Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/141
L. Vakariuk, O. Bernaziuk, N. Blok, O. Serdiuk, N. Zilnyk
Purpose. To study changes in legal provisions regarding social protection of employees because of legal restrictions put into effect during martial law. To develop recommendations for clarifying the legal provisions of specified restrictions. To propose ways and directions of strengthening protection of the social rights of employees (SRE). Methodology. General and special methods of cognition are used: hermeneutic method – for the interpretation of legal provisions of legislative acts, which regulate legal provision of SRE; analysis and synthesis – to study changes in legal provision of SRE; induction and deduction – to develop recommendation on clarifying the legal provisions of normative restrictions on SRE: analytical, formal legal and special legal methods – to determine the ways and directions of strengthening protection of SRE. Findings. The changes in the legal framework for the protection of SRE because of legal restrictions put into effect during martial law are studied and presence of some inconsistencies in legal provisions is indicated, which requires clarification of new legal concepts and the application of indicating norms. The need for a well-founded implementation of a dispositive approach to rules for protection of SRE is pointed out and as well as for an imperative approach to the rules that the employer must follow. It is proposed to weaken the tendency to oust collective agreements from the legal field. Normalization of feedback between legislators and public organizations and trade unions is proposed. Originality. Insufficiency of the legal conditions-indicators in normative-legislative field regarding introduction of SRE narrowing and limitation of the legal possibilities for their protection are pointed out. Recommendations to clarify the legal provisions of regulatory restrictions of SRE are developed. Ways and directions of strengthening the protection of SRE are proposed. Practical value. The introduction of indicating norms and the implementation of the proposed recommendations will contribute to the strengthening of SRE protection.
{"title":"Legal provision of social protection of employees in the conditions of martial law","authors":"L. Vakariuk, O. Bernaziuk, N. Blok, O. Serdiuk, N. Zilnyk","doi":"10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/141","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To study changes in legal provisions regarding social protection of employees because of legal restrictions put into effect during martial law. To develop recommendations for clarifying the legal provisions of specified restrictions. To propose ways and directions of strengthening protection of the social rights of employees (SRE). Methodology. General and special methods of cognition are used: hermeneutic method – for the interpretation of legal provisions of legislative acts, which regulate legal provision of SRE; analysis and synthesis – to study changes in legal provision of SRE; induction and deduction – to develop recommendation on clarifying the legal provisions of normative restrictions on SRE: analytical, formal legal and special legal methods – to determine the ways and directions of strengthening protection of SRE. Findings. The changes in the legal framework for the protection of SRE because of legal restrictions put into effect during martial law are studied and presence of some inconsistencies in legal provisions is indicated, which requires clarification of new legal concepts and the application of indicating norms. The need for a well-founded implementation of a dispositive approach to rules for protection of SRE is pointed out and as well as for an imperative approach to the rules that the employer must follow. It is proposed to weaken the tendency to oust collective agreements from the legal field. Normalization of feedback between legislators and public organizations and trade unions is proposed. Originality. Insufficiency of the legal conditions-indicators in normative-legislative field regarding introduction of SRE narrowing and limitation of the legal possibilities for their protection are pointed out. Recommendations to clarify the legal provisions of regulatory restrictions of SRE are developed. Ways and directions of strengthening the protection of SRE are proposed. Practical value. The introduction of indicating norms and the implementation of the proposed recommendations will contribute to the strengthening of SRE protection.","PeriodicalId":19101,"journal":{"name":"Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu","volume":"191 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139163080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/061
M. A. R. Morsli, S. Berdoudi, A. Hafsaoui, A. I. Kanli, M. Ferfar
Purpose. To analyze, study and predict surface settlements during the digging of a tunnel in an urban area located in the Algerian capital and to take the necessary measures. Methodology. Based on the physical and mechanical parameters and the geological characteristics of the actual traversed layer, and taking into account the geometric parameters of the tunnel, the mechanical model is established, and the numerical simulation is designed to determine the settlement deformation and displacement of the overlying zone under mining disturbance. Findings. Due to the impact of the excavation works, the land will undergo large deformations such as collapse. So, it is necessary to take corrective measures to limit its effect on the surrounding environment and protect urban areas. Originality. The application of a complex of methods allowed providing a predictive assessment of the safety of mining workings in urban conditions. The study was conducted in two main stages; a geotechnical characterization in situ and in the laboratory to determine the necessary properties of the soil and rock mass used in our model, and in a second step, the development of feedback analysis using numerical modelling based on the data collected. Practical value. From this study, the results obtained seem to show vertical displacements that exceed international standards in urban areas (1/1000, which can induce significant ground movements and therefore an influence on the surrounding environment. As a solution, there is a possibility of reducing the deformations by improving the mechanical properties of the soil carrying the project using the Jet-Grouting technique – the technique has shown its effectiveness in reducing settlements with a reduction rate of 78 %.
{"title":"Analysis and prediction of surface settlements during the digging of underground mining works (Algeria)","authors":"M. A. R. Morsli, S. Berdoudi, A. Hafsaoui, A. I. Kanli, M. Ferfar","doi":"10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/061","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To analyze, study and predict surface settlements during the digging of a tunnel in an urban area located in the Algerian capital and to take the necessary measures. Methodology. Based on the physical and mechanical parameters and the geological characteristics of the actual traversed layer, and taking into account the geometric parameters of the tunnel, the mechanical model is established, and the numerical simulation is designed to determine the settlement deformation and displacement of the overlying zone under mining disturbance. Findings. Due to the impact of the excavation works, the land will undergo large deformations such as collapse. So, it is necessary to take corrective measures to limit its effect on the surrounding environment and protect urban areas. Originality. The application of a complex of methods allowed providing a predictive assessment of the safety of mining workings in urban conditions. The study was conducted in two main stages; a geotechnical characterization in situ and in the laboratory to determine the necessary properties of the soil and rock mass used in our model, and in a second step, the development of feedback analysis using numerical modelling based on the data collected. Practical value. From this study, the results obtained seem to show vertical displacements that exceed international standards in urban areas (1/1000, which can induce significant ground movements and therefore an influence on the surrounding environment. As a solution, there is a possibility of reducing the deformations by improving the mechanical properties of the soil carrying the project using the Jet-Grouting technique – the technique has shown its effectiveness in reducing settlements with a reduction rate of 78 %.","PeriodicalId":19101,"journal":{"name":"Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu","volume":"32 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139162078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/039
Dao Hieu, Pham Thanh Loan
Purpose. To build an identification model to determine the appropriate explosion parameters value with reasonable cost. To optimize blasting works design at each blast site with the calculation of delay time based on the model used. Methodology. Blasting for mining is an issue of utilizing the most of explosive energy in order to achieve the highest smashing ability and the smallest level of vibration. In modern explosive techniques, the total amount of explosive is divided into parts to detonate after differential time intervals. This solution creates interference between stress waves causing the durability of rock structures to be reduced and the blasting efficiency to be improved. Although delay time plays an important role in this method, so far its value is still calculated empirically at the blast site due to the irregular characteristic of the rock environment. Technical design parameters for explosion including delay time has been also determined from smart analysis software and simulation models. However, their applicability is limited because of high payments and strict implementation conditions. The method proposed in the study overcomes this drawback and its effectiveness is proven by the process of analyzing experimental data at Nui Beo Mountain of Vietnam. Findings. An identification model is developed based on the information including: explosion delay time value; average propagation speed of the vibration wave; maximum amplitude of the vibration wave. Originality. Basic data analysis software and an artificial neural network model are used. A new data analysis algorithm is established to determine the optimal explosion delay time value. Practical value. A simple and reasonable-cost solution is formed for improving the efficiency of blasting in mining.
{"title":"Data analysis solutions to improve blasting efficiency in mining","authors":"Dao Hieu, Pham Thanh Loan","doi":"10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/039","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To build an identification model to determine the appropriate explosion parameters value with reasonable cost. To optimize blasting works design at each blast site with the calculation of delay time based on the model used. Methodology. Blasting for mining is an issue of utilizing the most of explosive energy in order to achieve the highest smashing ability and the smallest level of vibration. In modern explosive techniques, the total amount of explosive is divided into parts to detonate after differential time intervals. This solution creates interference between stress waves causing the durability of rock structures to be reduced and the blasting efficiency to be improved. Although delay time plays an important role in this method, so far its value is still calculated empirically at the blast site due to the irregular characteristic of the rock environment. Technical design parameters for explosion including delay time has been also determined from smart analysis software and simulation models. However, their applicability is limited because of high payments and strict implementation conditions. The method proposed in the study overcomes this drawback and its effectiveness is proven by the process of analyzing experimental data at Nui Beo Mountain of Vietnam. Findings. An identification model is developed based on the information including: explosion delay time value; average propagation speed of the vibration wave; maximum amplitude of the vibration wave. Originality. Basic data analysis software and an artificial neural network model are used. A new data analysis algorithm is established to determine the optimal explosion delay time value. Practical value. A simple and reasonable-cost solution is formed for improving the efficiency of blasting in mining.","PeriodicalId":19101,"journal":{"name":"Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139162281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/175
V. Prokhorova, O. Yemelyanov, O. Koleshchuk, N. Antonenko, A. Zaitseva
Purpose. Formation of theoretical and methodological approaches to structuring information provision and assessing its significance for achieving energy-saving economic development of enterprises. Methodology. In the research process, the following methods were used: economic-mathematical modeling, grouping, generalization, system analysis, etc. Findings. The conditions under which energy-saving economic development takes place at enterprises have been formalized. Methodological principles of quantitative and qualitative assessment of the level of such development are proposed. The array of information necessary for managing the energy-saving economic development of enterprises is structured. Based on a sample of 150 Ukrainian enterprises that consume natural gas, the level of energy-saving economic development is assessed. The importance of information management of this development is substantiated. Originality. The methods for grouping the types of economic development of the enterprise by highlighting a new classification characteristic, namely: the nature of the relationship between the change in the value of a certain financial and economic result of the enterprise’s activity and the change in its consumption of a certain type (types) of energy resources, have gained further development. Methodological principles for assessing the impact of the quality of information support on the performance of enterprises have been improved through the substantiation of the approach, which determines the impact of the completeness of information support for the management of energy-saving economic development of enterprises on its level. An approach to structuring an array of information for managing energy-saving economic development of enterprises is proposed, which, unlike the existing ones, involves taking into account the hierarchical nature of the array of data. Practical value. The obtained results can be used by enterprises when evaluating the dynamics of their economic results in comparison with changes in the amount of consumption of energy resources and when forming information support for the management of energy-saving economic development.
{"title":"Information support for management of energy-saving economic development of enterprises","authors":"V. Prokhorova, O. Yemelyanov, O. Koleshchuk, N. Antonenko, A. Zaitseva","doi":"10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/175","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Formation of theoretical and methodological approaches to structuring information provision and assessing its significance for achieving energy-saving economic development of enterprises. Methodology. In the research process, the following methods were used: economic-mathematical modeling, grouping, generalization, system analysis, etc. Findings. The conditions under which energy-saving economic development takes place at enterprises have been formalized. Methodological principles of quantitative and qualitative assessment of the level of such development are proposed. The array of information necessary for managing the energy-saving economic development of enterprises is structured. Based on a sample of 150 Ukrainian enterprises that consume natural gas, the level of energy-saving economic development is assessed. The importance of information management of this development is substantiated. Originality. The methods for grouping the types of economic development of the enterprise by highlighting a new classification characteristic, namely: the nature of the relationship between the change in the value of a certain financial and economic result of the enterprise’s activity and the change in its consumption of a certain type (types) of energy resources, have gained further development. Methodological principles for assessing the impact of the quality of information support on the performance of enterprises have been improved through the substantiation of the approach, which determines the impact of the completeness of information support for the management of energy-saving economic development of enterprises on its level. An approach to structuring an array of information for managing energy-saving economic development of enterprises is proposed, which, unlike the existing ones, involves taking into account the hierarchical nature of the array of data. Practical value. The obtained results can be used by enterprises when evaluating the dynamics of their economic results in comparison with changes in the amount of consumption of energy resources and when forming information support for the management of energy-saving economic development.","PeriodicalId":19101,"journal":{"name":"Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139162500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/156
P. Zakharchenko, O. Romanenko, L. Alaverdian, R. Dymenko, S. Tsymbal
As a result of the reforms carried out in our society, great changes are taking place in the education system. Taking into account the prospects and priorities of the economic development, modern equipment and technological trends, the urgent problem is the fundamental improvement of the quality of personnel training necessary for the industries and sectors of the economy. Existing work experience of an employee is highly valued by companies, so its absence is the main obstacle for those who are looking for a job for the first time. Many young people fall into a vicious circle: they cannot find their first job, cannot get a job, because they do not have work experience. The practice of mentoring has a large-scale impact on promoting youth employment and is one of the main reasons for reducing youth unemployment. Purpose. The main goal of the research is to study the peculiarities of the organization of the educational process in the conditions of dual education of students. Methodology. Research methods can be divided into two categories – theoretical ones: systematic analysis, synthesis, generalization, analysis of philosophical, pedagogical, psychological, methodological and technical issues related to the research problem, and experimental ones: observation, conversation, monitoring, survey and testing, pedagogical experiment. Innovative methods are introduced into the research process; they are used during lectures, seminars, practical classes, business games, projects, simulation modeling of problem situations, thematic conferences with the participation of employers. Despite certain shortcomings, the dual system of training is one of the successful models of cooperative training and production, which can be used as an innovative type of organization of targeted training. Findings. The work considers the main aspects of the organization of specialist training in the conditions of interaction between educational institutions and enterprises. After all, the organization of the training process at the enterprise according to the dual form of obtaining education is aimed at the formation of special knowledge, abilities and skills necessary for the performance of qualified professional activities. Originality. The authors considered the concept of the development of the system of dual-form education in Ukraine in modern conditions, which takes into account the historical chronology of the formation of this process, formalizes individual stages and initiates the principles of planning the future development of this domestic system in institutions of higher education. Practical value. The results of this study can be applied by scientific and pedagogical teams of educational institutions of higher and vocational education, as well as by representatives of employers who implement a dual education system.
{"title":"Dual form of education within the framework of contemporary educational trends in Ukraine","authors":"P. Zakharchenko, O. Romanenko, L. Alaverdian, R. Dymenko, S. Tsymbal","doi":"10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/156","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of the reforms carried out in our society, great changes are taking place in the education system. Taking into account the prospects and priorities of the economic development, modern equipment and technological trends, the urgent problem is the fundamental improvement of the quality of personnel training necessary for the industries and sectors of the economy. Existing work experience of an employee is highly valued by companies, so its absence is the main obstacle for those who are looking for a job for the first time. Many young people fall into a vicious circle: they cannot find their first job, cannot get a job, because they do not have work experience. The practice of mentoring has a large-scale impact on promoting youth employment and is one of the main reasons for reducing youth unemployment. Purpose. The main goal of the research is to study the peculiarities of the organization of the educational process in the conditions of dual education of students. Methodology. Research methods can be divided into two categories – theoretical ones: systematic analysis, synthesis, generalization, analysis of philosophical, pedagogical, psychological, methodological and technical issues related to the research problem, and experimental ones: observation, conversation, monitoring, survey and testing, pedagogical experiment. Innovative methods are introduced into the research process; they are used during lectures, seminars, practical classes, business games, projects, simulation modeling of problem situations, thematic conferences with the participation of employers. Despite certain shortcomings, the dual system of training is one of the successful models of cooperative training and production, which can be used as an innovative type of organization of targeted training. Findings. The work considers the main aspects of the organization of specialist training in the conditions of interaction between educational institutions and enterprises. After all, the organization of the training process at the enterprise according to the dual form of obtaining education is aimed at the formation of special knowledge, abilities and skills necessary for the performance of qualified professional activities. Originality. The authors considered the concept of the development of the system of dual-form education in Ukraine in modern conditions, which takes into account the historical chronology of the formation of this process, formalizes individual stages and initiates the principles of planning the future development of this domestic system in institutions of higher education. Practical value. The results of this study can be applied by scientific and pedagogical teams of educational institutions of higher and vocational education, as well as by representatives of employers who implement a dual education system.","PeriodicalId":19101,"journal":{"name":"Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139162738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/086
Nguyen Truong Giang, Do Nhu Y, Nguyen Thac Khanh, Ngo Xuan Cuong
Purpose. To determine DC leakage current in mine power network with long DC power transmission. Methodology. Nowadays, the increase in capacity and working depth leads to the use of DC power transmission, which has many benefits both economically and technically in mining. However, the appearance of DC power transmission changes the structure of the network. In the underground mine power network, there will be electrical networks with industrial frequency 50 Hz, DC power networks, and power networks after variable frequency inverters. The correlation of these network parameters complicates leakage protection in the mine power network. For DC power transmission in mining, the DC network parts have a large length, so during the working process, electricity leakage in these parts of the network often occurs. Leakage current in a DC network depends not only on DC network parameters but also on AC network parameters. The article uses analytical methods and simulation methods on Matlab/Simulink software to determine leakage currents in underground mine power networks with DC transmission when there is a change in power network parameters. Findings. The research results show that the leakage current value of the DC network is greatly affected when the insulation parameters of the electrical network change, not only in the DC power network but also in the AC network before and after the inverter. This causes the unreliable operation of the leakage protection device in this DC transmission network. Originality. Calculation model and simulation of DC leakage current in underground mine power networks with long DC transmission in mining in Vietnam Practical value. The research results are the basis for calculating and selecting leakage protection equipment for the purpose of improving safety in underground mining in Vietnam.
{"title":"Study of leakage current in underground mine power network: a case study in mining in Vietnam","authors":"Nguyen Truong Giang, Do Nhu Y, Nguyen Thac Khanh, Ngo Xuan Cuong","doi":"10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/086","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To determine DC leakage current in mine power network with long DC power transmission. Methodology. Nowadays, the increase in capacity and working depth leads to the use of DC power transmission, which has many benefits both economically and technically in mining. However, the appearance of DC power transmission changes the structure of the network. In the underground mine power network, there will be electrical networks with industrial frequency 50 Hz, DC power networks, and power networks after variable frequency inverters. The correlation of these network parameters complicates leakage protection in the mine power network. For DC power transmission in mining, the DC network parts have a large length, so during the working process, electricity leakage in these parts of the network often occurs. Leakage current in a DC network depends not only on DC network parameters but also on AC network parameters. The article uses analytical methods and simulation methods on Matlab/Simulink software to determine leakage currents in underground mine power networks with DC transmission when there is a change in power network parameters. Findings. The research results show that the leakage current value of the DC network is greatly affected when the insulation parameters of the electrical network change, not only in the DC power network but also in the AC network before and after the inverter. This causes the unreliable operation of the leakage protection device in this DC transmission network. Originality. Calculation model and simulation of DC leakage current in underground mine power networks with long DC transmission in mining in Vietnam Practical value. The research results are the basis for calculating and selecting leakage protection equipment for the purpose of improving safety in underground mining in Vietnam.","PeriodicalId":19101,"journal":{"name":"Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu","volume":"72 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139162742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/067
O. Ishchenko, O. P. Strilets
Purpose. To develop new resource-saving method of underground construction and evaluate how effective it is, to set thresholds for safe seismic ground vibrations which accompany explosions during breaking in mine workings. Methodology. The work used method of analysing mining and geological conditions of workings, field surveys of rock conditions in face, experiments are conducted on rock samples taken from blasting sites, more detailed data are obtained on rock properties, type and direction of development of crack systems along the workings cross-section by funneling method and approved research methods in accordance with current State Standards. Findings. Research has been carried out to determine main features of physical and mechanical properties of rocks, fracture and tectonic structure of rock mass and development of fracture systems. According to the results of ejection funnel parameters, the anisotropy coefficient was calculated, and according to data on identification of crack systems and their density, fracture coefficient was calculated. The experimental data obtained were used to adjust rational distances between contour boreholes and along the entire cross-section of working face. Based on corrected drilling and blasting operations (DBO), experimental explosions were carried out in workings. It was established that the borehole utilisation rate (BUR) was 0.95–0.97, uniformity of rock mass crushing was achieved, and explosive material consumption was reduced by 10–15 %. Instrumental measurements of explosion impact in workings proved seismic ground vibrations at protected facilities amounted to 0.4 cm/s with a duration of 0.05 s, which did not exceed the State Standard. Originality. Optimal DBO parameters are substantiated based on changes in numerical parameters of anisotropy and fracture coefficient, as well as radius of fracture zone along the cross-section of working face. The idea of forming a shielding zone along the contour of workings with explosive charges having an elongated symmetrical cut was confirmed and technically implemented. Practical value. Laboratory and field research results are fundamental for designing borehole layouts along workings and refer to major initial data used to justify design parameters of blasting chart.
{"title":"Efficiency and seismic safety of constructing underground structures in complex rock masses","authors":"O. Ishchenko, O. P. Strilets","doi":"10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/067","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To develop new resource-saving method of underground construction and evaluate how effective it is, to set thresholds for safe seismic ground vibrations which accompany explosions during breaking in mine workings. Methodology. The work used method of analysing mining and geological conditions of workings, field surveys of rock conditions in face, experiments are conducted on rock samples taken from blasting sites, more detailed data are obtained on rock properties, type and direction of development of crack systems along the workings cross-section by funneling method and approved research methods in accordance with current State Standards. Findings. Research has been carried out to determine main features of physical and mechanical properties of rocks, fracture and tectonic structure of rock mass and development of fracture systems. According to the results of ejection funnel parameters, the anisotropy coefficient was calculated, and according to data on identification of crack systems and their density, fracture coefficient was calculated. The experimental data obtained were used to adjust rational distances between contour boreholes and along the entire cross-section of working face. Based on corrected drilling and blasting operations (DBO), experimental explosions were carried out in workings. It was established that the borehole utilisation rate (BUR) was 0.95–0.97, uniformity of rock mass crushing was achieved, and explosive material consumption was reduced by 10–15 %. Instrumental measurements of explosion impact in workings proved seismic ground vibrations at protected facilities amounted to 0.4 cm/s with a duration of 0.05 s, which did not exceed the State Standard. Originality. Optimal DBO parameters are substantiated based on changes in numerical parameters of anisotropy and fracture coefficient, as well as radius of fracture zone along the cross-section of working face. The idea of forming a shielding zone along the contour of workings with explosive charges having an elongated symmetrical cut was confirmed and technically implemented. Practical value. Laboratory and field research results are fundamental for designing borehole layouts along workings and refer to major initial data used to justify design parameters of blasting chart.","PeriodicalId":19101,"journal":{"name":"Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu","volume":"156 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139160966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/005
M. Chebanov, H. Pcholkin, A. Makurin, O. Lozhnikov
Purpose. To justify the parameters of the technological scheme of working out an advanced overburden bench by a bucket-wheel excavator, to reduce the cost of overburden work at Pit 7 of Vilnohirsk Mining and Metallurgical Plant. Methodology. Setting the parameters of the technological scheme of the bucket-wheel excavator was performed by the graphic-analytical method, which involves taking into account the technical characteristics of the mining machine, the physical and mechanical properties of the mining rocks and the stable slope angle of the advanced overburden bench. The substantiation of the effectiveness of application of the technological scheme with a forward trench was made by the technical and economic calculation of the specific costs on overburden works. Findings. The possibility of increasing the height of the overburden bench when using a technological scheme with a forward trench was evaluated. Reasonable parameters of the forward trench, in which the bucket-wheel excavator can develop a forward pit bench with a capacity of 40 m with a stable slope angle of 30°. This allows reducing the amount of mining haulage equipment and reducing overburden costs by up to 50 %. Originality. The minimum slope angle of the overburden slope at the maximum digging height of the ERShR-1600-40/7 excavator, which is equal to 40° at a slope height of 40 m, was established. The dependence of the resulting slope angle of on the re-excavation coefficient of the mining rock mass was established. This makes it possible to assert that when this angle is increased the re-excavation rate will decrease. It was established that at the applying technological scheme with a forward trench in the conditions of Vilnohirsk MMP, the coefficient of overburden re-excavation will be k = 0.09. Practical value. A technological scheme for the development of an advanced overburden bench by the bucket-wheel excavator with a forward trench allows increasing its developed bench height. This makes it possible to reduce the operational cost for overburden works by refuse from haulage mining system with dump trucks.
{"title":"Substantiation of the technological parameters of bucket-wheel excavator forward trench when mining titanium deposits","authors":"M. Chebanov, H. Pcholkin, A. Makurin, O. Lozhnikov","doi":"10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/005","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To justify the parameters of the technological scheme of working out an advanced overburden bench by a bucket-wheel excavator, to reduce the cost of overburden work at Pit 7 of Vilnohirsk Mining and Metallurgical Plant. Methodology. Setting the parameters of the technological scheme of the bucket-wheel excavator was performed by the graphic-analytical method, which involves taking into account the technical characteristics of the mining machine, the physical and mechanical properties of the mining rocks and the stable slope angle of the advanced overburden bench. The substantiation of the effectiveness of application of the technological scheme with a forward trench was made by the technical and economic calculation of the specific costs on overburden works. Findings. The possibility of increasing the height of the overburden bench when using a technological scheme with a forward trench was evaluated. Reasonable parameters of the forward trench, in which the bucket-wheel excavator can develop a forward pit bench with a capacity of 40 m with a stable slope angle of 30°. This allows reducing the amount of mining haulage equipment and reducing overburden costs by up to 50 %. Originality. The minimum slope angle of the overburden slope at the maximum digging height of the ERShR-1600-40/7 excavator, which is equal to 40° at a slope height of 40 m, was established. The dependence of the resulting slope angle of on the re-excavation coefficient of the mining rock mass was established. This makes it possible to assert that when this angle is increased the re-excavation rate will decrease. It was established that at the applying technological scheme with a forward trench in the conditions of Vilnohirsk MMP, the coefficient of overburden re-excavation will be k = 0.09. Practical value. A technological scheme for the development of an advanced overburden bench by the bucket-wheel excavator with a forward trench allows increasing its developed bench height. This makes it possible to reduce the operational cost for overburden works by refuse from haulage mining system with dump trucks.","PeriodicalId":19101,"journal":{"name":"Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu","volume":"6 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139161340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/093
O. Bialobrzheskyi, A. Postil, S. Yakimets
Purpose. Based on the instantaneous electrical power of a three-phase asymmetric system of sinusoidal periodic current, to determine positive, negative, zero-sequences active and reactive power, as well as invariance power factor. Methodology. In the unbalance case in three-phase electrical system, the electrical energy quality is evaluated by means on voltage and current positive, negative, zero-sequences. At the same time, similar components of active and reactive power have not received practical distribution. But it is precisely in terms of power that electricity is accounted for. The instantaneous power orthogonal components in the time domain are determined using the symmetrical components of voltage and current. Active, reactive powers of positive, negative and zero-sequences are allocated. The result obtained has the property of representativeness, which most of the known results lack. Findings. The three-phase system’s instantaneous power components are analytically determined, including the amplitudes of the oscillating power components. The need to take into account the oscillating instantaneous power components has been proven by means of a graphical interpretation of a special case of the three-phase system mode. As an integral indicator that takes into account the oscillating components of the three-phase system instantaneous power, its root-mean-square value over the repetition period is used. Originality. By calculating the transformer efficiency of the studied model according to the active power positive sequence and the same indicator according to the active power as a whole, it was established, that the component sequence separation affects the results of calculating the generalized indicators, including the power transmission system objects. This can lead to erroneous judgments about the efficiency of the specified facilities functioning. Practical value. The invariance power factor was used to characterize the electrical energy quality level of a three-phase sinusoidal current system in an unbalanced mode.
{"title":"Accounting for a positive, negative and zero sequences power in a three-phase unbalanced electrical system","authors":"O. Bialobrzheskyi, A. Postil, S. Yakimets","doi":"10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/093","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Based on the instantaneous electrical power of a three-phase asymmetric system of sinusoidal periodic current, to determine positive, negative, zero-sequences active and reactive power, as well as invariance power factor. Methodology. In the unbalance case in three-phase electrical system, the electrical energy quality is evaluated by means on voltage and current positive, negative, zero-sequences. At the same time, similar components of active and reactive power have not received practical distribution. But it is precisely in terms of power that electricity is accounted for. The instantaneous power orthogonal components in the time domain are determined using the symmetrical components of voltage and current. Active, reactive powers of positive, negative and zero-sequences are allocated. The result obtained has the property of representativeness, which most of the known results lack. Findings. The three-phase system’s instantaneous power components are analytically determined, including the amplitudes of the oscillating power components. The need to take into account the oscillating instantaneous power components has been proven by means of a graphical interpretation of a special case of the three-phase system mode. As an integral indicator that takes into account the oscillating components of the three-phase system instantaneous power, its root-mean-square value over the repetition period is used. Originality. By calculating the transformer efficiency of the studied model according to the active power positive sequence and the same indicator according to the active power as a whole, it was established, that the component sequence separation affects the results of calculating the generalized indicators, including the power transmission system objects. This can lead to erroneous judgments about the efficiency of the specified facilities functioning. Practical value. The invariance power factor was used to characterize the electrical energy quality level of a three-phase sinusoidal current system in an unbalanced mode.","PeriodicalId":19101,"journal":{"name":"Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139161664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/134
V. Kashtan, V. Hnatushenko
Purpose. To develop an automated method based on machine learning for accurate detection of features of a damaged building on digital imagery. Methodology. This article presents an approach that employs a combination of unsupervised machine learning techniques, specifically Principal Component Analysis (PCA), K-means clustering, and Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN), to identify building damage resulting from military conflicts. The PCA method is utilized to identify principal vectors representing the directions of maximum variance in the data. Subsequently, the K-means method is applied to cluster the feature vector space, with the predefined number of clusters reflecting the number of principal vectors. Each cluster represents a group of similar blocks of image differences, which helps to identify significant features associated with fractures. Finally, the DBSCAN method is employed to identify areas where points with similar characteristics are located. Subsequently, a binary fracture mask is generated, with pixels exceeding the threshold being identified as fractures. Findings. The introduced methodology attains an accuracy rate of 98.13 %, surpassing the performance of conventional methods such as DBSCAN, PCA, and K-means. Furthermore, the method exhibits a recall of 82.38 %, signifying its ability to effectively detect a substantial proportion of positive examples. Precision of 58.54 % underscores the methodology’s capability to minimize false positives. The F1 Score of 70.90 % demonstrates a well-balanced performance between precision and recall. Originality. DBSCAN, PCA and K-means methods have been further developed in the context of automated detection of building destruction in aerospace images. This allows us to significantly increase the accuracy and efficiency of monitoring territories, including those affected by the consequences of military aggression. Practical value. The results obtained can be used to improve automated monitoring systems for urban development and can also serve as the basis for the development of effective strategies for the restoration and reconstruction of damaged infrastructure.
{"title":"Automated building damage detection on digital imagery using machine learning","authors":"V. Kashtan, V. Hnatushenko","doi":"10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2023-6/134","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To develop an automated method based on machine learning for accurate detection of features of a damaged building on digital imagery. Methodology. This article presents an approach that employs a combination of unsupervised machine learning techniques, specifically Principal Component Analysis (PCA), K-means clustering, and Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN), to identify building damage resulting from military conflicts. The PCA method is utilized to identify principal vectors representing the directions of maximum variance in the data. Subsequently, the K-means method is applied to cluster the feature vector space, with the predefined number of clusters reflecting the number of principal vectors. Each cluster represents a group of similar blocks of image differences, which helps to identify significant features associated with fractures. Finally, the DBSCAN method is employed to identify areas where points with similar characteristics are located. Subsequently, a binary fracture mask is generated, with pixels exceeding the threshold being identified as fractures. Findings. The introduced methodology attains an accuracy rate of 98.13 %, surpassing the performance of conventional methods such as DBSCAN, PCA, and K-means. Furthermore, the method exhibits a recall of 82.38 %, signifying its ability to effectively detect a substantial proportion of positive examples. Precision of 58.54 % underscores the methodology’s capability to minimize false positives. The F1 Score of 70.90 % demonstrates a well-balanced performance between precision and recall. Originality. DBSCAN, PCA and K-means methods have been further developed in the context of automated detection of building destruction in aerospace images. This allows us to significantly increase the accuracy and efficiency of monitoring territories, including those affected by the consequences of military aggression. Practical value. The results obtained can be used to improve automated monitoring systems for urban development and can also serve as the basis for the development of effective strategies for the restoration and reconstruction of damaged infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":19101,"journal":{"name":"Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139162765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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