Pub Date : 2024-11-17DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.042
Katariina Seppälä , Inés Reigada , Olli Matilainen , Tomi Rantamäki , Leena Hanski
Transparency of Caenorhabditis elegans enables microscopic in vivo imaging of cellular processes, but immobilization is required due to high locomotor activity. Here, anesthetic-like effects of dissociate anesthetic ketamine in adult C. elegans are presented using video recordings and infrared-based automated activity tracking. Ketamine caused a reversible blockade of locomotion at a similar concentration (20–50 mM) at which conventionally used immobilizing agent sodium azide (NaN3) produces paralysis. The levels of immobilization at 20 mM ketamine enabled fluorescent and brightfield imaging. The worms’ locomotory activity recovered fully after ketamine exposure and no acute toxicity was observed. However, a marked chemosensation deficiency was noted immediately after 20 mM ketamine exposure. Short-term ketamine treatment did not show signs of SKN-1 (skinhead-1) activation, a marker of the stress response associated with NaN3. In sum, our results show ketamine’s potential as a non-toxic nematode immobilizing agent and rationalize C. elegans as a model organism to understand its pharmacology.
线虫的透明性使其能够在显微镜下对细胞过程进行活体成像，但由于其运动活动频繁，因此需要将其固定。在此，我们利用视频记录和基于红外线的自动活动追踪技术介绍了氯胺酮对成年眼镜蛇的类似麻醉作用。氯胺酮可在类似于传统固定剂叠氮化钠（NaN3）产生麻痹的浓度（20-50 mM）下导致可逆的运动阻滞。在 20 mM 氯胺酮的固定水平下，可以进行荧光和明视野成像。暴露于氯胺酮后，蠕虫的运动活性完全恢复，而且没有观察到急性毒性。然而，暴露于20毫摩尔氯胺酮后立即出现了明显的化学感觉缺陷。氯胺酮的短期处理并未显示出 SKN-1（skinhead-1）激活的迹象，而 SKN-1 是与 NaN3 相关的应激反应的标志物。总之，我们的研究结果表明氯胺酮具有作为一种无毒线虫固定剂的潜力，并合理地将秀丽隐杆线虫作为了解其药理学的模式生物。
{"title":"Anesthetic-like effects of ketamine in C. elegans","authors":"Katariina Seppälä , Inés Reigada , Olli Matilainen , Tomi Rantamäki , Leena Hanski","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transparency of <em>Caenorhabditis elegans</em> enables microscopic <em>in vivo</em> imaging of cellular processes, but immobilization is required due to high locomotor activity. Here, anesthetic-like effects of dissociate anesthetic ketamine in adult <em>C. elegans</em> are presented using video recordings and infrared-based automated activity tracking. Ketamine caused a reversible blockade of locomotion at a similar concentration (20–50 mM) at which conventionally used immobilizing agent sodium azide (NaN<sub>3</sub>) produces paralysis. The levels of immobilization at 20 mM ketamine enabled fluorescent and brightfield imaging. The worms’ locomotory activity recovered fully after ketamine exposure and no acute toxicity was observed. However, a marked chemosensation deficiency was noted immediately after 20 mM ketamine exposure. Short-term ketamine treatment did not show signs of SKN-1 (skinhead-1) activation, a marker of the stress response associated with NaN<sub>3.</sub> In sum, our results show ketamine’s potential as a non-toxic nematode immobilizing agent and rationalize <em>C. elegans</em> as a model organism to understand its pharmacology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"564 ","pages":"Pages 79-82"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Post-stroke basal ganglia aphasia is an unusual and transient form of aphasia resulting from basal ganglia damage. It is commonly believed that the generation of language function primarily resides in regular language regions of the brain; however, recent findings indicate a prevalence of basal ganglia stroke aphasia as high as 22%. Subcortical structures (e.g., basal ganglia) also play an important role in language processing. Aphasia seriously affects the quality of life and functional outcomes of patients, and early diagnosis and intervention are important for the prognosis of and rehabilitation from aphasia after basal ganglia stroke. In recent years, the main diagnostic methods for basal ganglia aphasia include diffusion tensor imaging, diffusion spectral imaging, and functional magnetic resonance imaging, which explore the changes in patients with basal ganglia aphasia compared to those without from the perspectives of fiber tract imaging and brain function alteration, respectively, and are able to predict the recovery of patients before and after treatment. Treatment for post-stroke basal ganglia aphasia includes transcranial magnetic stimulation, a recent emerging therapeutic technique, in addition to conventional medications and speech rehabilitation. Consequently, understanding this condition is crucial. This review delves into its causes, imaging methods, and therapeutic interventions, offering a systematic and comprehensive analysis of these aspects.
{"title":"Advances in diagnostic imaging and interventional treatment of aphasia after basal ganglia stroke","authors":"Xinyue-Cheng , Wenjing-Gu , Xuewei-Li , Yuchen Liang , Dehong-Liu , Hongwei-Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Post-stroke basal ganglia aphasia is an unusual and transient form of aphasia resulting from basal ganglia damage. It is commonly believed that the generation of language function primarily resides in regular language regions of the brain; however, recent findings indicate a prevalence of basal ganglia stroke aphasia as high as 22%. Subcortical structures (e.g., basal ganglia) also play an important role in language processing. Aphasia seriously affects the quality of life and functional outcomes of patients, and early diagnosis and intervention are important for the prognosis of and rehabilitation from aphasia after basal ganglia stroke. In recent years, the main diagnostic methods for basal ganglia aphasia include diffusion tensor imaging, diffusion spectral imaging, and functional magnetic resonance imaging, which explore the changes in patients with basal ganglia aphasia compared to those without from the perspectives of fiber tract imaging and brain function alteration, respectively, and are able to predict the recovery of patients before and after treatment. Treatment for post-stroke basal ganglia aphasia includes transcranial magnetic stimulation, a recent emerging therapeutic technique, in addition to conventional medications and speech rehabilitation. Consequently, understanding this condition is crucial. This review delves into its causes, imaging methods, and therapeutic interventions, offering a systematic and comprehensive analysis of these aspects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"564 ","pages":"Pages 160-170"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Face recognition is an important aspect of human non-verbal communication. Event-related potentials or magnetic fields, such as the N170/M170 component, are considered essential neural markers of face processing. Compared to upright human faces, inverted human faces and upright but not inverted animal faces cause longer latencies and larger amplitudes of these components. However, the mechanisms underlying this factor remain unclear. To elucidate the spatiotemporal dynamics of the processing of inverted human and animal faces, we recorded face-selective responses (M170) to upright and inverted human and monkey faces using a 306-channel whole-head magnetoencephalography. Sensor analysis showed an increased M170 latency and amplitude for inverted human and upright animal faces. However, in the source analysis, the observed modulations of the estimated spatiotemporal dynamics were different from the sensor results: irrespective of species, upright faces activated wider areas in the ventral and dorsal visual regions compared with inverted faces. Additionally, face orientation differentially modulated the anterior region of the fusiform gyrus (FG) in both face categories. These results suggest that spatiotemporal dynamics differ in face orientation regardless of category and that the FG contributes little or nothing to the M170 modulation recorded in the scalp sensor. Furthermore, we demonstrated that inverted human and animal faces are processed via different mechanisms.
{"title":"How the brain differentiates human and monkey faces: Neuromagnetic evidence from spatiotemporal dynamics.","authors":"Emi Yamada, Akinori Takeda, Hisato Nakazono, Mutsuhide Tanaka, Katsuya Ogata, Shozo Tobimatsu","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Face recognition is an important aspect of human non-verbal communication. Event-related potentials or magnetic fields, such as the N170/M170 component, are considered essential neural markers of face processing. Compared to upright human faces, inverted human faces and upright but not inverted animal faces cause longer latencies and larger amplitudes of these components. However, the mechanisms underlying this factor remain unclear. To elucidate the spatiotemporal dynamics of the processing of inverted human and animal faces, we recorded face-selective responses (M170) to upright and inverted human and monkey faces using a 306-channel whole-head magnetoencephalography. Sensor analysis showed an increased M170 latency and amplitude for inverted human and upright animal faces. However, in the source analysis, the observed modulations of the estimated spatiotemporal dynamics were different from the sensor results: irrespective of species, upright faces activated wider areas in the ventral and dorsal visual regions compared with inverted faces. Additionally, face orientation differentially modulated the anterior region of the fusiform gyrus (FG) in both face categories. These results suggest that spatiotemporal dynamics differ in face orientation regardless of category and that the FG contributes little or nothing to the M170 modulation recorded in the scalp sensor. Furthermore, we demonstrated that inverted human and animal faces are processed via different mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-16DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.039
Ziyi Peng , Zexuan Wang , Lin Xu , Yongcong Shao , Fubing Jiao , Jing Lv
Spatial cognitive ability is critical for table tennis athletes to achieve excellent competitive performance, and sleep may be an important factor influencing this ability. This study investigated the impact of 36h sleep deprivation on the spatial cognitive processing of 20 s-level table tennis athletes, using event-related potentials and functional connectivity analysis to assess changes in cognitive resource allocation and inter-regional brain coordination before and after sleep deprivation. The results showed that sleep deprivation significantly prolonged reaction time and led to a decrease in P3 amplitude, reflecting a reduction in participants’ attentional resource allocation and cognitive processing capacity. Functional connectivity analysis further revealed that β frequency band functional connectivity between the frontal and occipital regions significantly decreased after sleep deprivation, indicating reduced brain efficiency in processing spatial information. After 36 h of SD, the spatial cognitive ability of table tennis athletes was impaired. SD not only led to a reduction in the allocation of attentional resources and cognitive processing capabilities in these athletes, but also weakened functional connectivity between the frontal and occipital lobes of the brain.
{"title":"Sleep deprivation impairs spatial cognitive processing and Alters brain connectivity in table tennis athletes","authors":"Ziyi Peng , Zexuan Wang , Lin Xu , Yongcong Shao , Fubing Jiao , Jing Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spatial cognitive ability is critical for table tennis athletes to achieve excellent competitive performance, and sleep may be an important factor influencing this ability. This study investigated the impact of 36h sleep deprivation on the spatial cognitive processing of 20 s-level table tennis athletes, using event-related potentials and functional connectivity analysis to assess changes in cognitive resource allocation and inter-regional brain coordination before and after sleep deprivation. The results showed that sleep deprivation significantly prolonged reaction time and led to a decrease in P3 amplitude, reflecting a reduction in participants’ attentional resource allocation and cognitive processing capacity. Functional connectivity analysis further revealed that β frequency band functional connectivity between the frontal and occipital regions significantly decreased after sleep deprivation, indicating reduced brain efficiency in processing spatial information. After 36 h of SD, the spatial cognitive ability of table tennis athletes was impaired. SD not only led to a reduction in the allocation of attentional resources and cognitive processing capabilities in these athletes, but also weakened functional connectivity between the frontal and occipital lobes of the brain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"564 ","pages":"Pages 13-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Exercise-induced fatigue (EF) is characterized by a decline in maximal voluntary muscle force following prolonged physical activity, influenced by both peripheral and central factors. Central fatigue involves complex interactions within the central nervous system (CNS), where astrocytes play a crucial role. This study explores the impact of astrocytic calcium signals on EF. We used adeno-associated viruses to express GCaMP7b in astrocytes of the dorsal striatum in mice, allowing us to monitor calcium dynamics. Our findings reveal that EF significantly increases the frequency of spontaneous astrocytic calcium signals. Utilizing genetic tools to either enhance or reduce astrocytic calcium signaling, we observed corresponding decreases and increases in exercise-induced fatigue time, respectively. Furthermore, modulation of astrocytic calcium signals influenced corticostriatal synaptic plasticity, with increased signals impairing and decreased signals ameliorating long-term depression (LTD). These results highlight the pivotal role of astrocytic calcium signaling in the regulation of exercise-induced fatigue and synaptic plasticity in the striatum.
运动诱发疲劳（EF）的特征是在长时间体力活动后最大自主肌力下降，这同时受到外周和中枢因素的影响。中枢疲劳涉及中枢神经系统（CNS）内复杂的相互作用，其中星形胶质细胞起着至关重要的作用。本研究探讨了星形胶质细胞钙信号对 EF 的影响。我们利用腺相关病毒在小鼠背侧纹状体的星形胶质细胞中表达 GCaMP7b，从而监测钙离子的动态变化。我们的研究结果表明，EF 能显著增加星形胶质细胞自发钙信号的频率。利用基因工具增强或减少星形胶质细胞的钙信号，我们观察到运动诱导的疲劳时间分别相应减少和增加。此外，星形胶质细胞钙信号的调节还影响了皮层突触的可塑性，信号增强会损害长期抑制（LTD），信号减弱则会改善长期抑制（LTD）。这些结果凸显了星形胶质细胞钙信号在调节运动引起的疲劳和纹状体突触可塑性中的关键作用。
{"title":"Astrocytic calcium signals modulate exercise-induced fatigue in mice.","authors":"Liyang Xiang, Yulu Zhao, XinRui Li, Ran Shi, Zhou Wen, Xiaohang Xu, Yifan Hu, Qianyun Xu, Yaodan Chen, Jin Ma, Weida Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exercise-induced fatigue (EF) is characterized by a decline in maximal voluntary muscle force following prolonged physical activity, influenced by both peripheral and central factors. Central fatigue involves complex interactions within the central nervous system (CNS), where astrocytes play a crucial role. This study explores the impact of astrocytic calcium signals on EF. We used adeno-associated viruses to express GCaMP7b in astrocytes of the dorsal striatum in mice, allowing us to monitor calcium dynamics. Our findings reveal that EF significantly increases the frequency of spontaneous astrocytic calcium signals. Utilizing genetic tools to either enhance or reduce astrocytic calcium signaling, we observed corresponding decreases and increases in exercise-induced fatigue time, respectively. Furthermore, modulation of astrocytic calcium signals influenced corticostriatal synaptic plasticity, with increased signals impairing and decreased signals ameliorating long-term depression (LTD). These results highlight the pivotal role of astrocytic calcium signaling in the regulation of exercise-induced fatigue and synaptic plasticity in the striatum.</p>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.034
Jun-Sa Zhu , Qi Gong , Mei-Ting Zhao , Yun Jiao
The default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN), and central executive control network (CEN) form the well-known triple network, providing a framework for understanding various neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. However, the topology of this network remains unclear in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). To gain a more profound understanding of ASD, we explored the topology of the triple network in ASD. Additionally, the striatum and thalamus are pivotal centres of information transmission within the brain, and the realization of various brain functions requires the coordination of cortical and subcortical structures. Therefore, we also investigated the topology of the cortico-subcortical network in ASD, which consists of the DMN, SN, CEN, striatum, and thalamus. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data on 208 ASD patients and 278 typically developing (TD) controls (8–18 years old) were obtained from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange database. We performed graph theory analysis on the triple network and the cortico-subcortical network. The results showed that the triple network’s clustering coefficient, lambda, and network local efficiency values were significantly lower in ASD, and the nodal degree and efficiency of the medial prefrontal cortex also decreased. For the cortico-subcortical network, the sigma, clustering coefficient, gamma, and network local efficiency showed the same reduction, and the altered clustering coefficient negatively correlated with ASD manifestations. In addition, the interaction between the DMN and CEN was more robust in ASD patients. These findings enhance our understanding of ASD and suggest that subcortical structures should be more considered in future ASD related studies.
{"title":"Atypical brain network topology of the triple network and cortico-subcortical network in autism spectrum disorder","authors":"Jun-Sa Zhu , Qi Gong , Mei-Ting Zhao , Yun Jiao","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN), and central executive control network (CEN) form the well-known triple network, providing a framework for understanding various neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. However, the topology of this network remains unclear in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). To gain a more profound understanding of ASD, we explored the topology of the triple network in ASD. Additionally, the striatum and thalamus are pivotal centres of information transmission within the brain, and the realization of various brain functions requires the coordination of cortical and subcortical structures. Therefore, we also investigated the topology of the cortico-subcortical network in ASD, which consists of the DMN, SN, CEN, striatum, and thalamus. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data on 208 ASD patients and 278 typically developing (TD) controls (8–18 years old) were obtained from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange database. We performed graph theory analysis on the triple network and the cortico-subcortical network. The results showed that the triple network’s clustering coefficient, lambda, and network local efficiency values were significantly lower in ASD, and the nodal degree and efficiency of the medial prefrontal cortex also decreased. For the cortico-subcortical network, the sigma, clustering coefficient, gamma, and network local efficiency showed the same reduction, and the altered clustering coefficient negatively correlated with ASD manifestations. In addition, the interaction between the DMN and CEN was more robust in ASD patients. These findings enhance our understanding of ASD and suggest that subcortical structures should be more considered in future ASD related studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"564 ","pages":"Pages 21-30"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to explore the relationship between the cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and white matter structural network in patients with white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), and the correlation with the cognitive impairment.
Method
One hundred and fifty-eight participants with WMHs underwent 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging scans and neuropsychological assessment. The grouping method included count grading with categories: non-CMBs (n-CMBs), CMBs < 5, and CMBs ≥ 5. Additionally, the distribution of CMBs was considered, distinguishing between strictly lobar CMBs (SL-CMBs) and deep or infratentorial CMBs (DI-CMBs). Diffusion tensor imaging was employed to construct the white matter structural network for each participant. Subsequently, we analyzed the correlations between the topological parameters of network and cognitive performance in individuals with CMBs.
Results
Compared with n-CMBs group, both CMBs ≥ 5 and DI-CMBs participants exhibited a significant decreased in global efficiency and increased in characteristic path length. Moreover, in the nodal network metrics, the CMBs ≥ 5 showed the left middle occipital gyrus (MOG.L) of nodal efficiency and nodal shortest path correlated with SCWT-A and MMSE, while in the DI-CMBs groups, the left cuneus (CUN.L) of nodal shortest path correlated with SCWT-A. However, there were no significant neuropsychological correlations observed in the SL-CMBs and CMBs < 5 groups.
Conclusion
In this study, patients with a high count (≥5) of CMBs or DI-CMBs are associated with disruptions in the microstructure of the white matter structural network, partially impacting the visual network of occipital lobe and affecting the cognitive function of information processing speed and attention.
{"title":"Cerebral microbleeds linked to structural network disruption and cognitive impairment in white matter hyperintensities","authors":"Jiabin Yin , Xia Zhou , Yali Chen , Yue Sun , Chaojuan Huang , Yating Tang , Wenhao Zhu , Xiaoqun Zhu , Zhongwu Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to explore the relationship between the cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and white matter structural network in patients with white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), and the correlation with the cognitive impairment.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>One hundred and fifty-eight participants with WMHs underwent 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging scans and neuropsychological assessment. The grouping method included count grading with categories: non-CMBs (n-CMBs), CMBs < 5, and CMBs ≥ 5. Additionally, the distribution of CMBs was considered, distinguishing between strictly lobar CMBs (SL-CMBs) and deep or infratentorial CMBs (DI-CMBs). Diffusion tensor imaging was employed to construct the white matter structural network for each participant. Subsequently, we analyzed the correlations between the topological parameters of network and cognitive performance in individuals with CMBs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with n-CMBs group, both CMBs ≥ 5 and DI-CMBs participants exhibited a significant decreased in global efficiency and increased in characteristic path length. Moreover, in the nodal network metrics, the CMBs ≥ 5 showed the left middle occipital gyrus (MOG.L) of nodal efficiency and nodal shortest path correlated with SCWT-A and MMSE, while in the DI-CMBs groups, the left cuneus (CUN.L) of nodal shortest path correlated with SCWT-A. However, there were no significant neuropsychological correlations observed in the SL-CMBs and CMBs < 5 groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this study, patients with a high count (≥5) of CMBs or DI-CMBs are associated with disruptions in the microstructure of the white matter structural network, partially impacting the visual network of occipital lobe and affecting the cognitive function of information processing speed and attention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"564 ","pages":"Pages 31-40"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.030
Xiaole Zhao , Pan Xiao , Honge Gui , Bintao Xu , Hongyu Wang , Li Tao , Huiyue Chen , Hansheng Wang , Fajin Lv , Tianyou Luo , Oumei Cheng , Jing Luo , Yun Man , Zheng Xiao , Weidong Fang
Essential tremor with resting tremor (rET) and tremor-dominant Parkinson’s disease (tPD) share many similar clinical symptoms, leading to frequent misdiagnoses. Functional connectivity (FC) matrix analysis derived from resting-state functional MRI (Rs-fMRI) offers a promising approach for early diagnosis and for exploring FC network pathogenesis in rET and tPD. However, methods relying solely on a single connection pattern may overlook the complementary roles of different connectivity patterns, resulting in reduced diagnostic differentiation. Therefore, we propose a multi-pattern connection Graph Convolutional Network (MCGCN) method to integrate information from various connection modes, distinguishing between rET and healthy controls (HC), tPD and HC, and rET and tPD. We constructed FC matrices using three different connectivity modes for each subject and used these as inputs to the MCGCN model for disease classification. The classification performance of the model was evaluated for each connectivity mode. Subsequently, gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM) was used to identify the most discriminative brain regions. The important brain regions identified were primarily distributed within cerebellar-motor and non-motor cortical networks. Compared with single-pattern GCN, our proposed MCGCN model demonstrated superior classification accuracy, underscoring the advantages of integrating multiple connectivity modes. Specifically, the model achieved an average accuracy of 88.0% for distinguishing rET from HC, 88.8% for rET from tPD, and 89.6% for tPD from HC. Our findings indicate that combining graph convolutional networks with multi-connection patterns can not only effectively discriminate between tPD, rET, and HC but also enhance our understanding of the functional network mechanisms underlying rET and tPD.
静止性震颤（rET）和震颤为主的帕金森病（tPD）有许多相似的临床症状，因此经常被误诊。由静息态功能磁共振成像（Rs-fMRI）得出的功能连接（FC）矩阵分析为早期诊断和探索rET和tPD的FC网络发病机制提供了一种很有前景的方法。然而，仅依靠单一连接模式的方法可能会忽略不同连接模式的互补作用，从而降低诊断的区分度。因此，我们提出了一种多模式连接图卷积网络（MCGCN）方法，以整合各种连接模式的信息，区分 rET 和健康对照（HC）、tPD 和 HC 以及 rET 和 tPD。我们为每个受试者构建了三种不同连接模式的 FC 矩阵，并将其作为 MCGCN 模型的输入进行疾病分类。我们对每种连接模式的模型分类性能进行了评估。随后，梯度加权类激活图谱（Grad-CAM）被用来识别最具鉴别力的脑区。识别出的重要脑区主要分布在小脑运动皮层和非运动皮层网络中。与单一模式的 GCN 相比，我们提出的 MCGCN 模型显示出更高的分类准确性，凸显了整合多种连接模式的优势。具体来说，该模型区分 rET 和 HC 的平均准确率为 88.0%，区分 rET 和 tPD 的平均准确率为 88.8%，区分 tPD 和 HC 的平均准确率为 89.6%。我们的研究结果表明，将图卷积网络与多重连接模式相结合，不仅能有效区分 tPD、rET 和 HC，还能加深我们对 rET 和 tPD 的功能网络机制的理解。
{"title":"Combined graph convolutional networks with a multi-connection pattern to identify tremor-dominant Parkinson’s disease and Essential tremor with resting tremor","authors":"Xiaole Zhao , Pan Xiao , Honge Gui , Bintao Xu , Hongyu Wang , Li Tao , Huiyue Chen , Hansheng Wang , Fajin Lv , Tianyou Luo , Oumei Cheng , Jing Luo , Yun Man , Zheng Xiao , Weidong Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Essential tremor with resting tremor (rET) and tremor-dominant Parkinson’s disease (tPD) share many similar clinical symptoms, leading to frequent misdiagnoses. Functional connectivity (FC) matrix analysis derived from resting-state functional MRI (Rs-fMRI) offers a promising approach for early diagnosis and for exploring FC network pathogenesis in rET and tPD. However, methods relying solely on a single connection pattern may overlook the complementary roles of different connectivity patterns, resulting in reduced diagnostic differentiation. Therefore, we propose a multi-pattern connection Graph Convolutional Network (MCGCN) method to integrate information from various connection modes, distinguishing between rET and healthy controls (HC), tPD and HC, and rET and tPD. We constructed FC matrices using three different connectivity modes for each subject and used these as inputs to the MCGCN model for disease classification. The classification performance of the model was evaluated for each connectivity mode. Subsequently, gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM) was used to identify the most discriminative brain regions. The important brain regions identified were primarily distributed within cerebellar-motor and non-motor cortical networks. Compared with single-pattern GCN, our proposed MCGCN model demonstrated superior classification accuracy, underscoring the advantages of integrating multiple connectivity modes. Specifically, the model achieved an average accuracy of 88.0% for distinguishing rET from HC, 88.8% for rET from tPD, and 89.6% for tPD from HC. Our findings indicate that combining graph convolutional networks with multi-connection patterns can not only effectively discriminate between tPD, rET, and HC but also enhance our understanding of the functional network mechanisms underlying rET and tPD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"563 ","pages":"Pages 239-251"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.032
Kemal Erdem Basaran , Seyda Korkmaz , Güzide Satır-Basaran , Hasan Salkın
The first of our aims in this study was to investigate the effects of 5-HT2AR, 5-HT7R, and A2AR blockades on miR-27b-3p expression in the short and long-term in neuroblastoma cells. Our second aim was to reduce the expression of pERK and suppress proliferation by blocking the 5-HT2AR with ketanserin. Our third aim was to reduce the expression of pAKT and induce apoptosis by blocking the A2AR and 5-HT7R with MSX3 and SB269970. Thus, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of ketanserin, MSX3 and SB269970, individually or in combination, on neuroblastoma cells.
We found that short and long-term blockades of A2A, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT7 receptors had different effects on miR-27b-3p expression. Blockade of A2AR and 5-HT7R with MSX3 and SB269970 decreased miR-27b-3p expression in the short term while increasing it in the long term. Ketanserin increased miR-27b-3p expression in both the short and long term. When 5-HT2AR was blocked with ketanserin, no significant difference was observed in pERK expression and proliferation in the short term. In contrast, a substantial decrease in pERK expression and proliferation was detected in the long term. Our findings show that the MSX3 + SB269970 dual combination and ketanserin + MSX3 + SB269970 triple combination are especially critical in suppressing pAKT expression in the long term. These findings showed that pAKT protein expression induced apoptosis due to decreased in neuroblastoma cells.
Our study provides the first evidence for the relationships between ketanserin/miR-27b-3p/pERK, MSX3/miR-27b-3p/pAKT, and SB269970/miR-27b-3p/pAKT in neuroblastoma cells. Ketanserin, MSX3, and SB269970 drug combinations may be promising therapeutic agents in neuroblastoma cells.
{"title":"Short and long-term blockades of adenosine 2A, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT7 receptors induce apoptosis, reduce proliferation, and show differential effects on miR-27b-3p expression in neuroblastoma cell lines","authors":"Kemal Erdem Basaran , Seyda Korkmaz , Güzide Satır-Basaran , Hasan Salkın","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The first of our aims in this study was to investigate the effects of 5-HT2AR, 5-HT7R, and A2AR blockades on miR-27b-3p expression in the short and long-term in neuroblastoma cells. Our second aim was to reduce the expression of pERK and suppress proliferation by blocking the 5-HT2AR with ketanserin. Our third aim was to reduce the expression of pAKT and induce apoptosis by blocking the A2AR and 5-HT7R with MSX3 and SB269970. Thus, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of ketanserin, MSX3 and SB269970, individually or in combination, on neuroblastoma cells.</div><div>We found that short and long-term blockades of A2A, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT7 receptors had different effects on miR-27b-3p expression. Blockade of A2AR and 5-HT7R with MSX3 and SB269970 decreased miR-27b-3p expression in the short term while increasing it in the long term. Ketanserin increased miR-27b-3p expression in both the short and long term. When 5-HT2AR was blocked with ketanserin, no significant difference was observed in pERK expression and proliferation in the short term. In contrast, a substantial decrease in pERK expression and proliferation was detected in the long term. Our findings show that the MSX3 + SB269970 dual combination and ketanserin + MSX3 + SB269970 triple combination are especially critical in suppressing pAKT expression in the long term. These findings showed that pAKT protein expression induced apoptosis due to decreased in neuroblastoma cells.</div><div>Our study provides the first evidence for the relationships between ketanserin/miR-27b-3p/pERK, MSX3/miR-27b-3p/pAKT, and SB269970/miR-27b-3p/pAKT in neuroblastoma cells. Ketanserin, MSX3, and SB269970 drug combinations may be promising therapeutic agents in neuroblastoma cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"563 ","pages":"Pages 212-221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.029
Weili Cao, Bo Zhu, Zhiqin Liu, Xiaotao Jia, Hongwei Zhao, Naibing Gu, Hongye Chang, Jing Xi, Rong Li, Kun Guo, Jia Shen, Le Ding, Fanya Sun, Zhengli Di
Background: The recent emergence of updated drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has produced encouraging cognitive and clinical results in clinical trials, but there is still controversy over how to choose effective treatment options among these numerous drugs. The purpose of this network meta-analysis (NMA) is to compare and rank these drugs based on their efficacy.
Methods: We systematically searched in PubMed, Web of Science databases and Cochrane LIbrary, gov for randomized controlled trials for data from 2020 to 2024, and then performed a random-effect network meta-analysis.
Results: Our NMA results showed that in several main indicators ADAS-cog, CDR-SB and ADCS-ADL. GV-971 (MD -2.36, 95 % CI -5.08, 0.35), Lecanemab (MD -2.00, 95 % CI -5.25, 1.26), Donanemab (MD -1.45, 95 % CI -4.70, 1.81), Masupirdine (MD -0.83, 95 % CI -3.49, 1.84) were more effective than placebo in improving ADAS-cog. In terms of CDR-SB, Lecanemab (MD -3.11,95 % CI -5.23, -0.99) was more effective. Compared with placebo, Donanemab was more effective in ADCS-ADL (MD 3.26,95 % CI 1.48,5.05). SUCRA values showed that GV-971 (76.1 % and 68.7 %) could achieve better therapeutic effects in ADAS-cog) and NPI, and Lecanema (98.1 %) was more effective in improving CDR-SB scores than other drugs. Donanemab (99.8 %) may be the most promising way to slow down the decline in ADCS-ADL scores. The effect of Masupirdine (80.7 %) on MMSE was significantly better than that of several other drugs.
Conclusion: Donanemab and Lecanemab showed good efficacy in ADCS-ADL and CDR-SB, respectively. GV-971 is the best choice to improve ADAS cogs and NPI.
背景：最近，治疗阿尔茨海默病（AD）的新药不断涌现，在临床试验中取得了令人鼓舞的认知和临床结果，但如何在众多药物中选择有效的治疗方案仍存在争议。本网络荟萃分析（NMA）的目的是根据疗效对这些药物进行比较和排序：我们在 PubMed、Web of Science 数据库和 Cochrane LIbrary、gov 中系统检索了 2020 年至 2024 年的随机对照试验数据，然后进行了随机效应网络荟萃分析：GV-971（MD -2.36，95 % CI -5.08，0.35）、Lecanemab（MD -2.00，95 % CI -5.25，1.26）、Donanemab（MD -1.45，95 % CI -4.70，1.81）、Masupirdine（MD -0.83，95 % CI -3.49，1.84）在改善ADAS-cog方面比安慰剂更有效。就 CDR-SB 而言，Lecanemab（MD -3.11，95 % CI -5.23，-0.99）更为有效。与安慰剂相比，多奈单抗在 ADCS-ADL 方面更有效（MD 3.26，95 % CI 1.48，5.05）。SUCRA 值显示，GV-971（76.1% 和 68.7%）在 ADAS-cog）和 NPI 方面的疗效更好，Lecanema（98.1%）在改善 CDR-SB 评分方面比其他药物更有效。多奈单抗（99.8%）可能是最有希望减缓 ADCS-ADL 评分下降的方法。Masupirdine（80.7%）对MMSE的效果明显优于其他几种药物：结论：多那尼单抗和来卡尼单抗分别在 ADCS-ADL 和 CDR-SB 方面显示出良好的疗效。GV-971是改善ADAS cogs和NPI的最佳选择。
{"title":"Comparison of the efficacy of updated drugs for the treatment on the improvement of cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer 's disease: A systematic review and network meta- analysis.","authors":"Weili Cao, Bo Zhu, Zhiqin Liu, Xiaotao Jia, Hongwei Zhao, Naibing Gu, Hongye Chang, Jing Xi, Rong Li, Kun Guo, Jia Shen, Le Ding, Fanya Sun, Zhengli Di","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The recent emergence of updated drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has produced encouraging cognitive and clinical results in clinical trials, but there is still controversy over how to choose effective treatment options among these numerous drugs. The purpose of this network meta-analysis (NMA) is to compare and rank these drugs based on their efficacy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched in PubMed, Web of Science databases and Cochrane LIbrary, gov for randomized controlled trials for data from 2020 to 2024, and then performed a random-effect network meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our NMA results showed that in several main indicators ADAS-cog, CDR-SB and ADCS-ADL. GV-971 (MD -2.36, 95 % CI -5.08, 0.35), Lecanemab (MD -2.00, 95 % CI -5.25, 1.26), Donanemab (MD -1.45, 95 % CI -4.70, 1.81), Masupirdine (MD -0.83, 95 % CI -3.49, 1.84) were more effective than placebo in improving ADAS-cog. In terms of CDR-SB, Lecanemab (MD -3.11,95 % CI -5.23, -0.99) was more effective. Compared with placebo, Donanemab was more effective in ADCS-ADL (MD 3.26,95 % CI 1.48,5.05). SUCRA values showed that GV-971 (76.1 % and 68.7 %) could achieve better therapeutic effects in ADAS-cog) and NPI, and Lecanema (98.1 %) was more effective in improving CDR-SB scores than other drugs. Donanemab (99.8 %) may be the most promising way to slow down the decline in ADCS-ADL scores. The effect of Masupirdine (80.7 %) on MMSE was significantly better than that of several other drugs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Donanemab and Lecanemab showed good efficacy in ADCS-ADL and CDR-SB, respectively. GV-971 is the best choice to improve ADAS cogs and NPI.</p>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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