Neurobiology of Aging最新文献_第9页

Neurobiological effects of exergame interventions in older adults with or without a neurocognitive disorder: A systematic review exergame干预在有或无神经认知障碍的老年人中的神经生物学效应：一项系统综述

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q2 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Neurobiology of Aging

Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2025.06.009

Elpidio Attoh-Mensah , Jean-François Bel , Karim El Ayoubi , Arnaud Boujut , Stephen Ramanoël , Anaïck Perrochon

Exergames (EG) are interactive video games that require physical activity and use gamification to make exercise more engaging. EG interventions demonstrated various benefits for older adults including improved mental health, quality of life, and a reduced risk of falls. Enhanced cognition is considered one of the principal targets driving these benefits. This systematic review aimed to identify the neurobiological effects of EG interventions in healthy older adults and those with neurocognitive disorders. We systematically searched major databases for studies from inception up until June 2024 and included 12 reports. Findings revealed that EG interventions induced structural and functional brain changes, accompanied by improved cognitive and motor performance, as well as neuroplastic adaptations, such as elevated BDNF levels and enhanced neurovascular coupling, in healthy older adults. Similar findings were reported in older adults with neurocognitive disorders, though only in two studies, one showing increased frontal and temporal activity at rest, and the other reporting an increase in brain volume. Notably, methodological limitations in some studies, particularly those involving neuroimaging, underline the preliminary nature of the findings. Furthermore, the small number of studies included, especially those focusing on older adults with neurocognitive disorders, who often present with diverse clinical profiles, emphasizes the need for further research to validate these encouraging but currently low-evidence findings.

Exergames （EG）是一种交互式视频游戏，需要身体活动，并使用游戏化使运动更吸引人。EG干预对老年人有多种益处，包括改善心理健康、生活质量和降低跌倒风险。增强的认知能力被认为是推动这些益处的主要目标之一。本系统综述旨在确定EG干预对健康老年人和神经认知障碍患者的神经生物学影响。我们系统地检索了从成立到2024年6月的主要研究数据库，并纳入了12份报告。研究结果显示，在健康的老年人中，EG干预诱导了大脑结构和功能的改变，伴随着认知和运动表现的改善，以及神经可塑性适应，如BDNF水平升高和神经血管耦合增强。在患有神经认知障碍的老年人中也有类似的发现，尽管只有两项研究，一项研究显示休息时额叶和颞叶活动增加，另一项研究显示脑容量增加。值得注意的是，一些研究方法上的局限性，特别是涉及神经影像学的研究，强调了研究结果的初步性质。此外，包括的少数研究，特别是那些关注患有神经认知障碍的老年人的研究，他们通常表现出不同的临床特征，强调需要进一步的研究来验证这些令人鼓舞但目前证据不足的发现。

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引用次数: 0

Explaining tip-of-the-tongue experiences in older adults: The role of brain-based and cardiorespiratory fitness factors 解释老年人的舌尖体验：基于大脑和心肺健康因素的作用

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q2 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Neurobiology of Aging

Pub Date : 2025-06-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2025.06.008

Foyzul Rahman , Kamen A. Tsvetanov , Jack Feron , Karen Mullinger , Kelsey Joyce , Ahmed Gilani , Eunice G. Fernandes , Allison Wetterlin , Linda Wheeldon , Samuel J.E. Lucas , Katrien Segaert

Cognitive decline associated with healthy ageing is multifactorial: brain-based and lifestyle factors uniquely and jointly contribute to distinct neurocognitive trajectories of ageing. To evaluate existing models of neurocognitive ageing such as compensation, maintenance, or reserve, we explore how various known brain-based and cardiorespiratory fitness factors intersect to better understand cognitive decline. In a pre-registered study (https://osf.io/6fqg7), we tested 73 healthy older adults aged 60—81 (M = 65.51, SD = 4.94) and collected neuroimaging (functional, structural, and perfusion MRI), cardiorespiratory fitness, and cognitive data to investigate a prominent challenge for older adults: word-finding failures. fMRI signal was recorded while participants responded to a definition-based tip-of-the-tongue task, T1-weighted imaging estimated grey matter volume, and cerebral blood flow was indexed using multi-delay pseudo-continuous arterial spin labelling. Commonality analyses were used to analyse these multi-domain data (neuroimaging, cardiorespiratory fitness, language skills, demographic characteristics) and uncover associations between predictors in explaining age-related tip-of-the-tongue rates. Commonality analyses revealed that functional activation of language networks associated with tip-of-the-tongue states is in part linked with age and, interestingly, cardiorespiratory fitness: the combination of higher cardiorespiratory fitness and functional recruitment in some older adults offsets part of the age-related variance in tip-of-the-tongues. Moreover, age-associated atrophy and perfusion in regions other than those showing functional differences accounted for variance in tip-of-the-tongues. Our findings can be interpreted in the context of the classic models of neurocognitive ageing, suggesting compensation. Brain health indices in concordance with cardiorespiratory fitness can provide a more holistic explanation of individual differences in age-related cognitive decline.

与健康老龄化相关的认知衰退是多因素的：基于大脑和生活方式的因素独特而共同地促进了衰老的不同神经认知轨迹。为了评估现有的神经认知衰老模型，如补偿、维持或储备，我们探索了各种已知的基于大脑和心肺健康的因素如何交叉，以更好地理解认知衰退。在一项预先注册的研究（https://osf.io/6fqg7）中，我们测试了73名60-81岁的健康老年人（M = 65.51, SD = 4.94），并收集了神经影像学（功能、结构和灌注MRI）、心肺健康和认知数据，以调查老年人面临的一个突出挑战：找词失败。当参与者响应基于定义的舌尖任务时，记录fMRI信号，t1加权成像估计灰质体积，并使用多延迟伪连续动脉自旋标记索引脑血流量。共性分析用于分析这些多领域数据（神经成像、心肺健康、语言技能、人口特征），并揭示在解释与年龄相关的舌尖率时，预测因素之间的关联。共性分析显示，与舌尖状态相关的语言网络的功能激活部分与年龄有关，有趣的是，与心肺健康有关：在一些老年人中，较高的心肺健康和功能补充的结合抵消了部分与年龄相关的舌尖差异。此外，年龄相关的萎缩和灌注区域，而不是那些显示功能差异的区域，解释了舌尖的差异。我们的发现可以在经典的神经认知衰老模型的背景下解释，这表明了补偿。与心肺健康相一致的脑健康指数可以更全面地解释年龄相关认知衰退的个体差异。

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引用次数: 0

Acute corticospinal and reticulospinal responses to strength training in ageing 老化中力量训练的急性皮质脊髓和网状脊髓反应

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q2 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Neurobiology of Aging

Pub Date : 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2025.06.007

Ummatul Siddique , Ashlyn K. Frazer , Jamie Tallent , Oliver Hayman , Justin Andrushko , Juha P. Ahtiainen , Janne Avela , Yonas Akalu , Mohamad Rostami , Sergio Uribe , Simon Walker , Dawson J. Kidgell

Ageing is associated with declines in neuromuscular function, yet the neural mechanisms underlying strength adaptations in older adults remain unclear. While the corticospinal tract (CST) is the primary pathway for voluntary movement, the reticulospinal tract (RST) may play a compensatory role with age. This study investigated CST and RST responses following a single session of high-intensity metronome-paced strength training (MPST) in young and older adults. Thirty-five participants (17 young, 18 older) performed unilateral biceps curls at 70–75 % of their one-repetition maximum (1-RM). Cortical and subcortical excitability were assessed pre- and post-exercise using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and the StartReact paradigm. Young adults showed significant increases in corticospinal excitability (CSE; p < 0.05) and early-phase motor evoked potentials (MEPs) following exercise, whereas no changes were observed in older adults. Both groups exhibited reductions in silent period duration (SP; p < 0.01) and short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI; p < 0.05), suggesting a general release of inhibition. However, no significant changes in reaction time or evidence of enhanced RST drive were observed in either group. These findings highlight age-related differences in the modulation of descending pathways, with older adults showing reduced CSE plasticity following acute MPST, possibly reflecting delayed potentiation due to ageing. Although MPST effectively reduced inhibition, it may be insufficient to engage the RST in older adults. Future research should explore alternative training modalities that more directly target subcortical circuits to optimise functional outcomes in ageing populations.

衰老与神经肌肉功能下降有关，但老年人力量适应的神经机制尚不清楚。虽然皮质脊髓束（CST）是自主运动的主要途径，但网状脊髓束（RST）可能随着年龄的增长而发挥代偿作用。本研究调查了年轻人和老年人在单次高强度节拍器节奏力量训练（MPST）后的CST和RST反应。35名参与者（17名年轻人，18名老年人）以70-75 %的单次重复最大值（1-RM）进行单侧二头肌卷曲。使用经颅磁刺激（TMS）和StartReact范式评估运动前和运动后的皮层和皮层下兴奋性。年轻人表现出显著的皮质脊髓兴奋性(CSE；p <； 0.05)和运动后的早期运动诱发电位（MEPs），而在老年人中没有观察到变化。两组均表现出沉默期持续时间(SP；p <； 0.01)和短时间期皮质内抑制(SICI；P <； 0.05)，提示抑制普遍释放。然而，两组均未观察到反应时间的显著变化或RST驱动增强的证据。这些发现强调了下降通路调节的年龄相关差异，老年人在急性MPST后表现出CSE可塑性降低，可能反映了衰老导致的延迟增强。虽然MPST有效地减少了抑制，但它可能不足以参与老年人的RST。未来的研究应该探索替代的训练模式，更直接地针对皮层下回路，以优化老年人的功能结果。

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引用次数: 0

How is self-reported sleep-disordered breathing linked with biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease? 自我报告的睡眠呼吸障碍与阿尔茨海默病的生物标志物有何联系？

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q2 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Neurobiology of Aging

Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2025.06.006

Mohammad Akradi , Tara Farzane-Daghigh , Amir Ebneabbasi , Hanwen Bi , Alexander Drzezga , Bryce A. Mander , Simon B. Eickhoff , Masoud Tahmasian , for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is prevalent in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, we assessed how self-reported SDB is linked with AD biomarkers, including amyloid-beta plaque burden (Aβ), regional fluorodeoxyglucose uptake (rFDG-PET), grey matter volume (GMV), cognitive scores, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers. We selected 757 individuals, including AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and cognitively unimpaired (CU) groups, and divided them according to self-reported SDB condition. Using a stratified subsampling approach, we selected 512 matched subsamples, and effect sizes (ES) of the group-SDB interaction were computed for each biomarker and cognitive score across subsamples. Linear regression assessed associations between the ES of Aβ, rFDG, and GMV with the ES of cognitive scores and CSF biomarkers. The group-SDB interaction had a medium-sized effect on Aβ, rFDG, and GMV biomarkers in several brain areas. Participants with SDB exhibited reduced Aβ burden and increased rFDG uptake in the CU and MCI groups, whereas the AD group showed elevated Aβ burden and decreased rFDG. Additionally, SDB+ individuals demonstrated GMV alterations across all groups. The ES of group-SDB interaction on Aβ in the precuneus, middle temporal gyrus, and fusiform gyrus was associated with the ES of cognitive scores. Taken together, we observed a robust association of SDB with Aβ pathology in PET and CSF relative to rFDG and GMV in the AD group, which was also associated with cognitive decline.

睡眠呼吸障碍（SDB）在阿尔茨海默病（AD）中很普遍。在这里，我们评估了自我报告的SDB与AD生物标志物的联系，包括淀粉样斑块负担（Aβ）、区域氟氧葡萄糖摄取（rFDG-PET）、灰质体积（GMV）、认知评分和脑脊液（CSF）生物标志物。选取757例AD组、轻度认知障碍组（MCI）和认知未受损组（CU），根据自述SDB情况进行分组。采用分层子抽样方法，我们选择了512个匹配的子样本，并计算了每个生物标志物和认知评分的组- sdb相互作用的效应量（ES）。线性回归评估Aβ、rFDG和GMV的ES与认知评分和脑脊液生物标志物的ES之间的相关性。组- sdb相互作用对几个脑区的a β、rFDG和GMV生物标志物有中等程度的影响。患有SDB的参与者在CU和MCI组中表现出减少的Aβ负担和增加的rFDG摄取，而AD组则表现出增加的Aβ负担和减少的rFDG。此外，SDB+ 个体在所有组中都表现出GMV的变化。组- sdb相互作用对楔前叶、颞中回和梭状回Aβ的ES与认知评分的ES相关。综上所述，我们观察到SDB与AD组中PET和CSF中相对于rFDG和GMV的a β病理有很强的相关性，这也与认知能力下降有关。

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引用次数: 0

Age-related differences in cerebral morphology and microstructure in rhesus macaques 恒河猴大脑形态和微观结构的年龄相关性差异

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q2 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Neurobiology of Aging

Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2025.06.004

Alison R. Weiss , Anahit Grigorian , Steven Dash , Christopher D. Kroenke , Henryk F. Urbanski , Steven G. Kohama

The rhesus macaque presents a promising model for translational research into human brain aging due to this species’ long lifespan and close phylogenic relationship. We conducted a cross-sectional study identifying microstructural and morphological biomarkers of aging in a cohort of 37 healthy animals (18F/19M, aged 5–28 years), using high-resolution T2-weighted (T2w) and diffusion-weighted (DW) images. Using Tensor Based Morphometry, significant age-associated regional brain atrophy was observed in some areas of the frontal and parietal cortex, as well as the striatum. Additionally, age-associated differences in white matter diffusion were observed in several brain regions, including frontal and temporal white matter areas, and regions of the internal capsule and corpus callosum. Taken together, the results demonstrate that morphological and microstructural age-related differences can be disclosed in cortical, striatal, and thalamic regions, as well as in the white matter fiber pathways connecting these areas, using high-resolution DTI and MRI.

恒河猴具有较长的寿命和密切的系统发育关系，为人类大脑衰老的转化研究提供了一个有希望的模型。我们采用高分辨率t2加权（T2w）和弥散加权（DW）图像，对37只健康动物（18F/19M， 5-28岁）进行了一项横断面研究，以确定衰老的微观结构和形态学生物标志物。使用基于张量的形态测量法，在额叶和顶叶皮层以及纹状体的某些区域观察到明显的与年龄相关的区域脑萎缩。此外，在大脑的几个区域，包括额叶和颞叶白质区域，以及内囊和胼胝体区域，观察到白质扩散的年龄相关差异。综上所述，研究结果表明，使用高分辨率DTI和MRI，可以揭示皮层、纹状体和丘脑区域以及连接这些区域的白质纤维通路中与年龄相关的形态学和微观结构差异。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of age on the strategic control of recollected content as reflected by modulation of neural correlates of scene retrieval 年龄对情景检索相关神经调节对记忆内容策略控制的影响

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q2 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Neurobiology of Aging

Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2025.06.005

Marianne de Chastelaine , Sabina Srokova , Sarah Monier , Joshua M. Olivier , Michael D. Rugg

A previous study employing fMRI measures of retrieval-related neural selectivity reported that young, but not older, adults employ ‘retrieval gating’ to attenuate aspects of an episodic memory that are irrelevant to the retrieval goal. We examined whether the weak memories of the older adults in that study rendered goal-irrelevant memories insufficiently intrusive to motivate retrieval gating. Young and older participants studied words superimposed on rural or urban scenes, or on scrambled backgrounds. To strengthen memory for background information, word-image pairs were studied twice, initially centrally, and then in one of three locations. During scanning, one retrieval test probed memory for the test words’ studied backgrounds and another test assessed memory for their location. Background memory performance was markedly higher than in the prior study. Retrieval gating was examined in two scene-selective regions of interest, the parahippocampal place area (PPA) and the medial place area (MPA). In the background task, robust scene-specific retrieval effects were identified in both age groups in both ROIs. These effects were attenuated (‘gated’) in the location task in the young age group only, replicating the prior finding. The results did not differ when the two groups were sub-sampled to match strength of scene-specific retrieval effects when scene information was goal relevant. The findings indicate that older adults’ failure to gate goal-irrelevant scene information does not reflect age differences in memory strength and may instead reflect an age-related decline in top-down inhibitory control.

先前一项使用功能磁共振成像测量检索相关神经选择性的研究报告称，年轻人（而不是老年人）使用“检索门控”来减弱与检索目标无关的情景记忆方面。我们检查了在该研究中，老年人的弱记忆是否使与目标无关的记忆没有足够的侵入性来激发检索门控。年轻和年长的参与者研究了叠加在乡村或城市场景上的单词，或者是杂乱的背景。为了加强对背景信息的记忆，研究人员对单词-图像对进行了两次研究，首先集中研究，然后在三个地点中的一个进行研究。在扫描过程中，一项检索测试考察了对测试单词学习背景的记忆，另一项测试评估了对测试单词位置的记忆。背景记忆表现明显高于前期研究。检索门控在两个感兴趣的场景选择区域，海马旁位置区（PPA）和内侧位置区（MPA）进行了研究。在背景任务中，在两个roi中，两个年龄组的场景特定检索效果都很明显。这些影响仅在年轻年龄组的定位任务中减弱（“门控”），重复了先前的发现。当场景信息与目标相关时，对两组进行亚采样以匹配场景特定检索效果的强度，结果没有差异。研究结果表明，老年人对与目标无关的场景信息的记忆失败并不反映记忆强度的年龄差异，而是反映了自上而下抑制控制的年龄相关下降。

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引用次数: 0

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q2 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Neurobiology of Aging

Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2025.06.002

Alexa Wawrzyniak , Justine Busby , Alice Dalo , Syllissa Duncan , Laila S. Almassri , Dakota Z. Smallridge , Andrew P. Ohl , Amir M. Mafi , Nick J. Tokar , Jesse W. Young , Jeffrey G. Mellott

Presbycusis, one of the most widespread disorders, is in part associated with the loss of temporal precision within the central auditory system. A contributor to the dysfunctional temporal precision during aging is the substantial downregulation of GABA in the central inferior colliculus (ICc), the hub of ascending and descending inputs of the auditory midbrain. However, how GABAergic inputs across the tonotopic axis of the ICc change with age has not been well explored. We sought to determine age-related changes to GABAergic synapses in the lemniscal ICc, and if changes are uniform across the ICc axis. Using immuno-electron microscopy across four age groups of Fisher Brown Norway rats, a model that acquires low frequency presbycusis, our results demonstrate several nonuniform ultrastructural changes to GABAergic synapses in the ICc. There was a significant (∼29–33 %) downregulation of GABAergic synapses in the high and middle frequency regions of old rats, but a loss (∼22 %) in the old low frequency region was not as robust and did not reach statistical significance. Interestingly, in the high and middle frequency regions, GABAergic presynaptic area increased with age, while there was an ultimately decline in the old low frequency region. Also unique to the high and middle frequencies was the increasing proportion of GABAergic synapses onto larger GABAergic dendrites. These changes demonstrate that aging differentially affects the GABAergic ultrastructure of the ICc tonotopic axis.

老年性耳聋是最普遍的疾病之一，部分与中央听觉系统时间精度的丧失有关。导致衰老过程中时间精度失调的一个因素是中央下丘（central lower colliculus, ICc）中GABA的显著下调，而ICc是听觉中脑的上行和下行输入中枢。然而，伽马氨基丁酸能输入如何随着年龄的变化而变化还没有得到很好的探讨。我们试图确定外体ICc中gaba能突触的年龄相关变化，以及这些变化是否在ICc轴上是均匀的。通过对四个年龄组Fisher Brown Norway大鼠（一种获得低频老年性痴呆的模型）的免疫电子显微镜观察，我们的研究结果表明，ICc中gaba能突触的超微结构发生了一些不均匀的变化。老龄大鼠高频区和中频区gaba能突触显著下调（~ 29-33 %），但老龄低频区gaba能突触的下降（~ 22 %）不那么明显，没有达到统计学意义。有趣的是，在高、中频区，gaba能突触前区随着年龄的增长而增加，而老年低频区最终呈下降趋势。高频和中频独有的是gaba能突触在更大的gaba能树突上的比例增加。这些变化表明，衰老对ICc张力轴gaba能超微结构的影响是不同的。

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引用次数: 0

Biological age acceleration in Alzheimer’s disease modulates relative cortical to medial temporal lobe neurodegeneration 阿尔茨海默病的生物年龄加速调节相对皮层到内侧颞叶神经变性

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q2 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Neurobiology of Aging

Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2025.06.003

Lasya P. Sreepada , Christopher A. Brown , Sandhitsu R. Das , Paul A. Yushkevich , David A. Wolk , Corey T. McMillan , on behalf of the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is highly associated with aging, typically presenting with amnestic, multi-domain cognitive impairment and greater medial temporal lobe (MTL) atrophy relative to cortex. However, approximately 15 % of AD cases present atypically, often at younger ages and with greater cortical involvement relative to MTL. This association between age and AD presentation is imperfect: some younger-onset cases are typical, amnestic presentations while some older-onset cases present less typically. We hypothesize that this discordance may be partially modulated by discordance between chronological age and biological age, defined epigenetically. Participants from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative with MRI and known amyloid status were selected (n = 1011, 44.4 % female, 75.33 ± 7.28 years) and classified as amyloid-negative, cognitively unimpaired (n = 329) or amyloid-positive, symptomatic individuals with mild cognitive impairment or dementia (n = 682). Biological age was estimated in individuals with DNA methylation (n = 448) using established epigenetic clocks. Biological age gap (BAG) was calculated to categorize individuals into “accelerated” (biological age > chronological age) or “decelerated” (biological age < chronological age) groups. We define the Cortico-Medial Temporal index (CoMeT), derived from MRI, to quantify age-adjusted relative differences between cortical and MTL structures. Lower CoMeT scores indicate relatively greater cortical involvement. BAG and CoMeT were significantly correlated (Pearson R=0.13, p = 0.023). Symptomatic individuals with decelerated BAG exhibited significantly lower CoMeT scores than individuals with accelerated BAG, with a large effect size, reflecting greater cortical involvement relative to MTL (Wilcoxon p = 0.023, rank-biserial correlation=−0.98). We conclude that biological aging modulates AD presentation beyond chronological age, providing novel insights into mechanisms underlying AD heterogeneity.

阿尔茨海默病（AD）与衰老高度相关，典型表现为遗忘、多领域认知障碍和相对于皮质的更大内侧颞叶（MTL）萎缩。然而，大约15% %的AD病例表现为非典型，通常发生在较年轻的年龄，相对于MTL有更大的皮层受损伤。年龄和阿尔茨海默病表现之间的联系并不完美：一些年轻发病的病例是典型的健忘表现，而一些老年发病的病例则不那么典型。我们假设这种不一致可能部分地被实足年龄和生物学年龄之间的不一致所调节，这是表观遗传定义的。参与者从阿尔茨海默病的神经影像学MRI和已知的淀粉样状态选择( % 44.4 n = 1011,女,75.33 ± 7.28年),分为amyloid-negative认知没有(n = 329)或amyloid-positive,患有轻度认知障碍或痴呆症状(n = 682)。使用已建立的表观遗传时钟估计DNA甲基化个体的生物年龄（n = 448）。计算生物年龄差距（BAG）将个体划分为“加速”（生物年龄）；实足年龄)或“减速”（生理年龄）；按年龄分组。我们定义了来自MRI的皮质内侧颞叶指数（CoMeT），以量化皮层和MTL结构之间的年龄调整相对差异。彗星评分越低表明皮层受累程度相对较高。BAG与CoMeT显著相关（Pearson R=0.13, p = 0.023）。有症状的BAG减慢个体的CoMeT评分明显低于BAG加速个体，具有较大的效应量，反映了相对于MTL更大的皮层受累（Wilcoxon p = 0.023，秩双列相关性= - 0.98）。我们得出的结论是，生物衰老调节阿尔茨海默病的表现超出了实足年龄，为阿尔茨海默病异质性的机制提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Editorial Advisory Board 编辑顾问委员会

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q2 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Neurobiology of Aging

Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1016/S0197-4580(25)00090-9

引用次数: 0

Age-related differences in the impact of background noise on neural speech tracking 背景噪声对神经语音跟踪影响的年龄相关差异

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q2 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Neurobiology of Aging

Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2025.06.001

Björn Herrmann

Tracking the envelope of speech in the brain is important for speech comprehension. Recent research suggests that acoustic background noise can enhance neural speech tracking, enabling the auditory system to robustly encode speech even under unfavorable conditions. Aging and hearing loss are associated with internal, neural noise in the auditory system, raising the question whether additional acoustic background noise enhances neural speech tracking in older adults. In the current electroencephalography study, younger (∼25.5 years) and older adults (∼68.5 years) listened to spoken stories in quiet (clear) or in the presence of background noise at a wide range of different signal-to-noise ratios. In younger adults, early neural speech tracking responses (<0.15 s) were enhanced by minimal background noise, indicating response facilitation through noise. In contrast, older adults, compared to younger adults, showed enhanced neural speech tracking for clear speech and speech masked by minimal background noise, but the acoustic noise led to little enhancement of the early neural tracking response in older people. The data demonstrate different sensitivity of the auditory cortex to speech masked by noise between younger and older adults. The results are consistent with the idea that the auditory cortex of older people exhibits more internal, neural noise that enhances neural speech tracking but that additional acoustic noise does not further support speech encoding. The work points to a highly non-linear auditory system that differs between younger and older adults.

追踪大脑中言语的包络对言语理解很重要。最近的研究表明，声背景噪声可以增强神经语音跟踪，使听觉系统即使在不利的条件下也能对语音进行鲁棒编码。衰老和听力损失与听觉系统中的内部神经噪声有关，这就提出了一个问题，即额外的声学背景噪声是否会增强老年人的神经语言跟踪。在目前的脑电图研究中，年轻人（~ 25.5岁）和老年人（~ 68.5岁）在安静（清晰）或存在不同信噪比的背景噪音的情况下听口语故事。在年轻人中，最小的背景噪声增强了早期神经语言跟踪反应（<0.15 s），表明噪声促进了反应。相比之下，与年轻人相比，老年人对清晰语音和被最小背景噪声掩盖的语音表现出更强的神经语音跟踪，但声学噪声对老年人早期神经跟踪反应的增强作用不大。数据表明，年轻人和老年人的听觉皮层对被噪音掩盖的言语的敏感度不同。研究结果与之前的观点一致，即老年人的听觉皮层表现出更多的内部神经噪声，从而增强神经语言追踪，但额外的声学噪声并不能进一步支持语音编码。这项研究指出，年轻人和老年人的听觉系统是高度非线性的。

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