New biotechnology最新文献_第10页

Cultivation at a liquid–liquid interface prevents phenotypic heterogeneity of human induced pluripotent stem-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells 在液-液界面培养可防止人诱导的多能性干源性视网膜色素上皮细胞的表型异质性。

IF 4.9 2区生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

New biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2025.10.006

Rie Sonoi , Masamichi Kamihira

Culturing retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, a valuable source for drug discovery and cell transplantation therapies, on a polystyrene solid interface often induces spontaneous phenotypic heterogeneity, including cobblestone-shaped, dome-shaped, and stratified cells within a passaged cell population. Understanding and regulating these phenotypic changes is essential for producing high-quality and safe cell sources. In this study, we developed a cultivation strategy to promote the uniform maturation of human induced pluripotent stem (hiPS)-derived RPE cells by focusing on their behavior in a culture vessel. hiPS-RPE cells cultured at the solid–liquid interface exhibited phenotypic heterogeneity, characterized by cobblestone, dome-shaped, and stratified morphologies, indicating RPE phenotype shifts associated with cellular senescence. However, replacing the Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y27632 with forskolin, which enhances cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion, facilitated uniform maturation of confluent hiPS-RPE cells on a laminin-332-coated liquid–liquid interface. Quantitative analysis revealed that the levels of tight junction formation, F_Z, and the homogeneity index, i.e., the degree of uniform cell distribution, H_LN, were consistent between the central and peripheral regions of the culture vessel (F_Z = 0.97, H_LN = 0.95). These findings highlight the importance of using a liquid–liquid interface to suppress spontaneous phenotypic heterogeneity by promoting uniform cell distribution. Our study presents a novel methodology for efficiently achieving uniform maturation of functional hiPS-RPE cells at the liquid–liquid interface within a culture vessel.

在聚苯乙烯固体界面上培养视网膜色素上皮细胞（RPE）是药物发现和细胞移植治疗的重要来源，通常会诱导自发的表型异质性，包括传代细胞群中的鹅卵石状、圆顶状和分层细胞。了解和调节这些表型变化对于生产高质量和安全的细胞来源至关重要。在这项研究中，我们开发了一种培养策略，通过关注人类诱导多能干细胞(hiPS)-RPE细胞在培养容器中的行为来促进它们的均匀成熟。在固液界面培养的hiPS-RPE细胞表现出表型异质性，其特征为鹅卵石状、圆顶状和分层形态，表明RPE表型变化与细胞衰老相关。然而，用forskolin替代rho相关的coil -coil kinase （ROCK）抑制剂Y27632，可以增强细胞-细胞和细胞-底物的粘附，促进融合的hiPS-RPE细胞在lamin332包被的液-液界面上均匀成熟。定量分析结果显示，培养容器中央和周围区域的紧密连接形成水平FZ和均匀性指数（即细胞均匀分布程度HLN）一致（FZ = 0.97, HLN = 0.95）。这些发现强调了使用液-液界面通过促进均匀细胞分布来抑制自发表型异质性的重要性。我们的研究提出了一种新的方法，可以在培养容器内的液-液界面上有效地实现功能性hiPS-RPE细胞的均匀成熟。

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引用次数: 0

Monoclonal antibodies production in microbial systems: Current status, challenges and perspectives 微生物系统中单克隆抗体的产生：现状、挑战和前景

IF 4.9 2区生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

New biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2025.10.005

Di Zhang, Hong Liu, Yaohua Zhong

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) serve as indispensable tools in diagnostics, clinical therapeutics, and biomedical research. However, their large-scale production faces significant challenges due to the high costs and lengthy timelines associated with conventional mammalian cell-based expression systems. Microbial expression platforms have emerged as a transformative alternative, offering cost-effectiveness, rapid cultivation cycles, and superior genetic tractability for industrial-scale monoclonal antibodies production. Recent advances in Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9-mediated gene editing enable precise metabolic engineering of host strains to enhance protein folding, secretion efficiency, and translational accuracy. Synthetic biology approaches facilities the reconstruction of mammalian glycosylation pathways in microbial systems, yielding monoclonal antibodies with near-native structural integrity. Furthermore, AI (artificial intelligence)-driven optimization of expression vectors, promoter systems, and culture conditions, combined with high-throughput screening of engineered strains, significantly accelerates the identification of high-yield production clones. This review comprehensively examines current progress in microbial expression systems, strain engineering strategies, and fermentation optimization for enhanced monoclonal antibodies production, while critically discussing existing limitations and potential solutions to advance the field.

单克隆抗体（mab）是诊断、临床治疗和生物医学研究中不可或缺的工具。然而，由于与传统的哺乳动物细胞表达系统相关的高成本和漫长的时间，它们的大规模生产面临着重大挑战。微生物表达平台已经成为一种变革性的替代方案，为工业规模的单克隆抗体生产提供了成本效益、快速的培养周期和优越的遗传可追溯性。CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats)/ cas9介导的基因编辑技术的最新进展使宿主菌株的精确代谢工程能够提高蛋白质折叠、分泌效率和翻译准确性。合成生物学方法在微生物系统中重建哺乳动物糖基化途径，产生具有接近天然结构完整性的单克隆抗体。此外，AI（人工智能）驱动的表达载体、启动子系统和培养条件优化，结合工程菌株的高通量筛选，显著加快了高产生产克隆的鉴定。本文综述了目前在微生物表达系统、菌株工程策略和发酵优化方面的进展，以增强单克隆抗体的生产，同时批判性地讨论了现有的限制和潜在的解决方案，以推进该领域的发展。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative transcriptomics of CAZy enzymes in white- and brown-rot agaricomycetes: Evolutionary insights into lignocellulose degradation and the relevance of GH16 glycoside hydrolase functional divergence 白腐和褐腐真菌中CAZy酶的比较转录组学：木质纤维素降解的进化见解和GH16糖苷水解酶功能分化的相关性

IF 4.9 2区生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

New biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2025.10.004

Idoia Jiménez , Manuel Alfaro , Edurne Garde , Gumer Pérez , Ana Fernandez-Morales , Anna Lipzen , Kathleen Lail , Diane Bauer , Kerrie Barry , Igor V. Grigoriev , Lucía Ramírez , Antonio G. Pisabarro

White-rot and brown-rot fungi (WRF and BRF, respectively) decompose lignocellulose, the main structural component of plant biomass, through distinct mechanisms. This study examines the transcriptomic responses of three WRF species (Pleurotus ostreatus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, and Heterobasidion irregulare) and two BRF species (Fomitopsis schrenkii and Rhodonia placenta) grown on poplar wood (W) and glucose (G) as sole carbon sources. RNA-seq analysis revealed upregulation of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) linked to lignocellulose degradation. WRF displayed a broader enzymatic repertoire, whereas BRF employed a more selective approach. Among these responses, GH16 glycoside hydrolases were consistently upregulated across all species, including BRF. Since GH16 enzymes are involved in both plant hemicellulose modification and cell wall remodeling, their wood-induced expression may reflect multiple processes rather than a single conserved wood-decay mechanism. Structural and phylogenetic analyses revealed species-specific divergence, consistent with potential functional specialization. These findings broaden our understanding of fungal enzymatic strategies and highlight GH16 enzymes as candidates for further study. Beyond the immediate context of wood decay, this work has broader implications for fungal ecology, evolutionary biology, and biotechnological applications such as biomass conversion and sustainable bioenergy.

白腐菌（WRF）和褐腐菌（BRF）通过不同的机制分解植物生物量的主要结构成分木质纤维素。本研究研究了以杨木(W)和葡萄糖(G)为唯一碳源生长的3种WRF物种（Pleurotus ostreatus、Phanerochaete chrysosporium和Heterobasidion irregulon）和2种BRF物种（Fomitopsis schrenkii和Rhodonia胎盘）的转录组反应。RNA-seq分析显示与木质纤维素降解相关的碳水化合物活性酶（CAZymes）上调。WRF显示了更广泛的酶库，而BRF采用了更有选择性的方法。在这些反应中，GH16糖苷水解酶在所有物种中一致上调，包括BRF。由于GH16酶参与植物半纤维素修饰和细胞壁重塑，其木材诱导的表达可能反映了多个过程，而不是单一的木材腐烂机制。结构和系统发育分析显示了物种特异性分化，与潜在的功能特化一致。这些发现拓宽了我们对真菌酶促策略的理解，并突出了GH16酶作为进一步研究的候选酶。除了木材腐烂的直接背景外，这项工作对真菌生态学、进化生物学和生物技术应用（如生物质转化和可持续生物能源）具有更广泛的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Reengineering of ergosterol biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its sustainable application in citrus peel processing industry 酿酒酵母麦角甾醇生物合成的再造及其在柑橘果皮加工业中的可持续应用

IF 4.9 2区生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

New biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2025.10.002

Hui Chen , Yasi Wang , Yan Zhang , Nan Peng , Suping Zhang , Yixuan She , Yuxian Yang , Xiuji Liu , Zhangshuang Deng , Xiaosong Gu

Ergosterol is an important sterol primarily found in fungi, yeast, and certain plants, with particularly high concentrations in yeast and fungus. As the precursor to vitamin D₂, it is converted into vitamin D₂ upon exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. In this study, we successfully reengineered the ergosterol biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae through a systematic synthetic biology strategy, and explored its sustainable application in citrus peel processing industry by using the citrus peel hydrolysate as a fermentation substrate. Through the MVA pathway module, the post-squalene pathway module, and the ergosterol biosynthesis module strategies, the titer of ergosterol was significantly increased to 23.38 mg/g DCW, which was nearly 19.15-fold higher than that of the original strain. The engineered strain was capable of producing 2.35 and 5.65 g/L of ethanol at 24 h in shake flasks and 5-L bioreactor fermentation by using the citrus peel hydrolysate as a fermentation substrate, respectively. The conversion rate of ethanol from citrus peel powder was approximately 3.3 %. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the reengineering of ergosterol biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for resisting the stress of D-limonene, implying the engineered strain offers a promising avenue for the development of sustainable and eco-friendly bioenergy solutions in citrus peel processing industry.

麦角甾醇是一种重要的甾醇，主要存在于真菌、酵母和某些植物中，在酵母和真菌中的浓度特别高。作为维生素D2的前体，它在暴露于紫外线（UV）辐射时转化为维生素D2。本研究通过系统的合成生物学策略，成功重组了酿酒酵母麦角甾醇的生物合成，并以柑橘果皮水解物为发酵底物，探索了麦角甾醇在柑橘果皮加工业中的可持续应用。通过MVA途径模块、角鲨烯后途径模块和麦角甾醇生物合成模块策略，麦角甾醇滴度显著提高至23.38 mg/g DCW，比原菌株高出近19.15倍。该工程菌株在摇瓶发酵24 h时乙醇产量为2.35 g/L，在5-L生物反应器发酵时乙醇产量为5.65 g/L，发酵底物为柑橘皮水解物。柑桔皮粉乙醇的转化率约为3.3 %。据我们所知，这是第一篇针对d -柠檬烯胁迫对酿酒酵母麦角甾醇生物合成进行重组的报道，这意味着该工程菌株为柑橘果皮加工行业开发可持续和环保的生物能源解决方案提供了一条有希望的途径。

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引用次数: 0

A comprehensive approach to optimized ultrasound stimulation for enhanced astaxanthin synthesis in Haematococcus pluvialis: The cultivation strategy 超声刺激增强雨红球菌虾青素合成的综合优化方法：培养策略。

IF 4.9 2区生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

New biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2025.10.001

Ju Yeon Lee , Jaewon Park , Sang-Il Han , Min Seo Jeon , Yoon-E. Choi

Astaxanthin, a ketocarotenoid, is a potent antioxidant, and the microalga Haematococcus pluvialis is one of the major natural producers of astaxanthin. In this study, a strategy utilizing ultrasound throughout the cultivation process was introduced to induce astaxanthin biosynthesis in H. pluvialis. The effects of various ultrasound intensities, treatment durations, and frequencies on both cell viability and astaxanthin induction were characterized and optimized. The optimized approach was then applied throughout the culture process for each stage, and the physiological effects of long-term ultrasound stimulation on H. pluvialis were analyzed. The results demonstrated a significant increase of 43.2 % in astaxanthin content compared to the control. Ultrasound, as a stress stimulus, not only promoted astaxanthin synthesis but also enhanced its intracellular accumulation by facilitating its distribution throughout the cell. These findings highlight the potential of ultrasound as an effective tool for enhancing astaxanthin production in H. pluvialis, contributing to the sustainable and cost-effective production of high-value antioxidants in the biotechnology industry.

虾青素是一种类酮胡萝卜素，是一种有效的抗氧化剂，而雨生红球藻是虾青素的主要天然生产者之一。在本研究中，介绍了在整个培养过程中利用超声波诱导雨水杨虾青素生物合成的策略。不同超声强度、处理时间和频率对细胞活力和虾青素诱导的影响进行了表征和优化。将优化后的方法应用于各个阶段的培养过程，分析长期超声刺激对雨水蛭的生理影响。结果表明，与对照相比，虾青素含量显著提高43.2%。超声作为应激刺激，不仅促进虾青素的合成，而且通过促进虾青素在细胞内的分布，促进虾青素在细胞内的积累。这些发现突出了超声波作为提高雨水杨虾青素产量的有效工具的潜力，有助于生物技术产业可持续和经济地生产高价值抗氧化剂。

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引用次数: 0

Heterologous production of β-pinene in the chloroplast of the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum 海洋硅藻三角藻叶绿体中β-蒎烯的异源生产

IF 4.9 2区生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

New biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2025.10.003

Nicola Trevisan , Michele Fabris , John van der Oost , Maria Barbosa , Sarah D’Adamo

Microalgae are considered promising hosts for the sustainable production of plant-derived secondary metabolites, such as terpenoids. In particular, the model marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum is a promising candidate for the heterologous production of such chemicals due to its robustness, relatively fast growth, and high natural accumulation of terpenoids. In addition, P. tricornutum possesses two separate pathways for the synthesis of terpenoid precursors, the MEP pathway in the chloroplast and the MVA pathway in the cytosol. In this study, we explored the two pathways for the heterologous β-pinene production in P. tricornutum by episomally expressing pinene synthase in either the chloroplast or cytosol for the first time. Our results show that the chloroplast expression from episomes led to β-pinene titers of up to 10.27 ± 1.45 µg·L⁻¹. No β-pinene synthesized from the cytosolic MVA pathway precursors was detected, however the expression and functionality of the pinene synthase was confirmed both in the cytosol and in the chloroplast. Furthermore, to enhance production in the chloroplast, we developed more stable transgenic lines with random chromosomal integration of two different pinene synthase genes. We observed higher titers compared to the episomal mutants, up to 19.35 ± 1.42 µg·L⁻¹ with the pinene synthase from Abies grandis and 20.07 ± 0.51 µg·L⁻¹ with the pinene synthase from Citrus limon. All the β-pinene producing strains used in this study also produced α-pinene as a side product, which accounted for 20–25 % of total monoterpenoid production. Overall, this study represents a fundamental step in microalgal engineering towards the synthesis of monoterpenoids.

微藻被认为是可持续生产植物衍生次生代谢物（如萜类）的有希望的宿主。特别是，模型海洋硅藻褐藻（Phaeodactylum tricornutum）由于其健壮性、相对较快的生长和高的萜类自然积累而成为异种生产这些化学品的有希望的候选者。此外，三角角霉还具有两条独立的萜类前体合成途径，即叶绿体中的MEP途径和细胞质中的MVA途径。在本研究中，我们首次通过在叶绿体和细胞质中单独表达蒎烯合成酶，探索了三角草异源β-蒎烯产生的两条途径。结果表明，epises的叶绿体表达导致β-蒎烯滴度高达10.27 ± 1.45 µg·L−1。未检测到胞质MVA途径前体合成β-蒎烯，但证实了在胞质和叶绿体中蒎烯合成酶的表达和功能。此外，为了提高叶绿体的产量，我们开发了两种不同的蒎烯合成酶基因在染色体上随机整合的更稳定的转基因系。我们观察到，与外生突变体相比，大冷杉（Abies grandis）的蒎烯合成酶滴度高达19.35 ± 1.42 µg·L−1，柑橘柠檬（Citrus limon）的蒎烯合成酶滴度高达20.07 ± 0.51 µg·L−1。本研究使用的所有产β-蒎烯的菌株也产生α-蒎烯作为副产物，占总单萜产量的20-25 %。总的来说，这项研究代表了微藻工程合成单萜类化合物的基本步骤。

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引用次数: 0

Site-specifically immobilized D-amino acid dehydrogenase for the synthesis of D-phenylalanine 定点固定化d-氨基酸脱氢酶合成d-苯丙氨酸。

IF 4.9 2区生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

New biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2025.09.006

Krisztina Boros , András-Ernő Iszlai , Laura-Edit Barabás, László Csaba Bencze, Monica Ioana Toşa

Aromatic d-amino acids (d-AAs) have gained increasing attention as chiral building blocks, with biocatalytic procedures emerging as powerful methods for their asymmetric synthesis. d-Amino acid dehydrogenases (DAADH), developed by protein engineering from meso-diaminopimelate dehydrogenases, step out as highly efficient biocatalysts for the reductive amination-based production of d-AAs. Enzyme immobilization allows the recovery and reuse of biocatalysts, while also enhances their operational stability, which is essential for industrial applications. Since the immobilization of DAADHs have been less explored, we targeted to further progress within the covalent immobilization of DAADH from Ureibacillus thermosphaericus, by exploring its site-specific, covalent immobilization. The individual replacement of several surficial Ser residues to Cys at positions 2, 58, 92, 185, 192 and 317 of UtDAADH, allowed their site-specific immobilization onto the maleimide-functionalized Purolite® ECR8415F methacrylic support. The highest specific activity values,

\sim

0.078 and

\sim

0.083 U/mg provided by immobilization through Cys2 and Cys192, respectively, showed 2.1- and 2.2-fold higher values compared to the covalently, but non-specifically immobilized UtDAADH. The recyclability of the immobilized preparations was tested among 10 reductive amination-cycles of phenylpyruvate and based on the retained conversion and specific activities, UtDAADH immobilized through S2C was the best-performing biocatalyst, maintaining 65–70 % conversion and 50 % of the initial activity after the 10^th cycle. After the assessment of optimal enzyme/substrate ratio, the immobilized S2C UtDAADH was tested in three consecutive 200 mg-scale reaction, providing the enantiopure d-Phe with complete conversions and excellent > 88 % isolation yields, supporting its synthetic applicability.

芳香族d-氨基酸（d-AAs）作为一种手性组成部分，随着生物催化过程成为其不对称合成的有力方法，越来越受到人们的关注。d-氨基酸脱氢酶（DAADH）是由中二氨基磺酸脱氢酶通过蛋白质工程技术开发出来的，是一种高效的生物催化剂，用于还原胺基生产d-氨基酸。酶固定化允许生物催化剂的回收和再利用，同时也提高了它们的操作稳定性，这对工业应用至关重要。由于对DAADH的固定化研究较少，我们的目标是通过探索其位点特异性的共价固定化，进一步研究热球脲杆菌DAADH的共价固定化。UtDAADH的2、58、92、185、192和317位的几个表面Ser残基被单独替换为Cys，使它们能够固定在马来酰亚胺功能化的Purolite®ECR8415F甲基丙烯酸载体上。通过Cys2和Cys192固定的UtDAADH比活性最高，分别为~0.078和~0.083 U/mg，比共价非特异性固定的UtDAADH高2.1倍和2.2倍。通过10次苯基丙酮酸还原胺化循环对固定化制剂的可回收性进行了测试，根据转化率和比活性的保留情况，S2C固定化的UtDAADH是表现最好的生物催化剂，在第10次循环后，转化率保持在65-70%，活性保持在初始活性的50%。在评估了最佳酶底物比后，对固定化的S2C UtDAADH进行了连续3次200 mg级反应测试，获得了完全转化的对映纯d-Phe，分离率高达88%，支持了其合成适用性。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of salinity on the composition of a seawater-adapted strain of Scenedesmus almeriensis 盐度对一株适应海水环境的绿僵菌组成的影响

IF 4.9 2区生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

New biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2025.09.008

Elia Rivera-Sánchez , Silvia Villaró-Cos , María Salinas-García , Francisco Javier Alarcón , Marco García-Vaquero , Lucie K. Tintrop , Daniel Kurpan , Tomás Lafarga

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the potential adaptation to seawater of the freshwater strain Scenedesmus almeriensis and to evaluate the effect of salinity on its growth, morphology, and biochemical composition. Incorporating low seawater concentrations into the culture medium (up to 103 mM NaCl) resulted in an increase in biomass productivity from 0.15 to 0.22 g·L^-¹ ·day^-¹ and an increase in the maximum specific growth rate from 0.14 to 0.26 day^-¹. This was attributed to the presence of micronutrients in the seawater and adaptive responses to stress. Despite a lower biomass productivity (0.11 g·L⁻¹·day^-¹), Scenedesmus almeriensis was able to grow well (0.15 day⁻¹) in a medium formulated with only seawater and commercial fertilisers. Cell morphology was significantly affected, with a 150 % increase in cell perimeter and an increase in roundness from 61.5 % (freshwater) to 95.8 % (seawater). The use of seawater also affected the chemical composition of the biomass. Seawater favoured the synthesis of specific fatty acids that have nutritional and industrial value, including polyunsaturated fatty acids. The protein content was slightly reduced under saline conditions but remained at 40 % (which is high compared to other biomasses). The results highlight the potential of seawater as a sustainable and cost-effective substitute for freshwater to produce Scenedesmus almeriensis. Future studies will validate the production of these strains at the large scale and identify potential industrial uses for the biomass produced.

本研究的主要目的是评估淡水菌株Scenedesmus almeriensis对海水的潜在适应能力，以及盐度对其生长、形态和生化组成的影响。在培养基中加入低浓度海水（最高为103 mM NaCl），生物量生产力从0.15增加到0.22 g·L-¹·day-¹，最大比生长率从0.14增加到0.26 day-¹。这归因于海水中微量营养素的存在和对压力的适应性反应。尽管生物量生产力较低（0.11 g·L−1·day- 1），但在仅由海水和商业肥料配制的培养基中，Scenedesmus almeriensis能够生长良好（0.15 day−1）。细胞形态受到显著影响，细胞周长增加了150 %，圆度从61.5 %（淡水）增加到95.8% %（海水）。海水的使用也影响了生物量的化学成分。海水有利于合成具有营养和工业价值的特定脂肪酸，包括多不饱和脂肪酸。在盐水条件下，蛋白质含量略有降低，但仍保持在40 %（与其他生物质相比，这是很高的）。研究结果强调了海水作为一种可持续的、具有成本效益的淡水替代品来生产almeriensis的潜力。未来的研究将验证这些菌株的大规模生产，并确定所生产的生物质的潜在工业用途。

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引用次数: 0

The diversity and keystone species of cucumber rhizosphere microbiome: Unveiling their role in driving cucumber growth and microbial communities 黄瓜根际微生物群落的多样性和关键物种：揭示其在黄瓜生长和微生物群落中的作用

IF 4.9 2区生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

New biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2025.09.007

Yaping Yin , Raja Asad Ali Khan , Liping Li , Yinggu Wu , Chun Li , Yuejian Li , Sen Ren , Jing Zhang , Weiwei Wang , Runmao Lin , Manman Zhang , Xiaojun Liu , Jumei Hou , Genyun Liang

Background

Studying the interrelationship between agroecosystems and the microbiome is essential in achieving sustainable agricultural development. In particular, the relationship between the rhizosphere microbiome and crops is critical to the health and stability of agroecosystems. This study evaluated the diversity and keystone species of the cucumber rhizosphere microbiome and investigated their contributing role in cucumber growth and microbial community regulation. A total of 108 soil samples were collected from the rhizosphere and bulk soil of cucumber crops in different locations and under different cultivation modes in a high-yield area. These samples were analyzed to study the interrelationships between different cultivation modes and crop rhizosphere microorganisms.

Results

The results revealed significant regional differences in microbial communities due to microhabitat (rhizosphere and bulk soil) and geographic location. Common bacteria such as Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, Lysobacter and Rhodanobacter were the most abundant and showed strong correlations with several other bacteria through co-occurrence networking. In addition, Flavobacterium sp. and Bacillus sp. were identified as keystone species for the rhizobia community structure. Synthetic microbial communities and pot experiments confirmed that these two keystone species could enrich the soil microbime and promote cucumber growth. Flavobacterium sp. may promote cucumber growth by regulating the rhizosphere microbial community while Bacillus sp. may influence cucumber growth by stabilizing the rhizosphere microbial biomass, further enhancing nutrient cycling efficiency and improving system stability, which in turn affected the agroecosystem.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates that specific keystone species are important in shaping the cucumber rhizosphere microbiome and plant growth. These results provide insights into agroecosystem-microbe interrelationships and provide a potential basis for optimizing agricultural management strategies.

研究农业生态系统与微生物群之间的相互关系对于实现农业可持续发展至关重要。特别是，根际微生物群与作物之间的关系对农业生态系统的健康和稳定至关重要。本研究评价了黄瓜根际微生物群落的多样性和关键物种，探讨了它们在黄瓜生长和微生物群落调节中的作用。在高产地区不同地点、不同栽培方式的黄瓜根际和块土中采集土壤样品108份。对这些样品进行分析，研究不同栽培方式与作物根际微生物之间的相互关系。结果受微生境（根际和块土）和地理位置的影响，土壤微生物群落存在显著的区域差异。常见细菌如假单胞菌、鞘氨单胞菌、溶菌菌和罗丹诺杆菌数量最多，并通过共现网络与其他几种细菌表现出很强的相关性。此外，黄杆菌和芽孢杆菌被确定为根瘤菌群落结构的关键种。综合微生物群落和盆栽试验证实，这两个关键物种可以丰富土壤微生物群，促进黄瓜生长。黄杆菌可能通过调节根际微生物群落来促进黄瓜生长，芽孢杆菌可能通过稳定根际微生物生物量，进一步提高养分循环效率，提高系统稳定性来影响黄瓜生长，进而影响农业生态系统。结论研究表明，特定的关键物种对黄瓜根际微生物群的形成和植物生长具有重要作用。这些结果提供了对农业生态系统-微生物相互关系的见解，并为优化农业管理策略提供了潜在的基础。

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引用次数: 0

How food wastes can be converted into new products: European legislation and analysis of enzymatic hydrolysis 如何将食物垃圾转化为新产品：欧洲立法和酶水解分析。

IF 4.9 2区生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

New biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2025.09.005

Laura Esposito, Francesca Accardo, Barbara Prandi, Tullia Tedeschi

The generated food waste has a significant economic and environmental impact. Since most of this is considered nutrient-rich substrate, it can be reduced or converted to avoid negative effects. In recent years, new technologies have increasingly focused on this aim by extracting and recovering valuable components for the formulation of new products. Herein, this review analyses food waste management strategies and emerging scientific advancements. Among these, enzymatic hydrolysis represents a promising sustainable alternative to traditional chemical extraction. Unlike chemical methods, it operates under mild conditions, reducing energy consumption and harmful by-products, while efficiently recovering fibres, proteins, phenolic compounds, and other biomolecules of interest from food waste. Furthermore, its effectiveness can be significantly enhanced when combined with other techniques. However, most of these applications are currently at the laboratory scale, and a thorough assessment of the potential benefits and the feasibility at an industrial level is required. In this context, integrating enzymatic hydrolysis within circular economy models can further improve resource efficiency by promoting waste valorisation in industrial applications. This approach aligns with sustainable development goals, fostering the creation of bio-based products and reducing dependence on non-renewable resources. Despite facing challenges such as regulatory constraints and the need for scalable, cost-effective processes, the development of innovative and sustainable practices can bring significant economic, social, and environmental benefits.

产生的食物浪费具有重大的经济和环境影响。由于这大部分被认为是营养丰富的基质，它可以减少或转化，以避免负面影响。近年来，新技术越来越关注这一目标，通过提取和回收有价值的成分来配制新产品。在此，本文分析了食物垃圾管理策略和新兴的科学进展。其中，酶水解代表了传统化学提取的一个有前途的可持续替代方案。与化学方法不同，它在温和的条件下工作，减少了能源消耗和有害的副产品，同时有效地从食物垃圾中回收纤维、蛋白质、酚类化合物和其他感兴趣的生物分子。此外，当与其他技术相结合时，其有效性可以显著提高。然而，目前这些应用大多处于实验室规模，需要对潜在效益和工业水平的可行性进行全面评估。在这种情况下，将酶水解纳入循环经济模型可以通过促进工业应用中的废物增值来进一步提高资源效率。这种方法与可持续发展目标相一致，促进了生物基产品的创造，减少了对不可再生资源的依赖。尽管面临着诸如监管约束和对可扩展的、具有成本效益的过程的需求等挑战，创新和可持续实践的发展可以带来显著的经济、社会和环境效益。

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