Pub Date : 2026-03-25DOI: 10.1038/s43016-026-01313-4
Lorenzo Longobardi, Gianna Bonis-Profumo, Hamza Altarturi, Jessica Bogard, Joctan Dos Reis Lopes, Jeppe Kolding, Villiam Sozinho, Alexander Tilley
Small-scale fisheries are a crucial source of nutrient-dense aquatic foods in low- and middle-income countries, yet practical tools to manage these fisheries to optimize nutritional outcomes in an ecosystem approach remain limited. Here, we present an analytical framework and predictive model of fishery nutrient profiles under typical multi-species multi-gear situations. Using 6 years of catch data from Timor-Leste, we modelled how different fishing methods, habitats, vessel types and seasons influence the yield of nutrients of public health significance. Our results demonstrate that fishing method and habitat are strong predictors of catch nutritional profiles. Importantly, we show that different combinations of fishing strategies can achieve similar nutritional outcomes, indicating complementary management pathways to enhance nutrient availability for communities while balancing ecological, economic and human wellbeing goals. This replicable framework provides actionable insights for nutrition-sensitive fisheries management and offers data-driven guidance for policies aimed at improving food and nutrition security in low- and middle-income countries.
{"title":"Fishery nutrient profiles provide practical guidance for nutrition-sensitive small-scale fisheries management in Timor-Leste","authors":"Lorenzo Longobardi, Gianna Bonis-Profumo, Hamza Altarturi, Jessica Bogard, Joctan Dos Reis Lopes, Jeppe Kolding, Villiam Sozinho, Alexander Tilley","doi":"10.1038/s43016-026-01313-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-026-01313-4","url":null,"abstract":"Small-scale fisheries are a crucial source of nutrient-dense aquatic foods in low- and middle-income countries, yet practical tools to manage these fisheries to optimize nutritional outcomes in an ecosystem approach remain limited. Here, we present an analytical framework and predictive model of fishery nutrient profiles under typical multi-species multi-gear situations. Using 6 years of catch data from Timor-Leste, we modelled how different fishing methods, habitats, vessel types and seasons influence the yield of nutrients of public health significance. Our results demonstrate that fishing method and habitat are strong predictors of catch nutritional profiles. Importantly, we show that different combinations of fishing strategies can achieve similar nutritional outcomes, indicating complementary management pathways to enhance nutrient availability for communities while balancing ecological, economic and human wellbeing goals. This replicable framework provides actionable insights for nutrition-sensitive fisheries management and offers data-driven guidance for policies aimed at improving food and nutrition security in low- and middle-income countries.","PeriodicalId":19090,"journal":{"name":"Nature Food","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147506157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-23DOI: 10.1038/s43016-026-01316-1
Clàudia Rodés-Bachs, Jon Sampedro, Dirk-Jan Van de Ven, Russell Horowitz, Guillermo Pardo, Xin Zhao
Shifting towards plant-based diets and reducing ruminant-based food consumption offers broad benefits but varies across regions. Here we use an integrated assessment model to explore sustainable dietary transitions under diverse consumers, behavioural adoption and regional uncertainties. Increasing plant protein intake or lowering ruminant reliance can support nutritionally adequate diets while improving calorie intake. These dietary shifts also reduce greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution-related mortality, water scarcity and food expenditure. In addition, they promote re/afforestation, biodiversity and lower mitigation costs under Nationally Determined Contributions and Long-Term Targets climate policies. Regional strategies prove more effective than uniform global targets. Our results highlight the importance of supportive policies to enable dietary change, demonstrating the dual public health and environmental gains of sustainable consumption patterns.
{"title":"Region-specific and nutritionally adequate dietary transitions can bolster sustainability and socioeconomic benefits","authors":"Clàudia Rodés-Bachs, Jon Sampedro, Dirk-Jan Van de Ven, Russell Horowitz, Guillermo Pardo, Xin Zhao","doi":"10.1038/s43016-026-01316-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-026-01316-1","url":null,"abstract":"Shifting towards plant-based diets and reducing ruminant-based food consumption offers broad benefits but varies across regions. Here we use an integrated assessment model to explore sustainable dietary transitions under diverse consumers, behavioural adoption and regional uncertainties. Increasing plant protein intake or lowering ruminant reliance can support nutritionally adequate diets while improving calorie intake. These dietary shifts also reduce greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution-related mortality, water scarcity and food expenditure. In addition, they promote re/afforestation, biodiversity and lower mitigation costs under Nationally Determined Contributions and Long-Term Targets climate policies. Regional strategies prove more effective than uniform global targets. Our results highlight the importance of supportive policies to enable dietary change, demonstrating the dual public health and environmental gains of sustainable consumption patterns.","PeriodicalId":19090,"journal":{"name":"Nature Food","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147496711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-23DOI: 10.1038/s43016-026-01329-w
Ruben Vingerhoets, Marc Spiller, Rahul Ravi, David De Pue, Siegfried E. Vlaeminck, Jeroen Buysse, Erik Meers
Nutrient pollution from livestock incurs high societal costs in hotspot regions. Here we integrate spatial externality internalization and circularity incentives into optimized manure and fertilizer strategies using Flanders as a case study. Internalization cuts societal costs by a quarter by intensifying processing, prioritizing ammonia abatement near sensitive areas and reducing methane emissions. While carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide rise with processing, circular technologies mitigate trade-offs by reducing fertilizer demand.
{"title":"Spatially optimized manure management and nutrient recovery can reduce societal costs in a European livestock production hotspot","authors":"Ruben Vingerhoets, Marc Spiller, Rahul Ravi, David De Pue, Siegfried E. Vlaeminck, Jeroen Buysse, Erik Meers","doi":"10.1038/s43016-026-01329-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-026-01329-w","url":null,"abstract":"Nutrient pollution from livestock incurs high societal costs in hotspot regions. Here we integrate spatial externality internalization and circularity incentives into optimized manure and fertilizer strategies using Flanders as a case study. Internalization cuts societal costs by a quarter by intensifying processing, prioritizing ammonia abatement near sensitive areas and reducing methane emissions. While carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide rise with processing, circular technologies mitigate trade-offs by reducing fertilizer demand.","PeriodicalId":19090,"journal":{"name":"Nature Food","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147496706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-19DOI: 10.1038/s43016-026-01324-1
Barbara Burlingame,Valmaine Toki,Viliamu Iese
{"title":"Restoring the mana of the moana for ecological and food-system resilience in the Hauraki Gulf.","authors":"Barbara Burlingame,Valmaine Toki,Viliamu Iese","doi":"10.1038/s43016-026-01324-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-026-01324-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19090,"journal":{"name":"Nature Food","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-16DOI: 10.1038/s43016-026-01322-3
Shujuan Xia, Tomoko Hasegawa, Thanapat Jansakoo, Daniel Mason-D’Croz, Kazuaki Tsuchiya, Shinichiro Fujimori, Maksym Chepeliev, Marta Kozicka, Abhijeet Mishra, Willem-Jan van Zeist, Xin Zhao, Thijs de Lange, Thais Diniz Oliveira, Jonathan C. Doelman, Matthew Gibson, Petr Havlík, Mario Herrero, Ipsita Kumar, Yuki Ochi, Timothy B. Sulser, Marina Sundiang, Kiyoshi Takahashi, Jun’ya Takakura, Keith Wiebe
Studies warning of the potential negative effects of climate mitigation on food security through the competing use of land for bioenergy and afforestation have overlooked the impact of reduced ozone and its potential enhancement of crop yields. Here we use six global agro-economic models to compare the impacts of climate change with climate mitigation policy and ozone reduction on agriculture. We find that ozone reduction could reduce the negative impact of a 1.5 °C-consistent climate change mitigation policy on global hunger by 15% in 2050. Sub-Saharan Africa and India, where hunger is most severe, account for 56% of this global reduction. Our findings indicate that the negative effects of climate mitigation on global hunger could be partially offset by the ozone reduction impact.
{"title":"Ozone pollution reduction partially offsets the negative impact of climate change mitigation efforts on global hunger","authors":"Shujuan Xia, Tomoko Hasegawa, Thanapat Jansakoo, Daniel Mason-D’Croz, Kazuaki Tsuchiya, Shinichiro Fujimori, Maksym Chepeliev, Marta Kozicka, Abhijeet Mishra, Willem-Jan van Zeist, Xin Zhao, Thijs de Lange, Thais Diniz Oliveira, Jonathan C. Doelman, Matthew Gibson, Petr Havlík, Mario Herrero, Ipsita Kumar, Yuki Ochi, Timothy B. Sulser, Marina Sundiang, Kiyoshi Takahashi, Jun’ya Takakura, Keith Wiebe","doi":"10.1038/s43016-026-01322-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-026-01322-3","url":null,"abstract":"Studies warning of the potential negative effects of climate mitigation on food security through the competing use of land for bioenergy and afforestation have overlooked the impact of reduced ozone and its potential enhancement of crop yields. Here we use six global agro-economic models to compare the impacts of climate change with climate mitigation policy and ozone reduction on agriculture. We find that ozone reduction could reduce the negative impact of a 1.5 °C-consistent climate change mitigation policy on global hunger by 15% in 2050. Sub-Saharan Africa and India, where hunger is most severe, account for 56% of this global reduction. Our findings indicate that the negative effects of climate mitigation on global hunger could be partially offset by the ozone reduction impact.","PeriodicalId":19090,"journal":{"name":"Nature Food","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147464895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-16DOI: 10.1038/s43016-026-01317-0
Daniel Chrisendo, Sara Heikonen, Johannes Piipponen, Thomas Banafa, Delphine Deryng, Mohammad El Wali, Matias Heino, Xavier Irz, Mika Jalava, Josias Láng-Ritter, Rachel Mazac, Venla Niva, Mia Pihlajamäki, Marja Roitto, Hanna L. Tuomisto, Matti Kummu
Socio-economic conditions influence the implementation of proposed solutions for transforming food systems. Here we systematically screen over 1,700 articles and select 349 for detailed review, investigating the role of socio-economic drivers in sustainable food systems transformations across different world contexts. We identify seven sustainable food systems transformations, including sustainable land resources and soil health, precision agricultural practices, diet change and novel food transition, good nutrition and health, food loss and waste reduction, healthy freshwater and marine ecosystems, and climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation. We propose socio-economic pathways comprising specific socio-economic drivers needed for achieving them and provide actor-specific recommendations to support sustainable food systems transformations.
{"title":"A systematic review of sustainable food systems identifies socio-economic pathways driving food systems transformations","authors":"Daniel Chrisendo, Sara Heikonen, Johannes Piipponen, Thomas Banafa, Delphine Deryng, Mohammad El Wali, Matias Heino, Xavier Irz, Mika Jalava, Josias Láng-Ritter, Rachel Mazac, Venla Niva, Mia Pihlajamäki, Marja Roitto, Hanna L. Tuomisto, Matti Kummu","doi":"10.1038/s43016-026-01317-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-026-01317-0","url":null,"abstract":"Socio-economic conditions influence the implementation of proposed solutions for transforming food systems. Here we systematically screen over 1,700 articles and select 349 for detailed review, investigating the role of socio-economic drivers in sustainable food systems transformations across different world contexts. We identify seven sustainable food systems transformations, including sustainable land resources and soil health, precision agricultural practices, diet change and novel food transition, good nutrition and health, food loss and waste reduction, healthy freshwater and marine ecosystems, and climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation. We propose socio-economic pathways comprising specific socio-economic drivers needed for achieving them and provide actor-specific recommendations to support sustainable food systems transformations.","PeriodicalId":19090,"journal":{"name":"Nature Food","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147464893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-13DOI: 10.1038/s43016-026-01331-2
Albert Muleke,Karen Michelle Christie-Whitehead,Michelle Cain,Ke Liu,Paul John Burgess,Catherine Wiltshire,Georgios Pexas,Matthew Tom Harrison
Regenerative agriculture can be deconstructed into several constituent practices, including adaptive multi-paddock (AMP) grazing, improved biodiversity, silvopasture, and minimizing cultivation and synthetic fertilizer inputs. Here, using farms across a rainfall gradient, we examined how three constituents-pasture species composition, antecedent soil organic carbon (SOC) and AMP grazing-influenced SOC accrual, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, production and profitability. Whole-farm stocking rate and rainfall exerted a stronger influence on pasture production, SOC, GHG emissions and profit than pasture diversity or grazing management. Production was more strongly associated with individual pasture species, rather than species diversity per se. Notwithstanding carbon removals through increased SOC stocks, enteric methane remained the dominant source of farm GHG emissions. Low-intensity grazing with short rest periods was generally more profitable, whereas AMP grazing promoted greater pasture growth, SOC accrual and emissions abatement; AMP also performed more favourably when emissions, profit and productivity were considered together. Persistent trade-offs between economic and environmental outcomes indicate that grazing regimes delivering the greatest SOC accrual and GHG mitigation are not necessarily the most profitable, reinforcing the need to rationalize objectives when designing resilient, practical and low-emissions farming systems.
{"title":"Regenerative agriculture improves productivity and profitability while reducing greenhouse gas emissions on Australian sheep farms.","authors":"Albert Muleke,Karen Michelle Christie-Whitehead,Michelle Cain,Ke Liu,Paul John Burgess,Catherine Wiltshire,Georgios Pexas,Matthew Tom Harrison","doi":"10.1038/s43016-026-01331-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-026-01331-2","url":null,"abstract":"Regenerative agriculture can be deconstructed into several constituent practices, including adaptive multi-paddock (AMP) grazing, improved biodiversity, silvopasture, and minimizing cultivation and synthetic fertilizer inputs. Here, using farms across a rainfall gradient, we examined how three constituents-pasture species composition, antecedent soil organic carbon (SOC) and AMP grazing-influenced SOC accrual, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, production and profitability. Whole-farm stocking rate and rainfall exerted a stronger influence on pasture production, SOC, GHG emissions and profit than pasture diversity or grazing management. Production was more strongly associated with individual pasture species, rather than species diversity per se. Notwithstanding carbon removals through increased SOC stocks, enteric methane remained the dominant source of farm GHG emissions. Low-intensity grazing with short rest periods was generally more profitable, whereas AMP grazing promoted greater pasture growth, SOC accrual and emissions abatement; AMP also performed more favourably when emissions, profit and productivity were considered together. Persistent trade-offs between economic and environmental outcomes indicate that grazing regimes delivering the greatest SOC accrual and GHG mitigation are not necessarily the most profitable, reinforcing the need to rationalize objectives when designing resilient, practical and low-emissions farming systems.","PeriodicalId":19090,"journal":{"name":"Nature Food","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147447075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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