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Demographic Parameters of Anthocoris minki Dohrn (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) Reared on Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) and Pea (Pisum sativum L.) as Egg Laying Media. 以普通豆(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)、菜豆(Vicia faba L.)和豌豆(Pisum sativum L.)为产卵介质饲养的 Anthocoris minki Dohrn(半翅目:Anthocoridae)的繁殖参数。
IF 1.4 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01133-w
İlyas Rat, Mehmet Mamay

Anthocoris minki Dohrn (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) is used as a biological control agent of various agricultural pests. This study determined the effect of different egg laying materials, i.e., faba bean, common bean, and pea on population parameters of A. minki using age-stage, two-sex life table. The longest (34.45 d) and the shortest (21.32 d) adult longevity was noted on common bean and pea, respectively. Likewise, the highest (92%) and the lowest (69%) preadult survival rate was recorded on faba bean and pea, respectively. The highest fecundity (93.74 eggs/female) was noted on faba bean followed by common bean (43.95 eggs/female) and pea (48.69 eggs/female). Oviposition period remained unaffected, while higher oviposition days (22 d) were noted on faba bean compared with common bean (10 d) and pea (14 d). The shortest and the longest adult pre-oviposition period and total pre-ovipositional period were calculated for common bean and pea, respectively. The highest intrinsic rate of increase (r) (0.1159 d-1) and finite rate of increase (λ) (1.1229 d-1) were noted on common bean, while the lowest (r = 0.0939 d-1; λ = 1.0985 d-1) were noted on pea. Paired bootstrap analyses indicated that the highest net reproductive rate (R0) (43.12 offspring) was recorded on faba bean. Egg hatching rate significantly differed among plants (P < 0.01) and it was 80.50%, 71.10%, and 38.90% on common bean, faba bean and pea, respectively. It is concluded that faba bean would be the most suitable host for mass rearing of A. minki, while pea proved unsuitable.

Anthocoris minki Dohrn(半翅目:蚁科)被用作多种农业害虫的生物防治剂。本研究采用年龄阶段双性生命表测定了不同产卵材料(即蚕豆、蚕豆和豌豆)对明姬蝇种群参数的影响。蚕豆和豌豆的成虫寿命分别最长(34.45 d)和最短(21.32 d)。同样,蚕豆和豌豆的成虫前存活率分别最高(92%)和最低(69%)。蚕豆的繁殖率最高(93.74 卵/雌虫),其次是蚕豆(43.95 卵/雌虫)和豌豆(48.69 卵/雌虫)。排卵期未受影响,但蚕豆的排卵天数(22 天)高于蚕豆(10 天)和豌豆(14 天)。蚕豆和豌豆分别计算出了最短和最长的成虫产卵前时期和总产卵前时期。蚕豆的内在增长率(r)(0.1159 d-1)和有限增长率(λ)(1.1229 d-1)最高,而豌豆的最低(r = 0.0939 d-1; λ = 1.0985 d-1)。配对引导分析表明,蚕豆的净生殖率(R0)最高(43.12 个后代)。不同植株的卵孵化率有明显差异(P
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引用次数: 0
A Key Interaction Behind the Scenes: Dung Beetles in Livestock Production from Arid and Semi-Arid Rangelands. 幕后的关键互动:干旱和半干旱牧场牲畜生产中的蜣螂。
IF 1.4 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01131-y
Daiana V Perri, Santiago I Hurtado, Octavio Bruzzone, Marcos H Easdale

Pastoralism is a dominant agricultural activity in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. The interaction between coprophagous insects and livestock is a key but an undervalued topic in rangeland management decisions. The objective was to identify similarities and differences in the composition of coprophagous insects and nesting strategies, associated with different climatic conditions within these regions. We performed a literature review of research articles available in the Scopus database which resulted in 17 articles. We examined the taxonomic diversity of dung beetles and their nesting strategies in relation to temperature and precipitation at the study sites. Results revealed a rich and varied interaction between dung beetles and livestock in arid and semi-arid environments, with 364 species from the Scarabaeoidea superfamily documented worldwide. The greatest diversity of dung beetles was reported in hot arid and semi-arid conditions with dry winters and in cold semi-arid ones with no marked annual precipitation cycle. These insects displayed diverse nesting strategies, with endocoprid strategies predominating in colder and drier settings, and paracoprid and telecoprid strategies in warmer, more humid environments. Domestic animal species are currently key components in promoting this interaction, which indicates that the ecological processes involving coprophagous fauna are occurring in production systems, which are under the influence of human decisions. We discuss the design and planning of livestock and rangeland management in arid and semi-arid environments, emphasizing in a more formalized manner the inclusion of this kind of interaction.

放牧是干旱和半干旱生态系统中的主要农业活动。在牧场管理决策中,同食昆虫与牲畜之间的相互作用是一个关键但被低估的主题。我们的目标是找出这些地区不同气候条件下共食昆虫组成和筑巢策略的异同。我们对 Scopus 数据库中的研究文章进行了文献综述,共收集到 17 篇文章。我们研究了蜣螂的分类多样性及其筑巢策略与研究地点的温度和降水量的关系。研究结果表明,在干旱和半干旱环境中,蜣螂与牲畜之间存在着丰富多样的互动关系,全世界共记录了蜣螂超科的 364 个物种。据报道,在冬季干旱的炎热干旱和半干旱环境中,以及在没有明显年降水周期的寒冷半干旱环境中,蜣螂的种类最为丰富。这些昆虫的筑巢策略多种多样,在寒冷干燥的环境中主要采用内啮齿目策略,而在温暖潮湿的环境中则采用paracoprid和telecoprid策略。家畜物种目前是促进这种相互作用的关键因素,这表明涉及桡食性动物的生态过程发生在生产系统中,而生产系统受到人类决策的影响。我们讨论了干旱和半干旱环境中牲畜和牧场管理的设计和规划,以更加正式的方式强调了这种互动的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
First Record of the Genus Trochiliphagus Carriker 1960 (Amblycera: Ricinidae) Infesting a Hummingbird from Brazil 巴西蜂鸟中 Trochiliphagus Carriker 1960 属(Amblycera: Ricinidae)的首次记录
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01158-1
Ricardo Bassini-Silva, Isabella Pereira Pesenato, Darci Moraes Barros-Battesti, Fernando de Castro Jacinavicius

Four genera and at least fifty species of chewing lice have been recorded infesting hummingbirds (Trochilidae). Here, we record for the first time, the genus Trochiliphagus in Brazil, as well as, a new host record for Trochiliphagus mellivorus Carriker, the fork-tailed woodnymph, Thalurania furcata.

蜂鸟(Trochilidae)中有四属、至少五十种咀嚼虱。在这里,我们首次记录了巴西的蜂鸟嚼虱属,以及蜂鸟嚼虱 mellivorus Carriker 的新宿主记录--叉尾姬蜂(Thalurania furcata)。
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引用次数: 0
Strategic Analysis of Collaborative Networks in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Research for Improved Pest Management Strategies 鳞翅目:夜蛾科)研究合作网络的战略分析,以改进害虫管理战略
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01146-5
Prajith Karakkottil, Lalsiemlien Pulamte, Vipan Kumar

The fall armyworm (FAW) poses a significant global threat to food security, and economics. Timely detection is crucial, and this research explores innovative techniques like data analysis, remote sensing, satellite imagery, and AI with machine learning algorithms for predicting and managing outbreaks. Emphasizing the importance of community engagement and international collaboration, social network analysis (SNA) is employed to uncover collaborative networks in FAW management research. The study analyzes a decade of research, revealing trends, influential institutions, authors, and countries, providing insights for efficient FAW management strategies. The research highlights a growing interest in Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith and Abbott 1797) research, focusing on biological control, chemical insecticides, plant extracts, and pest resistance. Co-Citation analysis identifies key research concepts, while collaboration analysis emphasizes the contributions of actors and institutions, such as China, the USA, and Brazil, with international collaboration playing a vital role. Current research trends involve evolving resistance, insecticidal protein gene discovery, and bio-control investigations. Leveraging insights from collaborative networks is essential for formulating effective strategies to manage fall armyworm and ensure global food security. This comprehensive analysis serves as a valuable resource for researchers and stakeholders, guiding efforts to combat this pervasive agricultural pest.

秋虫(FAW)对全球粮食安全和经济构成重大威胁。及时发现至关重要,本研究探索了数据分析、遥感、卫星图像和采用机器学习算法的人工智能等创新技术,用于预测和管理疫情。本研究强调社区参与和国际合作的重要性,并采用社会网络分析(SNA)来揭示干旱和虫害管理研究中的合作网络。该研究对十年来的研究进行了分析,揭示了趋势、有影响力的机构、作者和国家,为制定高效的FAW管理策略提供了见解。研究突出表明,人们对蚜虫(Spodoptera frugiperda,Smith 和 Abbott,1797 年)研究的兴趣与日俱增,重点关注生物防治、化学杀虫剂、植物提取物和害虫抗性。共引分析确定了关键的研究概念,而合作分析则强调了中国、美国和巴西等参与者和机构的贡献,其中国际合作发挥了至关重要的作用。当前的研究趋势涉及抗药性演变、杀虫蛋白基因发现和生物防治调查。利用合作网络的洞察力对于制定有效的战略来管理秋绵虫和确保全球粮食安全至关重要。这份综合分析报告为研究人员和利益相关者提供了宝贵的资源,为防治这种普遍存在的农业害虫提供了指导。
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引用次数: 0
Diversity and Flight Patterns of Caddisflies (Trichoptera) in an Atlantic Forest Fragment: Implications for Species Conservation in Threatened Ecosystems 大西洋森林片断中蝌蚪(蓟马)的多样性和飞行模式:对受威胁生态系统中物种保护的影响
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01149-2
Rafael Pereira, Gilberto Gonçalves Rodrigues, Adolfo Ricardo Calor, Simão Dias Vasconcelos

Anthropogenic activities have decimated the Atlantic Forest domain (AF) and increased the pressure on freshwater biota, such as Trichoptera, which is the most affected order by the current insect decline. Adult mobility is crucial for the colonisation of new environments unconnected by water sources. In this article, we describe the assemblage of caddisflies in a preserved AF fragment related to their functional feeding group and provide empirical data on the patterns of horizontal and vertical flight. Adults were collected using white sheet and light attraction traps, placed at different distances and heights from a stream in Pernambuco, Brazil. A total of 2934 specimens of 15 species from five families were collected, mostly collector-filterers. Horizontal flight was limited, with 80% of the abundance concentrated up to 20 m. Vertical stratification was also concentrated at lower heights. A female-biased proportion was observed at higher strata. The richness and abundance of species decreased with increasing distances and heights from the stream. Overall, Chimarra sp. and Macrostemum scharfi were the dominant species. Trichoptera is a key taxon used as a biological indicator of water quality, and here, knowledge on the diversity and flight patterns of adults is expanded. At the risk of intensive pollution of rivers in Atlantic forests, data on the adult dispersal can be incorporated in the assessment of endangerment status and in conservation strategies.

人类活动已使大西洋林区(AF)锐减,并增加了淡水生物群的压力,例如鞘翅目,它是受当前昆虫减少影响最大的目。成虫的流动性对于在没有水源连接的新环境中定居至关重要。在这篇文章中,我们描述了一个保存下来的 AF 片段中与蝶形目功能性食性相关的蝶形目群落,并提供了有关水平和垂直飞行模式的经验数据。我们在巴西伯南布哥州的一条溪流中使用白片诱捕器和光诱捕器在不同距离和高度收集成虫。共收集到 5 个科 15 个物种的 2934 个标本,其中大部分是集滤器。水平飞行受到限制,80%的丰度集中在 20 米以下。在较高的地层观察到雌性比例偏高。物种的丰富度和丰度随着距离溪流的距离和高度的增加而降低。总体而言,Chimarra sp.和 Macrostemum scharfi 是优势物种。鞘翅目昆虫是作为水质生物指标的一个关键分类群,在这里,有关成虫的多样性和飞行模式的知识得到了扩展。在大西洋森林河流面临严重污染的情况下,成虫扩散数据可被纳入濒危状况评估和保护战略中。
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引用次数: 0
The Arrow Macambira (Encholirium spectabile: Bromeliaceae) as an Important Habitat for the Arthropod Fauna in Rocky Outcrops of the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region 箭竹(Encholirium spectabile: Bromeliaceae)作为巴西半干旱地区岩外作物节肢动物群的重要栖息地
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01145-6
Jaqueiuto S. Jorge, Roberto Lima Santos, Otávio de Sena Monte, Eliza Maria X. Freire, Adriano Caliman

Bromeliads play a vital role in preserving biodiversity in the Neotropical region. To understand their impact on arthropod diversity in Brazil’s semi-arid region, we studied the rupicolous bromeliad Encholirium spectabile. From 2011 to 2018, we observed the arthropod fauna in E. spectabile clumps, documenting the associated taxa, their abundance, and interactions. We also investigated how seasonality affects arthropod richness and composition during the dry and rainy seasons. Over the observation period, 15 orders and 57 arthropod families were recorded in association with E. spectabile. Insecta dominated, followed by predatory chelicerates. Eight usage categories were identified, with Shelter being the most prevalent, followed by Predators, Nesters, and Nectarivores. Significant differences in taxonomic richness were noted between rainy and dry seasons, with the rainy season exhibiting higher diversity. Seasonal variation was also observed in species composition. Clumps of E. spectabile emerged as crucial habitats for surrounding arthropod fauna. This research underscores the importance of non-phylotelm bromeliads, particularly in high abiotic stress environments like semi-arid regions. The taxonomic diversity observed aligns with findings from diverse environments, shedding light on the relevance of E. spectabile for associated arthropod fauna. These results prompt further exploration of non-phylotelm bromeliads in semi-arid settings, providing a fresh perspective on their significance in shaping arthropod communities.

凤梨在保护新热带地区生物多样性方面发挥着重要作用。为了了解它们对巴西半干旱地区节肢动物多样性的影响,我们研究了栉水母凤梨Encholirium spectabile。从2011年到2018年,我们观察了E. spectabile丛中的节肢动物,记录了相关类群、它们的数量和相互作用。我们还研究了季节性如何影响旱季和雨季节肢动物的丰富度和组成。在观察期间,共记录到 15 个目和 57 个节肢动物科与 E. spectabile 相关。昆虫类占多数,其次是食肉螯足类。共确定了八种用途类别,其中最普遍的是栖息,其次是捕食、筑巢和食蜜。雨季和旱季的分类丰富度存在显著差异,雨季的多样性更高。物种组成也存在季节性差异。丛生的 E. spectabile 是周围节肢动物的重要栖息地。这项研究强调了非植物界凤梨的重要性,尤其是在半干旱地区等高非生物压力环境中。观察到的分类多样性与不同环境中的研究结果一致,揭示了E. spectabile对相关节肢动物的重要性。这些结果促使人们进一步探索半干旱环境中的非分叶凤梨,为研究它们在节肢动物群落中的重要性提供了一个全新的视角。
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引用次数: 0
Dietary Variation Effect on Life History Traits and Energy Storage in Neotropical Species of Drosophila (Diptera; Drosophilidae) 饮食差异对新热带果蝇(双翅目;果蝇科)生活史特征和能量储存的影响
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01147-4
Camila Heloise dos Santos, Emanuele Cristina Gustani, Luciana Paes de Barros Machado, Rogério Pincela Mateus

The ability of an organism to respond to nutritional stress can be a plastic character under the action of natural selection, affecting several characteristics, including life history and energy storage. The genus Drosophila (Diptera; Drosophilidae) presents high variability regarding natural resource exploration. However, most works on this theme have studied the model species D. melanogaster Meigen, 1830 and little is known about Neotropical drosophilids. Here we evaluate the effects of three diets, with different carbohydrate-to-protein ratios, on life history (viability and development time) and metabolic pools (triglycerides, glycogen, and total soluble protein contents) of three Neotropical species of Drosophila: D. maculifrons Duda, 1927; D. ornatifrons Duda, 1927, both of the subgenus Drosophila Sturtevant, 1939, and D. willistoni Sturtevant, 1916 of the subgenus Sophophora Sturtevant, 1939. Our results showed that only D. willistoni was viable on all diets, D. maculifrons was not viable on the sugary diet, while D. ornatifrons was barely viable on this diet. The sugary diet increased the development time of D. willistoni and D. ornatifrons, and D. willistoni glycogen content. Thus, the viability of D. maculifrons and D. ornatifrons seems to depend on a certain amount of protein and/or a low concentration of carbohydrate in the diet. A more evident effect of the diets on triglyceride and protein pools was detected in D. ornatifrons, which could be related to the adult attraction to dung and carrion baited pitfall as food resource tested in nature. Our results demonstrated that the evolutionary history and differential adaptations to natural macronutrient resources are important to define the amplitude of response that a species can present when faced with dietary variation.

在自然选择的作用下,生物应对营养压力的能力可能是一种可塑性特征,会影响包括生活史和能量储存在内的若干特征。果蝇属(双翅目;果蝇科)在自然资源开发方面具有很高的可变性。然而,有关这一主题的大多数研究都是以黑腹果蝇(D. melanogaster Meigen, 1830)为模式种,而对新热带地区的果蝇知之甚少。在这里,我们评估了三种不同碳水化合物与蛋白质比例的食物对三种新热带果蝇的生活史(存活率和发育时间)和代谢池(甘油三酯、糖原和总可溶性蛋白质含量)的影响:D. maculifrons Duda,1927 年;D. ornatifrons Duda,1927 年(均属 Drosophila Sturtevant,1939 年),以及 D. willistoni Sturtevant,1916 年(属 Sophophora Sturtevant,1939 年)。我们的研究结果表明,只有D. willistoni在所有食物中都能存活,D. maculifrons在含糖食物中不能存活,而D. ornatifrons在含糖食物中几乎不能存活。含糖食物延长了 D. willistoni 和 D. ornatifrons 的发育时间,并增加了 D. willistoni 的糖原含量。因此,D. maculifrons 和 D. ornatifrons 的生存能力似乎取决于日粮中一定量的蛋白质和/或低浓度的碳水化合物。在D. ornatifrons中发现,日粮对甘油三酯和蛋白质池的影响更为明显,这可能与成虫对粪便和腐肉诱饵坑栅的吸引力有关,因为在自然界中测试过粪便和腐肉诱饵坑栅是食物资源。我们的研究结果表明,物种的进化历史和对自然宏量营养素资源的不同适应性对于确定物种在面对食物变化时的反应幅度非常重要。
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引用次数: 0
Semi-arid’s Unsung Heroes: Hymenoptera and the Vital Ecosystem Services Enabled by Encholirium spectabile, a Rupicolous Bromeliad in the Brazilian Semi-arid Region 半干旱地区的无名英雄:膜翅目昆虫和巴西半干旱地区的一种鳞茎凤梨属植物 Encholirium spectabile 提供的重要生态系统服务
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01152-7
Jaqueiuto S. Jorge, André Felipe V. Duarte, Roberto Lima Santos, Eliza Maria. X. Freire, Adriano Caliman

The concept of Ecosystem Services (ES) recognizes the importance of natural ecosystems in supporting human well-being. Hymenoptera, a diverse group of insects including ants, bees, and wasps, play crucial roles in providing ESs. Despite their significance, the provision of ESs by Hymenoptera is often undervalued, leading to ecosystem degradation and loss of important services. This study focuses on the association between Hymenoptera and a rupicolous bromeliad species (Encholirium spectabile) and explores the ESs promoted directly and indirectly by these insects. The study area is located in the Caatinga region of Brazil, characterized by irregular rainfall and a dry season. The results show that Hymenoptera, particularly bees, ants, and wasps, provide a range of ESs including pollination, honey production, pest control, cultural symbolism, and educational value. These services are vital for plant reproduction, food production, and ecosystem functioning in both seasons; there are no differences in species richness between seasons, but rather in species composition. Understanding the importance of Hymenoptera for ESs is crucial for informing conservation and management practices to ensure the sustainability of natural ecosystems. The study highlights the need for conservation actions to protect the intricate ecological relationships between Hymenoptera and bromeliads, which indirectly support ESs by providing habitat and resources, especially during droughts when resources are scarce in the region. By recognizing the importance of bromeliads in supporting Hymenopteran communities, conservation efforts can focus on preserving these critical ecological interactions and maintaining ES provision.

生态系统服务(ES)的概念承认自然生态系统在支持人类福祉方面的重要性。膜翅目昆虫(包括蚂蚁、蜜蜂和黄蜂)在提供生态系统服务方面发挥着至关重要的作用。尽管膜翅目昆虫非常重要,但它们提供的生态系统服务往往被低估,导致生态系统退化和重要服务的丧失。本研究重点关注膜翅目昆虫与一种栉孔凤梨(Encholirium spectabile)之间的联系,并探讨这些昆虫直接和间接促进的生态系统服务。研究区域位于巴西的卡廷加地区,该地区降雨量不规律,且为旱季。研究结果表明,膜翅目昆虫,尤其是蜜蜂、蚂蚁和黄蜂,提供了一系列环境服务,包括授粉、蜂蜜生产、害虫控制、文化象征和教育价值。这些服务对植物繁殖、食物生产和生态系统功能在两个季节都至关重要;不同季节的物种丰富度没有差异,只是物种组成不同。了解膜翅目昆虫对生态系统服务的重要性对于指导保护和管理实践以确保自然生态系统的可持续性至关重要。该研究强调了采取保护行动的必要性,以保护膜翅目昆虫与凤梨之间错综复杂的生态关系,因为凤梨通过提供栖息地和资源间接支持了生态系统服务物种,尤其是在该地区资源稀缺的干旱时期。通过认识到凤梨在支持膜翅目昆虫群落方面的重要性,保护工作可以侧重于保护这些关键的生态互动关系,并维持 ES 的供应。
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引用次数: 0
Vertical Stratification of Solitary Bees and Wasps in an Urban Forest from the Brazilian Amazon 巴西亚马逊城市森林中独居蜜蜂和黄蜂的垂直分层
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01142-9
Hoana Klicia Lopes Guimarães Oliveira, Patrícia Nakayama Miranda, Jean Carlo Gonçalves Ortega, Elder Ferreira Morato

Solitary bees and wasps that nest in cavities in tree trunks are important components of terrestrial ecosystems, providing pollination services, and in the case of wasps, the regulation of their prey populations. However, little is known about the vertical strata where bees and wasps build their nests. This is especially the case of urban forest remnants in the Amazon, which is relevant in the context of the global crisis in insect losses. We investigated the existence of vertical stratification in the nesting of solitary bees and wasps in an urban forest in Rio Branco, state of Acre, in the western Brazilian Amazon. We focused on whether wood temperature, ants, and termites are predictors of bee and wasp nesting. We sampled bee and wasp nests in the forest using trap-nests made with wooden blocks containing cavities with three different diameters for twelve months. Trap-nests were installed randomly at three heights in the forest. We collected 145 nests of 25 species, belonging to 11 genera and 6 families. A higher number of nests and species were collected in the upper stratum of the forest, strengthening the hypothesis that there is vertical stratification in the assemblage of solitary bees and wasps. Wood surface temperature and termite attacks on trap-nests were significantly different between strata, which may explain the vertical stratification of bee and wasp assemblages. Considering the importance of these insects for tropical forest ecosystems, the conservation of structurally complex and stratified forests is of paramount importance to maintain the diversity of this insect group.

在树干蛀洞中筑巢的独居蜜蜂和黄蜂是陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,它们提供授粉服务,对黄蜂来说,还能调节猎物的数量。然而,人们对蜜蜂和黄蜂筑巢的垂直地层知之甚少。亚马逊的城市森林遗迹尤其如此,这与全球昆虫损失危机有关。我们研究了巴西亚马逊西部阿克里州里奥布朗库城市森林中独居蜜蜂和黄蜂筑巢时存在的垂直分层现象。我们重点研究了木材温度、蚂蚁和白蚁是否是蜜蜂和黄蜂筑巢的预测因素。我们使用木块制成的诱捕巢对森林中的蜜蜂和黄蜂筑巢情况进行了为期 12 个月的采样,木块上有三种不同直径的巢穴。诱捕巢随机安装在森林的三个高度。我们共收集到 25 个物种的 145 个巢,隶属于 11 属 6 科。在森林的上层采集到的巢和物种数量较多,这加强了独居蜂和黄蜂群落存在垂直分层的假设。不同地层的木材表面温度和白蚁对诱捕巢的攻击有显著差异,这可能是蜜蜂和黄蜂群落垂直分层的原因。考虑到这些昆虫对热带森林生态系统的重要性,保护结构复杂和分层的森林对维持该昆虫群的多样性至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Identifying Areas of Invasion Risk and Changes in the Ecological Niche Occupied by the Coffee Leaf Miner Leucoptera coffeella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae) 确定咖啡叶潜蝇(鳞翅目:Lyonetiidae)的入侵风险区域和所占生态位的变化
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01148-3
Mariano Altamiranda-Saavedra, Rosa Camaho-Portocarrero, Jose Ortiz Machado, Juan David Martinez Jaramillo, Natalia Torres-Moreno, Juan Carlos Marín-Ortiz, Marisol Giraldo-Jaramillo

Insects of economic importance such as Leucoptera coffeella can cause high defoliation in plants and reduce crop yields. We aimed to identify changes in the ecological niche and potential zones of the invasion. Occurrence records were obtained from databases and bibliography. WorldClim V2.0 bioclimatic layers were used. For the modeling of the potential distribution, the kuenm R package was used by executing the Maxent algorithm. The potential distribution models suggested greatest environmental suitability extends from Europe, South Asia, and Central and South Africa, showing the “tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests” as the ecoregion that presents the greatest probability of the presence of L. coffeella. The potential distribution model projected in the invaded area agrees with the known distribution in the region (America), although the results show that it is occupying environmental spaces not present in the area of origin. This species presented a large proportion of the invaded niche that overlaps the native niche and is colonizing new environmental conditions in the invaded area relative to its native distribution (Africa). This information could be used in the planning of coffee crops on the American continent.

具有重要经济意义的昆虫(如咖啡褐翅虫)会导致植物大量落叶,降低作物产量。我们的目标是确定生态位的变化和潜在的入侵区域。出现记录来自数据库和参考书目。使用了 WorldClim V2.0 生物气候图层。在建立潜在分布模型时,使用了 kuenm R 软件包,并执行了 Maxent 算法。潜在分布模型显示,欧洲、南亚、中非和南非的环境适宜性最高,"热带和亚热带湿润阔叶林 "是咖啡蝇存在可能性最大的生态区域。入侵地区的潜在分布模式与该地区(美洲)的已知分布模式一致,但结果表明它占据了原产地不存在的环境空间。相对于其原生分布区(非洲)而言,该物种在入侵区的大部分生态位与原生生态位重叠,并在入侵区新的环境条件下定居。这一信息可用于美洲大陆咖啡作物的规划。
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Neotropical Entomology
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