chrysanthemum [Chrysanthemum × morifolium (Asteraceae)], potato [Solanum tuberosum (Solanaceae)], bell pepper [Capsicum annuum (Solanaceae)], and tomato [Solanum lycopersicum (Solanaceae)]. Results indicated that L. trifolii completed development on all studied unfertilized and fertilized plants. Nevertheless, a higher performance of the leaf miner was observed on bean and bell pepper plants compared to the other plants. Furthermore, there was an interaction of the host plant and fertilization with Calcium Aria or Sitam negatively affecting the fitness-related traits of the leaf miner. Application of these fertilizers resulted in delayed immature development of L. trifolii, decreased survival rate, and reduced adult longevity and fecundity. The activity of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) enzymes, as well as phenolic, flavonoid, and lignin content were higher in Calcium Aria + Sitam fertilized plants, intermediate in Calcium Aria and Sitam treated plants, and the lower in unfertilized plants. The development and survival of L. trifolii on different host plants, considering fertilization options, become important for deploying cultural control practices against this important pest species.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":" ","pages":"1137-1148"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141724032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-08-14DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01190-1
Sabrina Ongaratto, Karina Pinto, Roberta Manica-Berto, Rafael da Silva Gonçalves, Sandro Daniel Nörnberg, Daniel Bernardi, Dori Edson Nava
Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) is considered an important pest in Neotropical countries. The laboratory rearing of this species should reproduce conditions in nature; thus, special attention is required to the nutritional quality of diets for larval development. Protein components (wheat germ) are costly and account for most production costs in lab insect rearing. In this sense, this work aimed to identify ingredients to replace wheat germ, without compromising diet quality for the lab rearing of A. fraterculus. We tested diets composed of whole rice flour, corn flour, and a mixture of whole wheat flour + soybean flour as substitutes for wheat germ as well as a raw wheat germ diet, considered the control. The protein sources used in the larval diet influenced the biological performance of both the larval and adult stages of A. fraterculus during six generations. The diet containing corn flour and wheat germ showed similar results in the different developmental parameters. The diet with rice flour also provided adequate biological development for A. fraterculus throughout its life cycle and was nutritionally similar to the control. As it is local product, rice flour can replace wheat germ (costly imported product) in artificial diets for A. fraterculus, reducing production costs by roughly 30% without compromising the biological and nutritional parameters of the insects. Faced with this, the rice flour can be considered suitable for the mass rearing of A. fraterculus in the laboratory.
{"title":"Different Protein Sources of Larval Diet on the Rearing of Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae): Biological and Nutritional Analyses.","authors":"Sabrina Ongaratto, Karina Pinto, Roberta Manica-Berto, Rafael da Silva Gonçalves, Sandro Daniel Nörnberg, Daniel Bernardi, Dori Edson Nava","doi":"10.1007/s13744-024-01190-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13744-024-01190-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) is considered an important pest in Neotropical countries. The laboratory rearing of this species should reproduce conditions in nature; thus, special attention is required to the nutritional quality of diets for larval development. Protein components (wheat germ) are costly and account for most production costs in lab insect rearing. In this sense, this work aimed to identify ingredients to replace wheat germ, without compromising diet quality for the lab rearing of A. fraterculus. We tested diets composed of whole rice flour, corn flour, and a mixture of whole wheat flour + soybean flour as substitutes for wheat germ as well as a raw wheat germ diet, considered the control. The protein sources used in the larval diet influenced the biological performance of both the larval and adult stages of A. fraterculus during six generations. The diet containing corn flour and wheat germ showed similar results in the different developmental parameters. The diet with rice flour also provided adequate biological development for A. fraterculus throughout its life cycle and was nutritionally similar to the control. As it is local product, rice flour can replace wheat germ (costly imported product) in artificial diets for A. fraterculus, reducing production costs by roughly 30% without compromising the biological and nutritional parameters of the insects. Faced with this, the rice flour can be considered suitable for the mass rearing of A. fraterculus in the laboratory.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":" ","pages":"1031-1044"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141976192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-07-16DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01179-w
Gerardo J de la Vega, Juan C Corley
World trade has facilitated the spread of non-native pest species, presenting new challenges for food production. In the Global South, linking worker social protection programs with invasive pest management can, at the same time, contribute to food security and empower workers. The spotted wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) (SWD) recent invasion in the Global South case study illustrates how science-based policies integrated with agricultural worker-based social organizations can contribute toward economic and environmental sustainability.
{"title":"Social Inclusion and Pest Management: a Route for Improved Food Production and well-being in the Global South.","authors":"Gerardo J de la Vega, Juan C Corley","doi":"10.1007/s13744-024-01179-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13744-024-01179-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>World trade has facilitated the spread of non-native pest species, presenting new challenges for food production. In the Global South, linking worker social protection programs with invasive pest management can, at the same time, contribute to food security and empower workers. The spotted wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) (SWD) recent invasion in the Global South case study illustrates how science-based policies integrated with agricultural worker-based social organizations can contribute toward economic and environmental sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":" ","pages":"1009-1012"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141620499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01193-y
Eder Cleyton Barbosa França, Daniela Cubillos, Júlio Cézar Mario Chaul, Lívia Pires Prado, John Lattke
We provide updated diagnoses for the senex-, burtoni- and dimorphus-groups of Camponotus (Myrmobrachys). Dichotomous keys for the C. (Myrmobrachys) groups and species of the dimorphus-group, based on type-specimens are provided. Two new species of the dimorphus-group are described, Camponotus cameloides sp. nov. and Camponotus hyalus sp. nov. We classified C. dolabratus and C. lancifer as members of the dimorphus-group and C. crassicornis, C. subcircularis, and C. championi as members of the senex-group. Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to describe the branched pilosity of C. cameloides and this is the first description of it for adult workers of Camponotini tribe.
我们对 Camponotus(Myrmobrachys)的 senex-类、burtoni-类和 dimorphus-类进行了最新诊断。根据模式标本,提供了C. (Myrmobrachys)类和二形类物种的二分法。描述了二形类群的两个新种:Camponotus cameloides sp.我们将 C. dolabratus 和 C. lancifer 划分为二形态群成员,将 C. crassicornis、C. subcircularis 和 C. championi 划分为enex 群成员。利用扫描电子显微镜描述了 C. cameloides 的分枝柔毛,这是首次对 Camponotini 科成年工蚁的分枝柔毛进行描述。
{"title":"Taxonomic Additions to the Neotropical Subgenus Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) Forel 1912 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with Emphasis on the dimorphus-Group","authors":"Eder Cleyton Barbosa França, Daniela Cubillos, Júlio Cézar Mario Chaul, Lívia Pires Prado, John Lattke","doi":"10.1007/s13744-024-01193-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-024-01193-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We provide updated diagnoses for the <i>senex-</i>, <i>burtoni-</i> and <i>dimorphus</i>-groups of <i>Camponotus</i> (<i>Myrmobrachys</i>). Dichotomous keys for the <i>C.</i> (<i>Myrmobrachys</i>) groups and species of the <i>dimorphus</i>-group, based on type-specimens are provided. Two new species of the <i>dimorphus</i>-group are described, <i>Camponotus cameloides</i> sp. nov. and <i>Camponotus hyalus</i> sp. nov. We classified <i>C. dolabratus</i> and <i>C. lancifer</i> as members of the <i>dimorphus</i>-group and <i>C. crassicornis</i>, <i>C. subcircularis</i>, and <i>C. championi</i> as members of the <i>senex</i>-group. Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to describe the branched pilosity of <i>C. cameloides</i> and this is the first description of it for adult workers of Camponotini tribe.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-06-14DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01156-3
Marcelo Domingos de Santis
The Neotropical genus Ebenia Macquart, 1846, is a member of the tribe Dufouriini (Dexiinae), and before the current work, comprised four species, viz. E. claripennis Macquart 1846, E. fumata (Wulp, 1891), E. neofumata Santis & Nihei, 2022 and E. trichopoda (Wulp, 1891). The present taxonomic revision results in a new generic synonymy: Comyops Wulp, 1891 syn. nov. of Ebenia. The following two new combinations result from this act: E. nigripennis (Wulp, 1891) comb. nov. and E. striaticollis (Wulp, 1891) comb. nov. both originally described in Comyops. In addition, the species originally described as Homodexia spinosa Bigot, 1889 is moved from its current placement in Thelairodes Wulp, 1891 to Ebenia as Ebenia spinosa (Bigot, 1889) comb. nov. A new specific synonymy is proposed for this last species: Morinia trichopoda Wulp, 1891, previously treated as a valid species of Ebenia, becomes a junior synonym of E. spinosa. All valid species are redescribed and photographed with the first description and illustration of the male terminalia for E. claripennis, E. neofumata and E. nigripennis and female terminalia for E. spinosa. Additionally, lectotype fixations are made for E. nigripennis and M. trichopoda. Finally, an updated diagnosis for the genus Ebenia and a key to the six known species are provided.
新热带属 Ebenia Macquart,1846 年,是 Dufouriini(Dexiinae)科的成员,在目前的工作之前,包括四个种,即 E. claripennis Macquart 1846、E. fumata (Wulp, 1891)、E. neofumata Santis & Nihei, 2022 和 E. trichopoda (Wulp, 1891)。本次分类学修订产生了一个新的属同义:Comyops Wulp, 1891 syn.以下两个新的组合就是由此产生的:和 E. striaticollis (Wulp, 1891) comb.此外,最初描述为 Homodexia spinosa Bigot,1889 的本种被从其目前在 Thelairodes Wulp,1891 中的位置移到 Ebenia 中,作为 Ebenia spinosa (Bigot, 1889) comb.为最后一个种提出了一个新的特异异名:spinosa 的初级异名。claripennis、E. neofumata 和 E. nigripennis 的雄性顶生叶以及 E. spinosa 的雌性顶生叶。nigripennis 和 M. trichopoda 的固定模式。nigripennis 和 M. trichopoda 的模式标本。最后,提供了 Ebenia 属的最新诊断和六个已知种的检索表。
{"title":"Revision of the Neotropical Obscure Genus Ebenia Macquart 1846 (Diptera, Tachinidae, Dufouriini).","authors":"Marcelo Domingos de Santis","doi":"10.1007/s13744-024-01156-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13744-024-01156-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Neotropical genus Ebenia Macquart, 1846, is a member of the tribe Dufouriini (Dexiinae), and before the current work, comprised four species, viz. E. claripennis Macquart 1846, E. fumata (Wulp, 1891), E. neofumata Santis & Nihei, 2022 and E. trichopoda (Wulp, 1891). The present taxonomic revision results in a new generic synonymy: Comyops Wulp, 1891 syn. nov. of Ebenia. The following two new combinations result from this act: E. nigripennis (Wulp, 1891) comb. nov. and E. striaticollis (Wulp, 1891) comb. nov. both originally described in Comyops. In addition, the species originally described as Homodexia spinosa Bigot, 1889 is moved from its current placement in Thelairodes Wulp, 1891 to Ebenia as Ebenia spinosa (Bigot, 1889) comb. nov. A new specific synonymy is proposed for this last species: Morinia trichopoda Wulp, 1891, previously treated as a valid species of Ebenia, becomes a junior synonym of E. spinosa. All valid species are redescribed and photographed with the first description and illustration of the male terminalia for E. claripennis, E. neofumata and E. nigripennis and female terminalia for E. spinosa. Additionally, lectotype fixations are made for E. nigripennis and M. trichopoda. Finally, an updated diagnosis for the genus Ebenia and a key to the six known species are provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":" ","pages":"833-853"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11255053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141317823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-07-04DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01171-4
Paulo Roberto Marinho Duarte, Paschoal Coelho Grossi, Fernando Zagury Vaz-de-Mello
Megaceropsis Dechambre, 1976 (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae, Dynastinae, Oryctini) is a South American genus with two known species until now: Megaceropsis quadridentata Dechambre, 1976 and Megaceropsis lecourti Dechambre, 1996. We describe a third species herein: Megaceropsis kleytoni sp. nov., from Brazil. Illustrations, a distributional map, and an identification key including all Megaceropsis species are provided. Additionally, a first record of M. quadridentata from Brazil is presented.
{"title":"A New Species of Megaceropsis Dechambre, 1976 and a New Record of Megaceropsis quadridentata Dechambre, 1976 (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae, Dynastinae, Oryctini).","authors":"Paulo Roberto Marinho Duarte, Paschoal Coelho Grossi, Fernando Zagury Vaz-de-Mello","doi":"10.1007/s13744-024-01171-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13744-024-01171-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Megaceropsis Dechambre, 1976 (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae, Dynastinae, Oryctini) is a South American genus with two known species until now: Megaceropsis quadridentata Dechambre, 1976 and Megaceropsis lecourti Dechambre, 1996. We describe a third species herein: Megaceropsis kleytoni sp. nov., from Brazil. Illustrations, a distributional map, and an identification key including all Megaceropsis species are provided. Additionally, a first record of M. quadridentata from Brazil is presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":" ","pages":"880-888"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141498549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-07-04DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01175-0
Gilson Gonçalves Xavier, Elizeu de Sá Farias, Daiane das Graças do Carmo, Allana Grecco Guedes, Richard Ian Samuels, Damaris Rosa de Freitas, Eliseu José Guedes Pereira, Eraldo Lima, Marcelo Coutinho Picanço
Globally, people use sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) to produce sugar and ethanol. Rainfed or irrigated sugarcane agricultural systems are available. Among the pests affecting this crop, the weevil Sphenophorus levis, Vaurie 1978 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is increasingly becoming a significant threat in southern South America. Sphenophorus levis populations are controlled using chemical or biological measures. Control decisions hinge upon the economic injury level (EIL). The EIL delineates the pest density that results in financial losses for producers. This study aims to determine the EIL for S. levis, considering the factors favoring this insect pest and chemical and biological control methods in rainfed and irrigated systems. The intensity of S. levis attacks was monitored in commercial sugarcane plantations over four years in João Pinheiro, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Sampling occurred in a 50 × 50 × 30-cm-deep trench dug in the soil surrounding the sugarcane clump. The total number of stumps in the clump, including those attacked by S. levis, was tallied. The EILs for this pest were 5.93% and 4.85% of targeted stumps for chemical control in rainfed and irrigated crops, respectively. Biological control in sugarcane plots resulted in an EIL of 4.15% and 3.40% for stumps attacked in rainfed and irrigated crops, respectively. Pest attacks were more severe during rainy years and in older sugarcane crops. The EIL values determined in this study could inform integrated pest management programs for sugarcane crops.
在全球范围内,人们利用甘蔗(Saccharum officinarum)生产糖和乙醇。甘蔗农业系统有雨水灌溉和灌溉两种。在影响这种作物的害虫中,象鼻虫 Sphenophorus levis,Vaurie 1978(鞘翅目:蝼蛄)正日益成为南美洲南部的一个重大威胁。Sphenophorus levis 的数量是通过化学或生物措施控制的。控制决策取决于经济损失水平(EIL)。经济损失水平划定了导致生产者经济损失的害虫密度。本研究旨在确定莱维斯虫害的经济损失水平,同时考虑到有利于这种害虫的因素以及雨养和灌溉系统中的化学和生物防治方法。研究人员在巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州若昂-皮涅罗的商业甘蔗种植园中监测了四年来莱维斯甘蔗虫害的强度。取样在甘蔗丛周围土壤中挖出的 50 × 50 × 30 厘米深的沟中进行。统计甘蔗丛中树桩的总数,包括受莱维斯虫侵害的树桩。在雨水灌溉和灌溉作物中,该害虫的 EIL 分别为化学防治目标树桩的 5.93% 和 4.85%。在甘蔗地块进行生物防治后,雨水灌溉和灌溉作物受侵害树桩的 EIL 分别为 4.15%和 3.40%。多雨年份和老甘蔗作物的虫害更为严重。本研究确定的 EIL 值可为甘蔗作物的虫害综合防治计划提供参考。
{"title":"Determining Factors and Economic Injury Levels for Sphenophorus levis for Chemical and Biological Control in Irrigated and Non-irrigated Sugarcane Crops.","authors":"Gilson Gonçalves Xavier, Elizeu de Sá Farias, Daiane das Graças do Carmo, Allana Grecco Guedes, Richard Ian Samuels, Damaris Rosa de Freitas, Eliseu José Guedes Pereira, Eraldo Lima, Marcelo Coutinho Picanço","doi":"10.1007/s13744-024-01175-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13744-024-01175-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Globally, people use sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) to produce sugar and ethanol. Rainfed or irrigated sugarcane agricultural systems are available. Among the pests affecting this crop, the weevil Sphenophorus levis, Vaurie 1978 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is increasingly becoming a significant threat in southern South America. Sphenophorus levis populations are controlled using chemical or biological measures. Control decisions hinge upon the economic injury level (EIL). The EIL delineates the pest density that results in financial losses for producers. This study aims to determine the EIL for S. levis, considering the factors favoring this insect pest and chemical and biological control methods in rainfed and irrigated systems. The intensity of S. levis attacks was monitored in commercial sugarcane plantations over four years in João Pinheiro, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Sampling occurred in a 50 × 50 × 30-cm-deep trench dug in the soil surrounding the sugarcane clump. The total number of stumps in the clump, including those attacked by S. levis, was tallied. The EILs for this pest were 5.93% and 4.85% of targeted stumps for chemical control in rainfed and irrigated crops, respectively. Biological control in sugarcane plots resulted in an EIL of 4.15% and 3.40% for stumps attacked in rainfed and irrigated crops, respectively. Pest attacks were more severe during rainy years and in older sugarcane crops. The EIL values determined in this study could inform integrated pest management programs for sugarcane crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":" ","pages":"955-963"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141498551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-05-07DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01159-0
Lidiane Maria Dos Santos Moreira, Luciene Silva Marinho, Robério Carlos Santos Neves, Ricardo Harakava, Layara Alexandre Bessa, Luciana Cristina Vitorino
Increased attention is being focused on the biological control of agricultural pests using microorganisms, owing to their potential as a viable substitute for chemical control methods. Insect cadavers constitute a potential source of entomopathogenic microorganisms. We tested whether bacteria and fungi isolated from Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) cadavers could affect its survival, development, egg-laying pattern, and hatchability, as well as induce mortality in Anthonomus grandis Boheman adults. We isolated the bacteria Enterobacter hormaechei and Serratia marcescens and the fungi Scopulariopsis sp. and Aspergillus nomiae from fall armyworm cadavers and the pest insects were subjected to an artificial diet enriched with bacteria cells or fungal spores to be tested, in the case of S. frugiperda, and only fungal spores in the case of A. grandis. Enterobacter hormaechei and A. nomiae were pathogenic to S. frugiperda, affecting the survival of adults and pupae. The fungus Scopulariopsis sp. does not affect the survival of S. frugiperda caterpillars and pupae; however, due to late action, moths and eggs may be affected. Aspergillus nomiae also increased mortality of A. grandis adults, as well as the development of S. frugiperda in the early stages of exposure to the diet, as indicated by the vertical spore transfer to offspring and low hatchability. Enterobacter hormaechei and A. nomiae are potential biocontrol agents for these pests, and warrant further investigation from a toxicological point of view and subsequently in field tests involving formulations that could improve agricultural sustainability practices.
由于微生物具有替代化学防治方法的潜力,人们越来越关注利用微生物对农业害虫进行生物防治。昆虫尸体是昆虫病原微生物的潜在来源。我们测试了从 Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) 尸体中分离出的细菌和真菌是否会影响其生存、发育、产卵模式和孵化率,以及是否会诱导 Anthonomus grandis Boheman 成虫死亡。我们从秋季军虫尸体中分离出了肠杆菌和沙雷氏菌,以及真菌 Scopulariopsis sp.荷马肠杆菌(Enterobacter hormaechei)和A. nomiae对S. frugiperda具有致病性,影响成虫和蛹的存活。真菌 Scopulariopsis sp.不会影响 S. frugiperda 毛虫和蛹的存活;但由于作用较晚,蛾和卵可能会受到影响。曲霉菌(Aspergillus nomiae)也会增加大青虫成虫的死亡率,并在暴露于食物的早期阶段影响 S. frugiperda 的发育,表现为垂直孢子转移到后代和低孵化率。荷马肠杆菌和 A. nomiae 是这些害虫的潜在生物控制剂,值得从毒理学的角度进行进一步研究,并随后在涉及可改善农业可持续性做法的配方的田间试验中进行研究。
{"title":"Assessment of the Entomopathogenic Potential of Fungal and Bacterial Isolates from Fall Armyworm Cadavers Against Spodoptera frugiperda Caterpillars and the Adult Boll Weevil, Anthonomus grandis.","authors":"Lidiane Maria Dos Santos Moreira, Luciene Silva Marinho, Robério Carlos Santos Neves, Ricardo Harakava, Layara Alexandre Bessa, Luciana Cristina Vitorino","doi":"10.1007/s13744-024-01159-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13744-024-01159-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Increased attention is being focused on the biological control of agricultural pests using microorganisms, owing to their potential as a viable substitute for chemical control methods. Insect cadavers constitute a potential source of entomopathogenic microorganisms. We tested whether bacteria and fungi isolated from Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) cadavers could affect its survival, development, egg-laying pattern, and hatchability, as well as induce mortality in Anthonomus grandis Boheman adults. We isolated the bacteria Enterobacter hormaechei and Serratia marcescens and the fungi Scopulariopsis sp. and Aspergillus nomiae from fall armyworm cadavers and the pest insects were subjected to an artificial diet enriched with bacteria cells or fungal spores to be tested, in the case of S. frugiperda, and only fungal spores in the case of A. grandis. Enterobacter hormaechei and A. nomiae were pathogenic to S. frugiperda, affecting the survival of adults and pupae. The fungus Scopulariopsis sp. does not affect the survival of S. frugiperda caterpillars and pupae; however, due to late action, moths and eggs may be affected. Aspergillus nomiae also increased mortality of A. grandis adults, as well as the development of S. frugiperda in the early stages of exposure to the diet, as indicated by the vertical spore transfer to offspring and low hatchability. Enterobacter hormaechei and A. nomiae are potential biocontrol agents for these pests, and warrant further investigation from a toxicological point of view and subsequently in field tests involving formulations that could improve agricultural sustainability practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":" ","pages":"889-906"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11255027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140876935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-05-09DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01154-5
Asmaa A Kamel, Shawky M Aboelhadid, Abdel-Azeem S Abdel-Baki, Samar M Ibrahium, Saleh Al-Quraishy, Ahmed O Hassan, Shams G Abd El-Kareem, Sahar M Gadelhaq
The house fly, Musca domestica (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Muscidae), is a significant threat to human and animal health and is also resistant to a variety of insecticides. Plant-derived benzoates are known to have insecticidal activities against various insects. In this study, the larvicidal, pupicidal, and adulticidal activities of benzoate derivatives (benzyl alcohol BA, benzyl benzoate BB, and methyl benzoate MB) were assessed and investigated for their effects on larval structure and acetylcholinesterase activity. Six concentrations (2.5 to 100 mg/mL) of benzoate derivatives were applied to larvae and pupae through the residual film method and topical application, respectively. Meanwhile, concentrations from 0.625 to 50 mg/L air were applied to adult flies through a fumigation assay. BA and MB achieved promising results against larvae with LC50 values of 10.90 and 11.53 mg/mL, respectively. Moreover, BA killed 100% of the larvae at a concentration of 25 mg/mL, and MB achieved the same effect at a concentration of 50 mg/mL. Regarding the pupicidal activity, MB showed a percentage inhibition rate (PIR) of 100% at a concentration of 100 mg/mL, while the same effect was achieved by BA at a concentration of 50 mg/mL. Meanwhile, BB did not show any effect on the larvae or pupae at any of the tested concentrations. Moreover, the scanning microscopy observations on the treated larvae by BA and MB estimated flaccid and deformity in the larva body with a shrunken cuticle. Additionally, both BA and MB suppress nerve signal transmission by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that BA and MB may be useful in control housefly populations. These substances cause severe muscular relaxation and deformities in insects.
{"title":"Benzoate Derivatives Toxicity to Musca domestica Results in Severe Muscle Relaxation and Body Distortion.","authors":"Asmaa A Kamel, Shawky M Aboelhadid, Abdel-Azeem S Abdel-Baki, Samar M Ibrahium, Saleh Al-Quraishy, Ahmed O Hassan, Shams G Abd El-Kareem, Sahar M Gadelhaq","doi":"10.1007/s13744-024-01154-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13744-024-01154-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The house fly, Musca domestica (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Muscidae), is a significant threat to human and animal health and is also resistant to a variety of insecticides. Plant-derived benzoates are known to have insecticidal activities against various insects. In this study, the larvicidal, pupicidal, and adulticidal activities of benzoate derivatives (benzyl alcohol BA, benzyl benzoate BB, and methyl benzoate MB) were assessed and investigated for their effects on larval structure and acetylcholinesterase activity. Six concentrations (2.5 to 100 mg/mL) of benzoate derivatives were applied to larvae and pupae through the residual film method and topical application, respectively. Meanwhile, concentrations from 0.625 to 50 mg/L air were applied to adult flies through a fumigation assay. BA and MB achieved promising results against larvae with LC<sub>50</sub> values of 10.90 and 11.53 mg/mL, respectively. Moreover, BA killed 100% of the larvae at a concentration of 25 mg/mL, and MB achieved the same effect at a concentration of 50 mg/mL. Regarding the pupicidal activity, MB showed a percentage inhibition rate (PIR) of 100% at a concentration of 100 mg/mL, while the same effect was achieved by BA at a concentration of 50 mg/mL. Meanwhile, BB did not show any effect on the larvae or pupae at any of the tested concentrations. Moreover, the scanning microscopy observations on the treated larvae by BA and MB estimated flaccid and deformity in the larva body with a shrunken cuticle. Additionally, both BA and MB suppress nerve signal transmission by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that BA and MB may be useful in control housefly populations. These substances cause severe muscular relaxation and deformities in insects.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":" ","pages":"972-983"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140897675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-06-14DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01167-0
Hevellyn Talissa Dos Santos, Cesar Augusto Marchioro
The leafroller Argyrotaenia sphaleropa (Meyrick) is an important pest of temperate fruits. Its biology and population dynamics are strongly influenced by temperature. In this context, this study aims to select a mathematical model that accurately describes the temperature-dependent development rate of A. sphaleropa and applies this model to predict the impact of climate change on the number of annual generations (voltinism) of the pest in southern Brazil. Nine mathematical models were employed to fit the species' developmental rate at different constant temperatures. Voltinism was projected using climate data from the current period (1994-2013) and projections for 2050 and 2070. The Brière-1 model (D(T) = aT(T-TL)(TH-T)1/2) provided the best fit for the temperature-dependent developmental rate of A. sphaleropa. According to this model, the regions with the highest voltinism under current climatic conditions are the northern and central areas of Paraná, the western and northeastern regions of Santa Catarina, and northwestern Rio Grande do Sul. The model also predicts a rise in A. sphaleropa voltinism as a consequence of climate change, especially in the mountainous regions of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, with projected increases of up to 25.1%. These regions encompass most areas where temperate fruits used as hosts by the leafroller are cultivated. This study represents a significant advancement in understanding the implications of global warming on A. sphaleropa voltinism and suggests that forthcoming climatic conditions will likely favor the species across much of southern Brazil.
{"title":"Assessing the Impact of Climate Change on Argyrotaenia sphaleropa (Meyrick, 1909) Voltinism: Implications for Fruit Production in Southern Brazil.","authors":"Hevellyn Talissa Dos Santos, Cesar Augusto Marchioro","doi":"10.1007/s13744-024-01167-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13744-024-01167-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The leafroller Argyrotaenia sphaleropa (Meyrick) is an important pest of temperate fruits. Its biology and population dynamics are strongly influenced by temperature. In this context, this study aims to select a mathematical model that accurately describes the temperature-dependent development rate of A. sphaleropa and applies this model to predict the impact of climate change on the number of annual generations (voltinism) of the pest in southern Brazil. Nine mathematical models were employed to fit the species' developmental rate at different constant temperatures. Voltinism was projected using climate data from the current period (1994-2013) and projections for 2050 and 2070. The Brière-1 model (D(T) = aT(T-T<sub>L</sub>)(T<sub>H</sub>-T)<sup>1/2</sup>) provided the best fit for the temperature-dependent developmental rate of A. sphaleropa. According to this model, the regions with the highest voltinism under current climatic conditions are the northern and central areas of Paraná, the western and northeastern regions of Santa Catarina, and northwestern Rio Grande do Sul. The model also predicts a rise in A. sphaleropa voltinism as a consequence of climate change, especially in the mountainous regions of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, with projected increases of up to 25.1%. These regions encompass most areas where temperate fruits used as hosts by the leafroller are cultivated. This study represents a significant advancement in understanding the implications of global warming on A. sphaleropa voltinism and suggests that forthcoming climatic conditions will likely favor the species across much of southern Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":" ","pages":"703-714"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141317821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}